748results about "Photometry electrical circuits" patented technology

The embodiment of the invention provides an optical detection device which comprises an imaging assembly and a photoelectric detection device, and the imaging assembly is used for forming an image on an image plane of a to-be-detected area of a wafer. And the photoelectric detection device is used for receiving images and is arranged at the image plane. The photoelectric detection device comprises a light beam separation assembly and a sensor assembly, the light beam separation assembly is used for dividing a continuous first light signal in an image into multiple beams of second light signals, and the light beam separation assembly comprises a microlens array. The sensor assembly is used for receiving multiple beams of second optical signals, and each pixel unit of each sensor in the sensor assembly is used for receiving one beam of second optical signal in the multiple beams of second optical signals. The sensor assembly comprises a single-pixel sensor, and the single-pixel sensor corresponds to one micro lens in the micro lens array; and / or, the sensor assembly comprises a multi-pixel sensor, the multi-pixel sensor corresponds to a plurality of microlenses in the microlens array, and spatial segmentation is beneficial to improving the signal-to-noise ratio.

The invention provides a signal acquisition system of a photoelectric detector. In the signal acquisition system, a transimpedance pre-amplification circuit is arranged at the output end of the photoelectric detector, and a passive high-pass filter circuit is connected between the transimpedance pre-amplification circuit and a post-voltage amplification circuit. And a feedback network is formed in the transimpedance pre-amplification circuit and is used for converting a current signal output by the photoelectric detector into a proportional first voltage signal and outputting the proportional first voltage signal. The filter circuit is a third-order LC high-pass filter circuit and is used for suppressing direct current, low frequency and self-beat frequency components and keeping a 10-90MHz pass band flat. The rear voltage amplification circuit adopts a voltage amplification structure of a voltage operational amplifier, the voltage gain Av is 6-10, and the super-band gain is limited through a shunt capacitor. According to the embodiment of the invention, through the structure and parameter setting, the noise gain peak value is suppressed, and the system stability is improved.

Disclosed herein is a single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) pixel circuit, including a SPAD having an anode coupled to a negative voltage and a cathode and a cascode transistor having a drain coupled to the cathode of the SPAD, a gate controlled by a cascode control signal, and a source. A readout circuit is coupled to the source of the cascode transistor and configured to detect a voltage change at the source of the cascode transistor and generate a pulse indicating an occurrence of an avalanche event. An active quenching circuit is coupled to the cathode of the SPAD and configured to detect an onset of the avalanche event and pull the cathode of the SPAD to a negative voltage to quench the avalanche event.

The embodiment of the invention provides a photoelectric detection device and an optical detection device. The photoelectric detection device comprises a light beam separation assembly and a sensor assembly. The light beam separating assembly is used for separating the first light signal into a plurality of beams of second light signals. The sensor assembly is used for receiving multiple beams of second optical signals. The sensor assembly includes a plurality of sensors, the plurality of sensors including a multi-pixel sensor. The continuous first optical signal is divided into a plurality of small discrete second optical signals through the light beam separation assembly, so that the light sensing area of each sensor corresponding to a sample is further reduced, the haze noise on a single sensor is further reduced through the small light sensing area, and the haze noise on the single sensor is further reduced under the condition that the original first optical signal is not changed. Noise on a single sensor is reduced, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the photoelectric detection device is improved.

The invention discloses a color cast correction method and device for white picture brightness compensation and a storage medium. The color cast correction method and device are used for performing dual correction on a display screen after Demura compensation is performed on the basis of a white picture. The method comprises the following steps: collecting regional images of a target screen under different exposure times, and calculating to obtain a brightness data mean value of a plurality of regional images; establishing a mapping relation according to the brightness data mean value and the actual brightness data of the regional image; calculating Euclidean distances from the centers of the plurality of regional images to the center of the target screen; constructing a brightness-exposure response function according to the mapping relation and the Euclidean distance to obtain a brightness-exposure characteristic matrix; correcting the brightness data mean value for the first time by using the brightness-exposure characteristic matrix to obtain first corrected brightness data; constructing a chromaticity-brightness correction function of each pixel point in the target screen; and correcting the first corrected brightness data for the second time by using the chroma-brightness correction function to obtain second corrected brightness data.

