810results about How to "Reduce reactivity" patented technology

Novel transition metal complexes of iron, cobalt, ruthenium, osmium, and vanadium are described. The transition metal complexes can be used as redox mediators in enzyme-based electrochemical sensors. The transition metal complexes include substituted or unsubstituted (pyridyl)imidazole ligands. Transition metal complexes attached to polymeric backbones are also described.

Methods and compositions employing beta2-glycoprotein-1 (β2GPI)-derived peptides and combinations thereof effective in inducing mucosal tolerance to atheroma related antigens and effective in inhibiting inflammatory processes contributing to atheromatous vascular disease and sequalae are provided.

This invention relates to novel process of preparing chemically bonded composite hydroxide ceramics by exposing a thermally treated hydroxide ceramic to phosphate reagent and subsequent heat treating the resulting system to initiate a rapid chemical bonding reaction. Such combined hydroxide / chemical bonding process can be used to fabricate ceramics or ceramic coatings for a variety of high and low temperature applications, including corrosion protection, wear resistance, dielectric properties, metal reinforced ceramics, ceramic membranes, non-sticky surfaces, bio-active ceramics, thermal barrier ceramics, non-wetted surfaces, and others.

A method of modifying the force of contraction of at least a portion of a heart chamber, including providing a subject having a heart, comprising at least a portion having an activation, and applying a non-excitatory electric field having a given duration, at a delay after the activation, to the portion, which causes the force of contraction to be increased by a least 5%.

The present invention provides an epoxy compound that has a hydrocarbon backbone, that is water-soluble, and which does not contain an ether or ester linkage in its backbone. Examples of suitable epoxide agents include mono- or diepoxides that have the following basic formulas: where n=1 to 10.

The invention relates to materials for storing and releasing hydrogen and methods for preparing and using same. The materials exhibit fast release rates at low release temperatures and are suitable as fuel and / or hydrogen sources for a variety of applications such as automobile engines.

This invention relates to novel process of preparing chemically bonded composite hydroxide ceramics by exposing a thermally treated hydroxide ceramic to phosphate reagent and subsequent heat treating the resulting system to initiate a rapid chemical bonding reaction. Such combined hydroxide / chemical bonding process can be used to fabricate ceramics or ceramic coatings for a variety of high and low temperature applications, including corrosion protection, wear resistance, dielectric properties, metal reinforced ceramics, ceramic membranes, non-sticky surfaces, bio-active ceramics, thermal barrier ceramics, non-wetted surfaces, and others.

A chemically amplified positive resist composition contains as a base a carboxyl or phenolic hydroxyl group-containing resin soluble in aqueous alkaline solution, in which acid labile groups are incorporated into at least some of the hydrogen atoms on the carboxyl or phenolic hydroxyl groups so that the resin becomes insoluble or substantially insoluble in alkali, wherein the resin contains acid labile groups of at least two types, acid labile groups of one type are acetal or ketal groups, and acid labile groups of the other type are tertiary hydrocarbon groups or tertiary hydrocarbon group-containing substituents. The resist composition remains stable during vacuum standing after exposure to electron beams or soft x-rays, leaves minimal footings on chromium substrates, has an excellent sensitivity and resolution, and is thus suited as a micropatterning material for use in the processing of mask substrates.

An apparatus, process, coating, and filter for the accurate measurement of total mercury concentration in flue gas. In a preferred aspect, the concentrations of both elemental and oxidized mercury are preserved by the apparatus for analysis. Accordingly, embodiments of the present apparatus and process can be used to determine regulatory compliance or for process control measurement.

A method of cleaning a wellbore prior to the production of oil or gas, wherein the wellbore has been drilled with an invert emulsion drilling mud that forms an invert emulsion filter cake is disclosed. The method may include circulating a breaker fluid into the wellbore, where the breaker fluid includes a non-oleaginous internal phase and an oleaginous external phase, where the non-oleaginous phase includes a water soluble polar organic solvent, a hydrolysable ester of a carboxylic acid, and a weighting agent, and the oleaginous external phase includes an oleaginous fluid and an emulsifier, and where the hydrolysable ester is selected so that upon hydrolysis an organic acid is released and the invert emulsion of the filter cake breaks.

