Construction method of protective forest belt for relieving hypochondrium land
By digging deep trenches in the forest land to form vertical isolation areas and setting drainage outlets, the problem of shelterbelts to farmland is solved, the growth of forests is promoted and drought resistance is improved, and soil pollution and additional costs are avoided.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510873062.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-19
AI Technical Summary
When the prior art reduces the threatening effect of shelterbelts on farmland, it can easily affect the growth and development of trees, and may cause soil pollution or increase costs.
By digging deep trenches in the forest land, the roots of the forest belt are moved vertically down by 50cm to form a vertical isolation area from the roots of the farmland crops to avoid direct contact, use 50-100cm deep soil to inhibit weed growth, and set up drains to remove accumulated water to ensure normal growth of the forest.
It effectively reduces the threat effect of forest belts on farmland, promotes forest growth, improves drought resistance, and avoids soil pollution and additional costs, solving the negative impact of the existing technology.
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Figure CN120501022A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of forest cultivation, in particular to a method for constructing a protective forest belt for alleviating land threats. Background Art
[0002] Shelterbelts refer to a general term for rows of trees with protective functions created in the form of strips around farmlands, grasslands, settlements, factories and mines, reservoirs, and on both sides of railways, highways, rivers, channels, and coastal areas. They are an important form of shelterbelt construction and play a vital role in the construction of my country's Three Norths Project.
[0003] While shelterbelts provide ecological protection, they also have certain negative effects. The most typical problem is the belt-induced land-strain problem. This is caused by competition between shelterbelt trees and adjacent farmland crops for soil nutrients and water, and the shade of adjacent shaded crops caused by the shelterbelts, resulting in crop yield reductions. This shading problem can be addressed to some extent by selecting shade-tolerant crops. As for the land-strain problem of competition for soil nutrients and water, the current main approach is to restrict the root growth of shelterbelt trees into the farmland crop area, preventing direct contact with crop roots. Compared with farmland crop roots, shelterbelt tree roots have a stronger ability to absorb soil nutrients and water. Crop roots cannot compete with the tree roots, resulting in reduced crop yields and quality due to insufficient nutrient and water absorption.
[0004] Literature review and production surveys indicate that the current methods for reducing and alleviating the threat of forest belts are mainly through root cutting and film covering techniques and trenching and root removal techniques. The former involves mechanically trenching 1.5-2.0m from the farmland side of the forest belt, cutting roots, laying a 50cm-deep plastic film vertically downward on the farmland side, and backfilling the soil to restore the original shape. This creates a control surface in the soil that prevents the root system of the forest belt from extending toward the farmland, thus controlling the spread of the tree roots into the farmland arable layer and achieving the goal of reducing the threat of forest belts. The trenching and root removal technique involves mechanically trenching 50-70cm deep between the forest belt and the farmland crops, generally 1.5-2.0m from the forest belt. This cuts off the roots of the forest belt trees extending into the farmland crop area, and then removes the cut roots remaining in the crop growing area during tillage, thereby reducing the threat of forest belts. However, root-cutting and film-covering techniques, which involve burying plastic film in the soil over time and preventing it from weathering and degrading, can easily cause soil pollution. Root cutting and the control of root growth also affect the normal growth and development of trees, thus impacting the function of shelterbelts. Trenching and root removal can also weaken tree growth and, in severe cases, even cause tree death or decline, impacting the effectiveness of shelterbelts. Furthermore, after a few years, tree roots can easily grow again and extend into the tillage layer of farmland. Repeated trenching and root removal are required to mitigate the impact of ridges, increasing costs and potentially killing trees in the forest belt.
[0005] In view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the current methods of reducing the threat of forest belts, it has become a very urgent and necessary issue to reduce the negative effects of the current shelterbelt construction by carrying out methods that do not affect the normal growth and development of tree species while achieving the purpose of reducing the threat of forest belts. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and to provide a method for constructing a protective forest belt that reduces stress on the land, so as to achieve a vertical isolation zone between the roots of trees and the roots of the protected farmland crops, avoid direct contact and competition, reduce stress on the land without affecting the growth of trees, and improve the drought resistance of the trees in the protective forest belt.
[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a method for constructing a protective forest belt to alleviate land threat, comprising the following steps:
[0008] (1) Forest belt selection: Choose plain areas, farmland edges, and roadside areas with a slope of less than 5 degrees;
[0009] (2) Forest land treatment: In the forest land where the forest belt is to be built, dig a trench with a width of 50 cm on both sides along the direction of the forest belt to facilitate tree planting and growth. The trench is the same length as the actual length of the forest belt and 50 cm deep. The excavated soil is placed on one side of the trench as the cultivated layer soil. Then continue to dig 50 cm deep as the cultivated layer soil and place the excavated soil on the other side of the trench. Then, the excavated 0-50 cm deep cultivated layer soil is backfilled into the trench and flattened for planting seedlings. The cultivated layer soil is conducive to the survival and growth of the trees planted in the trench. The 50-100 cm deep soil placed on the other side of the trench is evenly spread on both sides of the trench. These 50-100 cm deep soils are raw soils with poor physical and chemical properties, which are not conducive to plant growth. Placing them on both sides of the trench forest belt can inhibit the growth of weeds on both sides of the forest belt in the early stage of afforestation and relatively promote the survival and growth of trees.
