434 results about "Raffinate" patented technology

The utility model belongs to the technical field of sugar alcohol preparation, and relates to a system for co-producing L-arabinose and caramel pigment by using xylose chromatography raffinate, which comprises a raw material tank, a nanofiltration membrane separator, a chromatography separation device, an evaporation concentration tank, a crystallization tank, a centrifugal separator and a dryer which are sequentially communicated by pipelines, and the browning reaction assembly is used for mixing the raffinate and the centrifugal mother liquor and then carrying out browning reaction treatment to prepare caramel pigment. The chromatographic separation device is used for separating an extracting solution and raffinate from the flowing nanofiltration permeate, the evaporation concentration tank and the crystallizing tank are used for concentrating and crystallizing the flowing extracting solution into massecuite, the centrifugal separator is used for separating the flowing massecuite into moist sugar and centrifugal mother liquor, and the dryer is used for drying the flowing moist sugar into L-arabinose crystals. According to the utility model, raffinate and centrifugal mother liquor are mixed to prepare a caramel pigment liquid product, so that a caramel pigment additional product is obtained while the utilization rate of saccharide resources is improved.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an iron-manganese bimetallic catalytic material by using copper slag. The preparation method comprises two steps of pretreating the copper slag and preparing the iron-manganese bimetallic catalytic material. The iron-manganese bimetallic catalytic material prepared by the method belongs to a porous material, is rich in pores and large in specific surface area, is rich in Fe < 3 + >, Mn < 3 + >, Mn < 4 + > and other active sites on the surface, has the advantages of high catalytic activity, good stability and environmental friendliness, and realizes reduction and high-value utilization of the copper slag. In addition, the prepared iron-manganese bimetallic catalytic material can be used for catalyzing persulfate to form an advanced oxidation system, and is suitable for degradation treatment of organic wastewater such as printing and dyeing wastewater, pharmaceutical wastewater, food wastewater and raffinate.

The invention relates to a battery material preparation technology, in particular to a method for preparing high-purity cobaltous sulfate from crude cobaltous hydroxide, which comprises the following steps: S1, reacting the crude cobaltous hydroxide with sulfuric acid to generate magnesium sulfate; s2, washing to remove magnesium; s3, adding sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide into the crude cobalt hydroxide after magnesium washing; adding crude cobalt hydroxide to adjust the pH value to obtain a purified solution; s4, adding sodium fluoride into the purified liquid, and filtering after reaction to obtain filtrate; s5, saponifying with sodium hydroxide by using an acidic extractant, then performing soap conversion by using a cobalt sulfate solution, extracting manganese in the filtrate by using an obtained organic phase, and then performing reverse extraction on the organic phase by using sulfuric acid to obtain a manganese sulfate solution; s6, the raffinate obtained after manganese extraction is introduced into an adsorption tower loaded with a zirconium-based composite fluorine adsorbent; and S7, concentrating and crystallizing the defluorinated solution. According to the method, the zirconium-based composite fluorine adsorbent is introduced to be coupled with the process, fluorine ions can be removed, and cobalt loss caused by cobalt fluoride precipitation and the influence of the fluorine ions on the quality of a cobalt sulfate product are avoided.

The invention provides a laterite-nickel ore leaching solution catalytic oxidation-fractional precipitation method, and relates to the field of hydrometallurgy, the method comprises the following steps: adding a catalytic oxidant and a first neutralizer into a laterite-nickel ore leaching solution to obtain a first filtrate and iron slag; adding a catalytic oxidant, a second neutralizer and a first coalescing agent into the first filtrate to obtain a second filtrate and a second precipitate; adding a third neutralizer and a first reducing agent into the second filtrate to obtain a nickel-cobalt precipitate and a third filtrate; adding a fourth neutralizer and a second reducing agent into the third filtrate to obtain a fourth precipitate and a fourth filtrate; mixing the second precipitate with a third reducing agent, performing reduction leaching, and adding a second coalescing agent and a fifth neutralizing agent to obtain a silicon-aluminum precipitate and manganese-scandium filtrate; the manganese-scandium filtrate is extracted, and manganese enters raffinate; and adding a catalytic oxidant and a sixth neutralizer into the raffinate to obtain the manganese oxide. Elements are recycled step by step, and the method has the advantages of multiple types of recycled elements, less resource waste and the like.