The utility model provides a gain control device of a silicon photomultiplier, which comprises a temperature sensing module arranged on the surface of the silicon photomultiplier and used for sensing the temperature of the silicon photomultiplier and generating temperature information; one end of the voltage conversion circuit is connected with the first power supply, the other end is connected with the power supply input end of the silicon photomultiplier, and the voltage conversion circuit is used for performing voltage conversion on the first power supply and outputting conversion voltage to the silicon photomultiplier; the processing module is connected with the temperature sensing module and the voltage conversion circuit and used for obtaining the temperature information, generating a voltage control signal based on the temperature information and according to the temperature-voltage mapping relation, sending the voltage control signal to the voltage conversion circuit so as to supply power to the voltage conversion circuit, conducting voltage conversion on the first power source based on the voltage control signal and outputting the converted voltage. And outputting a conversion voltage corresponding to the voltage control signal. The gain control device of the silicon photomultiplier provided by the utility model improves the accuracy of gain control of the silicon photomultiplier.

The invention relates to the field of computational imaging, in particular to a computational imaging method of a crossed strip-shaped anode single-photon detector, which comprises the following steps of: screening effective data through full-view-field illumination, and calculating an average output signal amplitude of each anode strip and a total average output signal amplitude of all anode strips to obtain a correction factor; the method comprises the following steps of: correcting an original output signal of each anode strip by adopting a correction factor during target imaging, performing effective signal data screening on the corrected original output signal, substituting effective signal data into a Gaussian algorithm to calculate an incidence position coordinate, mapping the incidence position coordinate to a mapping matrix, and stretching the incidence position coordinate to a 256 gray level for display. According to the calculation imaging method provided by the invention, the fixed mode noise can be suppressed, the imaging resolution is improved, and the image distortion is reduced.

The embodiment of the invention provides a photoelectric detection device and an optical detection device. The photoelectric detection device comprises a light beam separation assembly and a sensor assembly. The light beam separation assembly is used for dividing a continuous first light signal into a plurality of beams of second light signals at different spatial positions. The sensor assembly is used for receiving multiple beams of second optical signals. The sensor assembly includes a plurality of sensors, the plurality of sensors including single-pixel sensors. The continuous first optical signal is divided into a plurality of small discrete second optical signals through the light beam separation assembly, so that the light sensing area of each sensor corresponding to a sample is further reduced, the haze noise on a single sensor is further reduced through the small light sensing area, and the haze noise on the single sensor is further reduced under the condition that the original first optical signal is not changed. Noise on a single sensor is reduced, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the photoelectric detection device is improved.

A high-speed, low-noise laser signal detection apparatus, comprising a low-noise linear regulated power supply and a laser detection processing module. The low-noise linear regulated power supply (01-03) comprises an isolation unit (01), a voltage regulation and filtering unit (02), and a reference unit (03). The laser detection processing module (04-09) comprises a laser light signal detection input unit (05), a bias unit (04), a differential amplification unit (07), an active filtering unit (08), and an output interface unit (09). An output end of the voltage regulation and filtering unit (02) is connected to the reference unit (03) and the laser detection processing module (04-09). The reference unit (03) is connected to the bias unit (04) and is configured to provide a reference voltage to the bias unit (04). The bias unit (04) is configured to provide a bias voltage to the differential amplification unit (07). The differential amplification unit (07) comprises a multi-stage in-phase proportional differential amplification circuit, and the active filtering unit (08) comprises a multi-order active low-pass filter. According to the high-speed, low-noise laser signal detection apparatus, the detection bandwidth of a laser signal can be expanded, the signal-to-noise ratio of high-frequency pulse measurement can be reduced, and the anti-interference characteristics of a power supply can be improved.

An electronic device may include: a display, a light sensor, and at least one processor configured to obtain a first illuminance value based on illuminance data obtained through the light sensor for a first time during which the display is turned on and off, obtain a second illuminance value based on illuminance data obtained through the light sensor for a second time shorter than the first time, while the display is turned on and off, determine a third illuminance value based on the first illuminance value and the second illuminance value, determine a fourth illuminance value based on color information about an image displayed through the display and information related to a luminance of the display, and determine a correction value for correcting an illuminance value obtained through the light sensor based on the third illuminance value and the fourth illuminance value.

The invention provides a single-photon detector gating signal generation system and generation method. The system comprises a bias voltage source; the gating circuit is provided with a first sine branch and a second sine branch, the first sine branch is configured to output a first sine voltage signal, and the second sine branch is configured to output a second sine voltage signal; the frequency of the first sinusoidal voltage signal is greater than that of the second sinusoidal voltage signal; the second sinusoidal voltage signal, the first sinusoidal voltage signal and the bias voltage signal are matched to generate a gating signal acting on the avalanche photodiode; based on the period of the first sinusoidal voltage signal, the gating signal has an amplitude greater than a preset value in a continuous first number of periods, and the gating signal does not have an amplitude greater than the preset value in a subsequent continuous second number of periods. The generated gating signal can accelerate the carrier removal process from the physical mechanism level, the post-pulse probability is suppressed, the required dead time is effectively shortened, and the data rate of the detector is further improved.

