639 results about "Internal phase" patented technology

Methods are provided for forming a dispersion of substantially uniform droplets. An internal phase that includes a plurality of particles suspended in a first fluid is provided and an external phase including a second fluid is provided. The internal phase is vibrated and the internal phase is applied to the external phase. Either the internal phase or a combination of the internal and external phases form a series of droplets or complex droplets of substantially uniform size.

An electrophoretic medium has walls defining a microcavity containing an internal phase. This internal phase comprises electrophoretic particles suspended in a suspending fluid and capable of moving therethrough upon application of an electric field to the electrophoretic medium. The average height of the microcavity differs by not more than about 5 μm from the saturated particle thickness of the electrophoretic particle divided by the volume fraction of the electrophoretic particles in the internal phase.

A method of making high internal phase emulsions is described. The method forms high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) using a single pass through the static mixer. In alternative embodiments, the HIPE may be further processed to farther modify the size of dispersed phase droplets, to incorporate additional materials into the HIPE, to alter emulsion temperature, and the like.

Disclosed herein are novel electrophoretic displays and materials useful in fabricating such displays. In particular, novel encapsulated displays are disclosed. Particles encapsulated therein are dispersed within a suspending, or electrophoretic, fluid. This fluid may be a mixture of two or more fluids or may be a single fluid. The displays may further comprise particles dispersed in a suspending fluid, wherein the particles contain a liquid. In either case, the suspending fluid may have a density or refractive index substantially matched to that of the particles dispersed therein. Finally, also disclosed herein are electro-osmotic displays. These displays comprise at least one capsule containing either a cellulosic or gel-like internal phase and a liquid phase, or containing two or more immiscible fluids. Application of electric fields to any of the electrophoretic displays described herein affects an optical property of the display.

An absorbent article having an ultimate fluid storage region and a fluid distribution region, positioned between the ultimate storage region and the garment oriented surface of the article, in fluid communication with the ultimate fluid storage region, the ultimate fluid storage region includes a material which has: (1) a Capillary Sorption Desorption Capacity at 100 cm (CSDC 100) of at least 10 g / g; (2) a Capillary Sorption Desorption Capacity at 0 cm (CSDC 0) higher than the CSDC 100; (3) a Loosely Bound Liquid Capacity (LBLC); and (4) a Capillary Sorption Desorption Release Height when 50% of the LBLC are released (CSDRH 50) less than 60 cm. Further, the liquid distribution layer material has a Capillary Sorption Absorption Height at 30% of its maximum capacity (CSAH 30) of at least 35 cm. Distribution material can be foam materials, particularly those derived from high internal phase water-in-oil emulsions.

Disclosed herein are novel electrophoretic displays and materials useful in fabricating such displays. In particular, novel encapsulated displays are disclosed. Particles encapsulated therein are dispersed within a suspending, or electrophoretic, fluid. This fluid may be a mixture of two or more fluids or may be a single fluid. The displays may further comprise particles dispersed in a suspending fluid, wherein the particles contain a liquid. In either case, the suspending fluid may have a density or refractive index substantially matched to that of the particles dispersed therein. Finally, also disclosed herein are electro-osmotic displays. These displays comprise at least one capsule containing either a cellulosic or gel-like internal phase and a liquid phase, or containing two or more immiscible fluids. Application of electric fields to any of the electrophoretic displays described herein affects an optical property of the display.

An electrophoretic medium comprises discrete droplets of an electrophoretic internal phase comprising a fluid and carbon black particles in the fluid. The droplets are surrounded by a polyurethane binder formed by a diisocyanate and a polyether diol, at least 20 mole per cent of the diisocyanate being an aromatic diisocyanate.

Hydraulic fracturing of wells by injecting a degradable polymer phase as a fracturing fluid is provided. Composition and degree of polymerization of the degradable polymer and the selection of additives may be varied to adjust the viscosity, degradation time and other properties of the fracturing fluid. Viscous degradable fluid or pellets of degradable polymer may be placed in a wellbore as an internal phase in a low viscosity carrier fluid. A polymer-continuous liquid phase may be formed at a selected location in the wellbore, usually near perforations, before the polymer phase is pressured into a formation to form a hydraulic fracture.

