Straw row-returning strip rotary tillage ridging pressing device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and discloses a straw returning strip rotary tillage, ridging and pressing device which comprises a lightweight connecting frame serving as an installation foundation of the device and integrally designed to be hollowed out; the laser radar is embedded in the front end of the lightweight connecting frame and is used for scanning the advancing direction and providing topographic data; according to the device, straw returning, rotary tillage, ditching, sowing and pressing are completed at a time, integrated operation is achieved, the time consumed by multiple times of land entering operation of a traditional agricultural machine is shortened, the efficiency is improved by 30%-40%, and through laser radar terrain scanning and sensor feedback, the working efficiency is improved by 30%-40%. The rotary tillage depth, the ditching depth and the pressing pressure are automatically adjusted, the manual intervention time is shortened, terrain self-adaption is achieved, and the device has the advantages of being high in practicability and capable of achieving terrain self-adaption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and specifically relates to a straw row-forming strip rotary tillage, ridging and rolling device. Background Art

[0002] Traditional agricultural machinery mostly adopts a split operation mode in the links of straw treatment, soil tillage, seeding and rolling, etc. For example, equipment such as straw returning machines, rotary tillers, seeders and rolling rollers need to enter the field in sequence, resulting in fragmented operation processes and low efficiency, and multiple rollings are likely to damage the soil structure.

[0003] Regarding terrain adaptability, the prior art faces the following core problems: Fixed rotary tillage depth: Traditional rotary tillers adjust the blade penetration depth through mechanical limit rods, but the adjustment range is limited (usually 10 - 15 cm), and it cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the terrain slope. In hilly areas, a fixed rotary tillage depth is likely to cause too thin soil at the top of the slope and excessive deep tillage at the bottom of the slope, exacerbating soil erosion. Single rolling pressure: Existing rolling rollers mostly rely on their own weight to compact the soil, and pressure adjustment depends on adding or reducing counterweights, and cannot respond to terrain changes in real time. For example, insufficient rolling pressure on slopes is likely to result in poor contact between seeds and soil, while excessive rolling in plain areas causes soil compaction. Traditional equipment relies on manual experience to judge parameters such as soil humidity and straw coverage, lacking sensor feedback and automatic decision-making mechanisms. For example, the adjustment of furrow depth requires manual operation by the driver, and the error rate is as high as 20% - 30%, resulting in uneven seeding depth and affecting the emergence rate.

[0004] The deficiencies of the prior art in terms of terrain adaptability, operation efficiency and intelligence restrict the popularization of agricultural mechanization in complex terrain areas. This device provides an efficient solution for hilly, sloping and multi-type soil scenarios through an integrated dynamic adjustment and collaborative operation mechanism, promoting the extension of precision agriculture technology to diverse terrain scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a straw row-forming strip rotary tillage, ridging and rolling device to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A straw row-forming strip rotary tillage, ridging and rolling device, comprising: A lightweight connecting frame, serving as the installation foundation of the device, with an overall hollow design; A lidar, inlaid and installed at the front end of the lightweight connecting frame, for scanning the traveling direction and providing terrain data; A rotary tillage member, arranged in a lifting manner at the lower end of the lightweight connecting frame, for adaptively rotary tilling the soil; At least two groups of ridging members, detachably arranged at the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame, on which humidity sensors are integrally installed, and the ditching depth is adjusted according to the feedback data; At least two groups of air-suction planters, detachably installed at the rear end of the ridging members through a mounting frame, for sowing in the furrows; Multi-section pressing members, detachably arranged at the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame and located at the rear end of the corresponding ridging members, and the pressing force can be adjusted according to the pressing requirements; Among them, the device can adjust the tillage requirements according to different terrains, including but not limited to plains, hills, mountains and terraced fields, by dynamically adjusting the rotary tillage depth, ditching depth and pressing pressure to adapt to the tillage requirements of various terrains.

