Fire-refining method of crude bismuth

A technology of pyro-refining and coarse bismuth, which is applied in the field of pyrometallurgy, can solve problems such as polluting the operating environment, affecting the direct yield of bismuth, and complicated processing procedures, and achieves high direct yield, improved direct yield, and simple equipment Effect

Inactive Publication Date: 2015-12-02
KUNMING UNIV OF SCI & TECH +1
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  • Abstract
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  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The silver-zinc shell produced in the process of adding zinc and removing silver will take away part of the bismuth, which directly affects the direct yield of bismuth, and the silver-zinc shell needs to be further processed to recover the silver. The recovery rate is not high, and the treatment process is also difficult. It is very complicated, and the zinc brought in needs to be further processed
For the chlorination refining process, there are also many disadvantages, such as the chlorine gas that is introduced will hurt people, pollute the operating environment, and severely corrode equipment at high temperatures.

Method used

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  • Fire-refining method of crude bismuth
  • Fire-refining method of crude bismuth
  • Fire-refining method of crude bismuth

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0023] Such as figure 1 Shown, the method for this thick bismuth fire refining, its concrete steps are as follows:

[0024] (1) First, 800kg of crude bismuth (Bi93.50wt%, Pb5.73wt%, Ag0.64wt%, As0.215wt%, Sb0.134wt%, Cu0.433wt%, Te0. 164wt%) after melting and removing copper until the copper content in the rough bismuth is 0.0015wt%; the process of melting and removing copper is to melt the rough bismuth in the melting pot and remove the molten slag at 600 ° C, and the temperature drops to 500 Remove the copper slag for the first time at ℃, and remove the copper slag for the second time when the temperature drops to 350℃;

[0025] (2) Distill the crude bismuth after copper removal in step (1) under the conditions of pressure 10~30Pa and temperature 1050°C for 8 hours to obtain a crude bismuth (Bi98.99wt%, Pb0.63wt%, Ag0.008wt%) %, Sb0.011wt%, Te0.0033wt%, As0.0015wt%) and high silver coarse bismuth (Bi55.38wt%, Pb15.44wt%, Ag25.28wt%, Sb1.634wt%, Te0.844wt%, As0. 533wt%), ...

Embodiment 2

[0028] Such as figure 1 Shown, the method for this thick bismuth fire refining, its concrete steps are as follows:

[0029] (1) First, 1t of coarse bismuth (Bi82.65wt%, Pb11.77wt%, Ag1.04wt%, As0.65wt%, Sb0.55wt%, Cu0.53wt%, Te0. 76wt%) after melting and removing copper until the copper content in the rough bismuth is 0.0027wt%; the process of melting and removing copper is to melt the rough bismuth in the melting pot and remove the molten slag at 620 ° C, and the temperature drops to 530 Remove the copper slag for the first time at ℃, and remove the copper slag for the second time when the temperature drops to 370°C;

[0030] (2) The crude bismuth after the copper removal in step (1) is vacuum distilled for 12 hours at a pressure of 5~40Pa and a temperature of 1100°C to obtain a crude bismuth (Bi98.28wt%, Pb1.42wt%, Ag0.013wt%) %, Sb0.084wt%, Te0.0064wt%, As0.0022wt%) and high silver coarse bismuth (Bi33.92wt%; Pb24.86wt%; Ag34.65wt%; Sb1.46wt%; Te1.55wt%, As1. 03wt%), hi...

Embodiment 3

[0033] Such as figure 1 Shown, the method for this thick bismuth fire refining, its concrete steps are as follows:

[0034] (1) First, 500kg of crude bismuth (Bi96.34wt%, Pb2.31wt%, Ag0.34wt%, As0.27wt%, Sb0.083wt%, Cu0.12wt%, Te0. 11wt%) after melting and removing copper until the copper content in the rough bismuth is 0.0013wt%; the process of melting and removing copper is to melt the rough bismuth in the melting pot and remove the molten slag at 620°C, and the temperature drops to 510°C Remove the copper slag for the first time at ℃, and remove the copper slag for the second time when the temperature drops to 380°C;

[0035] (2) The crude bismuth after the copper removal in step (1) was vacuum distilled for 6 hours at a pressure of 10~30Pa and a temperature of 1000°C to obtain a crude bismuth (Bi99.26wt%, Pb0.44wt%, Ag0.005wt%) %, Sb0.54wt%, Te1.32wt%, As1.47wt%) and high silver coarse bismuth (Bi63.22wt%, Pb12.35wt%, Ag20.74wt%, Sb0.003wt%, Te0.0016wt%, As0. 0017wt%),...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a fire-refining method of crude bismuth, and belongs to the technical field of fire metallurgy. The fire-refining method comprises the following steps: liquating a crude-bismuth melt so as to remove copper; performing vacuum distillation again on the liquated crude-bismuth melt so as to remove impurities, such as lead and silver; performing chlorination refining; and finally performing refining so as to obtain refined bismuth. According to the fire-refining method disclosed by the invention, a vacuum distillation technique is adopted for replacing a procedure that zinc is added in a refining kettle so as to remove silver, and partial lead, antimony, tellurium and arsenic are removed, so that the labor strength of workers is reduced; through secondary vacuum distillation, crude silver with a high silver content can be directly collected in a vacuum furnace, and generated secondary crude bismuth can be recycled, so that the cost is greatly reduced; a subsequent zinc removing procedure is also omitted, and the amount of chlorine gas for subsequent chlorination refining is greatly reduced, so that harm to environment is reduced to a great extent, and the direct recovery rate of bismuth is increased; the whole technological process is safe and controllable, the operation is convenient, adopted equipment is simple, the universality of raw materials is high, the direct recovery rate of bismuth is high, and the slag yield is low.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a pyro-refining method for crude bismuth, which belongs to the technical field of pyrometallurgy. Background technique [0002] Bismuth metal is a silver-white brittle metal with poor ductility and easy powder formation. Its chemical properties are stable and it is an environmentally friendly material. It has important roles in the fields of ceramics, semiconductor materials, nuclear industry, chemical industry, fire protection and electrical facilities. effect. [0003] Coarse bismuth produced by reduction smelting, precipitation smelting and mixed smelting of bismuth ore contains many impurities. Even the bismuth-rich concentrate with high bismuth content, after smelting, its purity still cannot meet the requirements of users. The impurity components of crude bismuth are mainly divided into copper, lead, silver, arsenic, antimony, tellurium, tin, etc. They have a great influence on the properties of bismuth and cannot be use...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22B30/06
Inventor 刘大春李一夫杨斌戴卫平蒋文龙王飞速斌
Owner KUNMING UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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