A pharmaceutical composition comprises (a) an antibacterial agent in an antibacterially effective amount, illustratively comprising clindamycin or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof, and (b) an antifungal agent in an antifungally effective amount, illustratively comprising butoconazole or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof. The composition is adapted for application in a unit dose amount to a vulvovaginal surface and has at least one nonlipoidal internal phase and at least one lipoidal external phase that is bioadhesive to the vulvovaginal surface. The composition is useful for administration to a vulvovaginal surface to treat a mixed bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis infection.

Polymeric nanoemulsions facilitate flow and reduce drag and friction in multiphase pipelines containing both oil and water (e.g., oil / water, oil / water / gas, oil / water / solids, and oil / water / gas / solids) such as are used for oil or gas production, gathering, and transmission; hydrotransport of oilsand or heavy oil slurries and the like. Specific examples of suitable drag reducing polymers include polyacrylamide. The emulsions have a hydrocarbon external phase, droplets of an aqueous internal phase having water-soluble polymer dissolved therein, where the droplets have an average particle size below about 200 nm, and at least one surfactant to form a stable nanoemulsion. The nanoemulsions advantageously have a low viscosity of about 200 cP or less.

The present disclosure generally relates to moisturizing hand sanitizers including alcohols that are effective in killing microorganisms while providing a moisturizing benefit to the user's skin. More particularly, the alcohol-based hand sanitizers include a high internal phase emulsion which allows moisturizers or skin protectants such as emollients and / or silicones to be stably incorporated into the sanitizer.

The present invention relates to a porous crosslinked hydrophilic polymeric material having cavities joined by interconnecting pores wherein at least some of the cavities at the interior of the material communicate with the surface of the material. The present invention also relates to a process for producing the polymeric material. This process involves combining a hydrophilic monomer phase with an oil discontinuous phase to form an emulsion, and polymerizing the emulsion. The emulsion can be a high internal phase emulsion (i.e., a "HIPE"). The polymeric material can be produced in a variety of forms. In one embodiment the emulsion is suspended in an oil suspension medium, and emulsion droplets are polymerized to produce polymeric microbeads.

An electrophoretic medium has walls defining a microcavity containing an internal phase. This internal phase comprises electrophoretic particles suspended in a suspending fluid and capable of moving therethrough upon application of an electric field to the electrophoretic medium. The average height of the microcavity differs by not more than about 5 μm from the saturated particle thickness of the electrophoretic particle divided by the volume fraction of the electrophoretic particles in the internal phase.

Hydraulic fracturing of wells by injecting a degradable polymer phase as a fracturing fluid is provided. Composition and degree of polymerization of the degradable polymer and the selection of additives may be varied to adjust the viscosity, degradation time and other properties of the fracturing fluid. Viscous degradable fluid or pellets of degradable polymer may be placed in a wellbore as an internal phase in a low viscosity carrier fluid. A polymer-continuous liquid phase may be formed at a selected location in the wellbore, usually near perforations, before the polymer phase is pressured into a formation to form a hydraulic fracture.

A High Internal Phase Emulsion (HIPE) foam having cellulose nanoparticles.

An electrophoretic medium (102) comprises a plurality of capsules (104), each capsule comprising an internal phase comprising a plurality of electrophoretically mobile particles (106, 108) in a gaseous suspending medium, and a capsule wall surrounding the internal phase. Various processes for producing such an electrophoretic medium are also described.

Gelled emulsions contain (i.) an external phase of an aqueous water-soluble solvent solution, polymeric viscosifying agent and, optionally, an oxidative and / or acidic breaker; and (ii.) an internal phase of a dispersed organic fluid. The aqueous water-soluble solvent solution constitutes between from about 15 to about 50 volume percent of the gelled emulsion and the dispersed organic fluid is presented in the gelled emulsion in amounts ranging from about 50 to about 85 volume percent. The gelled emulsions are useful in a variety of applications including, but not limited to, oil field, pipeline and processing facility applications.

The present invention is directed to a method for improving the performance of an electrophoretic display, which method comprises adding a fluorinated quaternary nitrogen salt in either the internal phase or the continuous phase in a microencapsulation process for the formation of pigment-containing microparticles. One or more of the following materials may be further added to the internal phase or continuous phase in the microencapsulation process: a fluorinated protective colloid, a second charge controlling agent or a second monomer or oligomer.