[0007] According to the above technical solution, the rotary tillage member includes: A central gear transmission box, movably installed through the lifting groove 1 in the middle position of the lightweight connecting frame, and the front end is fixedly connected to the output end of the tractor through a transmission shaft; Edge lifting seats, arranged symmetrically in a mirror image on both sides of the central gear transmission box, movably installed through the lifting groove 2 at the edge position of the lightweight connecting frame, with a jacking extension plate arranged at the top, a central open groove arranged in the middle and the central open groove runs through to the bottom; Rotary tillage knife shafts, symmetrically installed in pairs and movably on the side wall of the central gear transmission box; Rotary tillage knives, evenly distributed on the rotary tillage knife shafts, and the rotary tillage knives on adjacent rotary tillage knife shafts are arranged in a staggered manner; An electric telescopic cylinder 1, fixedly installed at the upper end of the lightweight connecting frame, and the output end is fixedly connected to the corresponding jacking extension plate, for adjusting the rotary tillage depth.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, the rotary tillage member further includes: A strengthening connecting plate, arranged between the central gear transmission box and the edge lifting seats, with cleaning grooves corresponding to the rotary tillage knives arranged at the bottom, and the cleaning grooves run through the front and rear ends for regular cleaning; Guide rails, symmetrically fixed in pairs on the side wall of the central gear transmission box, and movably installed in the guide grooves on the side wall of the lifting groove 1; Limit blocks, fixedly installed at the ends of the guide rails, for displacement limit.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, the ridging member includes: A fixed lifting seat, detachably installed at the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame; A disc-type ditching opener, detachably installed at the lower end of the fixed lifting seat, which includes: The fixed seat is fixedly installed at the lower end of the fixed lifting seat through bolts; The ditching discs are symmetrically and movably installed on both sides of the fixed seat, and the seed outlet end of the air-suction seeder is located in the middle area between the ditching discs; The straw pushing rods are fixedly installed at the lower end of the fixed seat, located in front of the ditching discs, and aligned with the symmetry line of the ditching discs to gather the straw to both sides of the strip; The soil filling plates are symmetrically and movably installed on both sides of the fixed seat, located behind the ditching discs; The humidity sensors are inlaid on one side of the soil filling plates adjacent to the ditching discs to detect the soil humidity in real time.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the fixed lifting seat includes: The tail connecting seat is fixedly installed at the rear side of the lightweight connecting frame through bolts; The lifting adjustment seat is movably installed through the middle position of the lifting groove three in the tail connecting seat, and a top extension plate is fixedly installed at the top; The electric telescopic cylinder two is fixedly installed at the upper end of the tail connecting seat, and the output end is fixedly connected to the top extension plate for adjusting the ridging depth.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the mounting frame includes: The lightweight support rods are integrally hollow and square-shaped, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the air-suction seeder, and fixedly installed on the side wall of the air-suction seeder through bolts; The positioning plates are fixedly installed at the ends of the lightweight support rods and are fixedly installed at the rear side of the tail connecting seat through bolts for stabilizing the position of the air-suction seeder.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the multi-stage compaction member includes: The replaceable compaction seat is detachably installed at the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame; At least two groups of compaction rollers are movably installed in the replaceable compaction seat through pressure adjusting members for multi-stage compaction of the soil.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, the replaceable compaction seat includes: The fixed diagonal braces are fixedly installed at the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame through bolts, and adjustment long grooves are provided through the ends thereof; The replacement seat is arranged between the fixed diagonal braces, and a placement area for placing the compaction rollers is provided at the bottom; The side plates are fixedly mounted on both sides of the replacement seat, and the replacement seat and the fixed diagonal brace are fixed by bolts. The position plate for fixing the pressure roller is fixedly mounted on both sides of the replacement seat, and the replacement seat and the fixed diagonal brace are fixed by bolts.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, the pressure regulating member includes: A movable connecting block is movably mounted in the lifting slot 4 on the side wall of the placement interval via a slider; a lifting positioning block, movably mounted in the lifting slot 4 and located above the movable connecting block; A spring, fixedly arranged between the movable connection block and the lifting and positioning block, and having a damper sleeved therein; The hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the lifting slot, the telescopic end is fixedly connected to the lifting positioning block, and is connected to the oil storage tank at the upper end of the replacement seat through a connecting pipe to adjust the suppression pressure.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, anti-sticking blocks are fixedly installed on both sides of the pressing roller, and the anti-sticking blocks are circumferentially distributed on the peripheral wall of the pressing roller. A scraper plate is fixedly installed at the lower end of the replacement seat, and the lower end of the scraper plate is located in the middle area of the anti-sticking blocks, which is used to prevent soil from sticking and keep the pressing roller clean.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) Significant improvement in operation efficiency: Straw rowing, rotary tillage, furrowing, sowing, and pressing are completed in one go, an integrated operation that reduces the time required for traditional agricultural machinery to enter the field multiple times, and increases efficiency by 30%-40%. Through laser radar terrain scanning and sensor feedback, the rotary tillage depth, furrowing depth, and pressing pressure are automatically adjusted, reducing manual intervention time and achieving terrain adaptation. (2) Optimization of precision and emergence rate: The air-suction seeder is aligned with the symmetry line of the furrowing disc, and the seeds fall evenly into the bottom of the furrow, reducing the seeding density error and achieving precise sowing. The multi-segment pressing roller compacts the soil in sections, ensuring close contact between the seeds and the soil, improving the emergence rate and achieving soil compaction and moisture conservation. The humidity sensor adjusts the furrowing depth in real time to prevent seeds from rotting due to excessive moisture or inactivation due to excessive dryness, thus achieving humidity adaptation. (3) Enhanced terrain adaptability: The plain mode combines shallow tillage (10-15 cm) with low-pressure compaction to prevent soil compaction and is suitable for shallow-rooted crops such as wheat and soybeans. The hilly mode combines deep tillage (15-20 cm) with high-pressure compaction to prevent soil erosion and is suitable for deep-rooted crops such as corn and potatoes. The multi-stage compaction rollers independently adjust the pressure, which improves the operating stability in hilly areas with a slope of ≤ 15° and increases the stability of slopes. (4)Maintenance convenience and modular expansion: Modules such as the pressing roller and seeder can be replaced within 5 - 10 minutes, suitable for different crops (such as no-till rice seeding) and soil types (clay, sandy soil). The rotary tiller cleaning tank and the scraping plate of the pressing roller reduce the residue of straw and soil, and the maintenance frequency is reduced. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] The drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 is the first three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is the second three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 is the third three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 is the fourth three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 is the first partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 6 is the second partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 7 is the third partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 8 is the fourth partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 9 is the fifth partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 10 is the sixth partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 11 is the seventh partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention; In the figure: 1 - lightweight connecting frame, 11 - first lifting groove, 111 - guiding groove, 12 - second lifting groove, 2 - lidar, 3 - rotary tillage part, 31 - central gear transmission box, 32 - edge lifting seat, 321 - jacking extension plate, 322 - central opening groove, 33 - rotary tillage knife shaft, 34 - rotary tillage knife, 35 - first electric telescopic cylinder, 36 - strengthening connecting plate, 361 - cleaning groove, 37 - guiding rail, 38 - limiting block, 4 - ridging part, 41 - fixed lifting seat, 411 - tail connecting seat, 4111 - third lifting groove, 412 - lifting adjustment seat, 4121 - top lengthening plate, 413 - second electric telescopic cylinder, 42 - disc type ditcher, 421 - fixed seat, 422 - ditching disc, 423 - straw baffle, 424 - soil filling plate, 5 - humidity sensor, 6 - air suction seeder, 7 - mounting frame, 71 - lightweight support rod, 72 - positioning plate, 8 - multi - section compressing part, 81 - replaceable compressing seat, 811 - fixed diagonal brace, 8111 - adjusting long groove, 812 - replacement seat, 8121 - scraping plate, 8122 - placing interval, 813 - side plate, 82 - compressing roller, 821 - anti - sticking block, 9 - pressure adjusting part, 91 - movable connecting block, 92 - sliding block, 93 - lifting positioning block, 94 - spring, 95 - damper, 96 - hydraulic cylinder, 97 - oil storage tank. Specific embodiments