The application discloses a method for selectively extracting fluorine from a fluorine-containing aqueous solution based on complex extraction, which comprises the following steps: (1) adding a fluorine complex cation to the fluorine-containing aqueous solution to obtain a solution containing metal-fluorine complex ions; and (2) mixing a saponified organic phase with the solution containing the metal-fluorine complex ions and separating phases to obtain a fluorine-loaded organic phase and a raffinate after fluorine removal. The method can achieve the purpose of deep fluorine removal.

Methods for recovering a metal value from a metal-bearing material are provided. The method comprises leaching the metal-bearing material with a leaching solution to produce a pregnant leaching solution, wherein the leaching solution comprises the raffinate, the chelating agent, an oxidant, and a low concentration of a silver agent, wherein the low concentration of the silver agent is in the range of about 10 ppm to about 80 ppm, and wherein the metal-bearing material comprises a concentration of iron, and recovering the metal value from the pregnant leaching solution to produce the raffinate.

The invention provides a method for extracting and separating rare earth and aluminum from an acetic acid solution by using dynamic difference, which comprises the following steps: extracting the acetic acid solution containing rare earth and aluminum for 5-30 seconds by using an organic phase containing a phosphoric acid extracting agent to realize selective separation of rare earth and aluminum ions to obtain a rare earth-loaded organic phase and an aluminum-containing raffinate; the phosphoric acid-containing extraction agent comprises a P204 extraction agent and / or a P507 extraction agent; in the acetic acid solution containing rare earth and aluminum, the concentration sum of acetic acid and acetate is 0.3 mol / L-3. 5mol / L; the pH value of the acetic acid solution containing rare earth and aluminum is 4.0-5.0. As the coordination constant of aluminum ions and acetate is larger than that of rare earth ions and acetate, when the method is used for treating the acetic acid solution containing rare earth and aluminum, rare earth can be directly extracted and separated from the solution, and meanwhile, the method has the advantages that the operation is simple and convenient, and the method can be realized by using existing conventional equipment.

A method for separating and purifying 4MP1 from a mixture containing 4MTP2 and 1-Hexene comprises the following steps: continuously introducing a solution in which 4MTP2, 1-Hexene and 4MP1 with any concentration are dissolved into a simulated moving bed chromatography system as a raw material solution, collecting a high-purity 4MP1 solution from raffinate of the simulated moving bed chromatography system by adopting a metal organic framework material as a stationary phase, and separating the high-purity 4MP1 solution from the raffinate of the simulated moving bed chromatography system. The extraction liquid is a solution containing impurities 4MTP2 and 1-Hexene. The invention provides a brand new method for separating 4MP1 from 4MTP2 and 1-Hexene, and a complete separation scheme is provided for the prior art; in the separation of high-concentration 4MP1, the relative purity of the separated and purified 4MP1 can reach gt; the recovery rate is gt; and in the separation of low-concentration 4MP1, the rectification level is also exceeded, and the method is more suitable for 4MP1 thermosensitive substances.

The invention relates to the technical field of waste hydrogenation catalyst treatment, and discloses a recovery method of active metal in a waste hydrogenation catalyst, a preparation method of a residual oil hydrogenation catalyst and application of the residual oil hydrogenation catalyst, and the method comprises the following steps: (1) leaching the waste hydrogenation catalyst by using an acid solution to obtain a leachate; (2) the concentration of hydrogen ions in the leachate is adjusted to be 0.05-2 mol / L, then the leachate is in contact with a first extraction agent, washing and reverse extraction are conducted, and a Mo solution is obtained; (3) adjusting the pH value of the first raffinate to 1-2.1, then contacting the first raffinate with a second extraction agent, and then carrying out washing and reverse extraction to obtain an Al solution; and (4) adjusting the pH value of the second raffinate to 2.2-3.5, then contacting the second raffinate with a third extraction agent, and then carrying out washing and reverse extraction to obtain a Ni and / or Co solution. The method can realize hazardous waste resource utilization, and can significantly reduce the production cost of the hydrogenation catalyst.

