155 results about "Pyrometallurgy" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for cascade recovery of tellurium from a complex tellurium-containing material. The method comprises the steps of acid pickling, reduction neutralization, pyrogenic transformation, leaching and neutralization. According to the method, through cooperative treatment of a wet process and a pyrogenic process, the problem of slag phase wrapping is effectively solved, and tellurium with different valence states in a complex tellurium-containing material is converted into high-quality tellurium neutralization slag in a gradient mode. The selenium removal rate is not lower than 95%, the tellurium recovery rate reaches up to 90% or above, efficient separation of selenium and tellurium is achieved, and the produced tellurium dioxide neutralization slag can be used for further purification and refining.

The invention belongs to the technical field of pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy, and discloses an efficient leaching method for Joule thermal shock strengthened vanadium titano-magnetite. The Joule thermal shock strengthened vanadium-titanium resource efficient leaching comprises the steps that low-grade vanadium-titanium magnetite ore powder and a carbon source are mixed and then subjected to Joule thermal shock activation treatment, and an obtained activation product is leached through dilute acid or organic acid, so that valuable metal such as vanadium, titanium and iron can be efficiently leached out. Vanadium titano-magnetite and a small amount of carbon powder are subjected to Joule thermal shock, so that the valence state of metal ions is reduced, and the leaching activity of metal is improved. The Joule thermal shock strengthening low-grade vanadium titano-magnetite acid leaching method has the advantages of being high in activation efficiency, high in metal element leaching efficiency and the like.

The invention belongs to the technical field of thermometallurgy, and discloses a method for enriching and recovering germanium from germanium-containing lignite. The method comprises the following steps: pelletizing iron-containing minerals, germanium-containing lignite and a binder, carrying out reduction roasting on dried pellets at high temperature, reducing and volatilizing germanium in the roasting process, and collecting a volatile product GeO or GeS as a raw material for extracting germanium metal. The method for synergistically utilizing the iron-containing minerals and the germanium-containing lignite has the advantages of being short in process, high in operability, high in product value and the like.

The present application belongs to the technical field of waste lithium ion battery recycling, and discloses a method for preferentially extracting lithium from waste ternary lithium ion battery powder: waste ternary lithium ion battery powder is mixed with water, ammonium sulfate and concentrated sulfuric acid to form a slurry; the slurry is subjected to ripening treatment; the ripened material is ground and then water immersed to obtain a lithium-containing solution and a water immersion residue. The method for preferentially extracting lithium from waste ternary lithium ion battery powder combines pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical means, not only has low energy consumption, but also has a reaction system temperature far lower than the high temperature required by conventional pyrometallurgical processes; moreover, the method exhibits significant selectivity in the process of recovering lithium, which not only improves the recovery efficiency of lithium and reduces the interference of other metals, but also reduces the types and amount of required reagents. In addition, the method does not require complicated impurity removal means, and is a method for treating waste ternary lithium ion battery powder with low industrial cost and high return rate.

The invention relates to the technical field of non-ferrous metal metallurgy, in particular to a comprehensive recovery method for low-grade lead-zinc oxidized ore resources. According to the method, through a side-blown smelting furnace oxidation process and a fuming furnace reduction process, firstly, pyrometallurgy oxygen-enriched smelting is carried out, high-lead smoke dust and zinc-germanium-containing slag are produced, zinc oxide smoke dust is obtained through fuming reduction volatilization, then the zinc oxide smoke dust enters a zinc hydrometallurgy process, the high-lead smoke dust enters a pyrometallurgy lead smelting process for batching, and the zinc-germanium-containing slag is obtained. And finally, lead metal (rich in silver), zinc metal, germanium concentrate and tailings are generated. The method aims at achieving comprehensive recovery of low-grade lead-zinc oxidized ore resources by improving the recovery rate of lead and zinc in the low-grade lead-zinc oxidized ore and conducting cooperative treatment on silver, germanium and cadmium at the same time, and a new thought is provided for comprehensive recovery and large-scale industrial production of the low-grade lead-zinc oxidized ore resources.

