352 results about "Field observation" patented technology

The invention relates to a leaf area index and chlorophyll content inversion method based on remote sensing image optimization PROSAIL model parameters. The method includes: downloading a remote sensing image and preprocessing the same to obtain multispectral canopy reflectance data; using a PROSAIL model to establish a lookup table according to different parameter combinations, and determining the relation of different parameters and canopy reflectance, namely an regression equation; establishing an objective function, combining the multispectral canopy reflectance data to optimize the parameters until a global minimum and a corresponding parameter combination of the objective function are obtained, and updating the parameters by the aid of the multispectral canopy reflectance data; and performing inversion according to the regression equation, the multispectral canopy reflectance data and the parameter combination, so that a leaf area index and chlorophyll content are obtained. The method extends a traditional method from points to surfaces, field observation data are not needed, cost of measuring the leaf area index and the chlorophyll content by the traditional method is effectively lowered, and inversion accuracy and speed are increased.

The disclosed device, which, using an electron microscope or the like, minutely observes defects detected by an optical appearance-inspecting device or an optical defect-inspecting device, can reliably insert a defect to be observed into the field of an electron microscope or the like, and can be a device of a smaller scale. The electron microscope (5), which observes defects detected by an optical appearance-inspecting device or by an optical defect-inspecting device, has a configuration wherein an optimal microscope (14) that re-detects defects is incorporated, and a spatial filter and a distribution polarization element are inserted at the pupil plane when making dark-field observations using this optical microscope (14). The electron microscope (5), which observes defects detected by an optical appearance-inspecting device or an optical defect-inspecting device, has a configuration wherein an optimal microscope (14) that re-detects defects is incorporated, and a distribution filter is inserted at the pupil plane when making dark-field observations using this optical microscope (14).

The invention discloses a mobile engineering machine and a control system of a support leg thereof. The control system of the support leg of the mobile engineering machine comprises a controller, a horizontal detection device and multiple hydraulic control devices, wherein the horizontal detection device acquires an inclination angle of the mobile engineering machine; multiple support leg oil cylinders are connected with a main hydraulic source through one hydraulic control device respectively; and the controller controls the hydraulic control devices according to the inclination angle of themobile engineering machine. The controller can determine the state of the mobile engineering machine and can enable the support leg oil cylinders to stretch / retract synchronously and enable some of the support leg oil cylinders to stretch or retract so as to perform leveling operation. By using the control system, dependence on the personal experience and field observation and judgment ability ofoperators can be get rid of, and the state transition of the mobile engineering machine can be implemented while the safety of the mobile engineering machine is ensured, thus the control operation efficiency can be greatly improved.

Optical devices and methods for providing wide field magnification to assist the visually impaired, and others, are provided. The optical device includes a plurality of telescopic lens sets, for example, a plurality of telescopes, each telescopic lens set including an objective lens and an ocular lens, and a plurality of refracting optical elements, for example, prisms, positioned in front of at least some of the objective lenses. The refracting optical elements are adapted to at least partially redirect light rays toward at least some of the objective lenses to provide wider fields of view, for example, a wider contiguous field of view. Aspects of the invention can provide fields of view up to 40 degrees or more. These wider fields of view can greatly enhance the visual acuity of the visually impaired, as well as provide wider fields of view for non-corrective purposes, such as for field observations.

The invention belongs to the technical field of optical microscopic imaging and optical precision measurement and relates to a super-resolution differential con-focal microscope with both macro field coverage observation and micro field coverage observation. The invention mainly comprises a laser (1), a beam expander (2), a spectroscope (4), a polarization spectroscope (5), a range extension tracking and measuring system (6), a measuring objective lens (7), two optical collectors (16) and (19), pinholes (17) and (20), detectors (18) and (21), an LED light emitting diode (12) which is arranged in a direction opposite to the reflection direction of the spectroscope and a CCD detector (11) which is arranged in a direction opposite to the reflection direction of a spectroscope (9). The LED light emitting diode and the CCD detector are used for realizing macro-field coverage observation of a con-focal microscope through imaging the surface type of the detected samples, and the axial resolution power of the con-focal microscope can be raised through deploying the optical path of the differential con-focal microscope.