The invention discloses a W / O / W type active viscous oil blocking agent. The blocking agent comprises internal phase water, viscous oil and external phase water. A nonionic surfactant is adopted between the internal phase water and the viscous oil. An ionic surfactant is adopted between the viscous oil and the external phase water. According to the invention, a W / O / W composite structure is adopted, W / O with a relatively large viscosity is coated by the external phase water layer, such that defects in prior arts of high viscosity, high construction pressure and poor selectivity upon an oil-water layer during an active viscous oil blocking agent injection process are overcome. With the blocking agent provided by the invention, the ground fluidity is good, and the injection pressure is low. When the blocking agent enters the stratum, the emulsion is demulsified, and W / O emulsion with a high viscosity is released, such that oil well water exits can be effectively blocked, and defects of existing active viscous oil blocking agents are overcome. The technical scheme provided by the invention is especially suitable for technical features of offshore oilfields.

Modified release oil in water emulsions that delivers drugs to a target tissue. The emulsions according to the present invention contain the lipophilic active ingredient completely dissolved into the hydrophobic internal phase stabilised by a polymeric surfactant. The presence of this polymer around the hydrophobic droplets avoids the migration of the active ingredient into the external hydrophilic phase and, consequently, its re-crystallization.

There is provided a semiconductor storage device which is capable of further reducing a size of a memory cell, and increasing a storage capacity. Plural memory cells each including a transistor formed on a semiconductor substrate, and a variable resistive device having a resistance value changed by voltage supply and connected between source and drain terminals of the transistor are arranged longitudinally and in an array to configure a three-dimensional memory cell array. A memory cell structure has a double channel structure in which an inside of a switching transistor is filled with a variable resistance element, particularly, a phase change material. The switching transistor is turned off by application of a voltage to increase a channel resistance so that a current flows in the internal phase change material to operate the memory.

A method for delivering a High Internal Phase Emulsion to a substrate. The method includes providing a rotating roll, The rotating roll has a central longitudinal axis, wherein the rotating roll rotates about the central longitudinal axis, an exterior surface defining an interior region and substantially surrounding the central longitudinal axis, and a vascular network configured for transporting the one or more fluids in a predetermined path from the interior region to the exterior surface of the rotating roll. The method further includes providing a High Internal Phase Emulsion to the rotating roll vascular network. The method further includes contacting a substrate with the rotating roll and contacting the substrate with the High Internal Phase Emulsion.

A gravel packing fluid and method for gravel packing a wellbore using a gravel packing fluid comprising an invert emulsion comprising oil as an external phase, clear brine as an internal phase, and a quantity of emulsifier effective to produce a stable invert emulsion, the external phase of the gravel packing fluid further comprising gravel wetting agent.

An absorbent structure having HIPE foam that comprises polyurethane foam.

Described is a way to reduce solvent usage in solvent-dominated oil recovery processes through the use of an emulsion. Injection of an emulsion into an oil reservoir is performed as an alternative or supplement to solvent injection to minimize solvent usage per unit amount of oil recovered. The emulsion may contain solvent and the solvent may form an external-phase of the emulsion. A solvent-external emulsion may be injected and formed using an aqueous liquid or a gas as the internal phase. The emulsion may be an aqueous-external, vapor-internal emulsion with solvent being injected separately or simultaneously. Polymer may be added to viscosify the emulsions and use them for flow diversion in a solvent-dominated process.

The invention provides a microfluidic device and a method for preparing microgel by using the microfluidic device. The method comprises the steps of (1) taking a solution containing live cells or bioactive molecules, a photocuring agent and a hydrogel prepolymer as an internal phase, taking a mixed solution containing oil and an surfactant as an intermediate phase, and taking a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution as an external phase; (2) respectively conveying the internal phase, the intermediate phase and the external phase into a corresponding microchannel of the microfluidic device through a micro pump or a micro injector to form a monodispersed water-in-oil-in-water double emulsion; (3) enabling the monodispersed water-in-oil-in-water double emulsion in the step (2) to pass through an output channel of the microfluidic device, and collecting the monodispersed water-in-oil-in-water double emulsion in the step (2) into a collection vessel filled with an aqueous solution, thus obtaining the microgel immobilizing with the live cells or the bioactive molecules. The preparation of the microgel immobilizing with cells by a one-step method is realized, the obtained microgel is controllable in size, and narrow in size distribution, and meanwhile the survival rate of cells is maintained.