435 results about "Tree root" patented technology

The invention discloses a data ownership verification and authorization control method based on zero knowledge proof. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a traceable Merk tree structure on a block chain or a distributed account book; a data owner calculates data fingerprints and packages the data fingerprints into declaration nodes to be inserted into the traceable Merk tree; storing the ownership zero knowledge proof and the traceable Merk tree root hash into a block chain together; the verification party executes the zero-knowledge verifier contract on the chain to complete ownership verification without reading original data or identity plaintext; access control is realized after on-chain verification of the service party; triggering local heavy hash to update the traceable Merk tree root hash, and broadcasting a revocation event on a chain; and confirming legality of evolution and authorization change of all nodes. According to the method, the historical traceability and structural consistency of the data ownership and authorization relationship are ensured, and efficient traceability and anomaly detection of the node evolution chain are also realized.

The invention relates to the technical field of microbial agents, in particular to a composite microbial agent and application of the composite microbial agent in prevention and treatment of forest root diseases, and the composite microbial agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of Trichoderma harzianum ATCC 20847; 10 to 20 parts of bacillus subtilis ATCC 605, 10 to 20 parts of bacillus subtilis ATCC 605, 10 to 20 parts of bacillus subtilis ATCC 606 and 10 to 20 parts of bacillus subtilis ATCC 607. 5-10 parts of a seaweed extract; 3 to 8 parts of chitosan; 2-5 parts of humic acid; 1 to 3 parts of glycine betaine; 0.5 to 1.5 parts of a trace element compound; 30 to 40 parts of perlite powder; according to the present invention, the fertilizer has characteristics of significant inhibition effect on a variety of forest root pathogenic bacteria, wide prevention and control spectrum, and long-term and stable disease prevention effect by adjusting the rhizosphere micro-ecosystem. Diseases are prevented and controlled, and the growth and root development of the forest trees are remarkably promoted.

The invention relates to the technical field of network information, in particular to a training method and device based on online tree search, equipment and a medium, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the initialization processing of given prompt information based on entropy guide tree search, and generating a guide tree root; selecting a bifurcation point of a guide tree root according to the entropy value, and performing extension processing on the bifurcation point of the guide tree to obtain a tree structure; and calculating a node value in the tree structure by using a Monte Carlo method, calculating a reward signal based on the node value in the tree structure, and strengthening the tree search strategy model. The exploration diversity is enhanced through tree search, the learning efficiency is improved through process supervision, a closed-loop optimization system is formed, the capacity of a large language model on complex reasoning tasks such as mathematics and programming is remarkably improved, and the method has wide application value.

The present invention relates to the technical field of tree transplantation, and discloses a tree transplantation device for garden construction based on green environmental protection, including a tree root shoveling mechanism. Above the tree root shoveling mechanism, there is a water spraying structure. Above the water spraying structure, there is a tree trunk clamping mechanism. Behind the tree root shoveling mechanism, there is a driving mechanism. The rear side of the driving mechanism is fixedly connected with a welding panel. One end of the tree trunk clamping mechanism close to the driving mechanism is fixedly connected with an L-shaped fixing rod. The tree root shoveling mechanism includes a circular plate. The outer side surface of the circular plate is fixedly connected with a first gear. Inside the circular plate near the first gear, there is a sliding bar slidably connected. The upper and lower surfaces of the sliding bar are both fixedly connected with cylinders. The front side surface of the sliding bar is fixedly connected with a small gear. The present invention has the characteristics of stabilizing trees, automatically watering, and improving the survival rate of transplanted trees.

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil sampling, and mainly relates to a soil geographic information acquisition device for territorial space planning. Comprising a base, the base is detachably provided with a supporting frame, the supporting frame is provided with a driving motor and a driving push rod, and the telescopic end of the driving push rod is rotationally connected with a transmission shaft; the inner cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower end of the transmission shaft, and first protrusions distributed at intervals are fixedly connected to the lower side of the inner cylinder; the mounting plate is connected to the transmission shaft in a sliding mode, and a first elastic piece is fixedly connected between the inner cylinder and the mounting plate; and the outer cylinder is rotationally connected to the mounting plate, and second protrusions distributed at intervals are fixedly connected to the lower side of the outer cylinder. The tree roots are fixed through the outer cylinder and the second protrusions, the moving probability of the tree roots is reduced, shearing force applied by the first protrusions fully acts on the tree roots, the tree roots cannot deflect relative to the first protrusions, and the distribution state of soil in the inner cylinder is guaranteed.

