22 results about "Forest belt" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration and water and soil conservation, and discloses a wind prevention and sand fixation forest restoration method and system based on a forestry and agriculture compound system. The method comprises the following steps: deploying a distributed wind sand environment sensing node array, constructing a local wind field dynamic evolution model, and identifying a potential wind erosion hot spot region; generating a dynamic forest belt adjustment instruction based on the identification result, and controlling the deployment position and density of the movable shrub barrier unit; forestry and agriculture composite planting regulation and control are synchronously implemented, deep-root-system sand-fixing plants are arranged in a core protection zone, herbaceous plants are mixed and sown in a transition zone, and economic crops are crop-rotated in a peripheral zone; and the self-adaptive reconstruction of the forest belt structure is realized by continuously monitoring the change of the sand grain flux and feeding back the parameters of the optimization model. Through dynamic sensing, prediction and intervention mechanisms, the wind prevention and sand fixation efficiency is remarkably improved, ecological restoration and farmers and herdsmen livelihood are considered, the actually measured wind erosion hot spot area is reduced by 68%, and the ground surface sand transport rate is reduced by 82%.

This utility model relates to the field of forest belt construction technology, specifically an integrated automatic drip irrigation and monitoring device for biological firebreak forest belt construction. It includes a base, with a dosing tank fixedly installed on the upper left side of the base. The dosing tank has a dosing inlet on its upper left side. A stirring assembly, including a motor, is fixedly installed in the middle of the upper part of the dosing tank, and a stirring rod is fixedly connected to the motor's rotating shaft. A first connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the lower right side of the dosing tank, and the other end of the first connecting pipe is fixedly installed on a water pump. A smoke sensor detects early fire smoke, triggering an alarm and linking the irrigation system (such as emergency water spraying for cooling) to curb the spread of fire. In high fire risk periods or areas prone to lightning strikes, rapid response can prevent small fires from escalating into major disasters. A humidity sensor monitors soil moisture in real time, and a controller automatically controls the solenoid valve to achieve precise drip irrigation.

The invention discloses a wind-proof, sand-blocking and rain-collecting device for a protective forest belt and a protective forest belt construction method, and belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration systems. A hollow sleeve is arranged at one end of the cover plate, and bottom feet are obliquely arranged on the two sides of the other end of the cover plate and inserted into the ground; a steel pipe penetrates into the hollow sleeve, and the two ends of the steel pipe are fixed between the two stand columns in a sleeve mode; the two groups of flow guide assemblies are symmetrically arranged; each group of flow guide assembly comprises two flow guide ridges formed by stamping a cover plate, and hollow air holes are reserved in the lower parts of the flow guide ridges; the diversion ridges are obliquely arranged relative to the central axis of the cover plate; the water collecting cylinder is fixedly arranged at the other end of the cover plate, two ends of the water collecting cylinder are sealed, water injection holes are formed in two sides of the top, and the water collecting cylinder is located on the lower edge of the outer side of the flow guide ridge and receives rainwater collected through the flow guide ridge after being intercepted by the cover plate; one end of each micro dropper is communicated with the bottom of the water collecting cylinder, and the other end of each micro dropper is bound to the root of a tree root through a hemp rope. The device integrates the functions of wind prevention, water collection and sand stabilization, rainwater is slowly released, forestation difficulties such as wind damage, sand burying and rainfall shortage in related areas can be overcome, and a long-acting green sand stabilization barrier can be built in an assisted mode.

The invention discloses a method for rapidly evaluating the windproof effect of a farmland protection forest net based on simplified three-dimensional modeling and computational fluid mechanics simulation. The method aims at solving the problems that large-range wind field data is difficult to obtain in existing field observation, and traditional computational fluid mechanics uses a refined farmland protection forest three-dimensional model, so that the calculation cost is too high, and the method cannot be applied to regional scales. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, acquiring spatial distribution of a forest network and three-dimensional structure parameters and layered leaf area density of a single forest belt by using an unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography and rapid canopy measurement technology; then, in a geographic information system and engineering design software, a single forest belt is converted into a polyhedral structure with internal attributes, and a forest network three-dimensional model is constructed; further, efficient numerical simulation of the wind field around the forest network is realized through a computational fluid mechanics method; and finally, a target height wind speed distribution diagram is extracted from a result wind field obtained through simulation, an effective protection area is discriminated through a grid binarization method, and the forest network protection efficiency is rapidly evaluated.

