1721 results about "Scandium" patented technology

High temperature aluminum alloys that can be used at temperatures from about −420° F. (−251° C.) up to about 650° F. (343° C.) are described herein. These alloys comprise aluminum; scandium; at least one of nickel, iron, chromium, manganese and cobalt; and at least one of zirconium, gadolinium, hafnium, yttrium, niobium and vanadiuim. These alloys comprise an aluminum solid solution matrix and a mixture of various dispersoids. These alloys are substantially free of magnesium.

Aluminum alloys having improved properties are provided. The alloy includes about 0 to 2 wt % rare earth elements, about 0.5 to about 14 wt % silicon, about 0.25 to about 2.0 wt % copper, about 0.1 to about 3.0 wt % nickel, approximately 0.1 to 1.0% iron, about 0.1 to about 2.0 wt % zinc, about 0.1 to about 1.0 wt % magnesium, 0 to about 1.0 wt % silver, about 0.01 to about 0.2 wt % strontium, 0 to about 1.0 wt % scandium, 0 to about 1.0 wt % manganese, 0 to about 0.5 wt % calcium, 0 to about 0.5 wt % germanium, 0 to about 0.5 wt % tin, 0 to about 0.5 wt % cobalt, 0 to about 0.2 wt % titanium, 0 to about 0.1 wt % boron, 0 to about 0.2 wt % zirconium, 0 to 0.5% yttrium, 0 to about 0.3 wt % cadmium, 0 to about 0.3 wt % chromium, 0 to about 0.5 wt % indium, and the balance aluminum. Methods of making cast aluminum parts are also described.

A protective barrier coating system including a diffusion barrier coating and an oxidation barrier coating and method for use in protecting silicon-based ceramic turbine engine components. A complete barrier coating system includes a thermal barrier coating of stabilized zirconia and an environmental barrier coating of an alloyed tantalum oxide. The oxidation barrier coating includes a layer of metallic silicates formed on a substrate of silicon nitride or silicon carbide to be protected. The oxidation barrier coating can include silicates of scandium, ytterbia or yttrium. The oxidation barrier coating may also include an inner layer of Si₂ON₂ between the diffusion barrier and the metallic silicate layer. The oxidation barrier coating can be applied to the substrate by spraying, slurry dipping and sintering, by a sol-gel process followed by sintering, by plasma spray, or by electron beam-physical vapor deposition. The diffusion layer of essentially pure Si₃N₄ can be applied to the substrate to prevent the migration of damaging cations from the protective layers to the substrate and is preferably formed by chemical vapor deposition. A method for protecting silicon based substrates can comprise a step of forming an oxidation barrier coating on a substrate, where a step of forming the oxidation barrier includes a step of sintering the oxidation barrier and substrate in a wet gas containing hydrogen.

The invention relates to a preparation method for preparing nano-scale oxidized zinc powder with high conductivity. The method simultaneously drip mixed salt solution of zincic soluble salt and doping elements such as aluminum, gallium, indium, Yt, scandium, tin, germanium, silicon, as well as precipitating agent into water, to generate coprecipitation to generate doped zinc bloom precursor basic zinc carbonate in condition of controlling temperature and PH value of entire reaction system, and at last, calcining the product in mixed gas atmospheres of hydrogen gas and argon gas, doped superfine zinc bloom conductive powder material can be obtained. The powder material prepared by the invention has small particle-size, uniform grain fineness distribution, and which mean particle diameter is about 10 to 80 nanometer. The electric volume resistivity of the powder can reach 2.5*10^-3 omega.cm, thus its electro conductivity is better than the sample prepared by plasma method and gas-phase method in current market. The preparation method further enhances whiteness degree and conductivity of the oxidized zinc powder, and further reduces the cost.

The invention relate to a method of extracting scandium from red mud, the method utilize the red mud that come from the process of producing aluminum oxide from alumyte, in accordance with specific characteristics of red mud, applying hydrochloric acid leach, P204 abstraction, acid-washing edulcoration, sodium-hydroxide back extraction, ammonia modifier hydrolytic decomposition zirconium and titanate in hydrochloric acid solution, oxalic acid precipitating scandium and medium temperature calcining technique, the purity of final production Sc2O3 is 99.9%. Extracting scandium from red mud change refuse into available material, save mineral resources, benefiting environmental conservation. The invention also fills up the study vacant of isolation technique in high-strength zirconium titanate and scandium.

