23 results about "Protection forest" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent monitoring of protective forests, and discloses a protective forest monitoring and evaluating system based on intelligent visual identification. According to the system, synchronous perception information of vision, terrain and weather is captured through a multi-source information synchronous acquisition module, and a vegetation growth space field containing canopy form topology and canopy density change process is generated through multi-dimensional feature extraction operation. A degeneration characteristic evolution graph constructed according to the method can present a degeneration plaque contour, a spreading track and an intensity distribution thermodynamic diagram. The map is subjected to deep feature analysis through a trained multi-level degradation identification network to obtain a degradation level and a trend vector, and finally a comprehensive evaluation report with spatio-temporal information is formed. According to the invention, high-precision and automatic monitoring and evaluation of the dynamic degradation process of the protection forest are realized.

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, and discloses an investigation and matching restoration method used before restoration of a degraded forest, comprising an investigation method and a restoration method, analyzing the factor change of the degraded forest by using the investigation method, and matching a restoration model in the restoration method according to the factor change. According to the investigation method designed by the invention, factors with growth and development retardation and degeneration in the growth process of the protection forest in the later period are analyzed so as to analyze the change of the factors in the environment, the restoration model in the restoration method is matched by analyzing the change of the factors, and the degenerated forest is stably and efficiently transformed according to the restoration model; and the quality and the ecological service efficiency of the mountain forest in the karst landform and at the high altitude are improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of protection forest space optimization configuration methods, and particularly relates to a protection forest space optimization configuration method for realizing dry farmland soil corrosion reduction and recarburization, which comprises the following steps of: obtaining a multi-source basic data set, processing Sentinel-2 image data by combining a vegetation index and an optical remote sensing image, and obtaining a multi-source basic data set; by analyzing spectral features, vegetation indexes are extracted to extract a random forest combined feature index zone; constructing a training sample by using a high-precision Google map image, and identifying the spatial distribution of the farmland protection forest; extracting wind erosion amount, organic carbon content, environmental factors and protection forest structure parameters based on ArcGIS Pro; constructing a nonlinear response model through an R language mgcv packet, establishing a response relationship among a protection forest network structure, an environmental factor and a wind erosion amount, quantifying the contribution degree of each interaction item, calculating a weighted average value, and obtaining a comprehensive optimal configuration parameter; an XGBoost model is used for estimating the wind erosion reduction amount and the organic carbon increase amount after optimization configuration, and protection forest network structure configuration optimization suggestions are put forward.

The invention discloses a wind-proof, sand-blocking and rain-collecting device for a protective forest belt and a protective forest belt construction method, and belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration systems. A hollow sleeve is arranged at one end of the cover plate, and bottom feet are obliquely arranged on the two sides of the other end of the cover plate and inserted into the ground; a steel pipe penetrates into the hollow sleeve, and the two ends of the steel pipe are fixed between the two stand columns in a sleeve mode; the two groups of flow guide assemblies are symmetrically arranged; each group of flow guide assembly comprises two flow guide ridges formed by stamping a cover plate, and hollow air holes are reserved in the lower parts of the flow guide ridges; the diversion ridges are obliquely arranged relative to the central axis of the cover plate; the water collecting cylinder is fixedly arranged at the other end of the cover plate, two ends of the water collecting cylinder are sealed, water injection holes are formed in two sides of the top, and the water collecting cylinder is located on the lower edge of the outer side of the flow guide ridge and receives rainwater collected through the flow guide ridge after being intercepted by the cover plate; one end of each micro dropper is communicated with the bottom of the water collecting cylinder, and the other end of each micro dropper is bound to the root of a tree root through a hemp rope. The device integrates the functions of wind prevention, water collection and sand stabilization, rainwater is slowly released, forestation difficulties such as wind damage, sand burying and rainfall shortage in related areas can be overcome, and a long-acting green sand stabilization barrier can be built in an assisted mode.

