103 results about "Forest belt" patented technology

The invention relates to a restoration method for a damaged ecosystem in a steep-slope area in a water-level-fluctuating zone of a reservoir. The method comprises the following steps:when the impounded water level is at the lowest point, cleaning the upstream slope in the water-level-fluctuating zone, and manually tamping; digging planting holes at the top of the slope, and planting Chinese red pines and the like to form a multifunctional protective forest belt; digging planting grooves and planting holes within the range of the water-level-fluctuating zone, laying jute geotextile, planting vetiver within the range with the water-level-fluctuating depth of 2m to form a hedgerow; and mixedly planting vetiver and wire grass within the range with the water-level-fluctuating depth of 2-10m to form a combined vegetation slope restoration belt. The protective forest belt, the hedgerow and the combined vegetation slope restoration belt form a three-dimensional restoration space together, thereby ensuring that plants can take roots and restore in the steep-slope area in the water-level-fluctuating zone. By restoring the vegetation in large area, the invention effectively reduces the overland flow and the soil erosion, and improves the fertility and the properties of the soil, thereby restoring the damaged ecosystem. The invention has the advantages of convenient construction and less investment, can not be easily damaged by water, and is applicable to the water-level-fluctuating zone of a reservoir with large water-level-fluctuating range and precipitous topography.

The invention discloses a fast afforestation method of tamarix chinensis at the coastal saline-alkali soil. The fast afforestation method comprises the following steps of: planting one or a plurality of tamarix chinensis provenance forest belts which are vertical to the prevailing wind direction on the afforestation land and carrying out site preparation at a wind-power planting area on the downwind direction of the tamarix chinensis provenance forest belt by utilizing the characteristics of ultrastrong salinity-alkalinity resistance, small seeds, strong germination capacity, easy survival, irregularly-scheduled flowering, and the like of Tamarixps; and naturally planting and seedling at the wind-power planting area by means of the propagation of tamarix chinensis seeds by wind power, and accelerating the forest establishment by adopting field management measures. The surface scale afforestation of the tamarix chinensis is carried out on the coastal saline-alkali soil to form a fast afforestation technology of the tamarix chinensis at the coastal saline-alkali soil; and the fast afforestation method is simple, fast and economic, can provide a great deal of seedlings and is used for afforestation at other places.

The invention discloses a manual restoration method of vegetation in a water-level-fluctuating zone of a reservoir. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, leveling, cleaning and tamping the upstream batter surface of the water-level-fluctuating zone when the water level is lowest, secondly, planting riparian homonoia roots or Chinese ash at the top of the outer slope surface of the water-level-fluctuating zone, so as to form a protective forest belt, and thirdly, paving plate-cultured festuca arundinacea on the upstream batter surface of the water-level-fluctuating zone, and in a zone with the fluctuating depth smaller lower than 2 m, and planting miscanthus floridulus in a zone with the fluctuating depth greater lower than 2 m, so as to form a hedgerow belt. The method has the advantages that the construction is convenient, the investment is small, the application range is wide, the vegetation is not easily damaged by flood, a good effect is realized, and the method can be applied to water-level-fluctuating zones of reservoirs in mountains to realize effective water and soil conservation and pollution control.

The present invention discloses a desert wind break forest system including a tree and shrub wind break forest belt, shrub wind break forest belts, licorice belts and poultries, wherein the shrub wind break forest belt are located in two sides of the tree and shrub wind break forest belt, and the licorice belts are planted in interval space of shrubs and/or trees. The poultries are fed in free range in the wind break forest system, and in the tree and shrub wind break forest belts, row spacing of the trees is 2.8 to 3.2m, line spacing of the trees is 2.8 to 3.2m, row spacing of the shrubs is 1.5 to 2m, and the trees and shrubs are planted at equal space apart. In the shrub wind break forest belts, row spacing of the shrubs is 1.5 to 2m, and line spacing of the shrubs is 2 to 3m. By the above technical scheme, the desert wind break forest system has various plants and strong insect disease resistance, and is stable, so that the soil and water of the desert and water sources can effectively conserved.