Hafnium oxide HfO₂ scintillator compositions are doped with titanium oxide and at least an oxide of a metal selected from the group consisting of Be, Mg, and Li. The scintillator compositions can include sintering aid material such as scandium and/or tin and a rare earth metal and/or boron for improved transparency. The scintillators are characterized by high light output, reduced afterglow, short decay time, and high X-ray stopping power. The scintillators can be used as detector elements in X-ray CT systems.

The invention relates to a method for extracting, separating and recovering vanadium, gallium and scandium in pickle liquor by adopting a total extracting method and using titanium dioxide hydrolysis waste acid to leach steel slag containing vanadium, comprising the following steps of: mixing and stirring titanium dioxide hydrolysis waste acid and steel slag containing vanadium to obtain leaching pulp; performing solid-liquid separation for the leaching pulp, totally extracting vanadium, gallium and scandium in filtered liquor with five-category return flow, then back-extracting vanadium and gallium with five-category return flow, neutralizing with ammonium bicarbonate or ammonia water, warning up, precipitating vanadium to obtain ammonium polyvanadate, repeatedly back-extracting and precipitating vanadium for precipitating-vanadium mother liquor, and then recovering gallium; and when a back-extracting vanadium and gallium organic phase is repeatedly totally extracted and back-extracted till the content of scandium in the back-extracting vanadium and gallium organic phase is 50-1000mg, recovering scandium. The invention has the beneficial effects that waste is treated with waste, namely vanadium, gallium and scandium are recovered by using titanium dioxide hydrolysis waste acid to leach steel slag containing vanadium, and the sulfuric acid cost is saved; the method has great social and economic benefits and low production cost for producing gallium and scandium; without roasting, no waste gas is produced, and three wastes can be discharged with corresponding standards.

A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device such as a thin film transistor using a crystal silicon film is provided. The crystal silicon film is obtained by selectively forming films, particles or clusters containing nickel, iron, cobalt, ruthenium, rhodium, paradium, osmium, iridium, platinum, scandium, titanium, vanadium, chrome, manganese, copper, zinc, gold, silver or silicide thereof in a form of island, line, stripe, dot or film on or under an amorphous silicon film and using them as a starting point, by advancing its crystallization by annealing at a temperature lower than a normal crystallization temperature of an amorphous silicon. A transistor whose leak current is low and a transistor in which a mobility is high are obtained in the same time in structuring a dynamic circuit having a thin film transistor by selectively forming a cover film on a semiconductor layer which is to become an active layer of the transistor and by thermally crystallizing it thereafter.

Cast aluminium alloys comprising 1.0-8.0% in weight magnesium (Mg), >1.0-4.0% in weight silicon (Si), 0.01-<0.5% in weight scandium (Sc), 0.005-0.2% in weight titanium (Ti), 0-0.5% in weight of at least one element or selected from the group consisting of zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), molybdenum (Mo), terbium (Tb), niobium (Nb), gadolinium (Gd), erbium (Er) and vanadium (V), 0-0.8% in weight manganese (Mn), 0-0.3% in weight chromium (Cr), 0-1.0% in weight copper (Cu), 0-0.1% in weight zinc (Zn), 0-0.6% in weight iron (Fe), 0-0.004% in weight beryllium (Be), and the remainder of aluminium with further impurities to an individual maximum of 0.1% in weight and totally maximally 0.5% in weight.

The invention relates to a multi-element microalloyed scandium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy series welding stick and a preparation method thereof. The components and the weight percentage of the multi-element microalloyed scandium-containing aluminum-magnesium alloy series welding stick are as follows: 4.0 to 6.0 percent of magnesium, 0 to 1.0 percent of zinc, 0.4 to 1.0 percent of manganese, 0.05 to 0.2 percent of zirconium, 0.10 to 0.40 percent of scandium, 0.10 to 0.40 percent of erbium and/or yttrium and the rest is aluminum. The Al-Mg welding stick applied by the invention has the advantages that: (1) the tissues of the welding line are uniformly thinned into spherical grains and have higher thermal stability; (2) the thermal-cracking resistance is obviously enhanced; (3) the obdurability of a welding joint is excellent; (4) the welding joint has excellent resistance for the stress etching of ocean-atmosphere; (5) a welding technique window is enlarged.