The invention relates to a cyanobacteria biomass spatial-temporal change monitoring and visualization method based on a remote sensing image. The method comprises the following steps: (1) pre-processing the remote sensing image of a research region, and constructing a normalized difference cyanobacteria bloom index (NDI-CB); (2) optimizing characteristics of the remote sensing image by using a characteristic optimization model based on VPRS (Variable Precision Rough Set)-GID (Grey Incidence Decision), and obtaining an optimized multi-characteristic space; (3) establishing a double-weighted SVM (Support Vector Machine) classification model based on a wavelet kernel according to the multi-characteristic space, performing extraction identification and change detection on the spatial distribution information of cyanobacterial bloom, and performing comprehensive verification and precision analysis by combining field observation data; and (4) performing overlapping display on the processed remote sensing image, GIS (Geographic Information System) vector data and the field observation data, thereby realizing the analog simulation of spatial-temporal change processes and rules of erupting the cyanobacterial bloom. Compared with the prior art, the cyanobacteria biomass spatial-temporal change monitoring and visualization method based on the remote sensing image has advantages of high cyanobacteria identifying precision and reliability, and the like, and is beneficial to analyzing and judging of causes and distribution changes of the cyanobacterial bloom.

The invention discloses an ocean current field inversion satellite-borne SAR system based on angle diversity, and a method thereof. The satellite-borne SAR system comprises two radar antennas which are arranged in the flying direction of a satellite, wherein the two radar antennas respectively generate two radar wave beams; and the two wave beams have different squint angles and can irradiate the same area on the ocean surface in different time. The method comprises: utilizing the satellite-borne SAR system and taking a doppler center frequency as the observation variable to perform inversion on an ocean current field; and obtaining a complete velocity vector of an ocean current, that is, the ocean current information obtained through inversion not only includes the radial velocity information of the ocean current but also includes the azimuth velocity information. Compared with a traditional ocean surface current field inversion means, such as field observation and shore-base radar observation, the ocean current field satellite-borne SAR system based on angle diversity can realize inversion of a worldwide ocean current field, can comprehensively know about temporal and spatial variation of the ocean current, and can work all day long and all weather without limitation of meteorological conditions.

A system and method for automatically identifying wildlife in the field is disclosed that provides for identification of observed wildlife specimens without requiring the exercise of skill or judgment by the observer. The system and method for automatically identifying wildlife according to the invention also provides for automatic and easy to use identification of wildlife specimens in the field without distracting the user from wildlife observation. Wildlife identifications generated by the disclosed system and method may be easily stored in the field along with digital images of wildlife specimens, and corresponding location, time, date and elevation information, which may be easily transmitted and added to a wildlife identification database to allow compilation and archival of accumulated wildlife identification information from field observations of wildlife specimens.

The invention discloses an engineering rock mass fracture degradation numerical simulation method based on a continuous medium. The engineering rock mass fracture degradation numerical simulation method comprises the following steps: establishing an engineering object numerical model; selecting a constitutive model of a rock mass in the engineering object numerical model, and endowing the constitutive model with corresponding mechanical parameters; setting an engineering object numerical model boundary condition; excavating the engineering object numerical model, and executing engineering rock mass fracture degradation iterative computation; and obtaining a simulation result, and carrying out research and analysis on a research object. On the basis of keeping original numerical iterative computation, the engineering rock mass fracture degradation numerical simulation method adds the dynamic development of a fracture due to excavation disturbance and caused surrounding rock Young modulus degradation in a stress redistribution process in the surrounding rock, a degraded residual Young modulus can be obtained by data inversion obtained by field observation or theoretical empirical estimation, and a numerical simulation process based on the continuous medium can be more reasonable and precise so as to make a numerical simulation result reliable and true.

The invention discloses a method for in-situ full-field early detection of stainless steel pitting. The method comprises the following steps of 1, carrying out packaging of a stainless steel sample and carrying out mechanical polishing of a working face of the stainless steel sample, 2, preparing an experimental soak solution, and 3, putting a beaker containing the experimental soak solution obtained by the step 2 into a constant-temperature water bath, finishing detection temperature setting, putting the stainless steel sample treated by the step 1 into the beaker in a way that the working face of the stainless steel sample is upward, simultaneously, carrying out an in-situ full-field observation process on the surface of the stainless steel sample by a long-distance microscope and a digital camera, wherein when a display shows that blue spots appear on the surface of the stainless steel sample, pitting occurs, and recording the time between putting-in and taking-out of the stainless steel sample. The method can realize rapid in-situ detection of stainless steel pitting. Pitting information which comprises stainless steel pitting positions, stainless steel pitting number, stainless steel pitting areas and stainless steel pitting occurrence time and can be detected by the method has important academic values and practical application values.

