1363 results about "Phase inversion" patented technology

In a massed region of each of a plurality of transfer areas of a mask a plurality of light transmission patterns are formed by opening a half-tone film. A phase shifter is disposed in each of the light transmission patterns so that a 180° phase inversion occurs between the lights that transmit through adjacent light transmission patterns. In a sparse region of the plurality of transfer areas a solitary light transmission pattern is formed by opening the half-tone film. Both shape and size are the same among the light transmission patterns, which are disposed symmetrically in both the massed and sparse regions about the center between the transfer areas. The phase shifters in the massed regions are disposed so that the phase of each phase shifter in one of the transfer areas comes to be opposed to that of its counterpart in the other transfer area. In the exposure process, those transfer areas are overlaid one upon another in the same chip region.

Timing signal generation and distribution are combined in operation of a signal path exhibiting endless electromagnetic continuity affording signal phase inversion and having associated regenerative active means. Two-or more-phases of substantially square-wave bipolar signals arise directly in travelling wave transmission-line embodiments compatible with semiconductor fabrication including CMOS. Coordination by attainable frequency synchronism with phase coherence for several such oscillating signal paths has intra-IC inter-IC and printed circuit board impact.

The invention relates to calcium sulfonate complex grease and a manufacture method thereof, in particular to grease producing the thickening agent by synthetic reaction with super-high base value. At first, the lubricating base oil and the calcium sulfonate are added into an opening reaction kettle to be stirred, the phase inversion promoter, the glacial acetic acid and the water are added into the kettle to boost the temperature to make the insulating reaction until the materials are thickened, then the calcium hydroxide, the aliphatic acid and the boric acid are added into make an insulating reaction, a temperature rise, an insulating dehydration and a refining in turn, then the materials are moved into an intermediate kettle, the antioxidant is added to disperse and homogenize, and the finished product is produced after the filtering. The invention has excellent anti-spray performance, excellent high temperature performance, good extreme pressure anti-abrasion performance, prominent anti-shear performance, good pumping performance, anti-rust performance and water adding shear stability; has apparent phase inversion effect and good product performance, decreases the grease exchange times under the same working condition and increases the service life of the equipment, which is proved by the trial applications of a plurality of appliance manufacture enterprises, steel works, paper mills and so on.

The invention provides a high-performance hybrid separation membrane and a preparation method thereof. The interior of a matrix material of the separation membrane, the surface of the separation membrane and the surfaces of membrane pores all contain a poly-o-phenylenediquinone compound produced after oxidation of a pyrocatechol compound and cross-linked, cured and uniformly dispersed nano-materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding a pyrocatechol derivative into a membrane-casting blended solution of the nano-materials and a polymer to promote bonding of the nano-materials and the polymer; and oxidizing the pyrocatechol compound into the poly-o-phenylenediquinone compound in the processes of phase inversion and film formation so as to realize cross-linking and curing of the nano-materials and dispersion of the nano-materials in the polymer matrix. The method comprises the concrete steps of preparation of the membrane-casting solution, blending of a coagulation bath, film formation and curing and / or modification.

This invention relates to a method of making flat sheet asymmetric membranes, including cellulose diacetate / cellulose triacetate blended membranes, polyimide membranes, and polyimide / polyethersulfone blended membranes by formulating the polymer or the blended polymers dopes in a dual solvent mixture containing 1,3 dioxolane and a second solvent, such as N,N′-methylpyrrolidinone (NMP). The dopes are tailored to be closed to the point of phase separation with or without suitable non-solvent additives such as methanol, acetone, decane or a mixture of these non-solvents. The flat sheet asymmetric membranes are cast by the phase inversion processes using water as the coagulation bath and annealing bath. The dried membranes are coated with UV curable silicone rubber. The resulting asymmetric membranes exhibit excellent permeability and selectivity compared to the intrinsic dense film performances.

A polymer scaffold is provided comprising an extensively interconnected macroporous network. The polymer scaffold embodies macropores having a diameter in a range of 0.5-3.5 mm, and preferably in a range of about 1.0-2.0 mm. The polymer scaffold is prepared using a novel process which advantageously combines the techniques of particulate leaching and phase inversion to render a process that provides amplified means by which to control the morphology of the resulting polymer scaffold. The polymer scaffold has utility in the area of tissue engineering, particularly as a scaffold for both in vitro and in vivo cell growth. The polymer scaffold may be produced using pure polymer or alternatively a composite material may be formed consisting of a macroporous polymer scaffold and osteoclast-resorbable calcium phosphate particles with a binding agent binding the calcium phosphate particles to the polymer scaffold.