The invention provides a method for recovering scandium from scandium-containing lithium slag and a pretreatment method of the scandium-containing lithium slag. The method for recovering scandium from the scandium-containing lithium slag comprises the following steps: mixing the scandium-containing lithium slag with concentrated sulfuric acid, and heating and roasting to obtain a roasted product; the roasted product is subjected to water leaching, and scandium-containing leaching liquid and leaching residues are obtained; the scandium-containing leachate is extracted, and a scandium-containing organic phase and raffinate are obtained; washing the scandium-containing organic phase to obtain a purified scandium-containing organic phase and a washing solution; carrying out reverse extraction on the purified scandium-containing organic phase, and filtering to obtain a reverse extract; the reverse extract is subjected to acid dissolution, and a scandium-containing acid solution is obtained; adding oxalic acid into the scandium-containing acid solution for precipitation, filtering to obtain scandium oxalate precipitation, and roasting to obtain scandium oxide.

The invention discloses a method for treating indium raffinate, which comprises the following steps: mixing the indium raffinate with ammonium sulfate, and reacting to obtain a mixed solution; wherein the indium raffinate comprises aluminum ions; cooling the mixed solution to obtain an aluminum ammonium sulfate crystal; adding the aluminum ammonium sulfate crystal into water, and carrying out heating treatment to obtain an aluminum ammonium sulfate solution; adjusting the pH value of the aluminum ammonium sulfate solution to 4.5-5.5 to obtain an aluminum hydroxide precipitate; and calcining the aluminum hydroxide precipitate to obtain aluminum oxide. Therefore, according to the method, the aluminum element in the zinc hydrometallurgy system can be removed, the aluminum element is converted into an aluminum oxide product to be recycled, and good environmental protection benefits and economic benefits are achieved.

The present invention relates to the technical field of waste catalyst treatment, and discloses a waste hydrogenation catalyst treatment method, a hydrogenation catalyst, and a heavy oil and / or residual oil hydrotreatment method, the method comprises: (1) in an oxygen-containing atmosphere, carrying out carbon burning treatment on the waste hydrogenation catalyst; (2) leaching part of metal in the catalyst obtained in the step (1) by adopting an acid solution to obtain a leaching solution and a leaching residual catalyst; wherein compared with the waste hydrogenation catalyst, the leaching rate of vanadium in the leaching residual catalyst in terms of oxide is 62-94%; (3) carrying out extraction treatment on the leaching solution to obtain an extraction solution containing V < 4 + > and a raffinate; and (4) dipping the leaching residual catalyst obtained in the step (2) by adopting the raffinate, and then carrying out high-temperature activation treatment at 600-800 DEG C. The hydrogenation catalyst obtained by the treatment method is applied to the hydrotreating process of heavy oil and / or residual oil, and has relatively good demetallization performance and relatively high desulfurization activity stability.

The utility model relates to a kind of P507 raffinate oil removal COD system, and it relates to wastewater treatment technical field.The P507 raffinate oil removal COD system includes the pretreatment system, filtration system, oxidation system that are sequentially communicated, pretreatment system includes the pre-oxidation equipment, flocculation equipment, sedimentation equipment that are sequentially communicated, filtration system includes the filtration equipment, filter water production equipment and backwashing system that are sequentially communicated, and oxidation system includes the ozone generator, oxidation equipment that are sequentially communicated.The system can effectively remove oil and COD in lithium battery industry P507 raffinate, and without resin treatment, without class a dangerous substance, low operating cost.