[0018] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0019] Please refer to Figures 1-11 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a straw row - forming strip rotary tillage ridging and compressing device, comprising: A lightweight connecting frame 1, serving as the installation foundation of the device, with an overall hollow design; A lidar 2, inlaid and installed at the front end of the lightweight connecting frame 1, for scanning the traveling direction and providing terrain data; A rotary tillage part 3, arranged in a lifting and movable manner at the lower end of the lightweight connecting frame 1, for adaptively rotary tilling the soil; At least two groups of ridging parts 4, detachably arranged at the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame 1, on which a humidity sensor 5 is integrally installed, and the ditching depth is adjusted according to the feedback data; At least two groups of air suction seeders 6, detachably installed at the rear end of the ridging part 4 through a mounting frame 7, for sowing in the furrows; The multi-stage pressing member 8 is detachably arranged at the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame 1 and located at the rear end of the corresponding ridging member 4, and the pressing force can be adjusted according to the pressing requirements. Among them, the device can adjust the tillage requirements according to different terrains, including but not limited to plains, hills, mountains and terraced fields. By dynamically adjusting the rotary tillage depth, ditching depth and pressing pressure, it can adapt to the tillage requirements of various terrains. The device adopts a modular design, and each functional component such as the rotary tillage member, ridging member, pressing member, etc. can be quickly disassembled and assembled. Through bolt fixation and plug-in connection, users can complete the replacement of different components within 5-10 minutes, greatly improving the flexibility and adaptability of the equipment. For example, after completing wheat planting in the plain area, only need to disassemble the air-suction seeder and replace it with a no-till seeder, then it can quickly be put into rice planting operation. At the same time, the modular design allows users to choose different operation modes according to actual needs. For example, replace different types of pressing rollers (such as rubber rollers or steel rollers) to adapt to sticky soil or sandy soil to ensure the best pressing effect. By adjusting the rotary tillage depth, ditching depth and pressing intensity, the device is mainly applicable to the multiple planting requirements of corn crops, and can adapt to different planting requirements from shallow-root crops (such as wheat) to deep-root crops (such as corn). At the same time, the modular design enables each component to be independently maintained and replaced, avoiding the situation of the entire device being shut down due to the failure of a single component. Users can plan maintenance and replacement according to the usage situation and wear degree, thereby reducing the overall maintenance cost. This device features multi - terrain adaptability adjustment, enabling real - time adjustment of the rotary tillage depth. The device is equipped with electric telescopic cylinders, which can adjust the tillage depth of the rotary tillage blades in real - time according to terrain data. In plain areas, the rotary tillage depth is set at 10 - 15 cm to reduce energy consumption and soil disturbance; in hilly areas, the depth can be increased to 15 - 20 cm to ensure soil loosening and improve the emergence rate of seeds. It can achieve dynamic optimization of the ditching depth. By using a humidity sensor 5 to monitor the soil humidity in real - time, the device can dynamically adjust the ditching depth. In humid areas, the ditching depth is appropriately reduced to prevent seeds from being waterlogged; in arid areas, the depth is increased to ensure that the seeds come into contact with moist soil and improve the germination rate. It can achieve intelligent adjustment of the rolling intensity. The rolling part 8 adopts a combined design of a hydraulic cylinder and a spring damper, which can adjust the rolling intensity in real - time according to the terrain slope and soil type. On slopes, the rolling pressure is increased to prevent soil erosion; in plain areas, the pressure is reduced to avoid soil compaction. At the same time, users can easily switch between furrow sowing and ridge sowing by replacing the seeder and adjusting the position of the ditching disc according to actual planting requirements and climatic conditions. Furrow sowing is suitable for areas with poor drainage conditions, such as low - lying areas or regions with abundant rainfall. Furrow sowing helps seeds drain water and prevents seed rot caused by waterlogging, improving the emergence rate. Ridge sowing is suitable for crops that require good air permeability, such as corn and potatoes. Ridge sowing increases the soil air permeability, promotes root development, and improves crop yield; This device integrates multiple functions such as straw rowing, rotary tillage, ditching, sowing, and rolling, and can complete the entire process of operations from straw treatment to sowing and rolling at one time, significantly improving the operation efficiency. Through modular design and parameter adjustment, the device can adapt to the planting requirements of various crops such as wheat, corn, and rice, and supports multiple planting modes such as strip planting and no - till sowing. At the same time, the integrated operation reduces the energy consumption and time cost of multiple field entries, and also reduces equipment investment and maintenance costs, improving the overall economic benefits; Specifically, the rotary tillage part 3 includes: A central gear transmission box 31, which is installed in the lifting groove 11 in the middle position of the lightweight connection frame 1 in a penetrating and movable manner, and the front end is fixedly connected to the output end of the tractor through a transmission shaft; Edge lifting seats 32, which are symmetrically arranged in a mirror image on both sides of the central gear transmission box 31, are installed in the lifting groove 12 at the edge position of