The invention discloses a method for rapidly evaluating the windproof effect of a farmland protection forest net based on simplified three-dimensional modeling and computational fluid mechanics simulation. The method aims at solving the problems that large-range wind field data is difficult to obtain in existing field observation, and traditional computational fluid mechanics uses a refined farmland protection forest three-dimensional model, so that the calculation cost is too high, and the method cannot be applied to regional scales. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, acquiring spatial distribution of a forest network and three-dimensional structure parameters and layered leaf area density of a single forest belt by using an unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography and rapid canopy measurement technology; then, in a geographic information system and engineering design software, a single forest belt is converted into a polyhedral structure with internal attributes, and a forest network three-dimensional model is constructed; further, efficient numerical simulation of the wind field around the forest network is realized through a computational fluid mechanics method; and finally, a target height wind speed distribution diagram is extracted from a result wind field obtained through simulation, an effective protection area is discriminated through a grid binarization method, and the forest network protection efficiency is rapidly evaluated.

The invention discloses a passive desert ecological restoration method and system based on biochar, and belongs to the technical field of desert ecological restoration. The method comprises the following steps: laying a grass checkered sand barrier on the surface of a sand land, laying a waterproof / semi-waterproof layer at a depth of 40-200cm below the grass checkered sand barrier at intervals, and laying a first biochar mixing layer above the waterproof / semi-waterproof layer; according to different application working conditions of the protection forest and the cultivated land, whether a second charcoal mixing layer is laid below the grass checkered sand barrier layer by 0-30 cm is selected; and finally, drought-enduring plants are planted in grids of the grass checkered sand-protecting barriers. The device abandons electromechanical equipment for refrigeration, pumping, active ventilation and the like, realizes passive water regulation and control by virtue of adsorption-desorption characteristics of biochar and natural temperature difference between day and night in the desert area, has the technical advantages of zero energy consumption, low cost and no maintenance, and can remarkably improve the desert water fixing capacity and the vegetation survival rate; the method is suitable for various scenes such as desert protection forest construction and cultivated land development, and sustainable restoration of desert ecology is achieved.

The invention discloses a saline-alkali soil in-situ improved tree planting method for a coastal protection forest, and relates to the technical field of forestry ecological engineering, in particular to the saline-alkali soil in-situ improved tree planting method for the coastal protection forest, and the method comprises the following steps: carrying out ground cleaning and leveling on a planting area; after the tree pit is dug, a drainage hole with the depth of 1 m is drilled in the center of the bottom and filled with pure stone nitrate, and a vertical drainage channel is formed; paving a pure stone nitrate layer and a coarse sand layer at the bottom of the hole as a horizontal drainage layer; after nursery stocks with soil balls (the diameter is larger than or equal to 40 cm) are placed, coarse sand is filled between the soil balls and hole walls, and the coarse sand is communicated with the bottom layer to form a continuous drainage path; pit soil is backfilled, and a water retaining furrow is constructed. During watering, soil balls are preferentially soaked, and external salt permeates into the ground along a sand layer and a stone nitrate layer under the action of osmotic pressure, so that the salt is prevented from intruding into a root system. Soil replacement is not needed, salt rising is effectively blocked through the efficient drainage system, and it is guaranteed that seedlings survive and grow in coastal saline-alkali soil for a long time.

The invention discloses a carbon sink measurement method and system for a coastal protection forest, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining field data of a target coastal protection forest, and carrying out the preprocessing of the field data, and obtaining a three-dimensional point cloud model of the protection forest; based on the three-dimensional point cloud model of the protection forest, adaptive forest structure parameter extraction is carried out, and a vegetation type and a corresponding tree height are obtained; the adaptive forest tree structure parameter extraction comprises parameter adaptive single tree segmentation and segmentation-fitting mutual feedback optimization; and performing carbon sink index calculation based on the vegetation type and the corresponding tree height to obtain the carbon density of the protection forest. According to the invention, by introducing a parameter adaptive initialization and segmentation-fitting mutual feedback optimization mechanism driven by a forest type feature vector, internal self-checking and iterative optimization are realized, and an automatic high-precision carbon sink measurement method adaptively coping with changes of arbors and shrubs in a coastal area is realized.