The invention discloses a rare earth aluminum alloy, and a method and a device for preparing the same. The alloy contains at least one rare earth metal of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, lutetium, scandium and yttrium, the content of raw earth is 5 to 98 weight percent, and the balance is aluminum and inevitable impurities. The device for preparing the rare earth aluminum alloy is characterized in that: a) graphite serves as an electrolysis bath, a graphite plate is an anode, a tungsten bar is a cathode and a molybdenum crucible serves as a rare earth aluminum alloy receiver; b) the diameter of the tungsten bar is 30 to 55 mm; and c) the anode of the graphite consists of a plurality of graphite plates. The rare earth aluminum alloy, and the method and the device for preparing the same have the advantages that: the alloy has uniform components, little segregation and low impurity content; technology for preparing the rare earth aluminum alloy through fusion electrolysis can maximally replace a process for preparing single medium-heavy metal through metallothermic reduction, greatly reduce energy consumption and the emission of fluorine-containing tail gas and solid waste residue, improve current efficiency and metal yield and reduce the consumption of auxiliary materials and the energy consumption; and the rare earth aluminum alloys with different rare earth contents can be obtained by controlling different electrolytic temperatures and different cathode current densities.

An aluminum alloy that is not sensitive to quenching, for the production of high-strength forged pieces that are low in inherent tension, and high-strength extruded and rolled products, consisting of: 7.0-10.5 wt. % zinc, 1.0-2.5 wt. % magnesium, 0.1-1.15 wt. % copper, 0.06-0.25 wt. % zirconium, 0.02-0.15 wt. % titanium, at most 0.5 wt. % manganese, at most 0.6 wt. % silver, at most 0.10 wt. % silicon, at most 0.10 wt. % iron, at most 0.04 wt. % chrome, and at least one element selected from the group consisting of: hafnium, scandium, strontium and/or vanadium with a summary content of at most 1.0 wt. %. The alloy can also contain contaminants at proportions of at most 0.05 wt. % per element and a total proportion of at most 0.15 wt. %, wherein the remaining component includes aluminum. The sum of the alloy elements zinc and magnesium and copper is at least 9 wt. %. Furthermore, there can also be a method for the production of a high-strength semi-finished product low in inherent tension from this alloy.

A turbine engine component is provided which has a substrate and a thermal barrier coating applied over the substrate. The thermal barrier coating comprises alternating layers of yttria-stabilized zirconia and a molten silicate resistant material. The molten silicate resistant outer layer may be formed from at least one oxide of a material selected from the group consisting of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, scandium, indium, zirconium, hafnium, and titanium or may be formed from a gadolinia-stabilized zirconia. If desired, a metallic bond coat may be present between the substrate and the thermal barrier coating system. A method for forming the thermal barrier coating system of the present invention is described.

A silver-based alloy thin film is provided for the highly reflective or semi-reflective coating layer of optical discs. Elements that can be added to silver to produce useful silver alloys include zinc, aluminum, copper, manganese, germanium, yttrium, bismuth, scandium, and cobalt. These alloys have moderate to high reflectivity and reasonable corrosion resistance in the ambient environment.

A protective coating for a component comprising a ceramic based substrate, and methods for protecting the component, the protective coating adapted for withstanding repeated thermal cycling. The substrate may comprise silicon nitride or silicon carbide, and the protective coating may comprise at least one tantalate of scandium, yttrium, or a rare earth element. The protective coating may further comprise one or more metal oxides. The coating protects the substrate from combustion gases in the high temperature turbine engine environment. The coating may be multi-layered and exhibits strong bonding to Si-based substrate materials and composites.

An article comprising a substrate formed of a silicon-comprising material, such as an article exposed to the hostile thermal environment of a gas turbine engine. The article further comprises an environmental barrier layer, e.g., an alkaline earth metal aluminosilicate, and a physical barrier layer overlying the environmental barrier layer. The physical barrier layer comprises zirconia or hafnia stabilized with an oxide of a metal selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium, scandium, yttrium, and lanthanide metals; and a low CTE oxide selected from the group consisting of niobia and tantala; and mixtures thereof. A method for preparing an environmental barrier coating system on a substrate formed of a silicon-comprising material is also disclosed.