The invention discloses a carbon emission abnormity traceability method and device, a medium and equipment, and belongs to the field of carbon emission, and the method comprises the steps: receiving a traceability request containing a to-be-verified data identifier, positioning target link data from a block chain storage, and executing signature verification and Hash consistency verification, thereby guaranteeing the authenticity and consistency of the data. And if the verification of the target link data is passed, verifying the inclusion relation of Merkle tree root hash of each link upwards layer by layer to confirm the integrity of the full-chain data. And if verification failure of any level is found, the feature data of the level is combined with an anomaly detection model based on an isolated forest algorithm, and an abnormal data node is positioned. And then, according to the signature information of the abnormal data node and the preset tracking secret key, a group signature verification and private key derivation process is applied, the responsibility participant is traced, and the tracing process of the carbon emission abnormity is completed, so that the problem that the carbon emission abnormal point cannot be accurately and efficiently traced in the prior art is effectively solved.

The invention discloses an integrity verification method and device for geophysical backup data, and the method comprises the following steps: a backup node carries out the fragmentation processing of geophysical work area backup data, generates encrypted fragmented data for each piece of fragmented data through employing a homomorphic encryption algorithm, calculates the Hash value of the encrypted fragmented data to construct a Merkel tree, and carries out the verification of the integrity of the encrypted fragmented data; encrypting and storing the Merkel tree root in a backup node; during verification, a verification node calculates an encryption value of fragmentation data through a fragmentation encryption value under a current timestamp and an encryption value of the current timestamp, calculates a hash value corresponding to the encryption value of the fragmentation data, obtains an adjacent branch of a branch corresponding to the fragmentation from a Merkel tree, calculates a root node through a path of the adjacent branch of the Merkel tree, and sends the root node to the verification node. And comparing with the root node stored by the backup node to verify the integrity. According to the method, the homomorphic encryption and the Merkel tree structure are combined, so that the integrity verification efficiency can be improved while the data privacy security is ensured.

The invention relates to the technical field of construction measurement, and discloses highway tunnel construction settlement measurement equipment and a highway tunnel construction settlement measurement method.The highway tunnel construction settlement measurement equipment comprises a long insertion rod; a positioning mechanism; the root-shaped extension structures in the extended state are used for expanding the contact area of the combination of the long insertion rods and the soil; the plurality of anti-blocking mechanisms are respectively arranged at the openings of the corresponding root-shaped extension structures, and when the anti-blocking mechanisms are in an expansion state, the anti-blocking mechanisms are in contact with the outer walls of the root-shaped extension structures; a plurality of telescopic root-shaped extension structures are additionally arranged on the long insertion rod, after the long insertion rod is inserted into the ground by a set depth, the multiple root-shaped extension structures are driven to extend in multiple directions in the ground through external pressure, and a structure similar to a tree root shape is formed to form a strong combination state with a soil layer; the stability of the whole measuring equipment can be effectively improved, and error data are reduced.

The utility model relates to the technical field of seedling root humidifying, and discloses a root humidifying device for planting hickory saplings, which solves the problems that the existing root humidifying device for planting hickory saplings is poor in humidifying effect and affects the survival rate of the saplings. According to the sapling planting device, water mist is sprayed to the roots of saplings through the spraying cover, the motor drives the gear to rotate, meanwhile, under the cooperation of the sliding block and the sliding groove, the movable base slides around the outer portion of the containing plate, the saplings can be placed in the containing cylinder, and therefore the saplings can be planted in the containing cylinder, and the saplings can be planted in the sapling planting device. The movable base drives the spraying cover to move around the placing plate, then all-directional spraying humidification is conducted on tree roots, the survival rate of the saplings is increased, compared with direct spraying of a water pipe, water mist does not scatter soil while wetting the saplings, in the transportation process, the saplings absorb water for a long time, and the activity of the saplings is guaranteed.

The invention discloses a digital certificate implementation method based on a Merkel tree, and belongs to the technical field of digital certificates.The digital certificate implementation method comprises a certificate generation scheme and a certificate signature validity verification scheme, and the certificate generation scheme comprises the following steps that 1, a terminal generates a certificate request; step 2, the terminal submits a certificate request to a CA mechanism; step 3, the CA constructs a digital certificate TBSCertifiate (TBSCertifiate); 4, the CA signs the TBSCertifiate constructed in the construction step, and a signature value S is obtained; 5, the CA sends the signature value S to a signature storage service system; step 6, waiting for the signature storage service system to return, wherein the return value comprises: (1) a signature hash value generated by the signature storage system; (2) signing an authentication path generated by the storage system; and (3) signing the Merkel tree root hash value generated by the storage system. According to the digital certificate implementation method based on the Merkel tree, the certificate signature value is stored to the third-party system based on the signature storage system and the Merkel tree structure, and the certificate size is greatly reduced.