the lightweight connection frame 1 in a penetrating and movable manner, with a jacking extension plate 321 at the top, and a central opening groove 322 in the middle, and the central opening groove 322 runs through to the bottom; Rotary tillage knife shafts 33, which are symmetrically installed in pairs and movably on the side walls of the central gear transmission box 31; Rotary tillage knives 34, which are evenly distributed on the rotary tillage knife shafts 33, and the rotary tillage knives 34 on adjacent rotary tillage knife shafts 33 are arranged in a staggered manner; The first electric telescopic cylinder 35 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the lightweight connecting frame 1, and the output end is fixedly connected to the corresponding jacking extension plate 321 for adjusting the rotary tillage depth. Specifically, the rotary tillage member 3 further includes: The strengthening connecting plate 36 is arranged between the central gear transmission box 31 and the edge lifting seat 32. A cleaning groove 361 corresponding to the rotary tillage blade 34 one by one is arranged at the bottom. The front and rear ends of the cleaning groove 361 penetrate through for regular cleaning. The guide rails 37 are symmetrically and fixedly installed in pairs on the side walls of the central gear transmission box 31 and are installed in the guide grooves 111 on the side walls of the first lifting groove 11 in a lifting and movable manner. The limit blocks 38 are fixedly installed at the ends of the guide rails 37 for displacement limiting. Specifically, the ridging member 4 includes: The fixed lifting seat 41 is detachably installed at the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame 1. The disc-type ditch opener 42 is detachably installed at the lower end of the fixed lifting seat 41, and includes: The fixed seat 421 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the fixed lifting seat 41 by bolts. The ditch-opening discs 422 are symmetrically and movably installed on both sides of the fixed seat 421 in a mirror image. The seed outlet end of the air-suction seeder 6 is located in the middle area between the ditch-opening discs 422. The straw pushing rods 423 are fixedly installed at the lower end of the fixed seat 421, located in front of the ditch-opening discs 422, and are aligned with the symmetry line of the ditch-opening discs 422 to collect the straw to both sides of the strip. The filling plates 424 are symmetrically and movably installed on both sides of the fixed seat 421 in a mirror image and are located behind the ditch-opening discs 422. The humidity sensor 5 is inlaid on one side of the filling plate 424 adjacent to the ditch-opening disc 422 for real-time soil humidity detection. Specifically, the fixed lifting seat 41 includes: The tail connecting seat 411 is fixedly installed at the rear side of the lightweight connecting frame 1 by bolts. The lifting adjustment seat 412 is installed in the third lifting groove 4111 at the middle position of the tail connecting seat 411 in a penetrating and movable manner, and a top extension plate 4121 is fixedly installed at the top. The second electric telescopic cylinder 413 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the tail connecting seat 411, and the output end is fixedly connected to the top extension plate 4121 for adjusting the ridging depth. Specifically, the mounting frame 7 includes: The lightweight support rod 71 is integrally hollow and square, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the air-suction seeder 6 in a mirror image, and is fixedly installed on the side wall of the air-suction seeder 6 by bolts. The positioning plate 72 is fixedly installed at the end of the lightweight support rod 71 and is fixedly installed on the rear side of the tail connecting seat 411 by bolts, for stabilizing the position of the air-suction seeder 6. Specifically, the multi-stage pressing member 8 includes: The replaceable pressing seat 81 is detachably installed at the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame 1. At least two groups of pressing rollers 82 are movably installed in the replaceable pressing seat 81 through a pressure adjusting member 9, for multi-stage pressing of the soil. Specifically, the replaceable pressing seat 81 includes: The fixed diagonal brace 811 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame 1 by bolts, and an adjusting long groove 8111 is formed through the end thereof. The replacement seat 812 is arranged between the fixed diagonal braces 811, and a placement interval 8122 for placing the pressing roller 82 is formed at the bottom. The side plates 813 are fixedly installed on both sides of the replacement seat 812, and the replacement seat 812 and the fixed diagonal braces 811 are fixedly connected by bolts, for fixing the position plates of the pressing rollers 82, which are fixedly installed on both sides of the replacement seat 812, and the replacement seat 812 and the fixed diagonal braces 811 are fixedly connected by bolts. Specifically, the pressure adjusting member 9 includes: The movable connection block 91 is movably installed in the lifting groove four on the side wall of the placement interval 8122 through a slider 92. The lifting positioning block 93 is movably installed in the lifting groove four 8121 and is located above the movable connection block 91. The spring 94 is fixedly arranged between the movable connection block 91 and the lifting positioning block 93, and a damper 95 is sleeved inside. The hydraulic cylinder 96 is fixedly installed at the top inside the lifting groove four 8121, the telescopic end is fixedly connected to the lifting positioning block 93, and is connected to the oil storage tank 97 at the upper end of the replacement seat 812 through a connecting pipe, for adjusting the pressing pressure. Specifically, anti-adhesion blocks 821 are fixedly installed on both sides of the pressing roller 82, the anti-adhesion blocks 821 are circumferentially distributed on the peripheral wall of the pressing roller 82, and a scraping plate 8121 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the replacement seat 812, and the lower end of the scraping plate 8121 is located in the middle area of the anti-adhesion blocks 821, for preventing soil adhesion and keeping the pressing roller 82 clean.