The invention discloses a simulation experiment observation instrument by three-dimensional DC electrical-method and an observation method for simulation experiment teaching. The observation instrument consists of a microcomputer, a DC power supply source and a 256-channel data acquisition instrument. The observation instrument can carry out area observation, two-dimensional observation, four-pole observation and high-density observation. The observation instrument not only retains the measuring function of conventional electrical-method instruments, but also can complete single-electrode power supply and multi-electrode area receiving due to a multi-channel parallel-type receiving mode of the observation instrument. The observation method has the advantages of improving observation efficiency by hundreds of times than the conventional electrical-method instruments, along with simplicity, easy operation, short measuring time, high automation degree and high data resolution, so the observation method is true and reliable in obtained data. The invention can complete study on a special method for multi-electrode power supply and multi-electrode receiving according to different experimental purposes. The observation instrument not only can be used as three-dimensional electrical-method physical-model teaching experiment, but also can be used as a field observation instrument for three-dimensional electrical-method exploration.

The invention discloses a method for establishing a model of a response of flood characteristics of medium and small river basins to the changing environment. According to the method, Meihua-River upstream basins of typhoon-rainstorm prone areas of south China serve as research areas, basin flood characteristics under conditions of climatic changes and land use and land cover changes and the response of the basin flood characteristics to the changing environment are analyzed; a physical geography data set of the research areas is established, then a field observation test is carried out in cooperation with historical screening flood data, the relationships between key runoff-generation-and-confluence parameters and environment factors are determined in cooperation with historical observation data, and the rainstorm-flood runoff generation mechanism in the changing environment of the relationships is discussed; the influence of the climatic changes and the land use and land cover changes on the flood characteristics of the typhoon-rainstorm areas is analyzed; a scientific basis and an infrastructural support are provided for prevention and management of flood damage of the medium and small river basins in typhoon rainstorm areas of south China and a land utilization optimization scheme in the future period.

The invention relates to a structural deformation observation and data processing method at the operation and maintenance stage of a high-speed train. Though a structural deformation observation and data processing at a construction period can predict under-track settlement, the method has adaptability-related problems in the structural deformation monitoring at an operation period. The method comprises the steps of: laying reference points, deformation monitoring points and characteristic section points at two levels; conducting rigorous constraint adjustment to calculate the heights of the reference points, the deformation monitoring points and the characteristic section points; under the situation that the deformation monitoring points are broken or lost, conducting broken height repair to actually measured height difference to eliminate high-difference mutation errors caused by broken height; and calculating actually measured height difference between two adjacent monitoring points, directly adopting the actually measured height difference to conduct differential deformation analysis to the adjacent deformation monitoring points and calculating current additional gradients, accumulated additional gradients, gradient difference and accumulated gradient difference of a line. The structural deformation observation and data processing method at the operation and maintenance stage of the high-speed train has the advantages that the field observation workload is reduced, the differential deformation is accurately and intuitively reflected and comprehensive suggestions are made for the safe operation of railways.

The invention provides an analyzing method for key influence factors and an important degree of the dilatation of a gas-containing coal-rock mass of an exploiting disturbance working surface based on a test in order to avoid that invalid factors are more and cannot be taken out and reasonable distribution of weights of the key influence factors is influenced. The analyzing method comprises the following steps: determining each influence factor of the dilatation of the gas-containing coal-rock mass of the exploiting disturbance working surface; carrying out two-by-two comparison on each key influence factor to determine a judging matrix; establishing a weight set of each key influence factor of the dilatation by adopting a normalization processing method; and furthermore, carrying out consistency identification on the weight of each key influence factor. The method provided by the invention has wide practicability and avoids subjectively giving a key influence factor index; dilatation characteristics and a special judgment standard value are analyzed by a laboratory test according to a field observation experiment, so that an analysis result is scientific, objective, safe and reliable.

The invention relates to a pesticide composition and application thereof, and particularly relates to a sterilization composition containing amino-oligosaccharin and validamycin A as main active ingredients and application of the pesticide composition. The active ingredients of the sterilization composition are amino-oligosaccharin and validamycin with the weight ratio of 1:1 to 1:50, preferably, 1:2 to 1:10. The sterilization composition containing the amino-oligosaccharin and the validamycin, provided by the invention has an excellent control effect, which is better than that of a single-agent variety, for the rice sheath blight disease through actual field trials, and has no pesticide damage through field observation; the field growth vigour is better than that of a contract single-agent pesticide.