The invention relates to the technical field of copper smelting pyrometallurgy, in particular to a method for optimizing the blowing process for a double-furnace continuous copper smelting process. The method comprises the following steps: converting Cu, Fe and S into CuS and FeS according to the contents of Cu, Fe and S in matte and the added white stone amount, oxygen amount and process air amount, calculating the specific oxygen amount, and analyzing the thermodynamic influence law of different slag types, oxygen enrichment concentrations and blowing temperatures on the copper content of the blowing slag by using an Equilib module. By controlling the Fe / CaO proportion, analyzing the balance distribution of Cu, Fe and S by different slag types, fixing the process air volume, adjusting the oxygen-enriched concentration, analyzing the distribution condition of Cu, Fe and S in slag / crude copper / gas three phases, changing the blowing temperature, and analyzing the balance distribution of Cu, Fe and S at different temperatures. According to the method, the theoretical result is combined with the reality, the theoretical conclusion is further verified, and through multi-element phase equilibrium calculation and process optimization, the copper smelting yield and the crude copper grade are improved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the environmental pollution is reduced.

The invention relates to the technical field of heavy non-ferrous metal pyrometallurgy and process equipment, and discloses a large heavy non-ferrous metal bath smelting furnace heat flow accurate matching method and system, and the method comprises the steps: generating key state parameters, and completing the evaluation of the real-time heat state in the furnace; cooling water flow, heat source distribution and the like are used as control variables, comprehensive optimization of heat flow uniformity, structural safety and operation energy efficiency is used as a target for solving, and an optimal control instruction set is output; the optimal control instruction set is decomposed and issued to different execution layers, so that the heat dissipation intensity of each partition is adjusted; heat production-heat dissipation balance in the furnace is reconstructed, and matching of peak clipping and valley filling of heat flow distribution is achieved; after the new control action is executed, sensor data are collected. The system comprises a pump station, a variable frequency pump, a heat exchanger, a smelting furnace, a heat flow control unit, a temperature sensor, a flowmeter, a regulating valve and a control center. The smelting strength and the heat efficiency are improved on the premise of guaranteeing the service life of the furnace lining and the structural safety.

A Method is provided for the hydrometallurgical production of Iron, Lead and Silver from Red Mud and Slug of pyrometallurgy and other similar type of secondary concentrates - residues of production processes, with high concentrations of Iron, Lead and Silver, as well as from residues of Copper White Dust -dust from converters. By applying the proposed method, it is possible to hydrometallurgical production of Iron, Lead and Silver efficiently, from the specific materials, which come from pyrometallurgical methods and other metal production. This specific method enables the hydrometallurgical extraction - production of iron, Lead and Silver from the specific residues of hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical processes, using new chemical solutions and processing lines, which until now could not be processed efficiently and essentially remained unutilized, due to low concentrations or due to the chemical compounds in which the metals were found, rendering them non-recoverable.

The invention provides zirconium and hafnium separation equipment and method for a rectification pyrogenic process, and relates to the technical field of rectification pyrogenic processes. The equipment comprises a first plate tower, a second plate tower, a fused salt storage tank, a reboiler, a waste salt treatment system, a feeding device, a filler stripping tower, a nitrogen generator, a condenser and a cooling separator. The first plate tower and the second plate tower run in parallel and are connected through a material circulating pipeline, so that circulating separation of incompletely separated components is realized. The reboiler provides heat for the two towers, and the filler stripping tower performs stripping separation by using nitrogen. According to the method, the efficiency and purity of zirconium and hafnium separation are remarkably improved through double-tower synergistic separation, dynamic pressure regulation and magnetic field-assisted separation technologies, and meanwhile, energy consumption and environmental pollution are reduced through heat integration and waste salt treatment. The equipment is suitable for a plateau low-pressure environment, has a remote monitoring function, is convenient to operate and stable in operation, and meets strict requirements of nuclear-grade zirconium and hafnium-rich substances.