[0020] The detailed functions of each component of this device are as follows: The lightweight connecting frame 1 has an overall hollow design and serves as the installation foundation of the device, providing interfaces such as the first lifting groove 11 and the second lifting groove 12. The modular interface design facilitates quick disassembly, assembly, and maintenance, and can perform support and integration: carrying core components such as the lidar 2, rotary tillage part 3, ridging part 4, and pressing part 8 to achieve modular installation; balancing lightweight and strength: the hollow design reduces weight, and at the same time, the structural strength is ensured through reinforcing ribs or local thickening; terrain adaptability: by adjusting the positions of each component on the connecting frame, it can adapt to plain or hilly terrains; The lidar 2 is embedded at the front end of the lightweight connecting frame 1 and is connected to the control system through cables. Combining terrain data, it realizes dynamic adjustment, improves operation accuracy, and can perform terrain scanning: real-time scanning of the terrain undulations, obstacles, and soil surface features in the traveling direction; data feedback: transmitting the terrain data to the control system for adjusting the rotary tillage depth, ditching depth, and pressing pressure; The rotary tillage part 3 includes components such as a central gear transmission box 31, edge lifting seats 32, rotary tillage knife shafts 33, and rotary tillage knives 34. The central gear transmission box 31 transmits the power of the tractor to the rotary tillage knife shafts 33 on both sides. The edge lifting seats 32 are arranged in mirror symmetry, with a jacking extension plate 321 at the top and a central opening groove 322 in the middle. It can provide auxiliary support: being movably connected to the lightweight connecting frame 1 through the second lifting groove 12 to enhance the stability of the rotary tillage part; The cleaning groove 361 has a through design to facilitate the cleaning of residual straw and soil after the operation of the rotary tillage knives 34. The rotary tillage knife shafts 33 and the rotary tillage knives 34 are symmetrically installed in pairs, and the rotary tillage knives 34 are staggeredly distributed. The staggered blades improve the soil breaking efficiency and at the same time gather the straw to both sides of the strip. The height of the knife shaft is adjusted by the first electric telescopic cylinder 35 to adapt to different soil hardnesses. The guide groove 111 cooperates with the guide rail 37 to ensure the vertical lifting of the rotary tillage part, and the limit block 38 prevents the rotary tillage part from overtraveling. The ridging part 4 includes a fixed lifting seat 41 and a disc-type ditching opener 42. The fixed lifting seat 41 serves as the support and adjustment base of the ridging part 4, connecting the lightweight connecting frame 1 and the disc-type ditching opener 42, providing a lifting adjustment function to adapt to different ditching depth requirements. The tail connecting seat 411 is fixed by bolts, and the lifting adjustment seat 412 is connected to the second electric telescopic cylinder 413. The second electric telescopic cylinder 413 drives the lifting adjustment seat 412 to adjust the depth of the ditching disc 422. The disc-type ditching opener 42 consists of a fixed seat 421, a ditching disc 422, a straw pushing rod 423, a soil filling plate 424, and a humidity sensor 5, performing integrated operations of ditching, straw gathering, soil covering, and humidity monitoring. The fixed seat 421 serves as the installation base of the disc-type ditching opener and is connected to the fixed lifting seat 41 by bolts to ensure the operation stability of the ditching opener. The ditching discs 422 are dish-shaped discs arranged in mirror symmetry, with an adjustable angle (usually 15° - 30°). When rotating, they cut the soil to form a V-shaped groove, ditching in the strip area after straw gathering to ensure that the sowing ditch width is consistent (such as a ditch width of 8 - 10 cm), and using the self-sharpening property of the disc edge to reduce soil resistance and adapt to high-stubble straw or hard soil conditions.The seed outlet end of the seeder is located in the middle area between the two furrowing discs 422 to ensure that the seeds accurately fall to the bottom of the furrow (seeding depth error ≤ 1 cm). The straw pushing rod 423 is pre-positioned at the front end of the furrowing disc 422 and aligned with the symmetry line of the furrowing disc 422 to gather the straw to both sides of the strip. The straw pushing rod 423 is arc-shaped or serrated, and the inclination angle is adjustable (such as 30° - 45°) to adapt to different straw lengths (such as 20 - 40 cm for corn straw and 10 - 20 cm for wheat straw). Its height matches that of the furrowing disc 422 to ensure that the straw does not obstruct the subsequent furrowing operation after being gathered. The straw gathering rate is ≥ 90%, forming a straw-free strip with a width of about 30 - 40 cm to avoid winding around the disc and reduce interference with the seedbed. The soil filling plate 424 is installed symmetrically by mirror at the rear end of the furrowing disc 422 to backfill the loose soil after furrowing into the seeding furrow, complete soil covering and shape the ridge. The angle is adjustable (such as tilting backward 10° - 20°) to control the soil covering thickness (such as 3 - 5 cm) to ensure uniform seed covering. The plate surface is smooth or designed with flow guiding grooves to reduce soil adhesion. According to agronomic requirements, a standard ridge shape is formed by adjusting the spacing of the soil filling plates (such as ridge height 15 - 20 cm, ridge spacing 60 - 70 cm) to promote drainage and root development. The humidity sensor 5 continuously monitors the soil humidity of the seedbed after soil filling and feeds back data to optimize the operation parameters. The humidity sensor 5 is embedded inside the soil filling plate 424, 5 - 8 cm away from the bottom of the furrow, in direct contact with the backfilled soil to ensure that the detection position is close to the seed layer. When the humidity is too high (such as > 30%), the linkage compaction member 8 increases the pressure to compact the soil to prevent seed rot. When the humidity is too low (such as < 15%), the compaction pressure is reduced or the furrowing depth is increased to improve the moisture retention capacity. The air suction seeder 6 is fixedly installed through the mounting frame 7. The modular design of the air suction seeder 6 supports replacement with a no-till seeder and can achieve seeding before compaction and seeding after compaction. The compaction member 8 mainly includes replaceable compaction seats 81, compaction rollers 82, pressure regulating members 9 and other components. The fixed inclined strut 811 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame 1 through bolts, and an adjustment long slot 8111 is opened at the end to allow vertical fine-tuning of the position of the compaction roller and facilitate replacement at the same time. The replacement seat 812 is located between the fixed inclined struts 811, and a placement area 8122 is provided at the bottom for installing the compaction roller 82. The side plate 813 fixes the replacement seat 812 and the fixed inclined strut 811 through bolts to ensure the stable operation of the compaction roller 82. Different types of compaction rollers (such as rubber rollers, steel rollers) can be replaced through the replacement seat 812 to adapt to the requirements of cohesive soil or hard soil. At least two groups of compaction rollers operate separately, and the pressure of each section can be independently adjusted. The anti-sticking blocks 821 are circumferentially distributed on the surface of the compaction roller, and are designed with protrusions or teeth to reduce soil adhesion. The scraping plate 8121 is installed at the bottom of the replacement seat 812, behind the compaction roller 82, for scraping the soil adhered to the roller surface. The hydraulic cylinder 96 is installed in the lifting groove 4 inside the replacement seat 812 and is connected to the oil storage tank 97 through a hydraulic oil circuit. The spring 94 and the damper 95 are installed in series between the movable connection block 91 and the lifting positioning block 93 to buffer the operation impact.The movable connecting block 91 slides in the fourth lifting groove through the slider 92, transmitting pressure to the pressing roller 82. The pressing roller 82 compacts the soil on the ridge surface by its own weight and hydraulic pressure, eliminating the voids in the soil after rotary tillage, promoting the contact between seeds and soil, and increasing the emergence rate. For hilly slopes, the hydraulic cylinder 96 increases the pressing pressure to prevent soil erosion. For plain areas, the pressure is reduced to avoid soil compaction caused by excessive compaction.