The invention relates to a process for obtaining isobutene from an isobutene containing C4-hydrocarbon mixture (1) in a plant comprising an etherification unit (3), a first distillation unit (5), an ether cleavage unit (10) and a second distillation unit (12), the process comprising: (a) contacting the C4-hydrocarbon mixture (1) with a primary alcohol (2) and reacting the mixture with the primary alcohol in the presence of an acidic catalyst to form the corresponding alkyl tert-butyl ether in the etherification unit (3); (b) distilling the reaction mixture (4) from the etherification unit (3) in the first distillation unit (5), a C4-hydrocarbon raffinate being withdrawn as the overhead product (6), and the alkyl tert-butyl ether being withdrawn as the bottom product (7); (c) vaporizing the bottom product from the first distillation unit (5) in an evaporator (8) obtaining a vapor stream (9); (d) reacting the vapor stream (9) of step (c) in the presence of an acidic catalyst obtaining isobutene and the primary alcohol as reaction products in the ether cleavage unit (10); (e) distilling the reaction mixture (11) from the ether cleavage unit (10) in the second distillation unit (12), isobutene being withdrawn as the overhead product (13), the primary alcohol and diisobutene being withdrawn as the bottom product (14) and being recycled to the etherification unit (3); wherein a purge stream (15) containing high boiling components with a normal boiling point higher than that of the alkyl tert-butyl ether is withdrawn from the evaporator (8) in step (c).

The invention discloses a method for removing aluminum, calcium and magnesium and recovering nickel from waste hydrogenation catalyst pickle liquor through complete extraction, and belongs to the technical field of hydrometallurgy. A method for removing aluminum, calcium and magnesium and recovering nickel from waste hydrogenation catalyst pickle liquor through complete extraction comprises the following steps that S1, the waste hydrogenation catalyst pickle liquor containing nickel, aluminum, calcium and magnesium is taken, the pH of the pickle liquor is adjusted, first-stage multi-stage counter-current extraction is conducted through a composite organic extraction phase, and an aluminum-loaded organic phase and aluminum-removed raffinate are obtained; s2, adjusting the pH value of the aluminum removal raffinate, and carrying out second-stage multi-stage counter-current extraction by adopting a composite organic extraction phase to obtain a calcium and magnesium loaded organic phase and a purified nickel sulfate solution; s3, the purified nickel sulfate solution is subjected to evaporative crystallization, and a nickel sulfate product is obtained; wherein the composite organic extraction phase comprises a main extraction agent, a synergistic extraction agent A and a synergistic extraction agent B; the method has the advantages of being high in nickel recovery rate, thorough in impurity removal, short in technological process, free of slag dust pollution and the like.

The application discloses a treatment method of wastewater in an extraction process of beryllium oxide, and adds precipitated wastewater obtained after production of beryllium hydroxide into raffinate obtained in the extraction process of beryllium oxide, and then performs neutralization and precipitation after adding an adjusting agent, so as to obtain wastewater residue and neutralized wastewater through filtration; the wastewater residue is modified and calcined at 800-1000 DEG C; calcined waste residue is obtained, and then the calcined waste residue is added into the same batch of raffinate, so as to obtain filtrate and waste residue through filtration; calcium hydroxide is added into the obtained neutralized wastewater, so as to obtain neutralized residue and treated wastewater. The method realizes low-cost treatment of the wastewater and recycling of resources, and greatly improves the recovery rate of beryllium.

The invention discloses a method for comprehensive recovery of lead-tin white soot containing arsenic and zinc and harmless vitrification of arsenic and a method for preparing an arsenic glass clarifying agent. The method comprises the steps of first-stage acid leaching, second-stage acid leaching, copper sulfide precipitation, zinc arsenate precipitation, alkaline leaching, calcium arsenate precipitation, calcium arsenate drying and harmless vitrification of arsenic. According to the method, the zinc raffinate acid liquor for zinc extraction is adopted for acid leaching, zinc in the zinc raffinate acid liquor can be recycled, sulfuric acid in the zinc raffinate acid liquor can be utilized, and two-stage acid leaching is conducted in sequence, so that the leaching rate of arsenic, zinc and copper is increased, the separation effect of valuable metal such as arsenic, zinc and copper from lead and tin is improved, and the recycling grade of lead and tin in the soot is improved; the processes of copper sulfide precipitation, zinc arsenate precipitation, alkaline leaching and calcium arsenate precipitation are adopted in sequence, and copper, zinc and arsenic in the leachate are extracted respectively; the arsenic-containing glass clarifying agent which is economic and environment-friendly is prepared from calcium arsenate extracted from the ash, and harmless resourceful treatment of arsenic in the white ash is realized.