The invention relates to sensor system arrangements and configurations. In particular, the invention provides methods, devices, systems and computer program products for integrating, compositing and / or processing data representing a measurable state within a region-of-interest, that has been received from a plurality of sensors that respectively have different input sensitivities, spectral sensitivity ranges and / or input capture ranges.

A photon counting device includes: a plurality of pixels each including a photoelectric conversion element and an amplifier amplifying charge to which input light is converted by the photoelectric conversion element and converting the amplified charge to a voltage; an A / D converter converting a voltage output from the amplifier of each of the plurality of pixels to a digital value; a first derivation unit configured to derive a provisional value of photon number in each of the plurality of pixels based on the digital value; and a second derivation unit configured to derive a confirmed value of photon number in a target pixel based on a first probability associated with a photon number distribution and a second probability associated with reading noise.

The present invention relates to an improved system and method for imaging, based on single photon detectors (SPDs), whereby false positives are suppressed.

The invention provides an avalanche signal reading circuit and a single photon avalanche detector, which can be applied to the technical field of weak light detection. The readout circuit includes: a gating signal generator configured to generate a gating signal; under the condition that a gating signal is applied to the single photon avalanche diode, an output signal generated by the single photon avalanche diode comprises peak noise with time domain symmetry and an avalanche signal; the beam splitter is configured to receive an output signal of the single photon avalanche diode and perform beam splitting on the output signal to obtain a first beam splitting signal and a second beam splitting signal; the beam splitting signal adjusting module is configured to enable the peak noise carried by the first beam splitting signal and the peak noise carried by the second beam splitting signal to have matched amplitude and relative delay; and the beam combiner is configured to combine the adjusted first beam splitting signal and the adjusted second beam splitting signal so as to obtain an avalanche signal after peak noise suppression.

The invention provides a radiation energy measurement method and system, and relates to the technical field of radiation measurement, and the method comprises the steps: generating a driving laser by using a laser, focusing the driving laser, irradiating the focused driving laser on a target material in a vacuum chamber, generating plasma, and emitting extreme ultraviolet radiation; acquiring a trigger signal by using a delay generator, and synchronously starting energy acquisition and spectrum detection according to a set time delay; collecting the extreme ultraviolet radiation through an energy measurement module to obtain first radiation energy data; meanwhile, acquiring extreme ultraviolet radiation spectrum data of the same pulse; calculating a spectrum correction factor based on the spectrum data, and correcting the responsivity coefficient of the energy measurement module in real time; and calculating radiation energy in a preset bandwidth range by using the corrected responsivity coefficient. According to the method, the responsivity of the energy meter can be dynamically corrected by combining the spectrum, and the accuracy and long-term stability of the result are ensured.

A method and system are provided for rapidly determining equi-depth histogram (ED histogram) boundaries for single photon arrival times without storing complete photon timestamp histories. A plurality of control values (CVs) is initialized for a plurality of binners that classify photon events as early or late relative to the respective CVs. Upon detecting photon arrivals, early and late arrival counts are used to update the CVs using an improved stepping strategy. The disclosed stepping strategy includes scaling a base step size, smoothing with exponential smoothing, temporally decaying the smoothed step size, and further smoothing to produce the step size for updating the CV. The disclosed stepping approach enables the CVs to rapidly converge to the desired quantile locations with low bias and variance compared to previous methods. The optimized stepping strategy is robust to noise and background light, providing accurate distance estimates while reducing bandwidth requirements.

The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, and discloses a distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system based on photon counting and a measurement method, which can remarkably improve the sensing distance, the spatial resolution and the spatial positioning precision. According to the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: aiming at different segments of a sensing optical fiber, controlling the attenuation amount of a variable optical attenuator, and carrying out detection and time-dependent single photon counting on backscattered light from different segments on the sensing optical fiber by utilizing a single photon avalanche diode and a time-dependent single photon counter, and temperature distribution information of the sensing optical fiber is demodulated based on a time correlation single photon counting result.

