173 results about "Free solution" patented technology

Sintering die-attach materials provide a lead-free solution for semiconductor packages with superior electrical, thermal and mechanical performance to prior art alternatives. Wafer-applied sintering materials form a metallurgical bond to both semiconductor die and adherends as well as throughout the die-attach joint and do not remelt at the original process temperature. Application to either one or both sides of the wafer, as well as paste a film application are disclosed.

A method of depositing a film of a metal chalcogenide including the steps of: contacting an isolated hydrazinium-based precursor of a metal chalcogenide and a solvent having therein a solubilizing additive to form a solution of a complex thereof; applying the solution of the complex onto a substrate to produce a coating of the solution on the substrate; removing the solvent from the coating to produce a film of the complex on the substrate; and thereafter annealing the film of the complex to produce a metal chalcogenide film on the substrate. Also provided is a process for preparing an isolated hydrazinium-based precursor of a metal chalcogenide as well as a thin-film field-effect transistor device using the metal chalcogenides as the channel layer.

A process for recovering nickel and cobalt values from nickel- and cobalt-containing laterite ores as an enriched mixed nickel and cobalt sulphide intermediate and for producing nickel and cobalt metal from the nickel and cobalt sulphide intermediate. The laterite ore is leached as a slurry in a pressure acid leach containing an excess of aqueous sulphuric acid at high pressure and temperature, excess free acid in the leach slurry is partially neutralized to a range of 5 to 10 g/L residual free H₂SO₄ and washed to yield a nickel- and cobalt-containing product liquor, the product liquor is subjected to a reductant to reduce any Cr(VI) in solution to Cr(III), the reduced product liquor is neutralized to precipitate ferric iron and silicon at a pH of about 3.5 to 4.0, and the neutralized and reduced product liquor is contacted with hydrogen sulphide gas to precipitate nickel and cobalt sulphides. The precipitated nickel and cobalt sulphides can be leached in a water slurry in a pressure oxidation leach, the leach solution subjected to iron hydrolysis and precipitation, the iron-free solution contacted with zinc sulphide to precipitate copper, the iron- and copper-free solution subjected to zinc and cobalt extraction by solvent extraction to produce a nickel raffinate, the nickel raffinate contacted with hydrogen gas to produce nickel powder and the cobalt strip solution from the solvent extraction step contacted with hydrogen gas to produce cobalt powder.

Upon performing electrolysis with a solution containing nickel as the electrolytic solution, anolyte is adjusted to pH 2 to 5; impurities such as iron, cobalt and copper contained in the anolyte are eliminated by combining any one or two or more of the methods among adding an oxidizing agent and precipitating and eliminating the impurities as hydroxide, eliminating the impurities through preliminary electrolysis, or adding Ni foil and eliminating the impurities through displacement reaction; impurities are thereafter further eliminated with a filter; and the impurity-free solution is employed as catholyte to perform the electrolysis. The present invention relates to a simple method of performing electrolytic refining employing a solution containing nickel from nickel raw material containing a substantial amount of impurities, and provides technology on efficiently manufacturing high purity nickel having a purity of 5N (99.999 wt %) or more.

Improvements are made to a novel media that replace the requirement for all protein growth factors by the addition to the medium of physiological concentrations of retinyl acetate. The media are serum-free, companion cell or feeder layer-free and organotypic, matrix free solutions for the cultivation of clonally competent basal keratinocytes. The media and methods are useful in the production of epidermal epithelial tissue that is suitable for skin grafting.

End Labelled Free Solution Electrophoresis (ELFSE) provides a means of separating polymer molecules such as ssDNA according to their size, via free solution electrophoresis, thus eliminating the need for polymer separation via gels or polymer matrices. Here, significant improvements in ELFSE are disclosed via concurrent exposure of the polymer molecules to an electroosmotic flow. When the methods are applied to DNA sequencing by ELFSE, significant improvements in read length are observed.

End Labelled Free Solution Electrophoresis (ELFSE) provides a means of separating polymer molecules such as ssDNA according to their size, via free solution electrophoresis, thus eliminating the need for polymer separation via gels or polymer matrices. Here, end labels are provided that optimize branching architecture to increase hydrodynamic drag of the end label, and improve separation of polymer molecules by ELFSE.