The invention discloses an acid circulation process in a process of sulfating and decomposing rare earth minerals, which comprises the following steps: 1) mixing the sulfated and decomposed rare earth minerals with slurry mixing liquid to obtain primary leaching residues A1 and an acid solution B containing rare earth; 2) mixing the rare earth-containing acidic solution B with an amine-containing extractant I to obtain a sulfuric acid-loaded organic solution C and a rare earth-containing raffinate D; 3) mixing the raffinate D with an acidic phosphorus type extractant II to obtain a rare earth-loaded organic solution X and raffinate E containing dilute sulphuric acid; 4) mixing the organic solution C loaded with the sulfuric acid with water to obtain an organic solution Y containing the extracting agent I and a sulfuric acid strip liquor Z; and (5) returning the raffinate E containing dilute sulphuric acid to the step (1), mixing the raffinate E with the primary leaching residue A1, and repeating the steps (1)-(5) for n-1 times in total. According to the method, recycling of sulfuric acid is achieved, and the use amount of water in the leaching process is reduced.

A method of recovering a nickel, cobalt, and manganese salts includes removing impurities from an acidic aqueous leach solution including cobalt, manganese, and nickel salts to produce a purified aqueous solution including the metal salts and remaining impurity salts. The method includes extracting the purified aqueous solution in a first liquid-liquid extraction step using a first organic extractant to produce a first aqueous raffinate solution including the cobalt, manganese, and nickel salts and a first loaded organic solution including one or more of the remaining impurity salts from the purified aqueous solution. The method further includes extracting the cobalt, manganese, and nickel salts from the first aqueous raffinate solution in a second liquid-liquid extraction step using a second organic extractant to produce a second loaded organic solution including the cobalt, manganese and nickel salts and a second aqueous raffinate solution comprising one or more of the remaining impurity salts.

The utility model relates to two sets of adsorption production systems in an aromatic hydrocarbon factory, in particular to a raffinate tower top heat exchange system of an adsorption separation unit of an aromatic hydrocarbon combination device, which comprises a raffinate tower and a desorption agent regeneration tower, and the raffinate tower is connected to a raffinate tower return tank through a raffinate tower gas phase outlet pipeline. The raffinate tower reflux tank is connected to the raffinate tower through a raffinate reflux pipeline and a raffinate reflux pump, and a raffinate tower top air cooler is arranged on a gas phase outlet pipeline of the raffinate tower; the desorption agent regeneration device is connected to the raffinate tower through a regeneration tower gas phase outlet pipeline, and a regeneration tower gas phase control valve is arranged on the regeneration tower gas phase outlet pipeline; and the regeneration tower gas phase outlet pipeline and the raffinate tower gas phase outlet pipeline are connected through a first overline and a second overline. The tower top flow of the raffinate tower exchanges heat with the tower top flow of the desorption agent regeneration tower, so that the temperature of an outlet of an air cooler at the top of the raffinate tower is increased, the anti-freezing effect is achieved, a heat tracing pipeline is not needed, and the energy loss is reduced.

The present invention concerns a process for producing nickel and / or cobalt comprising the steps of: a) providing an aqueous metal sulfate feed solution comprising nickel and / or cobalt ions and impurities; b) separating a first part of impurities from the metal sulfate feed solution to obtain a raffinate; c) optionally subjecting the raffinate to an ion exchange treatment to remove a second part of impurities; and d) subjecting at least a portion of the optionally ion exchanged raffinate as electrolyte to electrowinning to produce nickel and / or cobalt.

The disclosure relates to a continuous process for obtaining phosphoric acid and calcium sulphate dihydrate from apatite, and sulphuric acid using hydrochloric acid as an intermediate attacking agent, comprising the steps: Leaching (101) apatite (11) with an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid (12,13) to solubilize phosphorus compounds contained in the apatite, thereby obtaining a solution (15) containing phosphate (H3PO4) and calcium chloride (CaCl2); extracting (103) said solution (15) with organic solvent (16), yielding an organic extract (17) loaded with phosphate ions, and an aqueous raffinate (21) containing calcium chloride and residual impurities; re-extracting the phosphate ions from the organic extract (17) with water (18), thus yielding an aqueous extract (19) of phosphoric acid, and an unloaded organic phase substantially free of phosphoric acid, reacting (107) the raffinate (21) containing calcium chloride with sulphuric acid (26) to cause precipitation of calcium ions in the raffinate as calcium sulphate dihydrate and to recover chloride ions in the raffinate in the form of hydrochloric acid (12), wherein the reaction of the raffinate (21) containing calcium chloride with sulphuric acid (26) involves intermittent agitation of the raffinate, filtering off (108) precipitated calcium sulphate dihydrate (27) from the previous step (107) and washing it with water, recycling (112) the recovered hydrochloric acid (12) to the step (101) of the leaching apatite.