The invention relates to materials for storing and releasing hydrogen and methods for preparing and using same. The materials exhibit fast release rates at low release temperatures and are suitable as fuel and / or hydrogen sources for a variety of applications such as automobile engines.

The present invention relates to a process for preparation of a delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol compound or derivative thereof involving treating a first intermediate compound with an organoaluminum-based Lewis acid catalyst, under conditions effective to produce the delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol compound or derivative thereof. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a process for preparation of a cannabidiol or cannabidiolate compound involving reacting a first starting compound with a second starting compound in the presence of a metal triflate catalyst, under conditions effective to form the cannabidiol or cannabidiolate compound. The present invention also relates to a compound of the formula:where R8, R9, and R10 are the same or different and independently selected from the group consisting of H, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, or halo, with R1, R2, and R3 defined herein.

A method of cleaning a wellbore prior to the production of oil or gas is disclosed, wherein the wellbore has been drilled with an invert emulsion drilling mud that forms an invert emulsion filter cake. The method may include the steps of circulating a breaker fluid into the wellbore, where the breaker fluid includes an aqueous fluid, a water soluble polar organic solvent, a hydrolysable ester of a carboxylic acid, and a weighting age, and where the hydrolysable ester is selected so that upon hydrolysis an organic acid is released and the invert emulsion of the filter cake breaks.

An x-ray target pedestal assembly and a method of protecting the x-ray target from breaking down as a result of the extreme heat that is produced when an electron beam is aimed at the target to produce x-rays. The target is submerged in cooling fluid and is rotated by a constant flow of the cooling fluid over and around the target in order to dissipate heat. The fluid is guided by integrated flow diverters in the target cover. The target may also be protectively coated either in its entirety or along the electron beam path in order to further protect it from the heat of the electron beam impact or from breakdown as a result of attack of free radicals or other chemically reactive components of the cooling fluid which are produced in the extreme target environment.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a hypha / nanoparticle composite sphere material. The preparation method is characterized by comprising steps as follows: preparing a culture medium; adding 4-20 ml of a nanoparticle aqueous solution containing 1-10 mg of nanoparticles per milliliter to the sterilized liquid culture medium, evenly mixing the mixture, inoculating the mixture with strains, culturing the mixture for 48-96 h under conditions that the temperature is 15-35 DEG C and rotating oscillation is performed at the speed of 80-200 r / min to form a hypha / nanoparticle composite sphere material, performing filtration to remove a liquid, soaking solids, namely, hypha / nanoparticle composite spheres, with a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution for 12 h, washing the spheres with deionized water until the spheres are neutral, and then performing freeze-drying to prepare the hypha / nanoparticle composite sphere material. The composite sphere material prepared with the method is applicable to fields of industrial catalysis, wastewater treatment, biomedicine and the like and has the characteristics of low cost, high activity, easiness in recovery and the like.

The present invention provides nanofiltration membranes with reduced chemical reactivity that can be utilized in manufacturing processes where reactive feedstocks and / or products are utilized or produced. Methods of making and using the membranes are also provided.

The invention discloses an aerogel preparation method. The aerogel preparation method comprises the following steps of immersing gel into a solvent, putting the gel solution into a vacuum tank, and carrying out vacuum-pumping so that the solvent is evaporated in vacuum and after the solvent is completely evaporated, aerogel is obtained. The aerogel preparation method is a fast drying method. In vacuum-pumping, the solvent in the gel is fast volatilized so that a large amount of heat is taken away and a system temperature is reduced; reactivity of active groups in a gelskeleton is reduced; and irreversible collapse possibility is reduced. The gelskeleton has strong rigidity at a low temperature so that a gel structure is kept well. The aerogel obtained by the aerogel preparation method has low density, large porosity and a high specific surface area, and has standard features of aerogel prepared by a supercritical method.

