98 results about "Atmospheric sounding" patented technology

The invention discloses a remote in-situ integrated test system for planet surface substances and atmosphere. The whole system comprises: a miniature pulse solid state laser, a Cassegrain telescope system, a one-dimensional precise mobile platform, a continuous light indicating positioning laser, various optical elements and echelle spectrographs, ICCD, a high-resolution camera and a photomultiplier. According to the system and method of the invention, the combination of technologies of laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), Raman spectroscopy (Raman), and laser radar is realized in the same system; the system of the invention adopts modular design, is high in integration level, small in size, and light in weight, and can realize long-distance surface microimaging, long-distance substance element analysis, long-distance substance composition analysis, and planet boundary layer atmosphere detection.

This invention discloses a synthetic multifunctional middle and upper atmosphere monitoring laser radar, which is made up of laser emission (1), optical receiving (2), signal detecting (3). This radar reasonably mixes together Rayleigh scattering laser radar, natrium fluorescent light laser radar and Rayleigh monitoring wind laser radar. The invention makes hardware be of multiple utilization, implements a laser radar monitors density, temperature, fluctuation and wind field of middle and upper atmosphere all the day. This laser radar utilizes key techniques such as: three direction fixed receiving and dispatching, optical fiber switch, single channel and borderline wind monitoring, launching laser and backward wave frequency discrimination frequency inter locked on molecule transition, atom filtration, complex filtration, twice multiple-frequency remnant light reuse, double optical fiber spectro-surface, square pulse dye laser atom steady frequency. The invention has advantages of stable and reliable working, high detection precision, high automatic, more monitoring parameter and long monitor time.

Methods and apparatus for atmospheric sounding using acoustic chirps are disclosed, the transmitted and echo chirps being compared in a mixer that yields frequency sums and differences. Preferably, the mixing is performed as a complex multiplication in the Fourier domain. In one system (1) a signal generator (5) such as a PC sound card drives a loudspeaker (3) that serves as a transmitter and echo pulses are detedcted by a microphone (4) that serves as a receiver. Chirps transmitted by the loudspeaker (3) travel by different paths (7a and 7b) due to reflection from TILS or thermal inversion layers (2a and 2b) at different altitudes. The transmitted and echo chirp signals are compared in a mixer (6) from which various outputs (8 and 9) can be generated. One output (8) might be the magnitude of the difference between the transmitted and echo chirp tones, instant by instant, which is indicative of the altitudes of the respective TILs. The other output (9) might be the phase shift in an echo tone with transit time, which is indicative of vertical wind velocity at different altitudes. Such sounding methods and apparatus are useful for weather research, prediction of plume dispersal and the design of microwave links to minimize multipath fading.

The invention discloses a wide-spectrum spatial heterodyne spectrometer, which overcomes the defect that the conventional spatial heterodyne spectrometer has a narrow spectrum in the prior art. A blazed grating component consists of a first echelle grating and a second echelle grating which are respectively positioned on a reflection light path and a transmission light path formed by a beam splitting element for the first time; an angle relationship and a position relationship between the two echelle gratings are that: (1) a reflection beam and a transmission beam which are split by the beam splitting element for the first time are transmitted to the two echelle gratings at a Littrow angle; and (2) by taking the conventional position relationship between the blazed grating component and the beam splitting element as the standard, the first echelle grating rotates alpha / 4 degrees around a first rotating shaft, and the second echelle grating rotates -alpha / 4 degrees around a second rotating shaft; and a controllable optical shutter serving as a hierarchy selection mask is arranged at a superposed position of focal planes of a fringe imaging system. The wide-spectrum spatial heterodyne spectrometer has the advantages of high stability, high spectral resolution and wide-spectrum coverage, and is very suitable for satellite-borne spatial environment remote sensing and atmospheric sounding.

The invention relates to a hadamard transform imaging spectrometer based on a bridge type grating light modulator, and the spectrometer provided by the invention can be applied to a linear array detector or single point detector. The hadamard transform imaging spectrometer comprises a receiving optical system, a chromatic dispersion element, an imaging mirror, a bridge type grating light modulator array, a focusing mirror and a detector, wherein the radiation information of a target is imaged on the chromatic dispersion element in lines by the receiving optical system according to different time sequences; after being split by the chromatic dispersion element, the radiation information is imaged on the programmable bridge type grating light modulator array by the imaging mirror; the bridge type grating light modulator array is programmed and driven according to a hadamard coding template, thereby allowing lights with different wavelengths to pass through in a manner of specific combination; the lights are focused on the detector by the focusing mirror; and finally, the space dimensional information and spectrum dimensional information of the target are acquired by performing the hadamard inverse transformation. The hadamard transform imaging spectrometer has the advantages of small volume, light weight, low cost, high speed and high signal to noise ratio. The hadamard transform imaging spectrometer can be widely applied to the fields of aerial remote sensing, industry, agriculture, biomedicine, matter analysis and classification, universal and astronomic surveillance, environment and disaster monitoring, atmospheric detection, searching and tracking for military targets, and the like.