The invention provides a low cover degree sand stabilizing method, comprising the steps of planting one row to four rows of arbor and/or bush and/or subshrub in parallel to form a sand stabilizing forest shelter belt, and reserving a vegetation natural restoration belt between the forest shelter belts; and the forest shelter belts play roles of biological barrier for stabilizing sand, protection the stabilization of sand surface and promoting natural restoration of vegetation in the vegetation natural recovering belt, wherein the cover area of the arbor and the bush is 15-25 percent and the cover area of the vegetation natural restoration belt is 75-85 percent. By adopting a row-belt sand stabilizing mode, when the cover degree is 15-25 percent, the effect of stand stabilizing forests distributed in a row-belt mode for reducing the wind speed is 25-50 percent higher than that of the stand stabilizing forests an evenly-distributed and randomly-distributed mode for reducing the wind speed, the border-row advantages of forests can be fully exerted; and after the sand surface is stabilized, wide enough interband is beneficial to the infiltration of rainfall and natural recovery of the vegetation, and forms complex sand stabilizing vegetation for promoting natural recovery at zonality vegetation occupying 85-75 percent of land under the protection of forest belt occupying 15-25 percent of the land.

The invention relates to sand accumulating and forest planting technology in an extremely drought Gobi sand area, which fully utilizes conditions that the Gobi sand area is open, the wind carries quicksand on the near surface and the Gobi sand area has certain flood recession to accumulate sand in planting pits, utilizes the condition that the Gobi area is close to certain flood-recession facilities to irrigate the planting pits and accumulate silts, and utilizes the condition that autumn flood is relative rich to plant forest. The technology firstly plants adaptable species in the Gobi sand area, such as narrow-leaved oleaster and Chinese tamarisk to form an early arbor-bush mixed forest, then plants bush plant species which grow quickly, such as Calligonum rubicundunm after a certain condition of accumulated sand and silt is formed in the forest belt to further strengthen sand fixing function of the forest belt, and plants less adaptable arbor tree species, such as poplar tree after relative good soil and water conditions are formed in the forest belt so as to gradually increase species diversity and strengthen comprehensive prevention function of the forest belt.

The invention provides an obstruction system of improved type biological fireproof forest belts and a construction method thereof, which relate to an obstruction system of fireproof forest belts and a construction method thereof. The obstruction system of the improved type biological fireproof forest belts and the construction method thereof are provided for solving the problems that underground fire can not be obstructed, a measure can not be adopted in time for controlling forest fire and crown fire, the construction period is too long, the structure is simple, the fire-retardant effect is poor and the transportation of fire fighting personnel is difficult, which exist in traditional biological fireproof forest belts. The obstruction system comprises a plurality of same improved type biological fireproof forest belt modules; two fireproof trenches are respectively arranged at both sides of a fireproof forest road; the two improved type biological fireproof forest belts are respectively arranged at the two outer sides of the two fireproof trenches or are arranged at the outer side of one fireproof trench side by side; and a plurality of modules are mutually connected so as to form a sealed obstruction system. The construction method comprises the following steps of: (1) dividing a plurality of sealed areas; and (2) constructing the improved type biological fireproof forest belt modules so as to form the obstruction system; and according to the obstruction system of the improved type biological fireproof forest belts and the construction method thereof, trees do not need to be cut to destroy forest resources, the effect is quick, and the occurrence rate of forest fire can be lowered by more than 30 percent.

The invention discloses an intelligent infiltration and irrigation system for an orchard forest belt. Trees (1) are watered through an infiltration tank (5) and the infiltration tank (5) and a pipe network are buried in the ground so as to avoid people and livestock from trampling. A moisture sensor (4) is arranged on the root portion of the selected tree (1) of the irrigation area, the water collection and calculation is performed on the moisture sensor (4) through a PC (Personal Computer) (14), and an instruction is sent from the PC (14) to open an electromagnetic valve (13) of the area to perform watering if the watering is required. The PC (14) can be connected with irrigation facilities in a single bus communication mode or a three-remote control mode. According to the single bus mode, the structure is simple and the cost is low. The three-remote mode needs to be used if the management distance is large and a station which is formed by the PC (14), a channel controller (18) and a transmitting station (19) is established to perform the information transmission with an RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) (20) which is arranged in every area for management. A solar photovoltaic cell (21) is adopted in the power-free area so as to provide the energy for the corresponding RTU (20).