The invention discloses a degraded wetland protection and recovery treatment method, and relates to the technical field of wetland protection. The invention discloses a degraded wetland protection and recovery treatment method. The method comprises the following steps of ecological water replenishing, artificial aquatic plant planting, protective forest belt planting, net fence construction, permanent boundary board setting, billboard erecting, wetland monitoring capability improvement establishment, fixed monitoring point setting and science popularization. The invention aims to effectively improve the ecological environment of the degraded wetland and promote the restoration and improvement of the ecological function of the degraded wetland through a comprehensive ecological management means. Wherein the ecological water replenishing aims to replenish wetland water and maintain the water balance of a wetland ecological system; the biodiversity of the wetland can be increased by artificially planting aquatic plants; the planting of the protective forest belt is beneficial to preventing water and soil loss; the construction of the net fence can prevent man-made destruction and ensure smooth operation of wetland protection and recovery work. Meanwhile, the consciousness of the public on wetland protection can be enhanced, and the change of the ecological environment of the wetland can be monitored in real time.

The application provides a mountainous Chinese fir large-diameter timber "ecological forestation" cultivation method and belongs to the technical field of forestry. The mountainous Chinese fir large-diameter timber "ecological forestation" cultivation method of the application is to transform a Chinese fir degraded artificial forest or a Chinese fir simple artificial forest and comprises the following steps: felling and removing stakes, ecological grass control, forest land design, deep ploughing and making mounds, forest belt making Chinese fir, forest belt grass control, mound protection and fertilization, ecological maintenance and shelter felling for cultivating large-diameter timber. The mountainous Chinese fir large-diameter timber "ecological forestation" cultivation method of the application implements new quality productivity of "ecological forestation" with ecological priority, about 2 / 3 of the forest land is not cultivated to maintain the original ecology, the biodiversity of the forest land is protected, and about 1 / 3 of the forest land is used for establishing a forestation belt for cultivating Chinese fir large-diameter timber. The application can promote the fast growth of Chinese fir, achieve the large-diameter timber standard, and simultaneously consider the high efficiency and sustainable management of the forest land.

The invention discloses a crawler chassis and a forest belt opening machine, and relates to the field of forestry machinery. The crawler chassis comprises a main frame, a walking system, a mechanical transmission bridge and a hub reduction gear. The walking system is in semi-rigid connection with the main frame through a balance suspension mechanism, the mechanism comprises a balance rod hinged to a cross beam at the bottom of the main frame, and the two ends of the balance rod are hinged to the walking system. By means of the structure, the tracks on the two sides can adapt to the terrain, and the trafficability in rugged forest land is greatly improved. A plurality of hinge points are arranged on the front portion of the main frame and used for installing a belt opening working device and installing a posture adjusting platform through an executing element, so that a cab can be dynamically leveled on a slope, and operation stability and safety are improved. The problems that an existing belt opening machine chassis is poor in trafficability, single in function and incapable of adjusting the posture are solved, and the belt opening machine chassis is particularly suitable for complex emergency rescue scenes such as forest fire prevention isolation belt opening.

The invention provides a railway wind-blown snow disaster management method, system and device, and relates to the technical field of railway wind-blown snow, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the grid unit segmentation of a railway line, and calculating the topographic factor and shielding factor of each grid unit according to the topographic distribution data and forest belt canopy data of the railway line; calculating a snowfall accumulation prediction index of each grid unit in the expected prediction window according to the real-time meteorological input, the topographic factor and the shielding factor; constructing a local accumulation feature model according to the snow blowing equipment array, and performing local accumulation analysis on the snowfall accumulation prediction index to obtain a snowfall local accumulation prediction index; and performing control optimization on the snow blowing equipment array according to the snowfall local accumulation prediction index to obtain a control parameter set, and issuing the control parameter set to the snow blowing equipment array to execute snow blowing control. According to the invention, the technical problem of insufficient railway snow disaster management precision in the prior art can be solved, and the technical effect of improving the management precision is achieved.