[0021] Working principle: This device realizes the integrated operation of the whole process from straw treatment, soil tillage to seeding and pressing through the collaborative operation of multiple components. Its working principle can be divided into the following core links: I. Terrain perception and dynamic adjustment 1. Terrain scanning by lidar Function: The lidar 2 at the front end of the device scans the terrain data in the traveling direction in real time, such as slope, obstacles, soil surface characteristics, etc.

[0022] Data feedback: The scanned data is transmitted to the control system to generate an elevation model and soil characteristic analysis, providing a basis for dynamic adjustment of subsequent operation parameters (rotary tillage depth, furrow opening depth, pressing pressure).

[0023] Intelligent decision-making: In plain areas, a shallow tillage and low-pressure mode is adopted, and in hilly areas, it is switched to a deep tillage and high-pressure mode to ensure the adaptability of the operation to the terrain.

[0024] II. Straw alignment and soil rotary tillage 1. Straw alignment pretreatment Operation: A straw alignment mechanism can be set at the front end of the tractor. The straw alignment mechanism is a common technical means in the existing technology and will not be elaborated here. The straw is aligned. At the same time, the subsequent straw pushing rod 423 is a redundant setting, and the missed straw in the field is pushed to both sides of the operation strip in front of the furrow opening disc 422 to form a straw alignment area, avoiding straw covering the seeding area, reducing the interference of straw on seeding and pressing, and at the same time promoting the centralized return of straw to the field and improving soil fertility.

[0025] 2. Dynamic soil fragmentation by rotary tillage parts Power transmission: The power of the tractor drives the rotary tillage knife shaft 33 to rotate through the central gear transmission box 31, driving the staggeredly distributed rotary tillage knives 34 to fragment the soil.

[0026] Depth adjustment: The electric telescopic cylinder 35 adjusts the heights of the central gear transmission box 31 and the edge lifting seat 32 according to the terrain data, controlling the depth of the rotary tillage knives entering the soil, 10 - 15 cm in plain areas and 15 - 20 cm in hilly areas.

[0027] Soil treatment: The rotary tillage knives 34 break up the soil and gather the fragmented soil to the center of the strip, forming a loose and breathable tillage layer, providing ideal conditions for subsequent seeding.

[0028] III. Precise Ditching and Synchronous Sowing 1. Dynamic Adjustment of Ditching Depth Humidity Detection: The humidity sensor 5 on the soil filling plate 424 continuously detects the soil humidity, and the data is fed back to the control system.

[0029] Intelligent Depth Adjustment: When the humidity is too high, the electric telescopic cylinder II 413 raises the lifting and adjusting seat 412 to reduce the ditching depth and prevent the seeds from being waterlogged; when the humidity is too low, the ditching depth is increased to ensure that the seeds come into contact with the moist soil.

[0030] 2. Disk Ditching and Air-Suction Sowing Ditching Operation: The mirror-symmetrical ditching disks 422 cut V-shaped grooves in the soil to form neat sowing ridges.

[0031] Synchronous Sowing: The air-suction seeder 6 adsorbs seeds through negative pressure and precisely sows them to the bottom of the grooves, with a uniform and controllable sowing density.

[0032] Soil Filling and Backfilling: The soil filling plate 424 backfills the soil on both sides into the grooves, covering the seeds and forming a flat ridge surface to protect the seeds from wind erosion or bird pecking.

[0033] IV. Multi-Stage Compaction and Soil Compression 1. Adaptive Adjustment of Compaction Pressure Terrain Adaptation: Plain Areas: The hydraulic cylinder 96 reduces the pressure of the compaction roller 82 to prevent soil compaction; Hilly Areas: Increase the pressure to prevent soil erosion and promote the contact between seeds and soil.