Disclosed are apparatuses and processes for preparation and conversion comprising / using: a fractionation chain (4-6) that produces a xylene fraction (24); a xylene separation unit (10) that treats the xylene fraction to produce a para-xylene extract (39) and a raffinate (40); an isomerization unit (11) treating the raffinate to produce an isomerization product (42) of xylenes fed to the fractionation chain; the synthesis gas production unit (14; 15) that treats the hydrocarbon feedstock (30) to produce a synthesis gas (34) containing CO and CO2; a methanol synthesis reaction section (50) that treats the synthesis gas (34) to produce methanol (51); a toluene alkylation reaction section (13) treating the toluene-containing fraction (23) with methanol (51) to produce an alkylation effluent (32) containing xylene and fed to the fractionation chain.

The invention relates to an impurity removal method for rare earth feed liquid, and belongs to the technical field of rare earth metallurgy. The impurity removal method of the rare earth feed liquid comprises the following steps: (1) performing oil removal on rare earth extraction raffinate wastewater, and adding an alkaline precipitator for precipitation to obtain an impurity removal agent; (2) adding barium salt into the rare earth feed liquid to obtain primary impurity-removed liquid; (3) adding the impurity removal agent into the primary impurity removal liquid to obtain secondary impurity removal liquid and impurity removal residues; and (4) extracting the secondary impurity removal liquid by adopting an extracting agent to obtain a tertiary impurity removal liquid and raffinate wastewater, and recycling the obtained raffinate wastewater for preparing the impurity removal agent in the step (1). According to the impurity removal method disclosed by the invention, on the premise of not changing the original raffinate wastewater precipitation treatment flow and meeting the original raffinate wastewater discharge water quality, while the raffinate wastewater is treated, the multi-impurity rare earth feed liquid can be effectively subjected to impurity removal, the comprehensive utilization of resources is realized, and the green and healthy development of the rare earth industry is facilitated.

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical engineering and separation, and discloses a technology for recovering dimethyl sulfoxide from dimethyl sulfoxide mother liquor and preparing the dimethyl sulfoxide from the dimethyl sulfoxide mother liquor, and the technology comprises the following steps that firstly, the dimethyl sulfoxide mother liquor containing impurities such as water and alcohol ethers is subjected to multi-dimensional diagnosis, and the content of key components of the dimethyl sulfoxide mother liquor is obtained; based on a diagnosis result, an optimal process path in high-water-content purification, organic impurity purification or composite extraction cooperation is adaptively selected for separation and purification. According to the invention, the tower top waste heat of the DMSO rectification unit is used for preheating the mother liquor before extraction, so that an efficient energy coupling closed loop is constructed; and a multi-layer material closed-loop network is established by recycling tower kettle raffinate of the extraction agent recovery tower, removing impurities from a middle-section side line and utilizing material flows among different process paths to perform solvent synergistic regeneration. According to the invention, high-efficiency, low-consumption and high-purity recovery of DMSO mother liquor from different sources is realized, the adaptability and economical efficiency of the process are remarkably improved, and long-period stable operation of the system is ensured.

The present disclosure relates to a method for separating naphtha, comprising: feeding naphtha and a first desorbent into a first adsorption separation tower for first adsorption separation to obtain a first extract and a first raffinate; feeding the first raffinate into a first rectifying tower for first rectification treatment to obtain a first stream mainly containing cycloalkanes and alkanes; feeding the first stream and a second desorbent into a second adsorption separation tower for second adsorption separation to obtain a second extract and a second raffinate; feeding the second raffinate into a second rectifying tower for second rectification treatment to obtain a second stream mainly containing alkanes; feeding the first extract and the second extract into a third rectifying tower for third rectification treatment to obtain a third stream mainly containing aromatic hydrocarbons and cycloalkanes; wherein the first desorbent is selected from heavy aromatic hydrocarbon components, and the second desorbent is selected from light hydrocarbon components. The method of the present disclosure has low cost, simple process, high separation purity and high yield.