The invention discloses a complex microbial inoculant containing streptomyces elongisporus and trichoderma Guizhou, the streptomyces elongisporus is streptomyces elongisporus A25, and the trichoderma Guizhou is trichoderma Guizhou NJAU4742. The invention further discloses application of the complex microbial inoculant to promotion of cucumber growth and application to promotion of seedless litchi yield improvement and fruit quality improvement. Streptomyces elongisporus A25 and trichoderma Guizhou NJAU4742 which are separated and screened from seedless litchi tree rhizosphere soil are prepared into the composite microbial agent, the composite microbial agent is applied to a cucumber pot experiment, cucumber growth can be remarkably promoted, and when the composite microbial agent is applied to a seedless litchi field experiment, seedless litchi yield improvement and fruit quality improvement can be remarkably promoted. The complex microbial inoculant disclosed by the invention has important significance on sustainable development of the seedless litchi industry.

The invention discloses a bionic cross plate tubular pile with the outer wall imitating snake scales, the inner wall imitating tree roots and the bottom end imitating tooth roots and a manufacturing method of the bionic cross plate tubular pile. The bionic cross plate tubular pile comprises a cylindrical tubular pile body, cross plates and tooth root imitating structures. The outer wall of the cylindrical pipe pile is provided with a plurality of snake-scale-imitated protruding structures, and the inner wall of the cylindrical pipe pile is provided with a plurality of tree-root-imitated protruding structures. The cross plate is arranged in the cylindrical pipe pile and divides a circular cavity in the cylindrical pipe pile into four first fan-shaped cavities; the tooth root imitating structure is arranged at the bottom end of the cylindrical pipe pile. According to the invention, the inertia moment of the pile body, the pile end resistance, the pile side friction resistance and the pulling resistance are synergistically enhanced through multiple bionic designs, so that the comprehensive bearing capacity of the tubular pile under the combined action of vertical and horizontal loads is remarkably improved, and a novel solution is provided for pile foundation engineering under complex load and geological conditions.

The invention discloses an ancient tree health state monitoring method based on digital twinning, and relates to the field of ancient tree health monitoring, and the method comprises the steps: collecting point cloud data and texture data of an ancient tree, and constructing an initial three-dimensional model of the ancient tree; a micro ion selective electrode array is deployed in an ancient tree root distribution area, Ca2 and K + ion flow velocity changes are detected through a constant potential rectifier, and the mycorrhizal symbiosis index is calculated in combination with soil temperature and humidity data; uploading the mycorrhizal symbiosis index to a digital twinborn body, and displaying the active state of a root system area in an initial three-dimensional model of the ancient tree in a three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram form; a 16-channel MOX gas sensor electronic nose array is installed on the surface of a trunk of an ancient tree, and volatile organic compound (VOC) concentration data of the ancient tree are collected. According to the invention, a micro electrode array with a 45-degree inclination angle is adopted to non-destructively monitor the ion flow velocity of a root system through the mycorrhizal symbiosis index detection unit, and a three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram is generated in combination with an inverse distance weighted interpolation algorithm, so that dynamic visualization of underground mycorrhizal activity is realized.

The invention relates to the technical field of garden seedling culture, in particular to a seedling culture device for forest and grass resource protection, which comprises a base, lifters are mounted on the front side and the rear side of the upper surface of the base, a driving mechanism is mounted on the upper surface of the base, the lifters are pushed by the driving mechanism to realize lifting, and moving mechanisms are mounted at the tops of the lifters. A soil loosening mechanism is mounted at the top of the moving mechanism. Fertilization is triggered through pressure, it is ensured that nutrients accurately act on a root system area, waste and loss of traditional broadcast fertilization are reduced, the fertilizer utilization efficiency is improved, and the depth of a vibrating bar penetrating into the soil dynamically becomes small along with growth of the root system; shallow soil is guaranteed to be continuously loose to adapt to growth of new roots, deep root systems are prevented from being directly touched and damaged by the vibrating rod, rhizosphere soil and beneficial microorganisms are reserved to the maximum extent, and the survival rate of transplanted trees is remarkably increased.