The invention provides an automatic cow body condition scoring method. The method comprises steps that the information of a radio frequency label on an ear of a cow is acquired through the reading-writing equipment when the cow passes by, and the information of the radio frequency label comprises the identification information of the cow; the acquired information of the radio frequency label is sent by the reading-writing equipment to a processing platform; after the information of the radio frequency label sent by the reading-writing equipment is received by the processing platform, a control instruction is sent to a scanner; after the control instruction is received by the scanner, 3D images of a back portion of the cow are acquired, and the 3D images are sent to the processing platform; the cow body condition is scored through a preset algorithm by the processing platform according to the 3D images, full-automatic accurate cow body condition scoring is realized, problems of time and labor consuming and strong subjective property existing in a manual field observation touch scoring method in the prior art are solved, and the method is suitable for automatic cow body condition scoring of farming enterprises having high throughput.

The invention belongs to the technical field of greenhouse gas emission reduction of farmland ecosystems, and in particular relates to a method for reducing emission of N2O of dry farmland soil, which comprises the step of: adding a nitrification inhibitor of dicyandiamide and / or 1,2,4-triazole in a nitrogen manure, wherein the dicyandiamide is 2-12 thousandths of the weight of nitrogen in the manure and the 1,2,4-triazole is 1-8 thousandths of the weight of nitrogen in the manure. By adding the nitrification inhibitor of the dicyandiamide and / or the 1,2,4-triazole, and the like in the nitrogen manure of urea, and the like, the invention achieves the purposes of inhibiting the conversion of the nitrogen by the soil nitrification and greatly reducing the emission of the N2O of the dry farmland soil in China, can ensure that the emission of the N2O of the brunisolic soil in the northeast of China, which is suitable for planting crops of corn, bean, wheat, and the like, is reduced by 34-86 percent through field observation at the crop growth period, and has no remarkable influence on the yield of the crops.

The invention relates to a method and device for field observation of soil layer frost heaving of a high speed railway in a seasonal frozen soil region. An optical instrument used for observing seasonal frozen soil layer frost heaving amount cannot be used for observing the frost heaving amount of all layered soil in the freezing depth, precision is hard to meet, and professional instruments and observation technicians are needed for observation. The device is buried in a seasonal frozen soil layer and comprises a round-sheet-shaped lower anchor disc and a round-sheet-shaped upper anchor disc. A vertical measuring bar displacement meter is connected to the center of the lower anchor disc and the center of the upper anchor disc, and the measuring bar displacement meter is connected with a reading instrument arranged outside filled soil above the upper anchor disc through a transmission cable. Frost heaving deformation of the seasonal frozen soil layer drives the upper anchor disc and the lower anchor disc to move, and the measuring bar displacement meter is used for observing the variable quantity of the distance between the upper anchor disc and the lower anchor disc to reflect the frost heaving amount of the seasonal frozen soil layer. By means of the method and device, the total frost heaving amount of the seasonal frozen soil layer can be observed, and the frost heaving amount of all layered soil can be observed by setting devices of different lengths; the displacement meter is high in observation precision and efficiency, and automation of observation of frost heaving deformation can be achieved.

The invention provides a multi-seismic resource sticky sound least square reverse time migration method based on stochastic optimization. The multi-seismic resource sticky sound least square reverse time migration method based on stochastic optimization comprises the steps that 1, field observation record and preset parameter synthesized supergather are read; 2, by adopting a current reflection coefficient model, a data residual error is calculated through multi-seismic resource excitation forward modelling supergather; 3, an update gradient is calculated according to the data residual error; 4, according to a stochastic optimization idea, the gradient is modified, and an update step length is calculated; 5, the reflection coefficient model is updated through the gradient and the update step length. According to the multi-seismic resource sticky sound least square reverse time migration method based on stochastic optimization, the stochastic optimization idea is popularized to sticky sound least square reverse time migration of phase encoding, stochastic fluctuation of the gradient is reduced through the gradient obtained before weighted averaging is conducted, and a good effect is obtained.