The invention discloses a method for preparing an auricularia polytricha cultivation material by using branches and wood chips which are abandoned during trimming and felling of fast-growing forest belts and green forest belts as main raw materials. According to the invention, branches, wood chips are firstly crushed into bean-size particles; branches, wood chips, wheat bran, pig manure and the like are weighed in proportion and then uniformly mixed; and water is added while stirring is carried out so as to make moisture content of the mixture is 60%-65%. Generally, water addition for each 100kg of a dry material is 120-150kg and is specifically dependent on natural moisture content of the culture material. The standard is as follows: it is suitable when a small handful of the mixed culture material is rolled by hands into a ball and the hands have a certain moisture; if there is water droplets between gaps of fingers, moisture is too much; and if there is no water stain, moisture is insufficient. After piled up, the stirred culture material is covered with a plastic film and fermented for 2-3 days. During the fermentation process, the culture material is turned over once each day so as to avoid anaerobic fermentation. After the fermentation, the culture material is prepared and bagging can be carried out. The auricularia polytricha culture material prepared by the above method has advantages of comprehensive nutrition, low cost and wide source. In addition, sterilization is thorough, and auricularia polytricha is not easy to be infected by other bacterium; and hyphae absorb the material and grow better.

The invention discloses a method for comprehensive matching in degenerated grassland protection forest construction. The method comprises the steps of performing comprehensive allocation on a degenerated grassland protection forest system in a mode of combining forest belts, grids, open forests and sheet forest tree shrub and herbaceous plants, selecting tree species with high drought tolerance and stress resistance as degenerated grassland afforesting tree species, performing drought control soil moisture conservation soil preparation and four-season afforestation matching technology to degenerated grassland, and performing mycorrhization treatment to pinus sylvestris and spruce afforesting seedlings through biological bacterial fertilizer. The method breaks through restriction factors of drought, cold and soil tepetate distressing grassland special difficulty afforestation, utilizes comprehensive matching technologies, such as the acquired allocation technology of the combination of forest belts, grids, open forests and sheet forest tree shrub and herbaceous plants, mycorrhiza biotechnology and tepetate breaking technology and the like, builds degenerated grassland protection forest demonstration bases, improves the afforestation survival rate and preserving rate, increases the grazing capacity, and realizes the vegetation recovery of degenerated grassland and the sustainable development of pasturing areas.

The invention discloses a high-standard agroforestry construction method suitable for a plain area. The high-standard agroforestry construction method comprises forest network structural configuration and forest belt mode configuration, wherein a forest belt direction is integrally planned according to fields, forests, roads and water bodies, and an east-west rectangular grid is formed according to the directions of ditches, trenches, roads and dykes; the row number of the forest belt is 2-4, the plant line space is 2-4m*2-5m, the gap of the main forest belt is 200-350m, the forest height of trees of the main forest belt is 15+/-1m, and the gap of an auxiliary forest belt is 500-600m; a sparse structure with the sparseness degree of 0.15-0.45 is formed by using a planting manner in triangle form, mixed planting of arbors and shrubs and tending management; and the ratio of the mixed planting of arbors and shrubs is 2:1-4:1. Through reasonable forest belt mode configuration and forestry network structural configuration, a high-standard agroforestry constructed by the invention has desired sparseness or ventilation structure, and can not only reduce land occupation of the forest belts effectively but also improve the protective efficiency of the agroforestry in the plain area.