Aqueous cyclodextrin-free solution of meloxicam for administration by oral or parenteral route, containing a pharmacologically acceptable meloxicam salt of an organic or inorganic base and one or more suitable excipients, the content of dissolved meloxicam salt being more than 10 mg/mL. The formulation according to the invention has a shelf-life of up to 24 months or more.

Improved, solid water-soluble fertilizer (WSF) compositions are presented which comprise at least one acid (optionally nutritive) and at least one basic fertilizer component. In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the WSF compositions demonstrate improved solubility of one or more nutrients or additives in solution, do not require additional dissolution aids or anti-caking agents, demonstrate fast dissolution times, produce precipitate free solutions, are readily compounded without intermediate wetting or drying steps, do not generate gas, and demonstrate improved stability under typical usage conditions. Finally, the WSF compositions may be used in improved processes for the creation of stock solutions, optionally with cold water, and/or delivery of nutrients to plants.

This invention is a novel pharmaceutical formulation of aqueous EDTA (Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid) free solution of meloxicam in combination with meglumin for administration by oral or parenteral route, comprising one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients which is comprising N,N dimethylacetamide and propylene glycol for treating mammals, preferably animals.

The invention discloses a technology for directly extracting copper and zinc by using a copper dust wet method for carrying out high-activity processing on a low-grade copper dust material. The technology provided by the invention comprises the following steps of leaching, removing organic matters, extracting copper, removing iron, aluminum and chromium, extracting zinc, and leaching a zinc-free solution (20-30% of open loop can be achieved during the process). The technology provided by the invention has the advantages that a direct extracting operation technology is adopted, more low-grade copper dust can be recycled, the total amount of environment waste is reduced, meanwhile, the product percent conversion is high, the added value of a product is high, the cost is low, the technology has energy-saving and an environment-friendly properties, the low-grade high-impurity dust material which is generated by smelting crude copper through a pyrogenic process and is hard to process at present can be processed, and the valuable metal of the low-grade copper-zinc dust is fully recycled.

The invention discloses an electrospinning device for dynamically controlling the curvature of a spinning solution and an application method for the electrospinning device. The electrospinning device comprises a solution supply system, an electric field control system, a spinning solution curvature regulating system and a nanofiber collecting system. The application method for the electrospinning device comprises the steps of adopting a first electrospinning method to regulate the curvature of the spinning solution to a constant value so as to produce a narrowly distributed nanofiber product, adopting a second electrospinning method to regulate the dynamic change of the curvature of the spinning solution so as to produce a multistage narrowly distributed nanofiber product, or adopting a third electrospinning method to control an electric field and regulate the curvature of the spinning solution so as to produce the narrowly distributed nanofiber product simultaneously. According to the electrospinning device for dynamically controlling the curvature of the spinning solution and the application method for the electrospinning device, since the spinning solution curvature regulating system is adopted, precise control over the curvature of the edge of the spinning solution can be achieved, the regulation of a batch free solution level spinning process can be achieved, and the critical voltage required for the free liquid surface for electrospinning can be reduced; besides, batch, stable and controllable production of the nanofiber products can be achieved, the curvature of the edge of the spinning solution can be dynamically regulated, and one-step production of aggregation of the multistage narrowly distributed nanofiber product is achieved.

The invention provides a CsPbBr3 fully-inorganic perovskite nano wire based visible light photoelectric detector and a preparation method thereof. The detector structurally comprises transparent glass, a CsPbBr3 perovskite nano wire film and Au, and the CsPbBr3 perovskite nano wire film synthesized in a soap-free solution method and an ion exchange method serves as a perovskite light absorption layer. The detector is high in on/off ratio and water and oxygen stability, and the photoelectric current attenuation amplitude is lower than 4.9% when the detector is placed in the atmospheric environment at the average temperature of 32 DEG C and the average relative humidity of 75% for 200h; light-dark current of the detector is not attenuated obviously after that the detector is irradiated continuously for 10000s by ultraviolet light in the intensity of 2.2mW cm<-2>; and the detector can detect visible light within the detection range of 300-540nm. The detector is simple in manufacturing technology, low in cost, and suitable for batch and industrialized production. The dark current of the detector is as low as 100pA, and energy can be saved. The prepared detector has higher responsibility and detection sensitivity.