The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of data processing, in particular to a verifiable cross-domain query method and device, equipment and a storage medium, and aims at achieving verifiable cross-domain query compatible with multiple query modes. The method comprises the steps that according to a query condition in a received query statement, a corresponding query tree is determined, the query tree at least comprises an Id tree, a commitment tree, a dictionary tree and a range query tree, and a root node hash value of the query tree stores a backup in a block chain; obtaining a corresponding query result according to the query tree and the query condition; and sending the query result and proof content generated in the query process to a query party, so that the query party reconstructs a tree root node hash value of the query tree according to the proof content and the query result, and compares the tree root node hash value with a tree root node hash value corresponding to the query tree stored on the block chain, and determining whether the query result is correct or not.

A method for implementing layer 2 network rollup. An executor and prover of a layer 2 network are implemented by adopting a trusted execution environment. The method comprises: a sequencer of a layer 2 network pulls transactions from a transaction pool, sequences and packages the transactions, reads to the prover an SPV proof of an initial state / read set before execution of a packaged transaction, and sends the initial state / read set and the packaged transaction to an executor; on the basis of the initial state / read set, the executor executes the packaged transaction, adopts a private key of the executor to generate a first signature for a generated write set, and sends the write set and the first signature to a prover; after the prover verifies that the first signature passes, on the basis of the SPV of the initial state / read set, the prover constructs a Merkle tree and uses a tree root as a pre-state root, updates the write set to a leaf node of the Merkle tree, and updates a Merkle root and uses the Merkle root as a post-state root; and the prover adopts a private key of the prover to generate a second signature for the pre-state root and the post-state root, uses the second signature as a proof, and sends the second signature along with the pre-state root and the post-state root to a rollup contract on the mainnet by means of a second mainnet transaction.

The present disclosure provides a novel tree root machine, which includes a machine frame with a push handle, and driven walking wheels and a driving wheel which are rotatably connected to the machine frame. A driving device in transmission connection with the driving wheel is arranged on the machine frame for driving the driving wheel to rotate. The ground contact surface of the driving wheel and the ground contact surfaces of the driven walking wheels are not coplanar, and the position of the driving wheel is higher than that of the driven walking wheel when the push handle is in a raised state. The driving wheel and the driven walking wheels touch the ground together when the push handle is in a lowered state, and then the machine frame is driven to move.

Techniques for reducing interference graph generation time may include obtaining a data flow graph representing a computational flow. For each memory object in the data flow graph, a memory object live interval can be added to a vector of intervals. The memory object live interval indicates a last-use of the memory object and a first-definition of the memory object. The vector of intervals can be converted into a binary tree of interval nodes. For each interval node in the binary tree, an earliest-first-definition value is determined for the sub-tree rooted at the interval node, and is associated with the interval node. The binary tree can be queried for interferences of a memory object, and memory allocation can be performed for the computational flow based on the interferences.

The present invention relates to the field of bioinspired geotechnics to provide an alternative to conventional vertical and inclined skirted footings and their method of installation. The invention provides tree root inspired substructure with improved load carrying capacity and a method of installation. Tree root inspired substructure herein defines a square or rectangular or circular or strip footing with closely spaced vertical / inclined micropiles. This hybrid substructure takes advantage of depth effect, width effect, arching effects, compaction and relative ease in installation on level and sloping grounds as compared to conventional skirt / bucket foundation. The micropiles attached to the traditional footing are spaced such that the trapped soil in-between behaves as a plug and major load shearing / transfer takes place at the level of tip of micropiles. Some load distribution also takes place along the micropiles and underneath the footing. The uplift, moment, lateral and vertical load carrying capacity gets enhanced due to the increase in the depth of foundation without much efforts on excavation. The proposed foundation can be cast-in-situ or precast or hybrid. Micropiles of the footing could be installed by either driving or boring. Micropile material can be solid / hollow steel or reinforced / unreinforced concrete, while the footing can be made up of steel plate / frame or reinforced / prestressed concrete. Appropriate selection of a bioinspired skirted footing saves a lot of material and construction time as compared to conventional skirted footing, leading to cost savings.