The invention discloses a method for surveying the protective effect of a paddy field protection forest by a remote sensing technology. The method comprises the following steps: (1) remotely sensed images of a surveyed area are acquired; (2) paddy field space information of the protection forest is extracted from the remotely sensed images; (3) normalized difference vegetation indexes of a paddy field are calculated to represent paddy rice growth, and a maximum composition method is utilized to calculate a maximum normalized difference vegetation index of the paddy field; (4) sampling points are set for the paddy field space information of the protection forest; (5) according to the set sampling points, normalized difference vegetation index extraction is carried out, and a buffer analysismethod is adopted to calculate the protective effect of the paddy field protection forest. By extracting the paddy field space information of a protection forest region and the normalized differencevegetation indexes of the paddy field, the method for surveying the protective effect of the paddy field protection forest by the remote sensing technology, provided by the invention, discusses the influence of configuration modes of different forest belt distances, lengths, angles and the like on the growth of paddy rice, and the method can provide a scientific foundation for the future construction of paddy field protection forests.

The invention discloses a method for measuring the porosity of a shelter belt, comprising the following steps: firstly, measuring size of components of a forest belt, breast height of trees in the forest belt, tree height and profile of longitudinal section of the forest belt; secondly, establishing a function of the relationship among the size of the tree, the breast height and the tree height according to the relationship between the measured size of the tree and the breast height as well as the tree height; thirdly, determining distribution of the size of each tree in the vertical direction by means of a distribution regression function of the sizes of the trees in the forest belt along the vertical direction; fourthly, determining horizontal distribution of the size of the forest belt in each layer by means of the longitudinal section of the forest belt; and finally, building a spatial three-dimensional matrix distribution map of the size of the forest belt, wherein the determined gap in the forest belt is the porosity of the shelter belt. The method for measuring the porosity of the shelter belt provided by the invention is a measurement method for three-dimensional porosity of the shelter belt; and the method reflects the internal structure of the forest belt more truly.

The invention relates to an ecological protective forest belt structure on the periphery of an urban agglomeration. The structure comprises protective forest belts arranged on the periphery of a beltway or at the junctions between cities and countryside, wherein the protective forest belts between the adjacent cities are connected; each protective forest belt comprises a deceleration diversion forest belt, a vortex purification forest belt and a dense protective landscape forest belt which are sequentially arranged in the wind direction; a shrub and grass interval area is arranged between each vortex purification forest belt and the corresponding dense protective landscape forest belt, and each deceleration diversion forest belt is a pure arbor forest belt. Each vortex purification forest belt comprises arbor planted along rings, large-crown-breadth arbor planted in the centers of the rings, shrubs and herbaceous ground cover plants, and each dense protective landscape forest belt comprises shrubs, herbaceous ground cover plants and rows of arbor, wherein every two adjacent rows of arbor are planted triangularly. According to the structure, by arranging the forest belts with different functions and structures, incoming wind gradually and orderly passes through all the functional forest belts, and the effects of guiding the wind direction, reducing the wind speed and removing remaining dust are finally achieved.

The invention discloses a three-dimensional circular desert control method. The method comprises the steps of forest belt arrangement, woodland grass planting and free-ranging of livestock. A three-dimensional desert control system which integrates optimal utilization of native tree species resources, high survival rate, improvement on the physical and chemical properties of soil and development of green agricultural products is constructed to realize comprehensive treatment of desertification. The three-dimensional circular desert control method is optimized and finely selected by means of continuous exploration and research based on years of construction experience on protective forest systems. By constructing protective forest belts through the method, the plant percent can be increased, the soil fertility is improved, the economic benefit is increased, and ecological treatment is realized while the economical benefit is increased.