The invention discloses a farmland protection forest three-dimensional structure parameter extraction method and system, and belongs to the technical field of remote sensing mapping and forestry information. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring oblique photography point cloud data of a target area; automatically identifying and extracting point cloud data corresponding to the farmland protection forest through a deep learning model; constructing a closed three-dimensional model representing the overall outer contour of the forest belt based on the point cloud; and automatically calculating the overall three-dimensional structure parameters of the forest belt based on the model, wherein the parameters comprise the length, the width, the height, the trend and the permeability representing the ventilation and light transmission performance of the forest belt. According to the method, the penetration coefficient model fusing the density difference, the spatial coherence and the feature communication length is innovatively provided, and scientific quantification of the hydrophobicity is achieved.

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological engineering and wetland restoration, in particular to a comprehensive restoration method for rapidly improving functions of a bird breeding place of a degraded marsh wetland, and aims to solve the problems of nest site deficiency, insufficient food sources and man-made interference confronted by bird breeding in the degraded wetland. Repair is carried out through comprehensive measures of combining nest site accurate configuration, food source directional strengthening and interference system control. The method specifically comprises the steps that mandarin duck nest boxes and small nest boxes are hung on a suitable wetland, haystacks are built, and diversified nest sites are provided for different birds; putting benthonic animals and fishes in the shallow water area to supplement a food source; meanwhile, propaganda education is carried out on surrounding residents, closed management is carried out on the protection forest in the breeding season, and man-made interference is reduced. According to the method, the bird breeding function of the degraded wetland can be quickly and specifically recovered, the number and diversity of bird populations are improved, and the method has the characteristics of simplicity and convenience in implementation, low cost and quick effect, and is suitable for ecological restoration and function improvement of the degraded marsh wetland.

The invention discloses a coastal protection forest belt transformation method based on forest state optimization. According to the invention, through systematic technology integration and ecological adaptability design, the comprehensive function of the protective forest belt is significantly improved. On the ecological protection level, a gradient windproof barrier and a sand stabilization network are constructed through a three-dimensional layered structure and dynamic tree species configuration. The synergistic effect of the biodegradable grid and the microbial agent accelerates soil improvement, promotes rapid field planting of vegetation roots, and effectively inhibits wind erosion desertification and water and soil loss. The intelligent monitoring system tracks the health state of the forest belt in real time, and in combination with disaster adaptability design, the forest belt can dynamically respond to extreme climates such as typhoon and drought, and the self-repairing capacity is formed. The three-dimensional space layout and the strategy of properly reserving forest space further enhance the biological diversity, provide migration channels for wild animals and plants, and realize long-acting stability of ecological functions.

This invention provides a method and system for early warning of salinization risk in protective forests based on multi-source data fusion, relating to the field of ecological environment monitoring and early warning technology. First, a multi-source monitoring data set of the protective forest area is acquired, including land cover remote sensing image data, soil salinity profile monitoring data, groundwater level dynamic monitoring data, and meteorological element observation data. Next, the multi-source monitoring data is divided into spatial grid units to generate a gridded multi-source monitoring data set. Then, a set of co-evolutionary patterns among the multi-source data is constructed based on the gridded multi-source monitoring data set. Finally, a salinization risk propagation simulation is performed based on the co-evolutionary pattern set to generate salinization risk early warning information containing risk propagation path clusters. This method can intuitively and accurately reflect the propagation direction and scope of salinization risk, improving the accuracy and reliability of the early warning and effectively protecting the ecological functions of the protective forest and the ecological environment of the surrounding area.

The invention discloses an artificial protection forest close-to-nature reconstruction method based on natural succession stage staging regulation and control, and the method comprises the steps: accurately judging the natural succession stage of a forest stand, and setting a threshold condition for transition to a next stage, so as to enable all reconstruction measures to be anchored to the development process of the forest stand; illumination and provenance are cooperatively regulated and controlled through forest window opening up and broad-leaved tree species complementary planting, and the under-forest natural updating potential is activated; through staged thinning, window expansion, width supplementation and needle control, the stand is guided to gradually turn from a single-layer same-age needle leaf structure to a different-age multi-layer, broad leaf dominated and plaque inlaid top-level community form; the litter reserves, the soil biological activity and the hydrological regulation capacity are synchronously improved, and a multi-layer protection system and a dynamic balance monitoring mechanism are constructed. The forest stand does not depend on continuous human intervention to maintain the function any more, but depends on succession power of the forest stand to achieve structural optimization and function jump, the succession stagnation problem is solved, and the artificial protection forest really has the stability, restoring force and sustainability of the near-natural forest stand.