The present invention provides methods for fabricating a stent using a chemical treatment to smooth, polish or strengthen the stent. One such treatment involves exposing the stent to acetone or a similar solvent. In certain embodiments, the additional step comprises placing the stent in a bath containing acetone, or a similar solvent, where the bath also contains the polymer the stent is composed of. The acetone bath step may be conducted at a temperature that is below the glass transition temperature. The present invention also provides for methods of fabricating a stent using an acetone bath that comprises poly (lactic) acid. Other embodiments provide for methods of fabricating a stent using an acetone bath that comprises poly (lactic) acid and polyethylene glycol.

Mixed-phase TiO2 nanofibers prepared via a sol-gel technique followed by electrospinning and calcination are provided as photocatalysts. The calcination temperature is adjusted to control the rutile phase fraction in TiO2 nanofibers relative to the anatase phase. Post-calcined TiO2 nanofibers composed of 38 wt % rutile and 62 wt % anatase exhibited the highest initial rate constant of UV photocatalysis. This can be attributed to the combined influences of the fibers' specific surface areas and their phase compositions.

The present invention provides a curing agent for epoxy resin containing a siloxane-modified phenol resin (3) obtained by dealcoholization condensation reaction between a phenol resin (1) and a hydrolyzable alkoxysilane (2). The present invention further provides an epoxy resin composition comprising an epoxy resin and the above-mentioned curing agent for epoxy resin. The present invention further provides a method for preparing a siloxane-modified phenol resin (3) characterized by subjecting a phenol resin (1) and a hydrolyzable alkoxysilane (2) to dealcoholization condensation reaction.

Disclosed is a metal gradient-doped cathode material for lithium ion batteries including a hexagonal-crystalline material body and a modifying metal. The metal gradient-doped cathode material is formed by coating modifying metal hydroxide on the surface of the hexagonal-crystalline material using a chemical co-precipitation method, then sintering the modifying metal hydroxide coated hexagonal-crystalline material. The modifying metal is different from the active metals, more concentrated on the surface, and gradually decreases toward the core of particle. A gradient-doped distribution is formed without any boundary or layered structure in the particle. The surface of the powder with more the modifying metal can effectively reduce the reactivity of the cathode material with the electrolyte in the lithium battery. Thus, the overall operation-stability and safety of lithium batteries are improved, and only a little amount of the modifying metal is needed, thereby avoiding the reduction of capacity and increasing the rate-capability and cycle-life.

The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and particularly relates to a lithium ion battery electrolyte and a lithium ion battery. The lithium ion battery electrolyte comprises a lithium salt, a non-aqueous organic solvent and an additive, wherein the additive comprises a functional additive A and an auxiliary additive, the functional additive A is provided with at least two sulfonic acid estersil groups or the functional additive A is provided with at least one sulfonic acid estersil group and at least one phosphoric acid estersil group or boric acid estersil group. The lithium ion battery prepared by the lithium ion battery electrolyte is excellent in positive / negative film formation, and the requirements of long cycle lifetime, good rate performance and adaptability to high- and low-temperature environment of the battery under high voltage are met.

A process is disclosed for forming a vinyl ester from a carboxylic acid and acetylene in the presence of a zinc carboxylate catalyst, wherein a mixture of carboxylic acid and zinc carboxylate catalyst is formed and the water content of the mixture is reduced to between about 0.02 wt. % and about 0.3 wt. %, prior to introduction of the acetylene into the reactor. Optionally, water is introduced into the reactor during the reaction to hydrate any anhydride by-product of the reaction present in the reactor to carboxylic acid reactant. Water is added during the reaction in an amount that is sufficient to convert the anhydride by-product to carboxylic acid reactant, but does not raise the amount of water in the reaction mixture to a level that will reduce the reactivity of the catalyst or reduce the rate of the vinylation reaction.