The invention discloses a travelling dune control method which is characterized by comprising the following steps that an underground reservoir is established according to design; dunes are flattened with a bulldozer; the flattened dunes are compacted by a slab type rammer compactor and then act as sites; the sites are flattened by a road pressing machine; the flattened sites are covered; and various factories are constructed on the covered sites, and roads and green forest belts are constructed according to planning. The cover sites are covered with reinforced concrete precast slabs, the adjacent reinforced concrete precast slabs are hinged mutually, rainwater perforated strainers are arranged at hinged parts, and the covered sites comprise road project sites, green planting project sites and enterprise construction project sites. The travelling dune control method has the benefits that a clean power generation device is mounted, the construction site area of urban factories is reduced effectively, the agricultural cultivation area is increased, enterprises having water, air or noise pollution are migrated, the influences to urban residents are reduced, the living quality of people is improved, and by using grid afforestation or plant cultivation, wind sand is obstructed, air is purified and the possibility of haze is reduced.

The invention relates to a rapid image analysis method for measuring the porosity of a forest belt. The method comprises the following steps: strictly separating branches and leaves of the forest belt from interspace according to chromatic aberration of the branches and leaves and the interspace on a digital photograph through software processing by the combination of a digital camera and conventional image processing software (Photoshop 8.0) as well as image analysis system software Delta-T Scan (Cambridge, CB50EJ, UK), and calculating the porosity (namely the porosity of the photograph of the forest belt) by utilizing the area ratio of occupied spaces of the branches and leaves of the forest belt and the interspace so as to estimate the actual porosity of the forest belt. The method provided by the invention can be used for quantitatively determining the porosity of the protection forest belt.

The invention provides an OSG-based method for establishing a three-dimensional agricultural visualization scene in a gully area, comprising the following steps: constructing a three-dimensional terrain model in a loess hilly gully area, a variety of crop models in a biological shelter belt, and a basic farmland model; The crop model, basic farmland model and water cellar engineering facility model are loaded to the corresponding scene position in the loess hilly gully area; the scene is rendered; the collision detection principle is used to control the dynamic loading of various crop models through the human-computer interaction mechanism, Replace, move and delete for scene updates. The present invention effectively solves the processing efficiency of dynamic scenes of 3990-scale farmland models and multiple different types of crop models, as well as the dynamic cutting and updating of multiple crop models. It provides an auxiliary decision-making method for effective regulation and dynamic planning for experts in the field of land consolidation and utilization.

The invention discloses an ecological recreation type navigation channel protecting slope structure. An emergent aquatic plant wave-cutting area is arranged below the high water level of a protecting slope, a near-water lookout area is arranged above high water level of the protecting slope, and an ecological bank dike-protecting area is arranged at one side of the near-water lookout area far away from water; emergent aquatic plants are planted in the emergent aquatic plant wave-cutting area, and the planting mode adopts wide-amplitude dense planting; the near-water lookout area is in a platform structure, one side near water is used for planting humidogene woody plants under which humidogene shrubs are planted, and the side far away from water is used for planting vertical greening plants to build a greening wall, and the ground of the platform is paved with ecological permeable bricks; and the side near water in the ecological bank dike-protecting area is provided with an ecological protecting wall which is built by rubbles, and the side far away from water is used for planting a soundproof forest belt. By utilizing the ecological recreation type navigation channel protecting slope structure, the ecology, economy, attractiveness and multiple functions of navigation channel improvement are realized, and water-loving requirement of surrounding residents can be met.

The invention provides an optimization method for a protective coast-forest belt canopy structure. The method comprises the steps of clearing average trees and lodging wood of a target protective forest belt and replenishing and planting trees in canopy gaps or forest gaps to realize the optimization of a protective forest belt canopy index and the canopy structure. By adopting the optimization method provided by the invention, reforestation survival rate can be remarkably improved, the protective forest belt canopy index can be effectively reduced, and efficient protection distance can be improved. For instance, in one embodiment of the invention, the reforestation survival rate reaches up to more than 90 percent; five years later, the protective forest belt canopy index is optimized to 1.96 from 3.35, big tree proportion is adjusted to 59.66 percent from 80.12 percent, the efficient protection distance is increased to 10.5H (H is the mean height of trees of the protective forest belt) from 8.6H. Thus, the optimization method for a canopy provided by the invention can effectively improve the protection distance by more than 20 percent in medium or short terms.