The invention discloses a farmland protection forest system space configuration method based on a Great Wall grain structure, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural ecological engineering. The method comprises the following steps: designing a unitized Great Wall grain-shaped grid as a forest network basic form; acquiring farmland and disaster characteristics of a target area, and determining the number of forest networks and great wall grain structure parameters according to a protection target; the Great Wall grain-shaped grids are arranged according to rules to form a forest network, and a final farmland protection forest system space configuration scheme is formed after optimization and adjustment. The system comprises a Great Wall pattern grid form design system, a forest network configuration and optimization module and a dynamic monitoring regulation and control system. By means of the innovative Great Wall grain-shaped grid structure, it is guaranteed that the farmland protection forest exerts protection benefits, meanwhile, the farmland protection forest is matched with a mechanical production means, the occupied area of the forest belt can be reduced, the land utilization efficiency is improved, and the ecological benefits, the production benefits and the regional coordination are achieved.

The invention discloses a forest field road and canal integrated farmland protection forest network optimization design method based on multi-objective cooperation, and belongs to the technical field of farmland ecological engineering and protection forest planning and design. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, obtaining layout information of field roads, channels and ridges, and designing a plurality of candidate forest network layouts including an integrated scheme; forest belt parameters are obtained through a laser radar, and the windproof efficiency of each scheme is simulated and quantified through computational fluid mechanics; and furthermore, a multi-target evaluation system containing windproof, land-saving and production convenience indexes is constructed, and a collaborative optimization decision algorithm combining fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and approximate ideal solution sorting is adopted to perform objective and quantitative comprehensive sorting and optimization on candidate schemes.

The invention relates to a quantitative evaluation method for the shading range and degree of a farmland protection forest in the technical field of forestry. In the region where the target forest belt is located, the length and orientation of the forest belt shadow in each time period of the key date are determined according to the solar altitude angle and the azimuth angle in combination with parameters such as the average height and the trend of the forest belt, and the forest belt shading range is divided into light, medium and heavy land-side degrees according to the proportion of the shading duration to the sunshine duration. The method for objectively, quantitatively and easily determining the shading range and degree of the farmland protection forest is provided for the first time, a scientific standard is provided for objectively evaluating the shading and hypochondrium range of the farmland protection forest, and a reference basis is provided for determining the buffer distance between the forest belt and the farmland interface in high-standard farmland construction.

The application discloses a kind of extraction method and system of farmland shelterbelt three-dimensional structure parameters, belong to remote sensing surveying and mapping and forestry information technical field.The method includes: obtaining the oblique photography point cloud data of target area;Through deep learning model, corresponding point cloud data of farmland shelterbelt is automatically identified and extracted;Based on the point cloud, closed three-dimensional model representing the overall outer contour of forest belt is constructed;Based on the model, the overall three-dimensional structure parameters of forest belt are automatically calculated, and the parameters include length, width, height, trend and the porosity of its ventilation and light transmission performance.The application innovatively proposes the through coefficient model fusing density difference, spatial coherence and feature connectivity length, and realizes the scientific quantification of porosity.

This invention provides a method and system for intelligent monitoring of coastal protection forests based on multi-source information fusion in the field of forestry informatization and intelligent monitoring technology. The method includes: Step S1, collecting video image data and environmental sensor data through front-end monitoring equipment; Step S2, processing the video image data using an AI visual analysis model to identify disaster risk information; Step S3, combining the disaster risk information with geographic information to generate a pest and disease distribution layer and a fire early warning distribution layer in a GIS geographic information system, and predicting the spread trend of pests and diseases based on a population dynamics model coupled with environmental factors, obtaining the trend prediction results and loading them into the GIS geographic information system; Step S4, the management platform automatically generates patrol tasks based on the pest and disease distribution layer and the fire early warning distribution layer and assigns them to a mobile APP. The advantages of this invention are: greatly improving the efficiency, accuracy, and closed-loop level of monitoring.