This invention relates to an asymmetric composite membrane containing a polymeric matrix and carbon nanotubes within a single membrane layer, where the carbon nanotubes are randomly oriented within the polymeric matrix and the composite membrane is formed by phase inversion. This invention also relates to a method for producing the composite membrane which includes: coating a surface with a film of a polymer solution containing a polymeric matrix and carbon nanotubes dissolved in at least one solvent; immersing the coated surface in a non-solvent to affect solvent / non-solvent demixing resulting in phase inversion to form a carbon nanotube-containing membrane; and optionally, removing the carbon nanotube-containing membrane from the surface. The invention also relates to a desalination method using the composite membrane.

A data detection circuit within a global positioning system (GPS) satellite receiver operates to detect and decode data sent in a spread spectrum signal. The data detection circuit receives input from a radio receiver, the information containing data from a plurality of satellites. The data is supplied to a circular memory device, which determines which data corresponds to which satellite. The memory device sends the received signal to a matched filter, which decodes the signal received from each satellite. This signal is analyzed to determine whether a phase inversion due to data modulation on the received signal is present. The phase inversion can occur at boundaries, known as data epochs, in the received signal, and corresponds to data in the received signal. This data contains information relating to the position of each satellite and is collected by the data detection circuit for use by the GPS receiver.

An apparatus for increasing efficiency and reducing heat dissipation in power converters is disclosed. Zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) can reduce switching loss of power converters but it often results in a very complicated design and only works well under constant output current. In order to allow the ZVS to work over a wide loading range, the transformer secondary current is blocked when the primary starts to resonate. Hence, the resonant voltage waveform across the switch will not change even when the loading current is changing. Such a resonant voltage waveform is obtained with the aid of the transformer primary inductance and capacitor(s). Also provided is a novel driving circuit which controls the switching. Alternatives and variations of this apparatus can be made to satisfy different applications such as power conversion and power inversion. The subject power converter significantly lowers the heat loss and achieves higher efficiency for very wide loading ranges.

A transmit pulser includes an H-bridge of four transistors. First and second transistors of the H-bridge connect with a first electrode of a transducer element, and third and fourth transistors of the H-bridge connect with a second electrode of the transducer element. A differential receive amplifier connects with the first and third transistors. First and second diode clamps connect with the first and third transistors, respectively, and the inputs to the differential receive amplifier. The second and fourth transistors connect to a same power or voltage source, imposing a same voltage in either a forward or a reverse direction. By using matched transistor pairs (e.g. first and third matched pair and second and fourth matched pair), symmetrical transmit waveforms are generated. Symmetrical transmit waveforms allow for using phase inversion or phase differences between transmit waveforms for imaging, such as for harmonic imaging of tissue. The spectral content of symmetrical waveforms is narrower or includes less harmonic information.

A connector device to be used with a flexible printed circuit board including a connector. The flexible printed circuit board has on its front and rear surfaces ground patterns, signal patterns and phase inversion signal patterns arranged such that the signal pattern and the phase inversion signal pattern are arranged between the two ground patterns, and has a ground layer between the front and rear surfaces and exposed portions located at predetermined positions and reaching the ground layer. The connector has first and second contacts of two kinds. The first and second contacts are arranged in one and the same inserting hole of the housing such that their contact portions are opposite to each other. When a pivoting member has been pivotally moved, the first and second contacts come into contact with the corresponding ground, signal and phase inversion signal patterns on the flexible printed circuit board and the members at the predetermined positions enter the exposed portions so as to contact the ground layer, thereby achieving a miniaturization of the connector and high speed transmission of signals.

The invention relates to a high-water-flux forward-osmosis composite membrane and a preparation method thereof. The forward-osmosis composite membrane is a polysulfone-sulfonated polysulfone-inorganic filler blended / polyamide composite membrane. A traditional osmosis membrane is generally applied to a reverse-osmosis system, and if the traditional osmosis membrane is used in a forward-osmosis process, the water flux of osmosis is far lower than a theoretical value since the traditional osmosis composite membrane is large in thickness, the hydrophilicity of a supporting layer of a polyamide layer is poor so as to cause serious inner concentration polarization. The preparation method comprises the following steps: blending a polymer with a modifier to form film casting liquid; after scraping or leveling, performing non-solvent coagulating bath with water; by a phase-inversion method, preparing a polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane with good hydrophilicity, high porosity, uniform surface pore structure and narrow pore diameter distribution; and in a clean environment and at room temperature, airing the polysulfone membrane till the surface is dry, and growing a polyamide active layer on the surface of the polysulfone membrane by an interfacial polymerization method, thereby obtaining the forward-osmosis composite membrane with good hydrophilicity, high porosity, low thickness and high mechanical strength. The high-water-flux forward-osmosis composite membrane disclosed by the invention has the advantages that not only the osmosis flux is high, but also the reverse leakage of an extraction medium is low, and the selective permeability is good.