Ceramic materials with relatively high resistance to wetting by various liquids, such as water, are presented, along with articles made with these materials, methods for making these articles and materials, and methods for protecting articles using coatings made from these materials. One particular embodiment is an article that comprises a coating having a surface connected porosity content of up to about 5 percent by volume. The coating comprises a material that comprises a primary oxide and a secondary oxide, wherein (i) the primary oxide comprises a cation selected from the group consisting of cerium, praseodymium, terbium, and hafnium, and (ii) the secondary oxide comprises a cation selected from the group consisting of the rare earth elements, yttrium, and scandium.

The invention provides a metal propellant storage tank for spaceflight. The metal propellant storage tank for the spaceflight comprises a shell 1 and a metal diaphragm 2. The shell comprises a gas circuit joint 3, an upper semisphere 4, a connecting ring 5, a lower semisphere 6 and a liquid circuit joint 7, wherein the upper semisphere 4 and the lower semisphere 6 are connected through the connecting ring 5, the gas circuit joint 3 is connected with the upper semisphere 4, the liquid circuit joint 7 is connected with the lower semisphere 6, and the metal diaphragm 2 is in butt joint with the connecting ring 5. The overall shell 1 is made of the scandium aluminum magnesium alloy materials whose brand type is 5B70. The metal diaphragm 2 is made of pure aluminum. The invention further provides a manufacturing method of the metal propellant storage tank for the spaceflight. The metal propellant storage tank for the spaceflight solves the problems that the propellant storage tank is large in quality and low in structural efficiency, realizes the light design of the propellant storage tank, effectively reduces the weight of the storage tank, and greatly reduces the launch cost of a vehicle.

A protected anode including an anode including a lithium titanium oxide; and a protective layer including a compound represented by Formula 1 below, a lithium air battery including the same, and an all-solid battery including the protected anode:

Li_1+XM_XA_2−XSi_YP_3−YO₁₂  <Formula 1>

• • wherein M may be at least one of aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), indium (In), scandium (Sc), or chromium (Cr),
  • A may be at least one of germanium (Ge), tin (Sn), hafnium (Hf), and zirconium (Zr),
  • 0≦X≦1, and
  • 0≦Y≦1.

The invention discloses a method for comprehensively utilizing red mud, comprising the following steps: chloridizing roasting, namely roasting the mixture of the red mud, coal and calcium chloride; cinder treatment, namely obtaining magnetic iron slag and non-magnetic slag after magnetic separation is carried out to levigated cinder, and then separating the magnetic iron slag and non-magnetic slag; adding calcined soda or oxalic acid after levigation liquid and wash water are rich in mischmetal due to cyclic use, and then precipitating mischmetal slag; treatment of dry dust and circulation liquid, namely, after dry powder for roasting dust collection is collected, mixing the dry powder with scouring water which is used for tail gas circulation and then leaching soluble ScCl3 and GaCl3; after filter pressing, precipitating scandium by adding oxalic acid crystal in filtrate; carrying out filter pressing again, precipitating gallium and Ti(OH)4 by adding ammonia into the filtrate, dissolving obtained gallium-titanium slag with acid and then using P2O4 extractant to extract the gallium; and using extractant to extract the scandium after scandium precipitate is dissolved by acid, carrying out precipitation again by adopting back-extraction acid dissolving, and obtaining Sc2O3 by means of roasting. The method can realize recovery of valuable metals from the red mud, and secondary residual slag is totally used for building material production; and the method has environment protection effects and economic benefits, plays an important role in the development of recycling economy and is applicable to enterprises generating red mud.

The invention provides a method for comprehensively recycling such valuable metals as iron, aluminum, scandium, titanium, vanadium and the like in red mud. The method can not only be used for recycling such elements with higher contents in the red mud as iron, aluminum, silicon and the like, but also can be used for comprehensively recycling and extracting valuable metals with relatively lower contents such as titanium, vanadium, scandium and the like, effective elements in the red mud can almost completely utilized in high efficiency, the entire process flow achieves zero emission of the red mud, thereby meeting the requirements of energy saving and environmental protection, and no new pollution is generated in the entire process flow.