The invention discloses a farmland protection forest three-dimensional structure parameter extraction method and system, and belongs to the technical field of remote sensing mapping and forestry information. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring oblique photography point cloud data of a target area; automatically identifying and extracting point cloud data corresponding to the farmland protection forest through a deep learning model; constructing a closed three-dimensional model representing the overall outer contour of the forest belt based on the point cloud; and automatically calculating the overall three-dimensional structure parameters of the forest belt based on the model, wherein the parameters comprise the length, the width, the height, the trend and the permeability representing the ventilation and light transmission performance of the forest belt. According to the method, the penetration coefficient model fusing the density difference, the spatial coherence and the feature communication length is innovatively provided, and scientific quantification of the hydrophobicity is achieved.

The application provides a reasonable space configuration method of a row type shrub shelter forest in a semi-arid grassland area, and mainly comprises the following steps: (1) determining a potential maximum density of the shrub forest; (2) determining key ecological hydrological function parameters of the shrub forest with different row distances; (3) comprehensively evaluating the ecological hydrological function parameters of the sand-fixing shrub forest with different row distances by using an analytic hierarchy process-entropy weight method, and finally determining the best row distance and plant distance of the forest belt in combination with the potential maximum density of the shrub forest in the step (1) and the key ecological hydrological function parameters of the shrub forest with different row distances in the step (2). The application has a reasonable concept, can not only improve the growth stability of the shelter forest, but also simultaneously enhance the ecological functions such as the windproof effect of the shelter forest, and can provide a theoretical basis for efficient utilization of water resources and ecological restoration in the arid grassland area.

The invention provides a method for wind prevention, sand fixation and landscape improvement in a severe saline-alkali area based on a coastal area ash yard, and the method comprises the following steps: flattening the ash yard area, determining the ash yard area as a planting area, and improving the planting area; the first vegetation is planted in a determinant mode to form a first wind prevention and sand fixation barrier; planting second vegetation on the inner side of the first vegetation to construct a windbreak forest belt; and finally, third vegetation is sown in gaps of the second vegetation. In the initial planting stage of the first vegetation, the second vegetation and the third vegetation, covering objects with the thickness of 5-10 cm are laid on the earth surface, the covering area reaches 80% or above, and the covering objects are supplemented once every 2-3 years. According to the application, the severe saline-alkali soil is improved by physical improvement, chemical improvement and biological improvement; then, plant varieties suitable for being planted in the severe saline-alkaline area of the coastal area ash yard are screened, the activity of plants is improved, plant communities with high stress resistance are established, and wind prevention, sand fixation and landscape improvement of the ash yard are achieved.

The invention discloses a farmland protection forest system space configuration method based on a Great Wall grain structure, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural ecological engineering. The method comprises the following steps: designing a unitized Great Wall grain-shaped grid as a forest network basic form; acquiring farmland and disaster characteristics of a target area, and determining the number of forest networks and great wall grain structure parameters according to a protection target; the Great Wall grain-shaped grids are arranged according to rules to form a forest network, and a final farmland protection forest system space configuration scheme is formed after optimization and adjustment. The system comprises a Great Wall pattern grid form design system, a forest network configuration and optimization module and a dynamic monitoring regulation and control system. By means of the innovative Great Wall grain-shaped grid structure, it is guaranteed that the farmland protection forest exerts protection benefits, meanwhile, the farmland protection forest is matched with a mechanical production means, the occupied area of the forest belt can be reduced, the land utilization efficiency is improved, and the ecological benefits, the production benefits and the regional coordination are achieved.