This process for the recovery of rare earths contained in ionic clays implements the leaching of said clays according to a continuous loop: in which said leaching is initiated by contacting fresh ionic clay with an aqueous leaching solution S1 comprising a dissolved salt of M1 / zCl or M2 / zSO4, where M is a cation chosen from the group consisting of Na+, NH4+ and Mg2+; and z = 1 or 2, representing the number of charges of the cation M, generating on the one hand, a leachate or aqueous solution S2 comprising rare earth cations and actinium, and on the other hand, a leached or exhausted clay; then in which, said solution S2 is subjected to a phase of extraction of the valued rare earths, generating on the one hand, an organic solution S3 or a solid S3 comprising the valued rare earths, and on the other hand a raffinate R comprising the salt of M1 / zCl or of M2 / zSO4, actinium in cationic form, and the non-valued rare earths;The raffinate R is brought into contact with a quantity of fresh ionic clay, forming a new solution S2; said new solution S2 is then subjected to a new phase of extraction of the valuable rare earths, generating a new raffinate R; the leaching solution constituted by the raffinate R resulting from the successive phases of extraction of the valuable rare earths, continuously circulating in connection with new quantities of fresh ionic clay. Figure 1;

The invention discloses a double-solvent extraction method in an organic solution, and belongs to the technical field of solvent extraction methods in organic solutions. The method comprises the following steps: mixing an original solution with a solvent S1 serving as an organic extraction agent and a solvent S2 serving as an inorganic extraction agent to obtain a solution 1; after the solution 1 is subjected to multiple times of step-by-step extraction, an extraction phase E1, an extraction phase E2 and a raffinate phase R are generated respectively; and separating the extract liquor to respectively obtain extract liquor E01, extract liquor E02 and raffinate R0. The method disclosed by the invention is simple and rapid to operate, good in selectivity, good in separation effect, relatively high in extraction rate, capable of obtaining a relatively pure solvent, wide in application range and capable of effectively separating organic matters and inorganic matters in an organic solution at the same time.

The invention relates to a method for producing a non-hazardous aromatic process oil from a tyre pyrolysis oil. The method comprises the steps of distilling the tyre pyrolysis oil using fractional distillation, with at least one low-boiling fraction and at least one high-boiling fraction being obtained, mixing the at least one high-boiling fraction with solvent as an extractant and extracting it, an aromatic oil being obtained as the raffinate. The invention further relates to a non-hazardous aromatic process oil and to the use of the process oil in tyres or rubber mixtures.

The invention discloses a method for enriching and extracting gallium in raffinate containing gallium and germanium, and belongs to the technical field of extraction and separation of scattered metals. The extraction method of gallium comprises the following steps: pre-neutralizing raffinate containing gallium and germanium through secondary zinc oxide powder to reduce acidity, reduce emulsification and improve extraction efficiency, and carrying out filter pressing to obtain pre-neutralized liquid; adding reduced iron powder into the pre-neutralized liquid, adding bone glue in the purification process, and discharging filter residues after filter pressing to obtain purified liquid; selectively enriching gallium by using an organic extraction agent to form a rich organic phase, and separating residual liquid at the same time; carrying out reverse extraction on the rich organic phase by using a sulfuric acid aqueous solution to obtain a gallium-containing solution, and carrying out hydrolytic precipitation to obtain a crude gallium compound; and separating out a crude gallium compound, dissolving with dilute sulphuric acid, removing insoluble substances to obtain a gallium-containing solution, and carrying out secondary hydrolysis and high-temperature roasting to obtain high-purity gallium concentrate. According to the method, the enrichment and separation process of gallium is optimized through a reduction synergy and fractional hydrolysis mechanism, and the extraction efficiency and purity of gallium are remarkably improved.