The invention relates to a device and method for detecting the liquid level height of melt in a copper pyrometallurgy slag ladle, and belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, the device comprises a plurality of infrared cameras in one-to-one correspondence with tank bodies, and further comprises an infrared control box and an upper computer, and the upper computer is externally connected with a dust removal system; the infrared cameras are arranged above the tank bodies and used for collecting infrared images of the tank bodies, all the infrared cameras are electrically connected with the infrared control box, the infrared control box is electrically connected with the upper computer, and the upper computer is electrically connected with a plurality of sound-light alarm devices which are in one-to-one correspondence with the tank bodies and used for alarming the liquid level heights in the tank bodies. The front end of the tank body is provided with an anti-shielding detection device used for detecting whether a transport vehicle passes by or not, and when the anti-shielding detection device detects that the transport vehicle passes by, the upper computer controls the dust removal system to be started. According to the invention, cinder ladle discharge monitoring can be realized, the safety risk of equipment and personnel is reduced, and the cinder ladle alternation efficiency is improved.

The invention discloses a method for cooperatively treating dross through graded smelting and oxidizing roasting, and relates to the technical field of pyrometallurgy, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: (1) smelting copper dross, and settling lead liquid to obtain lower-layer metal lead and upper-layer dross; and (2) putting the upper-layer dross into a converter, and sequentially carrying out oxidizing roasting and reduction smelting to obtain copper matte and lead bullion. According to the method, a two-stage process framework for improving the copper grade through smelting pot layering and converter deep lead removal is created for the first time, natural sedimentation layering of the lead liquid and the waste residues is achieved through the smelting pot by means of the density difference of molten substances, and metal and impurity phases are effectively separated; by means of the method, the lead liquid closed-loop circulation system improves the lead recovery rate to 97% or above, and the final copper grade of matte is improved to 55%-65%.

The invention provides a spring damping device for a metallurgical furnace, and belongs to the field of pyrometallurgical equipment. The device comprises an upper bearing plate, a lower bearing plate, vibration reduction pieces and a force bearing structure, round holes allowing the suspender to penetrate through are formed in the middle of the lower bearing plate and the middle of the upper bearing plate, positioning holes are symmetrically formed in the four corners of the lower bearing plate and the four corners of the upper bearing plate, the vibration reduction pieces are inserted into the positioning holes, and the force bearing structure comprises a lower nut and an upper nut which are used for locking the suspender. The device is arranged on the steel structure girder of the factory building, the uptake flue is hung at the lower end of the hanging rod, and through the buffering effect of the vibration reduction piece, vibration on a furnace body is prevented from being transmitted to the steel structure girder of the factory building through the hanging rod to cause resonance of the factory building; therefore, potential safety hazards caused by vibration of a workshop are avoided.

The invention is in the field of pyrometallurgy and describes a process for the recovery of lithium by fuming. The process comprises smelting Li-ion batteries or their waste in a furnace with slag formers, resulting in a molten bath with distinct alloy and slag phases, and flue dust. Notably, at least 30% of the lithium is transferred to the flue dust under the chosen conditions without adding alkali or earth alkali halides. Li can then be recovered from the flue dust, valuable metals, such as Co and / or Ni, can be recovered from the alloy, and the remaining slag can be used in new smelting or Li- fuming operations.

The invention discloses a method and a device for recovering sulfur and valuable metals based on plasma cracking sulfide ore in the field of sulfide ore resource recycling, and the method comprises the following steps: step 1) crushing the sulfide ore to 200-400 meshes through a raw material pretreatment system, and premixing the crushed sulfide ore with a carbon source according to a C / S molar ratio of 1.2-1.5; and step 2), feeding the premixed raw materials into a plasma reactor, reacting in a high-temperature field (the temperature of a main discharge region is 8000 + / -500K) generated by a multi-stage arc, controlling the reaction retention time to be 0.5-1.2 seconds, and controlling the high-temperature region to maintain cracking and the medium-temperature region to promote CS2 synthesis through a sectional temperature control module. Compared with a traditional method, the recovery rate is remarkably improved, and the utilization efficiency of sulfide ore resources is greatly improved. And meanwhile, by utilizing the advantage of instantaneous heating of the plasma, the energy consumption is further reduced, the production cost is reduced, SO2 emission is thoroughly avoided, the problem of environmental pollution of traditional pyrogenic process smelting is solved from the source, and remarkable environmental protection benefits are achieved.