The invention discloses an efficient blueberry branch picking oscillation machine which comprises a supporting device, clamping oscillation devices and a tree trunk and further comprises two clamping fixing devices, the clamping oscillation devices are movably installed on the supporting device, the two clamping fixing devices are symmetrically arranged, the clamping fixing devices are movably installed on the supporting device, and the clamping oscillation devices are arranged on the supporting device. The clamping and fixing device is located below the clamping and oscillating device, the supporting device comprises a supporting framework, two mounting parts are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the middle of one side of the supporting framework, and a collecting umbrella mounting plate is fixedly connected to the side, close to the mounting parts, of the top end of the supporting framework. According to the device, the root position of a tree trunk is fixed by arranging the clamping and fixing device, so that shaking of the tree root is reduced, pressure data between a second electric hydraulic telescopic rod and a fixed straight plate is monitored in real time through a pressure sensor, and then the second electric hydraulic telescopic rod is dynamically adjusted to stretch out and draw back.

1. The name of the design product: excavator tree root plow. 2. The use of the design product: for removing tree roots and stubborn vegetation residues on the ground surface. 3. The design points of the design product: in shape. 4. The picture or photo that best indicates the design points: perspective view.

The present invention relates to the field of tree root pile construction, and in particular to a tree root pile construction method based on coastal embankments, comprising a tree root pile construction module drilling a construction hole, hanging a steel cage in the construction hole, a data acquisition module acquiring construction hole depth data and temperature data, a central control module adjusting filling data in each temperature control cylinder assembly according to the depth data and the temperature data with a preset temperature control strategy, the tree root pile construction module installing the temperature control cylinder assembly on the inner surface of the construction hole according to the corresponding depth, and filling the construction hole, the tree root pile construction module pouring the filled construction hole, and adjusting the temperature of the construction hole in a preset temperature control manner, the present invention adjusts the temperature of several depth intervals by prefabricating a temperature control cylinder assembly filled with heat absorbing or exothermic materials, so that the slurry is always between preset temperature thresholds during the hardening process, thereby improving the pile quality and service life of the tree root pile.

The invention discloses a rejuvenation ditch for improving the growth environment of a tree root system, which comprises a geological layer, a rejuvenation ditch body is excavated in the geological layer, the rejuvenation ditch body is filled with a plain soil layer, a rejuvenation layer and a ceramsite layer from bottom to top in sequence, a flow guide ring is arranged in the rejuvenation layer, and a plurality of groups of flow dividing pipes are circumferentially and uniformly distributed at the bottom end of the flow guide ring. The device has the beneficial effects that by arranging an irrigation mechanism composed of a flow guide pipe, a flow guide ring, a flow dividing pipe, an overflow hole and a filter screen, when a nutrient solution is irrigated to the rejuvenation layer, the nutrient solution can enter the flow guide ring through the flow guide pipe under the action of an external booster pump, is divided by the flow dividing pipe and then is irrigated into the rejuvenation layer through the overflow hole; by means of the mode, uniform irrigation is guaranteed, the improvement effect is guaranteed, nutrient solution waste is avoided, and the use effect is good.

The invention relates to a device and a method for felling a tree, comprising movable gripping arms (22, 24) for grasping a tree trunk (4) and at least one felling tool (42) for acting on the tree trunk (4). According to the invention, two rear gripping arms (24) and two front gripping arms (22) arranged opposite the rear gripping arms (24) are provided and arranged and movable in such a way that the rear gripping arms (24) and the front gripping arms (22) act against each other with respect to an axis of the tree trunk (4) and can align the tree trunk (4) in a position in which the at least one felling tool (42) can make a felling cut at the intended depth relative to the diameter of the tree trunk (4), with which the tree trunk (4) is separated from the root to such an extent that a hinge remains.The invention also relates to a vehicle comprising a movable crane boom with which a device for felling a tree can be carried in a pendulum-like manner and positioned on a tree trunk.

1. The name of the design product: concrete prefabricated double-assembly inclined bottom round boss tree protection. 2. The use of the design product: used for ecological construction of sponge city and protection of tree roots. 3. The design points of the design product: in shape. 4. The picture or photo that best indicates the design points: perspective view.