The invention discloses an all-time overall height atmospheric sounding and observing laser radar, and relates to a laser radar which can sound and observe various atmospheric parameters from the near ground to the height 110 kilometers above the ground. The laser radar consists of three parts, namely a laser emitting part (1), an optical receiving part (2) and a signal detection part (3). By the organic combination of dual wavelength emission, simultaneous three channel reception, narrow band filter and reception-emission combined adjusting and the like, the all-time overall height atmospheric sounding and observing laser radar is formed. The laser radar has the advantages that: at night, the radar can simultaneously sound and observe the atmospheric parameters in the height range of 1 to 110 kilometers; and in the daytime, the radar can simultaneously sound and observe the atmospheric parameters in two sections of height ranges of 1 to 60 kilometers and 80 to 110 kilometers; moreover, the radar also has the advantages of scientific technical proposal, high systematic integration level, good automaticity, reliable operation and convenient use, and provides a high-performance sounding way for research of the medium-upper atmosphere and environment monitoring of the medium-upper atmosphere.

The invention relates to a method for increasing a signal and noise ratio of an atmospheric sounding Fourier infrared spectrometer. The method comprises the following steps of according to the working principle of the Fourier infrared spectrometer, sampling a zero-crossing pulse of an interference signal of the Fourier infrared spectrometer by a high-frequency clock, dividing the cycle of each zero-crossing pulse into a plurality of subpulses with equal time intervals, and using each divided subpulse as a triggering signal, so as to realize the oversampling of the infrared interference signal; converting the time coordinate information of the collected infrared interference signal sampling point into optical path difference coordinate information, and performing equal-optical path difference interpolation resampling and calculation on the sampling data crossing zero, and performing digital downsampling filtering on the resampled data. The method has the advantages that the data sampling frequency is improved, the digital filtering is realized, the aliasing noise and quantizing noise in the sampling can be eliminated, the noise introduced by an analog filtering device is avoided, and the signal and noise ratio of the spectrometer is increased.

The invention belongs to the field of atmospheric detection and particularly relates to a device and a method for measuring the two-waveband cloud height of a foundation. The device provided by the invention comprises a data processor, two visible light image sensors, an infrared sensor and a ground weather data receiving module, wherein the two visible light image sensors are respectively connected with the processor and used for obtaining and measuring the cloud images of a region sky; the infrared sensor is used for obtaining the air temperature of the region sky; the ground weather data receiving module is used for obtaining the ground weather data of a ground automatic weather station; and the processor computes the two-imaging cloud base height according to the image pair which is formed by the images, computes the vertical temperature descending gradient coefficients under the region cloud by combining the sky air temperature and the ground weather data to form a coefficient array and computes the region cloud height by selecting the multiple coefficient of the coefficient array. In the invention, a vertical temperature descending gradient coefficient array is formed by continuously obtaining and measuring the vertical temperature descending gradient coefficients under the region sky cloud, and the cloud height of the measured region sky is computed by selecting the multiple coefficients in the coefficient array, thereby greatly enhancing the accuracy that the infrared sensor measures the cloud height.

The present invention discloses a non-scanning continuous optical coherence speed measurement laser radar based on time-division multiplexing. According to the radar, a fiber continuous laser is used as a light source, and through focusing laser beams at an atmosphere detection region, by using aerosol back direction scattered signal of a laser focusing part and the mode of local oscillator optical coherent beat frequency, wind speed detection is realized. Receiving ends are two optical transceivers with a fixed direction and an adjustable focal distance, the two optical transceivers alternatively work through the time-division multiplexing technology, and thus non-scanning wind vector detection is realized. At the same time, the direction of the two transceivers can be adjusted according to different applications, thus the large wind vector measurement and the measurement of the speed of the platform where the laser radar is are realized, and the radar has the advantages of high detection accuracy, low cost, compact structure, electromagnetic interference resistance, and stable system.

The invention relates to a device and method for increasing breakdown point distance of laser-induced air breakdown. The method includes: using a beam combiner to combine a femtosecond laser pulse and a nanosecond laser pulse, regulating the time delay between the femtosecond laser pulse and the nanosecond laser pulse to allow the femtosecond laser pulse to be a certain time ahead of the nanosecond laser pulse, and using a concave reflecting mirror to focus the femtosecond laser pulse and the nanosecond laser pulse in the air to generate induced breakdown. Compared with common laser-induced breakdown, the method has the advantages that the femtosecond laser pulse is focused in advance to form preionization in the air, generated electrons lower the breakdown threshold of the nanosecond laser pulse in the air to allow the breakdown point of the induced breakdown generated by the nanosecond laser pulse to be farther than breakdown point of a traditional method, and the farther breakdown point lays a foundation for the development of remote atmospheric sounding technology, and the method is significant to the remote detection of the gas components and content in an atmospheric environment.

The invention provides a ground-based microwave radiometer, a scaling method thereof and an atmosphere detecting method. The ground-based microwave radiometer comprises a flat mirror, a motor, a scanning control circuit, a lens, a feed source, a demultiplexer, a receiver unit, a scaling member and a data acquisition management unit. The radiometer utilizes the flat mirror for scanning and utilizesthe lens for focusing a plane wave which is reflected by the flat mirror so that relative position between the flat mirror and the feed source is fixed. The ground-based microwave radiometer preventsan output fluctuation phenomenon caused by standing-wave ratio change of an antenna feed system after relative position change between a parabolic reflecting surface antenna and the feed source in rotation, and furthermore prevents the defects of high machining difficulty and high cost in the parabolic reflecting surface antenna. Furthermore, according to the radiometer, the scaling method in which absolute scaling and real-time scaling are combined is utilized; not only can scaling accuracy be improved, but also system applicability to an environment can be improved.