The invention relates to the technical field of pyrometallurgy flue gas detection, in particular to a smelting flue gas sampling tube. An outer wall sleeve of the sampling tube is sleeved outside the sampling tube, a plurality of heating grooves are arranged around the sampling tube, the axes of the heating grooves are parallel to the axis of the sampling tube, heating rods extend into the heating grooves, sealing covers seal the end parts of the heating grooves, the other ends of the heating rods penetrate through the sealing covers, and the end part, positioned outside the heating groove, of each heating rod is connected with a power line. The heating rod is arranged in the sampling pipe, the heating groove is filled with heat conduction oil, a gap between the sampling pipe and the outer wall sleeve is filled with casting aluminum, and the heating rod, the heat conduction oil, the heating groove, the casting aluminum and the sampling pipe are sequentially heated through electrification of the power line, so that temperature control over gas in the sampling pipe is achieved. And in addition, the heating device is high in heat transfer efficiency and low in energy consumption and power consumption.

The invention discloses a method for preparing InP from ITO waste, and belongs to the technical field of ITO waste resource recycling. The method comprises the following steps: crushing the ITO waste, and leaching indium and tin by adopting sulfuric acid to obtain an indium-tin leaching solution; phosphoric acid is added into the indium tin leaching solution for selective precipitation, and indium phosphate precipitation is obtained; carrying out reduction roasting on the indium phosphate precipitate to obtain an InP crude product; the InP crude product is subjected to sulfuric acid leaching and impurity removal, and an InP product is obtained. According to the method, a wet extraction and pyrometallurgy combined process technical means is adopted, the ITO waste can be used as a direct raw material, the high-quality InP material can be synthesized through a low-energy-consumption and simple process path, resource utilization of the ITO waste is achieved, and the production cost of InP is reduced.

The utility model discloses a discharging device for molten slag of a nickel pyrometallurgy furnace, belongs to the field of pyrometallurgy furnace equipment, and solves the problems that a discharging chute of an existing nickel pyrometallurgy furnace occupies a large position, and different discharging chutes need to be arranged on different molten slag layers. The device comprises a discharge shell, two discharge channels are arranged in the discharge shell and penetrate through the two ends of the discharge shell, a surrounding cooling tank is further arranged in the discharge shell, and the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the cooling tank are connected with cooling pipes. The molten slag discharging device is simple in structure and stable in installation, discharging of the molten slag of different molten slag layers is achieved on the same device, water can be introduced for continuous cooling in the discharging process, the device can be continuously used, the molten slag can be cooled, workers are prevented from being scalded, and operability of discharging of the molten slag of the nickel pyrometallurgy furnace is improved.

The invention provides a metallurgical furnace for multi-stage smelting and dilution of copper-nickel sulfide ore, and belongs to the technical field of non-ferrous metal pyrometallurgy equipment. The device is provided with a first-stage space smelting area, a second-stage molten pool smelting area, a third-stage molten pool reduction smelting area and a fourth-stage depletion smelting area which are communicated in sequence; a feeding nozzle and a spray gun are arranged at the top of the first-stage space smelting area to realize material pre-oxidation and impurity volatilization, and a side-blowing spray gun is arranged in the second-stage molten pool smelting area to finish deep smelting and slag-matte separation; a third-stage molten pool reduction smelting area is provided with a spray gun to create a reducing atmosphere, and impurities such as lead and zinc are selectively reduced and volatilized to be removed; a controllable polarity electrode and a sulfuration reducing agent feeding hole are arranged at the top of the fourth-stage depletion smelting area, so that electromagnetic stirring, chemical reduction sulfuration and the like are realized. Through multi-zone collaborative design and functional coupling, the problems that in the existing copper-nickel sulfide ore pyrogenic process, the smelting strength is improved, the adaptability to raw materials is poor, the slag dilution efficiency is low, and impurity valuable metal elements are difficult to enrich are solved.