[0034] Dynamic Buffering: The spring 94 and damper 95 absorb the operation impact and keep the compaction pressure stable.

[0035] 2. Multi-Stage Compaction and Cleaning Multi-Stage Compaction: At least two groups of compaction rollers 82 compact the ridge surface in sections to ensure uniform soil compaction and improve the seed germination rate.

[0036] Anti-Sticking Design: The anti-sticking blocks 821 on the circumferential wall of the compaction roller cooperate with the scraping plate 8121 at the bottom of the replacement seat 812 to scrape off the adhered soil and prevent the compaction roller from slipping or jamming.

[0037] V. Modular Expansion and Flexible Adaptation 1. Sowing Mode Switching Sowing Before Compaction: Select the air-suction seeder 6, and compact the soil after sowing; Sowing After Compaction: Remove the air-suction seeder and replace it with a no-till seeder to adapt to the no-till agronomic requirements.

[0038] 2. Quick Replacement of Compaction Rollers Adapt to different soils: Quickly replace the type of press roller by replacing the seat 812. For example, a rubber roller is used for sticky soils and a steel roller is used for hard soils.

[0039] Example 1: Wheat planting in plain areas Operation preparation Ensure that the power output of the tractor is firmly connected to the transmission shaft of the device.

[0040] Check the seed bin of the air suction seeder 6 and fill it with wheat seeds.

[0041] Adjust the rotary tillage part 3 to the shallow tillage mode (tillage depth 10 - 12 cm).

[0042] Operation process Start the device: The tractor moves forward, and the lidar 2 starts to scan the terrain and feeds back data to the control system.

[0043] Straw alignment: Use the straw aligner at the front end of the tractor to move the field straw to both sides of the operation strip.

[0044] Rotary tillage and soil fragmentation: The rotary tillage blades 34 break up the soil to form a loose tillage layer.

[0045] Ditching and sowing: The ditching disc 22 cuts a V-shaped groove, and the air suction seeder 6 sows precisely.

[0046] Pressing and compacting: The multi-section press roller 82 compacts the soil in the low-pressure mode to ensure the contact between the seeds and the soil.

[0047] Example 2: Corn planting in hilly areas Operation preparation Remove the press roller 82 in the plain mode and replace it with a high-pressure steel roller.

[0048] Adjust the ridging part 4 to the deep ditch mode (ditching depth 8 - 10 cm).

[0049] Check the working status of the humidity sensor 5 to ensure the accuracy of the soil humidity data.

[0050] Operation process Terrain scanning: The lidar 2 scans the hilly terrain and feeds back the slope data to the control system.

[0051] Straw alignment: The straw aligner moves the straw to both sides of the strip to avoid covering the sowing area.

[0052] Deep rotary tillage treatment: Adjust the rotary tillage part 3 to the deep tillage mode (tillage depth 15 - 18 cm) to break up the hard soil.

[0053] Precision ditching: The ditching disc 422 cuts uniform grooves on the slope, and the air suction seeder 6 sows synchronously.

[0054] High-pressure pressing: The multi-section pressing roller 82 operates in high-pressure mode to prevent soil erosion and ensure that the seeds contact moist soil.

[0055] Example 3: No-till seeding in high humidity areas Homework Preparation Adjust the rotary tillage element 3 to shallow tillage mode (tillage depth 8-10 cm) to reduce soil disturbance.

[0056] Remove the air-suction seeder 6 and install the no-till seeder.

[0057] Check the linkage adjustment function of the humidity sensor 5 and the ditching disc 422.

[0058] Workflow LiDAR scanning: Real-time monitoring of terrain in high-humidity areas to avoid low-lying waterlogged areas.

[0059] Straw returning to row: The straw returning device collects the straw to both sides of the strip to prevent clogging of the no-till planter.

[0060] Shallow tillage: The rotary tillage blade 34 slightly breaks up the topsoil and maintains the moisture of the lower soil layer.

[0061] No-till seeding: The no-till seeding machine sows seeds directly through the middle area of the furrow disc 422.

[0062] Light pressure to maintain soil moisture: The multi-segment pressing roller 82 operates in a low-pressure mode to prevent excessive compaction that may cause soil compaction.

[0063] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or substitute equivalents for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A straw row-forming strip rotary tillage, ridging and rolling device, characterized in that, Comprising: A lightweight connecting frame (1), serving as the installation foundation of the device, with an overall hollow design; A lidar (2), inlaid and installed at the front end of the lightweight connecting frame (1), used for scanning the traveling direction and providing terrain data; A rotary tillage member (3), arranged to be lifted and lowered at the lower end of the lightweight connecting frame (1), used for adaptively rotary tilling the soil; At least two ridging members (4), detachably arranged at the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame (1), on which a humidity sensor (5) is integrally installed, and the trench depth is adjusted according to the feedback data; At least two air-suction seeders (6), detachably installed at the rear end of the ridging member (4) through a mounting frame (7), used for sowing in the furrow; A multi-segment pressing member (8), detachably arranged at the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame (1) and located at the rear end of the corresponding ridging member (4), and the pressing force can be adjusted according to the pressing requirements; Among them, this device can adjust the tillage requirements according to different terrains, including but not limited to plains, hills, mountains and terraced fields, and adapt to the tillage requirements of various terrains by dynamically adjusting the rotary tillage depth, trench depth and pressing pressure.