The invention relates to a method for determining a level of interference of a direct current transmission line to geomagnetic field observation. The method comprises the steps of establishing a three-dimensional calculating model of a current magnetic field space of the direct current transmission line and calculating the projection of a vector of the current magnetic field in the direction of a geomagnetic observation factor. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: with a line span as a minimum calculating unit, establishing the three-dimensional calculating model of the current magnetic field space according to the longitudes, latitudes and altitude coordinates of all pole towers of the direct current transmission line and all geomagnetic stations in difference places based on a magnetic-field vector superposition principle; projecting the calculated vector of the current magnetic field in the direction of the geomagnetic field observation; and finally, acquiring an additional value of the current magnetic field of the direct current transmission line to the geomagnetic field observation, namely the level of the interference of the direct current transmission line to the geomagnetic field observation.

The invention relates to a method for on-site testing of the start-up pressure gradient and permeability of gas in low-permeability coal reservoirs. By selecting representative blank areas in the low-permeability coal reservoirs in coal mines, drilling holes for pressure measurement and gas drainage holes are constructed. , and seal the pressure measurement borehole and the gas drainage hole respectively, observe and record the pressure gauge readings of the pressure measurement borehole and the gas flow readings of the gas drainage hole, and use the gas seepage equation and the starting pressure gradient formula to derive The permeability of the coal reservoir. This method does not need to process coal samples, and the particle size, moisture content, homogeneity, and confining pressure of the coal body are all characteristics of the coal reservoir in the real state. The permeability of the coal reservoir calculated by long-term field observation The average value is more accurate and can be used as a reference value for the coal reservoir permeability of the low-permeability coal seam in the entire mine. At the same time, this method provides a theoretically accurate and feasible method for testing the gas start-up pressure gradient and permeability of low-permeability coal reservoirs. new ideas.

The invention discloses a construction method for a vacuum combined preloading consolidated foundation, and belongs to the field of building construction. The construction method is characterized by comprising the steps of (1) laying a sand mat; (2) constructing a plastic drainage plate; (3) arranging a drainage filtering water pipe, and constructing a vacuum pumping device and a sealing system; (4) conducting vacuum combined preloading; (5) conducting field observation and instrument embedment. According to the construction method for the vacuum combined preloading consolidated foundation, the reinforcement effect on a soft soil foundation is obvious, soil body solidification can be accelerated, the soil body status is improved, post-construction settlement of a building is reduced, and the novel foundation treatment method is expected to be widely used in construction for hydraulic works.

The invention discloses a surrounding rock supporting construction method of a water-contained roadway of a coal mine and belongs to the field of surrounding rock supporting of underground engineering. The surrounding rock supporting construction method comprises the following steps that (1) primary spraying is conducted after the roadway is excavated; (2) according to the geological conditions of the water-contained roadway, a controllable grouting anchor rod structure is designed, and controllable grouting anchor rod-anchor cable supporting parameters are designed; (3) through the combination of controllable grouting anchor rods, anchor cables, metal nets and sprayed grout supporting, so that a grouting reinforcement waterproof ring is formed, and grout is sprayed onto the surrounding rock on the surface of the roadway; (4) the key portion where supporting needs to be reinforced and water insulation is needed is determined through the field observation technical means such as numerical simulation; (5) the supporting parameters of the water-contained roadway are adjusted and optimized, and grouting reinforcement supporting is conducted on the key portion; and (6) a base plate of the roadway is reasonably supported. The invention further provides a surrounding rock supporting structure. The supporting method and structure are suitable for water-contained roadways with different depths, roadways with broken surrounding rocks, and soft rock roadways; and in addition, construction is easy and convenient, and the supporting method and structure can be popularized within a wide range.

The invention relates to a crop precision irrigation decision-making method and system, and the method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: 1) enabling a field observation system to collect the real-time observation data of a to-be-measured crop at each monitoring point in an irrigation area in real time; 2) constructing an irrigation decision-making model based on the growth and yield prediction of the to-be-tested crops; 3) acquiring weather forecast information of the irrigation area and daily ordinal numbers of to-be-tested crops in the irrigation area in realtime; 4) determining a real-time irrigation decision-making result of the to-be-tested crop in the irrigation area according to the real-time observation data of the to-be-tested crop, the irrigationdecision-making model, the obtained weather forecast information and the obtained daily parameters in the growth period; 5) according to the remote sensing image of the irrigation area, obtaining spatial distribution data of the to-be-measured crops in the irrigation area and air relative humidity, surface temperature and vegetation coverage data of the irrigation area, and 6) determining a precision irrigation decision result of the to-be-measured crops in the irrigation area, and the method can be widely applied to the field of precision irrigation.