The invention is directed to a method for determining a monomer sequence of a polymer that is translocated through a nanopore. Monomers of the polymer are labeled with fluorescent labels such that in free solution fluorescent labels of adjacent monomers substantially quench each other and wherein the nanopore constrains fluorescent labels within its bore into a constrained state wherein no detectable fluorescent signal can be generated. By exciting the fluorescent label of each monomer as it exits the nanopore and transitions from a constrained state to a quenched state with an adjacent fluorescent label, a fluorescent signal can be generated by the exiting fluorescent label that allows its monomer to be identified, thereby permitting a monomer sequence to be determined from a sequence of fluorescent signals as the polymer translocates through the nanopore.

Embodiments disclosed herein can introduce low amounts of gas in a liquid with fast response time and low variation in concentration. In one embodiment, a gas is directed into an inlet on a gas contacting side of a porous element of a contactor and a liquid is directed into an inlet on a liquid contacting side of the porous element of the contactor. The liquid contacting side and the gas contacting side are separated by the porous element and a housing. The gas is removed from an outlet on the gas contacting side of the porous element at a reduced pressure compared to the pressure of the gas flowing into the inlet of the contactor. A liquid containing a portion of the gas transferred into the liquid is removed from an outlet on the liquid contacting side of the porous element, producing a dilute bubble free solution.

An acidic chromium-free solution for treating a metal surface containing: a vanadium cation source and/or a vanadyl cation source; an organic acid as an anion source; and at least one oxoacid as another anion source is provided. The oxoacid is selected from oxoacids of nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, boron, and chlorine. A metal component composed of, for example, aluminum or magnesium is brought into contact with the chromium-free solution to form a vanadium coating film of a surface of the metal component. A surface treating process using this chromium-free solution is useful for formation of a coating film having low corrosion resistance and low electric resistance.

A process for electrolytic pickling of stainless steel of the ferritic, martensitic, austenitic and duplex series as well as superaustenitic and superferritic steels, nickel or Ni/Cr-based super alloys, and titanium and its alloys is provided. The process utilizes an electrolytic pickling solution containing H2SO4 in a concentration of from 20 to 140 g/l and Fe3+ ions in a concentration of from 15 to 80 g/l, the Fe2+ ions being present a quantity corresponding to a Fe3+/Fe2+ ratio of >1 and preferably >3.

A method for electrochemical etching of a semiconductor material using positive potential dissolution (PPD) in hydrofluoride (HF)-free solutions. The method includes subjecting one of: a polished material; and an as-cut semiconductor material to an etching solution. The method also includes positive biasing at atypically highly positive (anodic) potentials. The specifically controlled and directed illumination of the positively biased semiconductor material surface contacted and wetted by the etching solution significantly increases the value of the anodic current density (A/cm²) of the semiconductor material. The application of positive biasing at atypically highly positive (anodic) potentials, is combined with specifically controlling and directing illumination by light of the semiconductor material surface contacted and wetted by the etching solution. This is done for a necessary and sufficient period of time to enable a positive synergistic effect on the rate and extent of etching of the semiconductor material, and that formed therefrom.

Provided herein are IEF focusing methods for determining the number of drug molecules present in at least one antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) species subpopulation. In one embodiment, the method comprises performing free solution isoelectric focusing on a sample comprising at least one ADC species, to obtain a focused sample. The absorbance of the sample at two different wavelengths is then measured, for example, over a range of pI values. Absorbance values at the two different wavelengths are compared at at least one corresponding pI value, where the at least one corresponding pI value is the pI of the ADC subpopulation. The number of drug molecules in the at least one ADC species subpopulation is then determined based on the comparison. The methods provided herein can also be used to determine the number of specific binding pair members bound to its target specific binding pair member.