2. The straw row-forming strip rotary tillage, ridging and rolling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary tillage member (3) includes: A central gear transmission box (31), movably installed through the lifting groove one (11) at the middle position of the lightweight connecting frame (1), and the front end is fixedly connected to the output end of the tractor through a transmission shaft; Edge lifting seats (32), arranged symmetrically in a mirror image on both sides of the central gear transmission box (31), movably installed through the lifting groove two (12) at the edge position of the lightweight connecting frame (1), with a jacking extension plate (321) provided at the top, and a central opening groove (322) provided in the middle and the central opening groove (322) runs through to the bottom; Rotary tillage knife shafts (33), symmetrically and movably installed in pairs on the side wall of the central gear transmission box (31); Rotary tillage knives (34), evenly distributed on the rotary tillage knife shafts (33), and the rotary tillage knives (34) on adjacent rotary tillage knife shafts (33) are arranged in a staggered manner; An electric telescopic cylinder one (35), fixedly installed at the upper end of the lightweight connecting frame (1), and the output end is fixedly connected to the corresponding jacking extension plate (321), used for adjusting the rotary tillage depth.

3. The straw row-forming strip rotary tillage, ridging and rolling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotary tillage member (3) further includes: A strengthening connecting plate (36), arranged between the central gear transmission box (31) and the edge lifting seat (32), with a cleaning groove (361) provided at the bottom corresponding to each rotary tillage knife (34), and the cleaning groove (361) runs through the front and rear ends for regular cleaning; Guide rails (37), symmetrically and fixedly installed in pairs on the side wall of the central gear transmission box (31), and movably installed in the guide grooves (111) on the side wall of the lifting groove one (11); Limit blocks (38), fixedly installed at the ends of the guide rails (37), used for displacement limiting.

4. A straw row-forming strip rotary tillage, ridging and pressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ridging member (4) includes: A fixed lifting seat (41), detachably installed at the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame (1); A disc-type furrow opener (42), detachably installed at the lower end of the fixed lifting seat (41), which includes: The fixed seat (421) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the fixed lifting seat (41) by bolts; The ditching discs (422) are symmetrically and movably installed on both sides of the fixed seat (421). The seed outlet end of the air-suction seeder (6) is located in the middle area of the ditching discs (422); The straw pushing rods (423) are fixedly installed at the lower end of the fixed seat (421), in front of the ditching discs (422), and aligned with the symmetry line of the ditching discs (422) to gather the straw to both sides of the strip; The soil filling plates (424) are symmetrically and movably installed on both sides of the fixed seat (421), behind the ditching discs (422); The humidity sensors (5) are inlaid on one side of the soil filling plates (424) adjacent to the ditching discs (422) to detect the soil humidity in real time.

5. The straw row-forming strip rotary tillage ridging and rolling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixed lifting seat (41) includes: The tail connecting seat (411) is fixedly installed at the rear side of the lightweight connecting frame (1) by bolts; The lifting adjustment seat (412) is movably installed through the lifting groove three (4111) in the middle position of the tail connecting seat (411), and a top extension plate (4121) is fixedly installed at the top; The electric telescopic cylinder two (413) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the tail connecting seat (411), and the output end is fixedly connected to the top extension plate (4121) for adjusting the ridging depth.

6. A straw row-forming strip rotary tillage ridging and pressing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting frame (7) includes: The lightweight support rods (71) are integrally hollow and square, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the air-suction seeder (6), and are fixedly installed on the side wall of the air-suction seeder (6) by bolts; The positioning plates (72) are fixedly installed at the ends of the lightweight support rods (71) and are fixedly installed at the rear side of the tail connecting seat (411) by bolts to stabilize the position of the air-suction seeder (6).

7. A straw row-forming strip rotary tillage ridging and pressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-section pressing member (8) includes: The replaceable pressing seat (81) is detachably installed at the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame (1); At least two groups of pressing rollers (82) are movably installed in the replaceable pressing seat (81) through the pressure adjusting member (9) for multi-section pressing of the soil.

8. A straw row-forming strip rotary tillage, ridging and rolling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The replaceable pressing seat (81) includes: The fixed diagonal brace (811) is fixedly installed at the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame (1), and an adjusting long groove (8111) is penetrated and provided at its end; The replacement seat (812) is arranged between the fixed diagonal braces (811), and a placement interval (8122) for placing the pressing rollers (82) is provided at the bottom; The side plates (813) are fixedly installed on both sides of the replacement seat (812), and the replacement seat (812) and the fixed diagonal braces (811) are fixed by bolts. The position plates for fixing the pressing rollers (82) are fixedly installed on both sides of the replacement seat (812), and the replacement seat (812) and the fixed diagonal braces (811) are fixed by bolts.

9. A straw row-forming strip rotary tillage ridging and rolling device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pressure adjusting member (9) includes: The movable connection block (91) is movably installed through the slider (92) in the lifting groove four on the side wall of the placement interval (8122); The lifting positioning block (93) is movably installed in the fourth lifting groove (8121) and is located above the movable connecting block (91); The spring (94) is fixedly arranged between the movable connecting block (91) and the lifting positioning block (93), and a damper (95) is sleeved inside; The hydraulic cylinder (96) is fixedly installed at the inner top of the fourth lifting groove (8121), the telescopic end is fixedly connected to the lifting positioning block (93), and is connected to the oil storage tank (97) at the upper end of the replacement seat (812) through a connecting pipe, and is used for adjusting the compaction pressure.

10. A straw row-forming strip rotary tillage, ridging and rolling device according to claim 9, characterized in that: Anti-sticking blocks (821) are fixedly installed on both sides of the compaction roller (82), the anti-sticking blocks (821) are circumferentially distributed on the peripheral wall of the compaction roller (82), a scraping plate (8121) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the replacement seat (812), and the lower end of the scraping plate (8121) is located in the middle area of the anti-sticking blocks (821), and is used for preventing soil adhesion and keeping the compaction roller (82) clean.

Images