The invention relates to a high-temperature-resistant thermal insulation and heat preserving ceramic coating and a preparation method thereof. The coating is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30-50 percent of film forming substance, 30-40 percent of high-temperature-resistant filler, 10-15 percent of hollow micro beads, 2-5 percent of thermal insulation fiber and 2-8 percent of aid and solvent. The coating has the toughness of an organic coating and the rigidity and hardness of an inorganic coating, has high adhesion, can be used at the high temperature of 400-1,200 DEG C for a long time, and is resistant to chemical reagents, acids, alkalis and oil. A coating film has high surface intensity, and can bear strong shear force without being damaged when a high-temperature pipeline is required to be connected mechanically. The coating has excellent heat preserving performance, and the surface temperature of a pipeline of 350 DEG C can be lowered to be below 100 DEG C by coating the coating outside the pipeline in the thickness of 4-6 millimeters. The coating can be widely applied to heat-resistant protection of the inner and outer surfaces of equipment such as high-temperature steam pipelines, metallurgy high-temperature furnaces, high-temperature valves, high-temperature containers and the like.