The invention discloses a land reclamation ecological effect quantitative analysis method based on an agricultural function recovery degree, and relates to the technical field of land reclamation, and the method comprises the steps: calculating a normal phase invasion distance of a target farmland based on the shadow length, the solar elevation angle and the solar azimuth angle of a farmland protection forest belt; calculating a resonance index of the forest belt shadow between the normal direction of the target farmland and the field crop row spacing based on the normal phase invasion distance and the field crop row spacing of the target farmland; and generating a resonance analysis layer based on the normal phase intrusion distance, and performing resonance candidate marking on pixels of the resonance analysis layer to obtain resonance candidate pixels. According to the invention, the accuracy of land reclamation resource allocation and governance decision is improved.

The application provides a farmland forest network rate monitoring method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium, and relates to the technical field of remote sensing. The method comprises the following steps: determining a vegetation area in a target remote sensing image based on the spectral information of the target remote sensing image of a region to be monitored; obtaining a characteristic parameter value corresponding to the vegetation area; determining a forest belt area in the vegetation area based on the characteristic parameter value corresponding to the vegetation area; obtaining the farmland forest network rate of the region to be monitored based on the forest belt area and a farmland area in the target remote sensing image; the characteristic parameters comprise a normalized vegetation index and an enhanced vegetation index, and a length-width ratio and / or information entropy; and the farmland area is determined according to the geographic information of the farmland in the region to be monitored. The farmland forest network rate monitoring method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium provided by the application can more accurately and efficiently monitor the farmland forest network rate of a large area, and can reduce the cost input of farmland forest network rate monitoring.

The invention discloses a forest field road and canal integrated farmland protection forest network optimization design method based on multi-objective cooperation, and belongs to the technical field of farmland ecological engineering and protection forest planning and design. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, obtaining layout information of field roads, channels and ridges, and designing a plurality of candidate forest network layouts including an integrated scheme; forest belt parameters are obtained through a laser radar, and the windproof efficiency of each scheme is simulated and quantified through computational fluid mechanics; and furthermore, a multi-target evaluation system containing windproof, land-saving and production convenience indexes is constructed, and a collaborative optimization decision algorithm combining fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and approximate ideal solution sorting is adopted to perform objective and quantitative comprehensive sorting and optimization on candidate schemes.

The invention relates to the technical field of forest genetic breeding and ecological restoration, and particularly discloses a Chinese hippophae rhamnoides ecological forest grafting transformation method with banded functional partitions. The method aims at solving the problems that in existing sea-buckthorn ecological forest transformation, the target is not clear, the transformation efficiency is low, and the fruit yield is not obviously increased. The method comprises the core steps of scion collection and cold chain storage and transportation; a parallel belt-shaped functional unit composed of a grafting operation channel, a grafting operation area and a grafting reservation area is arranged along the forest belt; thinning male plants in the retention area according to a first'three-removal and three-retention 'principle, and regulating and controlling the sex and age structure of the forest stand; stumping the rootstocks in the working area, and determining interface branches according to a second'three-removing and three-reserving 'principle; grafting in a key phenological period; and post-grafting management is carried out. According to the method, through cooperation of space partition and structure regulation and control, the low-yield Chinese sea-buckthorn ecological forest is quickly and directionally transformed into the high-yield and stable-yield forest stand on the premise that the ecological system is not damaged, the fruit yield is remarkably increased, and the transformation efficiency is remarkably improved.

The invention relates to a quantitative evaluation method for the shading range and degree of a farmland protection forest in the technical field of forestry. In the region where the target forest belt is located, the length and orientation of the forest belt shadow in each time period of the key date are determined according to the solar altitude angle and the azimuth angle in combination with parameters such as the average height and the trend of the forest belt, and the forest belt shading range is divided into light, medium and heavy land-side degrees according to the proportion of the shading duration to the sunshine duration. The method for objectively, quantitatively and easily determining the shading range and degree of the farmland protection forest is provided for the first time, a scientific standard is provided for objectively evaluating the shading and hypochondrium range of the farmland protection forest, and a reference basis is provided for determining the buffer distance between the forest belt and the farmland interface in high-standard farmland construction.

