This application discloses a one-dimensional variational inversion method and apparatus for GNSS
occultation data. The method includes background field preparation: interpolating temperature, air pressure, and
water vapor pressure from the grid field to the
latitude and
longitude of the
occultation data; simultaneously, interpolating the
liquid water content and
ice water content in the clouds to the
latitude and
longitude of the
occultation data to obtain the background field profile required for inversion; and inputting
observation data and background field: inputting the occultation data, background field profile, observation error
covariance matrix, and background field error
covariance matrix into the one-dimensional variational inversion
system. By adding
liquid water content and
ice water content terms to the observation operator, the deviation between the
observation data and the background
field data is calculated, and the distribution characteristics of the deviation are statistically analyzed. After adding
liquid water and
ice water, the average
refractive index deviation between the two types of data is significantly reduced.