The invention provides a multi-layer protection forest oxygen plate structure. The multi-layer protection forest oxygen plate structure comprises a forest oxygen plate, a mounting structure is arranged on the bottom side of the forest oxygen plate, a positioning structure is arranged on the bottom side of the mounting structure, a connecting structure is arranged on the side face of a mounting bottom plate, and a fixing structure is arranged between the mounting structure and the connecting structure. Through the mounting structures, single boards can be quickly disassembled and assembled, follow-up maintenance is facilitated, meanwhile, lines are conveniently arranged on the inner sides of the boards, the boards can be conveniently mounted through the positioning structures, the overall flatness of board mounting is improved, the connecting strength between the adjacent boards can be improved through the connecting structures, and the board mounting efficiency is improved. And the stable connection between the forest oxygen plate and the mounting bottom plate can be ensured through the fixing structure.

The application provides a kind of forest belt layering leaf area density measuring device and method based on unmanned aerial vehicle, belongs to the technical field of forestry and ecology, device includes: unmanned aerial vehicle, camera holder, motion camera and fish eye lens;The upper surface of unmanned aerial vehicle is fixedly connected with camera holder, motion camera is fixedly connected on camera holder, fish eye lens is fixedly installed on motion camera, adjust camera holder so that fish eye lens is vertically upward, wireless control device is connected with the control system of unmanned aerial vehicle and the control system of motion camera;The application can flexibly, efficiently, non-destructive measure forest belt layering leaf area density, provide important parameters for farmland shelter forest aerodynamics research, and provide basis for scientific construction and management of farmland shelter forest.

The application discloses a construction method of gabion ecological revetment and belongs to the technical field of ecological revetment. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a relatively dry season, excavating overflow grooves on both sides of a river channel along a river flow trend, laying multiple-step Bing gabions between the river channel and the overflow grooves, planting shrubs and protective forests in sequence on the outside of the overflow grooves of the straight-flow river channel, excavating multiple first irrigation ditches from the overflow grooves, the first irrigation ditches providing water sources for the shrubs and the protective forests, excavating a first water storage pool and a connecting ditch on the outside of a turning section of the river, the overflow grooves, the connecting ditch and the first water storage pool being connected, and excavating second irrigation ditches on both sides of the first water storage pool, the second irrigation ditches being connected with the multiple first irrigation ditches. The method can control the deviation of a river channel in a desert area, can contain water sources, and can realize ecological revetment of a river in the desert area.

The invention provides a reasonable space configuration method for a row belt type shrub protection forest in a semi-arid grassland area. The method mainly comprises the following steps: (1) firstly, determining the potential maximum density of a shrub forest belt; (2) determining key eco-hydrological function parameters of shrubby forest zones with different line spacings; and (3) comprehensively evaluating the ecological hydrological function parameters of the sand-fixing shrub belts with different line spacings by adopting an analytic hierarchy process-entropy weight method, and finally determining the optimal line spacing and plant spacing of the forest belts by combining the potential maximum density of the shrub belts in the step (1) and the key ecological hydrological function parameters of the shrub belts with different line spacings in the step (2). The method is reasonable in conception, the growth stability of the protection forest can be improved, the ecological functions such as the windproof effect of the protection forest can be synchronously enhanced, and a theoretical basis can be provided for efficient utilization and ecological restoration of water resources in the arid grassland area.

The invention relates to the technical field of protective forest belt recognition, in particular to a method for establishing a protective forest belt decline degree division model based on remote sensing data. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a multispectral remote sensing image of a target protective forest belt area; acquiring a digital elevation model corresponding to the target protective forest belt area, and performing topographic wave band correction on the multispectral remote sensing image so as to acquire a vegetation feature data set; according to the vegetation feature data set, determining a division threshold value of the decline degree of the protective forest belt, and constructing a multi-index decision tree grading model; and inputting the vegetation feature data set into the multi-index decision tree grading model, carrying out pixel-by-pixel judgment and outputting grade identification codes, and aggregating pixels with the same grade identification codes to complete division of the decline degree of the protective forest belt. According to the method, terrain correction is carried out based on remote sensing data, the multi-index decision tree grading model is dynamically constructed, and step-by-step correction and accurate division of the decline grade of the protective forest belt are realized.