A long-distance pipeline GPS control measurement method based on CORS comprises the steps of 1 performing point selection and stone filling according to the distribution situation of long-distance pipelines and forming a control network with multiple measurement control points; 2 performing field observation on the control points and obtaining observation data; 3 performing RINEX format conversion; 4 performing control network baseline solution on the observation data; 5 using accurate three-dimensional coordinates of CORS base stations as starting points to perform constrained adjustment according to the distribution situation of the CORS base stations on the periphery of a measurement region to obtain accurate coordinates of frame network nodes, then using control points in a frame network as starting points to perform constrained adjustment in a conventional operation mode to obtain result data of the whole control network; 6 performing coordinate conversion; 7 performing height fitting to calculate height data of other control points. The data accuracy and the working efficiency are effectively improved.

The invention provides a GNSS occultation ionospheric residual correction method and system, a device and a storage medium. The method comprises the steps of: preprocessing GNSS occultation original observation data, vTEC maps data and geomagnetic field observation data to obtain GNSS occultation geometric data, ionospheric data and geomagnetic field data; based on the GNSS occultation geometric data, a three-dimensional NeUoG ionospheric mode and the ionospheric data, calculating an electron density profile at the location of an ionospheric puncture point on an incident ray side and an emergent ray side; based on the GNSS occultation geometric data, an IGRF geomagnetic field mode and the geomagnetic field data, calculating a geomagnetic field intensity profile along a signal path at the location of the ionospheric puncture point on the incident ray side and the emergent ray side; based on the electron density and the geomagnetic field intensity along the signal path, calculating a bending angle ionospheric residual profile. The method of the invention can be used in the atmospheric parameter inversion of a single GNSS occultation event, weakens the influence of the ionospheric residual, obtains a high-precision GNSS occultation curved angular profile, and is efficient and reliable.

The invention discloses a 3D laser scanner spherical target of an installation positioning device and a using method thereof. A GPS antenna is detachably installed above a spherical target of a 3D laser scanner, and the center of the GPS antenna is coaxial with the center of the spherical target. The 3D laser scanner spherical target and the GPS are integrated. Differential measurement is performed through a GPS receiver on a base station in a measurement area and a GPS receiver on the target to get the center coordinates of the spherical target. Point cloud block splicing and coordinate system conversion are carried out by using the center coordinates of a common target scanned by adjacent scanning sites. Direct and quick measurement of the center coordinates of the 3D laser scanner spherical target is realized. Moreover, there is no need for inter-vision between the GPS base station and the spherical target measuring station, field observation is greatly facilitated, and the work efficiency is improved.

The invention relates to the field of ocean monitoring equipment, in particular to a buoy system applied to the field observation of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of an ocean vortex. The system comprises a water sail, a wave energy buoy platform, a floating ball, a steel cable and an anchor block, the water sail is composed of four sail boards, the four sail boards are fixedly connected to the outer frame of the wave energy buoy platform in a cross shape, the floating ball is connected to the top end of the steel cable, the anchor block is connected to the bottom end of the steel cable, and the steel cable passes through the wave energy buoy platform which is crawled along the steel cable. The system can flow with the ocean vortex to achieve long-term continuous, adaptive-tracking, multi-parameter-synchronization and ultra-high space-time recognizing observation of the ocean vortex, especially a sub-middle-scale vortex three-dimensional section structure.

The present invention relates to a system and a method for automatic collection of field ecological environment observation data based on an unmanned aerial vehicle. The system comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle remote control terminal, an unmanned aerial vehicle collection terminal and a ground data management terminal. The unmanned aerial vehicle remote control terminal controls flight of theunmanned aerial vehicle collection terminal; the unmanned aerial vehicle collection terminal sends a data collection request to the ground data management terminal, receives observation data fed backby the ground data management terminal and performs storage of the observation data; and the ground data management terminal receives the data collection request and performs feedback of the corresponding observation data to the ground data management terminal. Two parties requiring communication are provided with corresponding communication modules which are configured to establish connection ina mutually communicating distance range to achieve data transmission, even though at an area having no coverage of a public network, automatic collection of the observation data can be achieved, and therefore, the field observation area is enlarged, the collection efficiency is improved, and the reliability and the safety of collection of the field ecological environment observation area are effectively improved.