The present invention provides an energy ray-curable inkjet ink composition which is excellent in stretchability for a printed film and, at the same time, is excellent in curability, adherability and the continuous discharge property. The present invention relates to an energy ray-curable inkjet ink composition containing at least a coloring material, 8 to 60% by mass of a monofunctional monomer (A) having a glass transition temperature of lower than −25° C., 25 to 40% by mass of a difunctional oligomer (B) having an elongation rate of 130% or more at 25° C. when a single oligomer is polymerized, at least one kind of a photopolymerization initiator (C) selected from the group consisting of an acylphosphine oxide initiator (C-1), and a mixed initiator (C-2) of an α-aminoalkylphenone initiator and a thioxanthone initiator, and a surface tension conditioner (D).

Epoxysilanes are provided which contain at least one epoxy group, at least one hydrolyzable silyl group and one or more linkages containing a carbonyl group bonded to heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen with at least one such heteroatom being nitrogen, there being no such linkage in which both an epoxy group and hydrolyzable silyl group are directly or indirectly bonded to the same nitrogen heteroatom in the linkage.

The invention relates to electrolyte solution which can improve the swelling of a lithium ion battery; the electrolyte solution for improving the swelling of the lithium ion battery comprises three types of components: (1) lithium salt; (2) composite organic solvent of carbonate ester and cyclic lactone compounds; and (3) composite additive; the molar concentration of lithium salt in the electrolyte solution is 0.01 to 2 mol / L; the mass percentage of the composite additive in the electrolyte solution is 0.01 percent to 5 percents; in the lithium salt, one or more of the following substances coexist: LiBF4, LiN (CF3SO2) 2, LiC4F9SO3, LiN (CxF2x+1SO2) (CyF2y+1SO2) (x and y are natural numbers), LiB (C2O4) 2 or LiBF2C2O4. According to the invention, through the composition design of the electrolyte solution and the comprehensive application of composite organic solvent of carbonate ester and cyclic lactone compounds and the composite additive, the reactivity with a high nickel positive pole material is reduced, the swelling problem of a secondary lithium ion battery based on the high nickel positive pole material when in high-temperature storage is greatly solved, and the electrochemical properties of the lithium ion battery can be well displayed.

The invention discloses lithium secondary battery overcharge protection electrolyte and a lithium secondary battery. The electrolyte contains electrolyte lithium salts, non-water organic solvents, film forming additives and overcharge protection additives, wherein the film forming additives are at least one kind of materials from TMSP (tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphate) and DTD (dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide); the overcharge protection additives comprise oxidation and reduction shuttle type overcharge protection additives. The overcharge protection additives used in the electrolyte do not take part in any reaction process at the normal work voltage of 2.75 to 4.35V; when the battery charging voltage exceeds 4.4V, the oxidation and reduction shuttle type overcharge protection additives generate oxidation and reduction shuttle current distribution and voltage limitation on the surface of an electrode; the voltage is controlled to be within a range; the intense decomposition of the electrolyte inside the battery due to too high voltage can be avoided; further, the occurrence of safety problems of combustion, explosion and the like of the battery can be prevented.

The present invention provides nanofiltration membranes with reduced chemical reactivity that can be utilized in manufacturing processes where reactive feedstocks and / or products are utilized or produced. Methods of making and using the membranes are also provided.

An educational game (and learning management system and methods pertaining to the same) can be configured for the effective teaching of advanced educational curriculum, such as STEM subjects for high school and above. The educational game is configured to integrate social context, real scientific principles and strategic tradeoffs within game mechanisms. This covert teaching and testing environment promotes exploration, individualized discovery, repeat engagement, and systems thinking and planning skills. The educational game can be dynamically and procedurally generated.