Presented is a method of operating a capacitive microfabricated ultrasonic transducer (cMUT) array with multiple firings of varying bias voltage polarity patterns to improve its performance in imaging non-linear media, such as in contrast agent imaging or tissue harmonic imaging. Additionally, transducers incorporating the method are provided. The method of cMUT operation and the corresponding cMUT does not require pre-distortion or phase inversion of the transmit signal and can achieve an improvement in the elevation focus of the cMUT, as compared to the elevation focus that a single firing can achieve. Further, the method of operating the cMUT minimizes the deleterious effects that result from insulators being subjected to high electric fields.

An at least two zone, unsupported, continuous microporous membrane is disclosed. The at least two zone, unsupported, continuous microporous membrane may include at least two different membrane pore size zones or the pore sizes may have about the same pore size. Apparatus and processes for fabricating at least a two zone unsupported, continuous, microporous membrane are also disclosed. One representative process disclosed for forming a continuous, unsupported, multizone phase inversion microporous membrane having at least two zones comprises of the acts of: operatively positioning at least one dope applying apparatus, having at least two polymer dope feed slots, relative to a continuous moving coating surface; applying polymer dopes from each of the dope feed slots onto the continuously moving coating surface so as to create a multiple layer polymer dope coating on the coating surface; subjecting the multiple dope zone layer to contact with a phase inversion producing environment so as to form a wet multizone phase inversion microporous membrane; and then washing and drying the membrane. Other representative apparatuses and processes are also disclosed.

A system and method for ultrasonic imaging utilizing multiple sets of transmit pulses differing in amplitude, frequency, phase, and / or pulse width. One embodiment has phase differences between the k transmit signal as 360kdegrees providing for constructive interference of the kth order harmonic pulse, while an amplitude modulation of each transmit profile is constant between sets. These sets of pulses are transmitted into media of interest and received echoes from these pulses are combined to form an averaged signal. The averaged pulses represent the net common mode signal received from each of the transmit sets. This combined signal set is used to reconstruct an ultrasound image based on broad beam reconstruction methodology.

Improvements in and relating to electronic pulse generation or oscillation circuitry based on a signal path exhibiting endless electromagnetic continuity and affording signal phase inversion in setting pulse duration or half-cycles of oscillation within time of signal traverse of said signal path, and having active switching means associated with said signal path to set rise and fall times of each said pulse or said half-cycle of oscillation, including for frequency adjustment by selective inductance and power saving without stopping pulse generation or oscillation.

The invention provides a power on reset circuit, comprising a voltage detecting module, a Schmitt trigger, a phase inversion control module and a pulse shaping circuit, wherein, in a power on progress of a power supply, the voltage detecting module detects voltage change of the power supply and outputs a sampling signal; the sampling signal enters the Schmitt trigger and outputs a step signal; onone hand, the step signal is output to the voltage detecting module for controlling rapid effusion of the voltage detecting module so as to lower the sampling signal; on the other hand, the phase of the step signal is inverted through the phase inversion control module and then the step signal is used for controlling switching effusion of the voltage detecting module; at last, the step signal is delayed and treated through XOR operation by the pulse shaping module, and then a power on reset signal is output. Design of the power on reset circuit provided by the invention is simple in structure; by utilizing delaying characteristics of two paths of feedback control signals and the Schmitt trigger, the power on reset circuit has very high stability and good anti-noise performance; and, afterpower on is finished, static power consumption of the power on reset circuit is very low.

Improved integrally skinned asymmetric membranes for organic solvent nanofiltration, and their methods of preparation and use are disclosed. Membranes are formed from polyimides by phase inversion and are then crosslinked by addition of amine crosslinking agents that react with the imide groups of the polyimide, creating amide bonds. These stabilise the membranes and allow solvent nanofiltration to be maintained even in the solvents from which the membranes were formed by phase phase inversion.