The invention relates to a method for building a fire-prevention forest belt in a Chinese fir man-made forest. The method includes the following steps that (1) a line of strawberry trees are planted along a ridge line center line, and the two sides of a ridge line are respectively planted with two lines of schima superba, that is, four lines of schima superba are planted in total; (2) a tourism path is built in the Chinese fir man-made forest or a mountain baseline serves as the tourism path, wherein the tourism path is three meters wide, two lines of landscape tree species such as liriodendron Chinese, mangnolia officinalis, cyclobalanopsis glauca, gingko or privet and oleander which are high in fire resistance are planted from the two sides, 2.5 m away from the center line, of the tourism path till the planted landscape tree species are connected with the schima superba planted in the step (1); (3) a fire-prevention forest belt closed ring is formed, wherein after trees in the step (1) and the step (2) are planted, the periphery of one slope surface of the Chinese fir man-made forest in the mountainous area is surrounded by the schima superba forest, and the fire-prevention forest belt closed ring is formed. By means of the method, the problem that the forest belt width is difficult to control when the fire-prevention forest belt is built is solved theoretically and practically, and the situation that the fire-prevention forest belt is built relaying on experience is changed. The technological method has wide prospects in application and popularization.

The invention discloses a method for improving the survival rate of forestation for a seawall-based forest belt, which comprises the following steps of: digging tree pits and applying a base fertilizer on inner and outer slopes of the seawall in February and March; selecting high-grade robinia tree seedlings, adding water and soil into a water-retaining agent and mixing into slurry before planting, dipping seedling roots in the slurry, planting while dipping, and watering enough rooting water after planting; selecting poplars with the thickness of 2 to 3cm on a green bank and shearing into cuttings with the length of 30 to 40cm, and soaking the cuttings in clear water so as to fully absorb moisture; quickly dipping the cuttings in the water-retaining agent for 3 to 5 seconds and inserting the cuttings into the tree pits, wherein the depth is that the upper shear mouth is 1cm away from the ground, and watering enough; and cutting couch grass into blocks and planting in an open space point by point. The method for improving the survival rate of forestation for the seawall-based forest belt has the advantages of making the survival rate of forestation improved to 85-96 percent and overcoming the defects that the traditional planting mode has low survival rate of forestation, slow forestation and poor protection effect. Therefore, the seawall-based forest belt has the expected disaster-resistant and windproof effects 3 to 5 years earlier.

The invention discloses an agricultural protection forest updating and optimizing method which comprises the following steps: step 1, selecting less-hazard coniferous arbor species, wherein the greatest growth height of the less-hazard coniferous arbor species is equal to or greater than that of an existing aspen forest belt; step 2, performing forest planting on the existing aspen forest belt on one side of an original aspen forest protection forest belt in an out-belt updating mode by use of the less-hazard coniferous arbor species selected in the step 1; step 3, performing forest planting in summer and rainy season of each year; step 4, when the average tree height is more than 10m, performing clear cutting on the existing aspen forest belt, thereby finishing forest belt updating and transforming. According to the agricultural protection forest updating and optimizing method, the existing aspen forest belt is updated and transformed by virtue of the selected less-hazard coniferous arbor species, a mode of binding large seedlings and forming a forest once is adopted, so that the purposes of reducing land occupation and alleviating hazards are achieved; furthermore, the aspect change of the forest belt is not obvious, the protection efficiency is stable, sustained and stable protective benefits in a protective forest updating and optimizing process can be preserved.

The invention discloses a method for controlling desertification and a simulation tree, belongs to the field of machinery and plastic process simulation, and solves the problems that a green belt is long in growth time and slow in effect and the like in desertification control. A trunk (2), branches (3), twigs (4) and stems and leaves (10) are made of steel in desert, the twigs are wrapped by plastics, and the stems and leaves are wrapped by plastics. After the method is adopted, a simulation forest belt can be formed to keep off blown sand, and the formed simulation forest belt and the matched water, soil and planted wood are alternately carried forward to control the desertification.