The present invention belongs to the field of pyrometallurgy and discloses a method and slag suitable for recovering Ni and Co from Li-ion batteries or their waste, in particular from battery black powder. The slag composition is defined as follows: 25% <MnO<70%;Al2O3+0.5MnO<45%;SiO2> 5%; Li2O>1%; 0.5% <P2O5<10%;MnO+Li2O+Al2O3+CaO+SiO2+FeO+MgO+P2O5> 90%; and wherein (CaO+2Li2O+0.4MnO) / SiO2≥2.0. This composition is particularly suitable for limiting or avoiding wear or corrosion of furnaces lined with magnesia-containing refractory bricks.

The utility model relates to a sulfur dioxide flue gas acid liquor recovery device, which belongs to the technical field of non-ferrous metallurgy pyrometallurgy equipment, and comprises a flue gas pipeline, a half-month liquor collection box is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the flue gas pipeline, a liquor collection baffle is fixedly arranged on the inner bottom wall of the flue gas pipeline, a liquor discharge pipe is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the half-month liquor collection box, and the liquor discharge pipe is fixedly arranged on the bottom of the half-month liquor collection box. A wire mesh demister is fixedly installed on one side of the liquid collecting baffle, and a resistance reducing through hole is formed in one side of the wire mesh demister. According to the sulfur dioxide flue gas acid liquor recovery device, the liquid collection baffle is arranged in the flue gas pipeline, the half-month liquid collection box is arranged at the mounting opening in the bottom of the flue gas pipeline, the wire mesh demister is arranged on one side of the liquid collection baffle, flue gas is subjected to gas-liquid separation through the wire mesh demister, and after acid liquor in the flue gas is condensed on the liquid collection baffle, the acid liquor in the flue gas is recycled. And the flue gas freely falls into the half-month liquid collecting box and is discharged through the liquid discharging pipe, so that the acid liquid content in the flue gas is reduced.

The invention discloses a collaborative treatment method for low-concentration nickel-containing wastewater. The nickel-containing wastewater is pumped into a reaction tank, carbide slag is added under uniform stirring to carry out a neutralization precipitation reaction, copper slag is added, and ultrasonic collaborative catalysis is used to break the complex nickel, coal slag and pine sawdust are added and aged, and the pH value of the solution is adjusted to 8-9 with acid. The main components of the precipitated slag are nickel hydroxide and calcium sulfate. The precipitated slag is used as a slag-forming agent in the nickel-iron pyrometallurgy process, and the nickel in the slag is recycled to achieve the effect of no waste residue discharge. The method of the invention can reduce the concentration of nickel ions in the wastewater from 50-1500ppm to below 0.5ppm, with a nickel removal rate of more than 99.9%, and the nickel ion concentration in the wastewater meets the emission standard. The raw materials used in the invention are all general industrial solid wastes, the operation is simple, the running cost is low, and the method is economical and efficient. It complies with the national environmental protection concept of treating waste with waste and comprehensively utilizing solid waste resources, is suitable for removing nickel ions in wastewater, and has good application prospects.

The invention belongs to the technical field of batteries, and discloses a recovery method and application of a positive electrode material. The recycling method of the positive electrode material comprises the following steps that a waste lithium battery positive plate is pretreated, the positive electrode material is obtained, the positive electrode material comprises a positive electrode active material, conductive carbon and a binding agent, and the binding agent is an organic carbon material; and mixing the positive electrode material with a lithium salt, and calcining in a carbon dioxide atmosphere to remove the conductive carbon and the organic carbon material and supplement lithium to the positive electrode active material to obtain the positive electrode material. The method provided by the invention can effectively remove the binder and the conductive carbon, and retains good electrochemical performance of the positive electrode active material. Meanwhile, in the calcining process of the lithium salt, in-situ lithium supplementation can be carried out on the positive electrode active material, so that the electrochemical performance of the recycled positive electrode material is improved. Compared with hydrometallurgy, pyrometallurgy and other methods, the method has the advantages of being good in economical efficiency, low in energy consumption and environmentally friendly.