The invention relates to water-based ink for the package printing of a high-adhesion film and a manufacturing method thereof. The water-based ink is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 10 to 30 percent of water, 5 to 25 percent of alcoholic solvents, 5 to 50 percent of modified chlorinated polypropylene emulsion, 0 to 40 percent of auxiliary blended emulsion, 5 to 40 percent of pigment, and 1 to 15 percent of assistant. The modified chlorinated polypropylene emulsion is formed by using functional organic acid to initiate graft copolymerization through free radicals in non-aromatic solution, using organic amine for neutralization, then removing a solvent and performing a phase inversion emulsification process, wherein the using weight of the functional organic acid in the formula is between 1 and 10 percent. The water-based ink and the manufacturing method thereof have the advantages of synthesizing and using a functional organic acid modified chlorinated polypropylene aqueous emulsion and matched oil manufacturing technology with disperse pigment and compound formula based on the functional organic acid modified chlorinated polypropylene aqueous emulsion. The water-based ink can greatly improve the adhesion and compound properties of ink on films.

The invention relates to a wavefront measuring method based on a Hartmann wavefront sensor. According to the method, light spot array images detected by an array type photoelectric detector in the Hartmann wavefront sensor are used for obtaining the intensity distribution information of each light spot and the mass center position offset relative to the calibration time, the inclination aberration information of a sub wavefront in the corresponding sub aperture can be obtained according to the mass center offset, the high order aberration information of defocusing, astigmatism and the like ofthe sub wavefront in the corresponding sub aperture can be obtained by a phase inversion algorithm according to the intensity distribution information of the light spot, the inclination aberration information and the high order aberration information are combined to form sub wavefronts, and finally, all sub wavefronts are reconstructed by a wavefront reconstruction method or a wave surface split joint method for forming the whole aperture wavefront information. The method has the advantages that the light spot dispersion distribution information which originally puzzles the light spot mass center calculation is utilized, more information quantity of the sub wavefronts in the sub aperture is obtained, the wavefront detection precision of the Hartmann wavefront sensor is favorably improved,or the requirement on the aperture number is favorably reduced.

The invention discloses a high-performance flat-type cellulose acetate / graphene blend forward osmosis membrane. 5 to 25 percent by weight of cellulose acetate, 1 to 15 percent by weight of additives, 0.01 to 2 percent by weight of graphene and mixed solvent of dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, or N-methylpyrrolidone and acetone are added into a dissolving tank according to a given sequence and are stirred and dissolved for 2 to 18 hours at the temperature of 5 to 75 DEG C to be uniformly mixed so as to prepare a forward osmosis membrane casting solution; the high-performance flat-type cellulose acetate / graphene blend forward osmosis membrane is prepared on a supporting material by adopting a phase inversion method. According to the forward osmosis membrane, 1M NaCl is used as a driving liquid, the deionized water is used as a raw material solution, the flux of pure water of the forward osmosis membrane is more than 21L / m<2> within the test time of one hour, and the salt flux in the reverse direction is less than 3.5g / m<2>.

The invention discloses a novel composite forward osmosis membrane and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: coating a casting solution on a low-density non-woven fabric and carrying out phase inversion in a gel bath so as to obtain a porous supporting layer; and allowing an aqueous solution of polyamine and an organic solution of polyacyl chloride to react on the porous supporting layer to form an ultrathin separating layer so as to obtain the composite forward osmosis membrane with a three-layer structure consisting of a low-density non-woven fabric layer, the porous supporting layer and the ultrathin separating layer. According to the invention, through hydrophilic modification of the porous supporting layer and modification of the ultrathin separating layer on the surface, the thickness of the compact ultrathin separating layer is reduced, and water flux is improved. The novel composite forward osmosis membrane prepared in the invention can be used in the process of forward osmosis and has high membrane flux and a high retention rate.

An at least two zone, unsupported, continuous microporous membrane is disclosed. The at least two zone, unsupported, continuous microporous membrane may include at least two different membrane pore size zones or the pore sizes may have about the same pore size. Apparatus and processes for fabricating at least a two zone unsupported, continuous, microporous membrane are also disclosed. One representative process disclosed for forming a continuous, unsupported, multizone phase inversion microporous membrane having at least two zones comprises of the acts of: operatively positioning at least one dope applying apparatus, having at least two polymer dope feed slots, relative to a continuous moving coating surface; applying polymer dopes from each of the dope feed slots onto the continuously moving coating surface so as to create a multiple layer polymer dope coating on the coating surface; subjecting the multiple dope zone layer to contact with a phase inversion producing environment so as to form a wet multizone phase inversion microporous membrane; and then washing and drying the membrane. Other representative apparatuses and processes are also disclosed.