The invention relates to the technical field of tree root fertilization, in particular to an ecological forest-based fertilization device which comprises a walking frame, two universal wheels mounted on two sides of the walking frame and two handles mounted at the top of the walking frame and located on one sides of the universal wheels, the walking frame is U-shaped, moving ports are formed in two sides of the interior of the walking frame, and the moving ports are communicated with the walking frame. A supporting frame penetrates through the moving opening in a sliding mode, and a vertical position adjusting mechanism used for synchronously driving the supporting frame is arranged on the walking frame. According to the fertilization device based on the ecological forest, rapid pit digging around the root systems of eucalyptus can be achieved, it is guaranteed that the dug pits are crescent-shaped, and the effect of synchronous and uniform fertilization can be achieved while the crescent-shaped pits are dug out, so that fertilizer is stably scattered into the crescent-shaped pits according to the shapes of the crescent-shaped pits; furthermore, the effect of uniformly fertilizing a large number of eucalyptuses in the ecological forest is ensured, the diffusion of root systems of the eucalyptuses is ensured, the stable growth of the eucalyptuses is ensured, and meanwhile, manpower is saved.

The utility model discloses a UHPC (Ultra High Performance Concrete) cable-penetrating hollow curb, and relates to the technical field of municipal engineering. Comprising a plurality of curbs arranged between a sidewalk and a road, the sidewalk is provided with a plurality of hand hole wells, each curb comprises a supporting part, the supporting part is sleeved with a U-shaped block, the U-shaped block is made of a UHPC material, the supporting part comprises a plurality of supports, a plurality of cable holes used for placing cables are formed in the supports, and the cable holes are communicated with the hand hole wells. A wire groove for threading is formed in the bottom of the side, facing the hand hole well, of the U-shaped block, and the wire groove communicates with the gap between the two adjacent supports. The U-shaped block is made of UHPC (Ultra High Performance Concrete) materials, so that the service life of the curb is effectively prolonged; the cable can be effectively protected through the support, so that the utilization efficiency of underground space is effectively improved, and the influence of tree roots on the cable is effectively avoided; and the U-shaped block is mounted on the support, so that the cable can be effectively prevented from being soaked, and the service life of the cable is effectively prolonged.

The invention relates to a large model Mian machine translation method based on language knowledge retrieval, and belongs to the field of natural language processing. Comprising the following steps: constructing tree root nodes of a tree-shaped retrieval structure for parallel corpora from Chinese to Muranju language; dividing the parallel corpora from Chinese to Myanforn into long sentence pairs and short sentence pairs according to sentence lengths; constructing a preliminary tree-shaped retrieval structure through the short sentence pair; inserting the long sentence pair into a tree-shaped retrieval structure; in the retrieval stage, firstly, a to-be-translated text is coded through an LASER model and then matched with related words and sentence pairs in a tree retrieval structure, candidate sentence pairs are selected through a BM25 algorithm, and the cosine similarity between the candidate sentence pairs and the to-be-translated text is further calculated; before the large language model is used for final translation, the text reordering model is used for reordering the context prompt sentence pairs obtained through retrieval, and the context prompt sentence pairs and the to-be-translated text are input into the large language model to obtain a final translation result. The accuracy and smoothness of the translation result can be improved.

The invention provides a forestry tree irrigation device which comprises a plurality of uniform irrigation structures and a plurality of connecting hoses, each uniform irrigation structure is arranged on the outer side of one tree, and the invention relates to the technical field of forestry irrigation. The uniform irrigation structure replaces a traditional buried nozzle, the problem that the buried nozzle is easily affected by soil, gravel and root systems to be blocked is solved, long-term stable operation and water outlet efficiency of the irrigation system are guaranteed, maintenance is convenient, the uniform irrigation structure can conduct 360-degree rotary spraying around trees, and the irrigation efficiency is improved. The irrigation blind area caused by the fixed position of a traditional buried spray head is thoroughly eliminated, it is ensured that water can evenly cover the whole circumferential area of the tree root system, the phenomenon of'irrigation of yin and yang surfaces' is effectively avoided, therefore, balanced development and healthy growth of the tree root system are promoted, and the irrigation effect and the water resource utilization rate are remarkably improved.

In a point cloud codec, attributes correspond to nodes in a tree structure. The tree is partitioned into subtrees, each subtree having a respective root node. The root nodes may all be at a layer Lglobal. Attributes of the subtree root nodes may be coded using intra coding, with residuals coded using a region-adaptive hierarchical transform (RAHT). To allow for parallel decoding, nodes of the subtrees may be intra predicted using neighboring nodes from different subtrees as reference nodes even if they have not yet been reconstructed, e.g. by temporarily using the attributes of the subtree root node as the attribute of one or more of the reference nodes for purposes of the intra prediction. Those temporary attributes may be replaced with the actual attributes once the nodes in the subtree have been reconstructed (e.g. using a local RAHT for each subtree).