The application discloses a method for preparing ternary precursors by jointly treating nickel-iron water and battery black powder, which comprises the following steps: dissolving the battery black powder in dilute acid to obtain a black powder solution; after sulfuration, the nickel-iron water is slowly added into the black powder solution, and acid liquor is added for leaching; during the leaching process, the pH of the leaching end point is controlled by using the battery black powder and / or battery black powder leaching residue; after the leaching is completed, hydrolysis and impurity removal are carried out; after the nickel-cobalt-manganese ratio is adjusted, ternary nickel-cobalt-manganese precursors are obtained through hydrolysis and co-precipitation. The method combines pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy, extracts high-value nickel in the nickel-iron water in pyrometallurgy by hydrometallurgy, and improves the nickel grade of the system; and pyrometallurgy provides the required heat energy for hydrometallurgy, thereby reducing energy consumption.

The invention belongs to the technical field of non-ferrous metal pyrometallurgy, and particularly discloses a method for conducting antimony low-temperature reduction through biomass in-situ pyrolysis and a special smelting furnace of the method for conducting antimony low-temperature reduction through biomass in-situ pyrolysis. A reduction area and a primary refining area are arranged in the furnace body in parallel; the reduction area and the primary refining area are separated through a partition wall, and a channel for liquid metal in the reduction area to flow into the primary refining area is arranged below the partition wall; a top blowing system is arranged at the top in the furnace body; the top blowing system comprises at least one sleeve type spray gun arranged at the top of the reduction area; the sleeve type spray gun is of a concentric sleeve structure and comprises a center channel and an outer-layer annular channel surrounding the center channel. Gas fuel and combustion-supporting gas are conveyed into the furnace body through the center channel, and powdery biomass fuel is conveyed into the furnace body through the outer-layer annular channel. The method has the advantages of low-temperature antimony reduction, remarkable energy conservation, environmental protection, low carbon emission, high metal recovery rate, continuous and efficient production, long equipment service life, high safety and the like.

The invention discloses a dressing and smelting combined method for efficiently recovering tungsten and molybdenum elements from alkaline leaching and autoclaving tungsten slag. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out centrifugal reselection pretreatment on the alkaline leaching and autoclaving tungsten slag; centrifugal gravity concentration concentrate is low-grade tungsten concentrate and can be used as a raw material to be returned to an alkaline leaching and autoclaving process, and gravity concentration tailings and an additive are sufficiently mixed and then roasted; and after the roasted product is ground and screened, water leaching treatment is adopted, and a solution containing tungsten and molybdenum and leaching residues capable of being subjected to building material treatment are obtained. According to the method, the problems that when the tungsten slag is treated through a single wet process, the concentration of acid and alkali liquid is high, waste water treatment and recovery are difficult, and the process is tedious are solved, the low-grade tungsten concentrate is obtained through centrifugal separation by adopting the method of combining gravity separation and pyrometallurgy, and efficient enrichment and separation of tungsten and molybdenum can be achieved by adding a proper additive into gravity separation tailings to conduct roasting and water leaching. The method is low in comprehensive cost and high in extraction efficiency, and has a good industrial application prospect.

The invention belongs to the technical field of copper pyrometallurgy, and particularly relates to a copper pyrometallurgy temperature anomaly recognition system and method based on machine learning and platinum-rhodium thermocouples, and the system comprises a platinum-rhodium thermocouple measurement module which is used for installing the platinum-rhodium thermocouples in a smelting furnace and measuring temperature data in the smelting process in real time; the data acquisition and transmission module is used for acquiring temperature data and transmitting the temperature data to the central processing system through a wireless communication technology; the machine learning temperature anomaly identification module is used for analyzing and processing the temperature data by utilizing a machine learning algorithm, establishing a temperature anomaly identification model and identifying abnormal temperature; and the early warning and control module is used for triggering an early warning mechanism and automatically adjusting the heating power and air volume parameters of the smelting furnace when the abnormal temperature is identified. By combining the high-precision temperature measurement technology of the platinum-rhodium thermocouple and the machine learning algorithm, real-time monitoring and accurate early warning of temperature abnormity in the copper pyrometallurgy process are achieved.