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical painting, specifically to a non-ionic aqueous epoxy resin emulsion and its preparation method. The preparation method of the non-ionic aqueous epoxy resin emulsion provided by the invention comprises the following steps of: firstly, slowly adding dropwisely mono-aminopolyether dissolved by an organic solvent into a mixture of epoxy resin and polyalcohol glycidyl ether to react at the temperature of 90-160 DEG C so as to generate an epoxy-terminated intermediate product, namely an epoxy resin emulsifier; and secondly, mixing the epoxy resin, an epoxy diluent and the epoxy resin emulsifier at the temperature of 40-50 DEG C, slowly adding dropwisely deionized water under high-speed shearing, followed by phase inversion to produce the stable aqueous epoxy resin emulsion. The epoxy resin emulsion provided by the invention has small particle size and high stability; in addition, the solidified film performance of the emulsion is excellent and the production process flow is simple. The aqueous epoxy emulsion provided by the invention can be applied in aqueous paintings and aqueous binders, such as terrace paintings, industrial protection paintings and the like.

The present invention relates to a device consisting of cross-linked nanofibrillary fibrin supported on and rooted to a microporous nonwoven fabric consisting of a biocompatible synthetic polymer material. An active ingredient is advantageously dispersed in the fibrin layer. The fibrin layer does not have a haemostatic function, but is suitable for retaining the active ingredient and releasing it with controlled kinetics. The device forming the object of the invention, preferably in the form of patches, is useful for in vitro cell cultures or for treating tissues damaged by wounds or necrosis, such as cardiac walls bearing the sequelae of infarction, or a tissue damaged by a diabetic ulcer. The patch according to the invention can be manufactured by inducing the polymerisation of the fibrin, under suitable conditions, directly on the support layer, which is suitably impregnated with thrombin (at least in a superficial portion of its thickness), and which has been conveniently prepared by means of a spray phase-inversion technique.

The invention relates to polyimide membranes and to a phase inversion method for the production thereof. The polyimide membranes can be used to separate different gas mixtures.

The invention relates to a heat pipe type solar energy ORC (organic Rankine cyle) low-temperature thermal power generating system which comprises an ORC power generating system, a heat storage system and a heat pipe collector system. The power generating system comprises working medium evaporation sleeves, a turbine, a power generator, a heat regenerator, a condenser and the like. The heat pipe collector system is composed of more than three heat pipe collector modules; each module includes a heat pipe, a vacuum pipe and a CPC (composite parabolic) reflector; the condensing section of the heat pipe is embedded in the working medium evaporation sleeves, and the evaporating section of the heat pipe is arranged at the bottom part in the CPC reflector; and the more than three working medium evaporation sleeves are connected in series. In the invention, the heat pipe, the CPC reflector and an ORC are combined to form the heat pipe type solar energy low-temperature thermal power generating system based on the ORC. Compared with the traditional solar energy low-temperature thermal power generating system, the invention not only has high heat efficiency and strong pressure bearing capacity, but also innovatively utilizes the phase inversion heat exchanging principle of the heat pipe to reduce a heat conduction oil loop and realizes the high-efficiency heat exchanging between an organic working medium and the heat collector.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a nano silver / poly dopamine composite membrane. The preparation method comprises following steps: phase inversion is adopted so as to prepare a polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration basement membrane; the PES ultrafiltration basement membrane is immersed in a dopamine solution, and an ultrathin active layer is formed via deposition of poly dopamine onto the surface of the PES ultrafiltration basement membrane; in-suit introduction of nano silver onto the membrane surface is realized via silver nitrate postprocessing, and the nano silver / poly dopamine composite membrane is prepared. Advantages of the preparation method are that: compared with the preparation method of conventional nano silver composite membranes, poly dopamine is taken as a multifunctional unit, and construction of a separation layer, mineralization, and immobilization of nano silver are realized. The preparation method is green, simple, convenient, and controllable; the separation layer is obtained via water phase construction, and no organic solvent is needed; in-suit synthesis of nano silver is realized, and no chemical reductant or photo-initiation is needed. The nano silver / poly dopamine composite membrane possesses relatively high water flux, and excellent dye separation performance and antibacterial properties.