The application discloses a kind of extraction method and system of farmland shelterbelt three-dimensional structure parameters, belong to remote sensing surveying and mapping and forestry information technical field.The method includes: obtaining the oblique photography point cloud data of target area;Through deep learning model, corresponding point cloud data of farmland shelterbelt is automatically identified and extracted;Based on the point cloud, closed three-dimensional model representing the overall outer contour of forest belt is constructed;Based on the model, the overall three-dimensional structure parameters of forest belt are automatically calculated, and the parameters include length, width, height, trend and the porosity of its ventilation and light transmission performance.The application innovatively proposes the through coefficient model fusing density difference, spatial coherence and feature connectivity length, and realizes the scientific quantification of porosity.

The application provides a kind of forest belt layering leaf area density measuring device and method based on unmanned aerial vehicle, belongs to the technical field of forestry and ecology, device includes: unmanned aerial vehicle, camera holder, motion camera and fish eye lens;The upper surface of unmanned aerial vehicle is fixedly connected with camera holder, motion camera is fixedly connected on camera holder, fish eye lens is fixedly installed on motion camera, adjust camera holder so that fish eye lens is vertically upward, wireless control device is connected with the control system of unmanned aerial vehicle and the control system of motion camera;The application can flexibly, efficiently, non-destructive measure forest belt layering leaf area density, provide important parameters for farmland shelter forest aerodynamics research, and provide basis for scientific construction and management of farmland shelter forest.

The invention provides a reasonable space configuration method for a row belt type shrub protection forest in a semi-arid grassland area. The method mainly comprises the following steps: (1) firstly, determining the potential maximum density of a shrub forest belt; (2) determining key eco-hydrological function parameters of shrubby forest zones with different line spacings; and (3) comprehensively evaluating the ecological hydrological function parameters of the sand-fixing shrub belts with different line spacings by adopting an analytic hierarchy process-entropy weight method, and finally determining the optimal line spacing and plant spacing of the forest belts by combining the potential maximum density of the shrub belts in the step (1) and the key ecological hydrological function parameters of the shrub belts with different line spacings in the step (2). The method is reasonable in conception, the growth stability of the protection forest can be improved, the ecological functions such as the windproof effect of the protection forest can be synchronously enhanced, and a theoretical basis can be provided for efficient utilization and ecological restoration of water resources in the arid grassland area.

The invention relates to the technical field of protective forest belt recognition, in particular to a method for establishing a protective forest belt decline degree division model based on remote sensing data. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a multispectral remote sensing image of a target protective forest belt area; acquiring a digital elevation model corresponding to the target protective forest belt area, and performing topographic wave band correction on the multispectral remote sensing image so as to acquire a vegetation feature data set; according to the vegetation feature data set, determining a division threshold value of the decline degree of the protective forest belt, and constructing a multi-index decision tree grading model; and inputting the vegetation feature data set into the multi-index decision tree grading model, carrying out pixel-by-pixel judgment and outputting grade identification codes, and aggregating pixels with the same grade identification codes to complete division of the decline degree of the protective forest belt. According to the method, terrain correction is carried out based on remote sensing data, the multi-index decision tree grading model is dynamically constructed, and step-by-step correction and accurate division of the decline grade of the protective forest belt are realized.

The utility model relates to the technical field of fireproof forest belt monitoring equipment, in particular to a multispectral unmanned aerial vehicle fireproof forest belt health monitoring device. The multispectral imager is fixedly carried at the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle through a mounting bracket; the self-cleaning air ring is fixedly arranged on the lens part of the multispectral imager in a sleeving manner, and the lower end of the self-cleaning air ring is lower than the lower end of the lens part of the multispectral imager; the self-cleaning air ring is a hollow ring body with an L-shaped section, the outer diameter of the upper portion of the self-cleaning air ring is larger than that of the lower portion of the self-cleaning air ring, and an air inlet is formed in the outer side of the upper portion of the self-cleaning air ring. The interference on the image acquisition operation of the multispectral imager can be avoided by utilizing the airflow blowing dust removal, and the multispectral imager can smoothly carry out the health monitoring operation of the fire forest belt in any time period.