The invention belongs to the technical field of optical measurement, and discloses an implementation device and method of a single-photon spectrograph, and the device comprises a spectral wavelength scanning module which is used for collecting a wide-spectrum optical signal, carrying out the wave division processing, and calculating the photon counting change rate between adjacent wavelengths; wavelength stepping is dynamically adjusted according to the photon counting change rate, self-adaptive scanning of spectrum change is achieved, and a single-spectrum optical signal is output; the self-focusing detection module is used for converting the single-spectrum optical signal into a photon event through a preset array channel; in a preset time window, calculating the variance and the Shannon entropy of each photon event, and constructing a local uncertainty index; performing spectral domain self-focusing and resampling according to the local uncertainty index to obtain photon counting data; high-precision, high-stability and high-efficiency spectrum light signal detection and visual analysis are realized.

The invention relates to the technical field of photoelectric detection, and provides a single-photon counter circuit for weak light detection based on a photomultiplier, and the single-photon counter comprises a photoelectric conversion circuit, a differential amplification circuit, a threshold comparison circuit and a signal shaping circuit. The photoelectric conversion circuit is composed of a photomultiplier, a high-voltage power supply circuit and a voltage division circuit, detects weak light signals and outputs two paths of current signals through photoelectric conversion. The differential amplification circuit carries out differential amplification on the two current signals through a differential amplifier. The threshold comparison circuit compares two input signals, filters out signals with the amplitude lower than 1 / 2 of a set threshold, and outputs a single-path effective signal. And the signal shaping circuit shapes the effective signal and finally outputs the effective signal in a TTL pulse mode. According to the single photon counter circuit for weak light detection, the background dark counting rate is low, the sensitivity is high, and the counting unit module specially used for digital pulse statistics is connected behind the single photon counter circuit for counting single photons.

A method and devices for fabricating optical emitters. The method includes disposing a flake of a multi-layer material onto a wafer. The wafer has an aperture over which a portion of the flake is disposed. The flake has a first surface partially in contact with the wafer, and a second surface opposite the first surface. The method further includes disposing a deceleration mask layer adjacent the flake. The deceleration mask layer has a flake-side surface adjacent to the flake, and an exposed surface opposite the flake-side surface. An ion beam is directed at the exposed surface of the deceleration mask layer to decelerate ions of the ion beam until at least a portion of the ions are implanted in the flake.

An active clamp photoelectric sensing device includes an input terminal, a first output terminal, a current-to-voltage conversion circuit, and an active clamp circuit. The input terminal receives an input current. The first output terminal outputs a first output voltage. The current-to-voltage conversion circuit is coupled between the input terminal and the first output terminal, and is used to discharge and lower potentials of the input terminal and the first output terminal to a first set voltage according to the state of a reset signal, or is used to gradually increase the first output voltage to a second set voltage. The active clamping circuit is coupled to the current-to-voltage conversion circuit, and is used to clamp the upper limit of the first output voltage to the second set voltage.

The invention relates to a method for providing a current brightness value (H) relating to an ambient brightness. At least one first brightness raw value (HR) and, chronologically thereafter, at least one second brightness raw value (HR) are detected by means of at least one brightness sensor (14), an averaging process at least using the at least one first brightness raw value (HR) is carried out at least for the at least one second brightness raw value (HR), and the result of the averaging process is provided as a current average brightness value (HM). According to the invention, a gradient limiting process is carried out for the current average brightness value (HM), the deviation of the current average brightness value (HM) from at least one previously provided brightness value (H) being limited to at least one maximally permissible value according to the gradient limiting process if the deviation of the current average brightness value (HM) from the at least one previously provided brightness value (H) is greater than the at least one maximally permissible value, and the result of the gradient limiting process is provided as the current brightness value (H).

The present disclosure provides a sensor arrangement for reflecting scattered light from a laser beam. The sensor arrangement comprises a first optical element; a cone of a housing disposed behind the first optical element in the direction of the beam path of a laser beam, where the cone of the housing comprises a conical staircase-shaped reflector whose shape corresponds to the shape of the cone of the housing, and where the conical staircase-shaped reflector is formed of a plurality of ring-shaped elements, with each ring-shaped element having reflector surfaces on the inner side facing the beam path of the laser beam; and an element for receiving the light reflected by the respective reflector surfaces of the plurality of ring-shaped elements is arranged on the side of the optical element opposite to the cone of the housing.