The application discloses a method for oxidizing and reducing smelting of zinc sulfide concentrate and relates to the technical field of pyrometallurgy, and comprises the following steps: step one, batching; step two, granulation; step three, oxidizing smelting; step four, reducing smelting, the zinc oxide melt after oxidizing desulfurization is added into a reducing side-blown furnace, granular coal is added, the proportion of the granular coal accounts for 15%-18% of the weight of the zinc oxide melt, oxygen-enriched air is introduced for reducing smelting, water gas generated in a producer is added into the upper space of the furnace, the volume ratio of furnace gas (H2+CO) / CO2 is controlled to be 1.5-2.0; step five, fuming; step six, condensation separation; and step seven, rectification. The water gas generated in the producer is added into the upper space of the reducing side-blown furnace, the volume ratio of furnace gas (H2+CO) / CO2 is controlled to be 1.5-2.0, the oxygen-enriched air can be completely combusted and a steady-state reducing atmosphere is formed, and the zinc vapor is prevented from being oxidized.

The invention discloses a lead-zinc material redox smelting method, which relates to the technical field of thermometallurgy, and comprises the following steps: step 1, proportioning; step 2, performing granulation; step 3, oxidizing and smelting; 4, reduction smelting is conducted, specifically, the desulfurized lead-zinc oxide melt is added into a side-blown furnace, pea coal is added, the pea coal accounts for 12%-14% of the weight of the lead-zinc oxide melt, oxygen-enriched air is introduced for reduction smelting, generator water gas is added into the upper space of the furnace, and the volume ratio of furnace gas (H2 + CO) / CO2 is controlled to be 1.5-2.0; step 5, fuming; step 6, condensation separation; and step 7, rectification. Generator water gas is added into the upper space of the reduction side-blown furnace, the volume ratio of furnace gas (H2 + CO) / CO2 is controlled to be 1.5-2.0, oxygen-enriched air can be completely combusted, and the possibility that zinc steam generates zinc oxide is avoided.

The present invention relates to a method for recovering lithium from a waste lithium secondary battery using a pyrometallurgical smelting method, which comprises a step for melting a waste lithium secondary battery containing nickel, cobalt, copper, and lithium, a flux having a melting temperature of 1,400° C. or less, and a lithium recovery agent to separate and obtain a slag, metal phase and lithium compound, wherein the lithium recovery agent includes at least one of chlorine and fluorine, and wherein the amount of each of nickel, cobalt and copper contained in the metal phase is more than 10 times compared to that of the slag.

The application discloses a kind of carbon thermal method high-efficiency clean production rare earth ferrosilicon alloy processes for direct current electric arc furnace, belong to rare earth pyrometallurgy field.For the problem that existing carbon thermal method process is not enough for the characteristics of direct current electric arc furnace equipment adaptation, the application proposes some systematic innovations as follows: first, rare earth concentrate physical beneficiation pre-enrichment combined with three-stage temperature control roasting;Second, "coke+charcoal+lanthanum carbon" ternary compound carbon and intelligent carbon balance control;Third, iron additive collaborative reduction to improve the conductivity of molten pool and alloy fluidity;Fourth, "coarse-medium-fine" grading and layered distribution to match the direction of direct current electric field;Five, slag and dust ash full-component resource recovery.The process of the application can reduce the comprehensive power consumption to 7500-8000 kWh / t, the rare earth yield is more than 96%, the single furnace daily output is increased by 12-18%, the dust emission concentration is less than or equal to 10 mg / m3, the solid waste comprehensive utilization rate is greater than or equal to 90%, and the high efficiency and cleanness of carbon thermal method production of rare earth ferrosilicon alloy for direct current electric arc furnace are realized.