The invention discloses a compact InGaAs detector with a built-in current-voltage conversion and conditioning circuit, a laser detection device and a laser detection method, which are mainly used for solving the technical problems that the existing InGaAs detector cannot directly and stably output a voltage signal and needs to be externally connected with a complex current-voltage conversion and conditioning circuit to obtain the voltage signal. The invention relates to a compact InGaAs detector with a built-in current and voltage conversion and conditioning circuit, which comprises a shell and a light window, the shell and the light window form an airtight cavity, and an InGaAs chip, the current and voltage conversion circuit, the conditioning circuit and a diaphragm are arranged in the airtight cavity. The InGaAs chip converts a received optical signal into a current signal, the current and voltage conversion circuit converts the current signal into a voltage signal, and the conditioning circuit conditions the voltage signal and outputs a conditioning signal Vout. The technical problem that a common InGaAs detector directly outputs a current signal is solved.

An imaging apparatus includes an image pickup element including a light receiving unit configured to output a pulse signal in response to incidence of a photon, and a counting unit configured to count the pulse signal, an acquisition unit configured to acquire a blinking frequency of a light source and a light emission time period of the light source, and a control unit configured to control an exposure time period for an image in the image pickup element and a counting frequency at which the counting unit performs counting based on the acquired blinking frequency of the light source and the acquired light emission time period of the light source.

The present invention discloses a pyroelectric photodetector based on black silicon carbide ceramics and a pyroelectric optical power meter / pyroelectric optical energy meter using the pyroelectric photodetector. The pyroelectric photodetector includes a heat-conducting plate (21) made of black silicon carbide ceramics, one surface of which is a light-absorbing surface (211). A thermopile (22) or a series-connected conductive metal layer (302) is installed on either side of the heat-conducting plate (21) to form the pyroelectric photodetector. By using black silicon carbide ceramics simultaneously as the heat-conducting plate (21) and the light absorber, the pyroelectric photodetector is directly combined with the thermopile (21) or the series-connected conductive metal layer (302), simplifying the structure of the pyroelectric photodetector. At the same time, black silicon carbide ceramics have a high thermal conductivity coefficient, a small thermal expansion coefficient, high heat resistance, a high laser damage threshold, and the light absorbing surface can be cleaned by polishing, which reduces the failure rate of pyroelectric photodetectors and significantly extends their service life.

A readout circuit (110) is proposed. The readout circuit (110) is configured to convert an analog sensor charge (112) into a digital output count (114). The readout circuit (110) comprises at least one integrate and fire (IAF) circuit (116). The IAF circuit (116) is configured to convert the analog sensor charge (112) into a first digital output count (118). An analog voltage residue (120) after the last IAF cycle is further processed. The readout circuit (110) includes at least one analog-to-digital converter (ADC) (122). The ADC (122) is configured to convert the analog voltage residue (120) into a second digital output (124). Furthermore, the input charge to the readout circuit is a photodetector (182), and a method of readout of the analog sensor charge (112) is proposed.

The utility model relates to a PD detection alarm protection circuit of a laser. The PD detection alarm protection circuit comprises a PD sensor, a resistance voltage division circuit, an in-phase proportion amplification circuit, a comparator circuit and a voltage reference circuit, the PD sensor collects a PD photocurrent signal of the laser and then sends the PD photocurrent signal to the resistance voltage division circuit; the resistance voltage division circuit converts the PD photocurrent signal into a PD voltage signal and then sends the PD voltage signal to the in-phase proportion amplification circuit; the in-phase proportional amplification circuit amplifies the PD voltage signal and then transmits the PD voltage signal to one input end of the comparator circuit, the other input end of the comparator circuit is connected with the voltage reference circuit, and the output end of the comparator circuit outputs a processed PD signal; by optimizing a pre-stage amplification framework and a post-stage reference design, the detection reliability is remarkably improved while the cost is reduced, and the detection response speed is very high. And real-time monitoring can be realized through an upper computer. The system is especially suitable for a safety protection system of industrial laser equipment.

The application provides a wireless energy transmission unit, device and method. The wireless energy transmission unit comprises a radiation source, a light emitter, a controller and a metasurface. The radiation source is configured to emit an electromagnetic wave signal; the controller is configured to control the light emitter to provide light sources with different light intensities; the light emitter provides light sources with different light intensities in response to the control of the controller; and the metasurface is configured to adjust the phase of the electromagnetic wave signal incident on the metasurface; wherein the equivalent impedance of the metasurface changes with the change of the light intensity, so that the phase shift of the electromagnetic wave signal emitted through the metasurface also changes with the change of the light intensity. Since the controller controls the light emitter to provide light sources with different light intensities, the equivalent impedance of the metasurface changes accordingly, so that the phase of the electromagnetic wave signal incident on the metasurface can be controlled with higher precision, and thus the electromagnetic wave signal emitted by the wireless energy transmission unit can realize higher-precision energy focusing, which is beneficial to improving the charging efficiency.