[0010] (3) Digging drainage outlets: To prevent a large amount of water accumulation during the rainy season, drainage outlets are dug at both ends of the ditch and at relatively low places. The drainage outlets are connected to the farmland irrigation and drainage ditch system accompanying the forest belt. The density of the drainage outlets is one every 50-100m, and each drainage outlet is 2-3m wide. The drainage outlets are connected to the farmland irrigation and drainage ditch system accompanying the forest belt. When there is a large amount of rainfall in a short period of time during the rainy season, the excess water in the ditch can be discharged to prevent the trees in the ditch from being flooded.
[0011] (4) Planting point setting: Set the seedling planting points in the trench that has been dug and backfilled with soil according to the afforestation design;
[0012] (5) Digging planting holes: Dig planting holes of corresponding specifications according to the seedling specifications at the planting points set in the trench;
[0013] (6) Planting seedlings: Plant seedlings according to the conventional open-hole afforestation technology, and then add soil and tamp it down;
[0014] (7) Forest stand management: After afforestation is completed, regular watering, soil loosening, weeding and daily maintenance should be carried out in accordance with the technical links of conventional forest stand management. At the same time, drainage outlets should be regularly cleared to maintain smooth drainage and prevent blockage.
[0015] The above method is to dig trenches and prepare the land in autumn and implement it in spring after the soil is thoroughly dissolved.
[0016] The above method is mainly aimed at broad-leaved tree protection belts where the land is seriously threatened.
[0017] Principle of the invention:
[0018] This method of constructing a protective forest belt is to move the forest land vertically down 50 cm and plant seedlings. The roots of the trees in the forest belt formed by this method are vertically isolated from the roots of the crops in the cultivated layer. The crop roots are generally concentrated in the cultivated layer of 15-20 cm, while the roots of the trees in the forest belt planted by this method are in the soil 50 cm below the ground, forming a soil isolation layer with a vertical distance of 20-30 cm. This increases the distance between the tree roots and the crop roots, avoids direct contact between the tree roots and the roots of adjacent crops, and reduces the competition between the trees and crops for water and nutrients in the cultivated layer, thereby reducing the threat effect of the forest belt without affecting the normal growth and development of the trees in the forest belt.
[0019] Therefore, the present invention provides a method for constructing a shelterbelt to reduce land stress, which utilizes the method of vertically shifting the forest belt and woodland to distance the roots of trees from the roots of adjacent farmland crops, avoiding direct contact, reducing competition and reducing land stress; at the same time, it does not affect the normal growth and development of trees, and effectively alleviates the contradiction between agriculture and forestry competing for land.
[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0021] (1) It can reduce the land threat effect of forest belts without affecting the growth of trees, and can play a long-term role;
[0022] (2) It will not cause any adverse impacts such as pollution to cultivated land and the ecological environment of farmland;
[0023] (3) It can relatively improve the drought resistance of trees in shelterbelts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] Figure 1 A plan for constructing a shelterbelt according to the present invention;
[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the construction state structure of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0027] The implementation site is located in Qinghe Town, Horqin District, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The soil type is sandy soil, the terrain is flat, the altitude is 130-150m, and the forest belt runs east-west.
[0028] Forest land treatment: In 2016, at the border of the highway and farmland, combined with the construction of road protection forests, a trench 400m long and 50cm wider than the actual width of the forest belt was dug on both sides of the farmland and along the direction of the highway. The trench was 50cm deep and placed on one side of the trench. The excavated soil was then dug 50cm deeper and placed on the other side of the trench. The excavated soil of 0-50cm depth was then backfilled into the trench and flattened to form a trench 50cm below the ground surface and the length and width of the proposed forest belt. Finally, the soil placed on the other side of the trench with a depth of 50-100cm was evenly spread on both sides of the trench.
[0029] Dig drainage outlets: After the seedlings are planted, dig drainage outlets at both ends of the ditch and at relatively low places. Each drainage outlet is 2-3m wide and one is dug every 50m. The drainage outlets are connected to the farmland drainage ditch.
[0030] Planting point setting: Set up seedling planting points in the trench that has been dug and backfilled according to the afforestation design; the afforestation design creates 2 rows with a row spacing of 2m×2m
[0031] Digging planting holes: Dig planting holes of corresponding specifications according to the seedling specifications at the planting points set in the ditch. The afforestation design uses 3 large poplar seedlings with 2 poles, and the planting hole specifications are 30cm×30cm×30cm.
[0032] Planting seedlings: Place three large silver poplar seedlings (two stems) in the planting hole, straighten them, add soil, and tamp them down. Water them promptly after planting, and add a layer of loose soil after the water seeps in.
[0033] Forest stand management: After afforestation is completed, watering, loosening the soil, weeding and daily maintenance should be carried out regularly in accordance with the technical links of conventional forest stand management. At the same time, the drainage outlets should be dredged regularly to keep drainage unobstructed and prevent blockage.
[0034] Contrast effect
[0035] On plots with identical site conditions and planting dates, shelterbelts constructed using the construction method of this example were established alongside three control shelterbelts constructed using conventional construction methods. One conventional shelterbelt was treated with root cutting and film application, one with trenching and root removal, and one with normal growth without any treatment. All trees were of the poplar variety, Populus argenteus, planted in two rows with a spacing of 2m x 2m, using two poles and three poles. Each transect was 50 meters long, and the 9-year-old shelterbelts were surveyed for their striated land and tree growth. The results showed: 1. Striated land. In the forest belts treated with the root cutting and filming technology, corn yield increased by an average of 38.71% within 1.3 times the tree height compared to the control forest belt (no treatment), and the aboveground biomass of corn plants increased by 56.5% compared to the control. In the forest belts treated with the trenching and root cutting technology, the average corn yield of grain crops increased by 36.6% within 1.3 times the tree height, and the aboveground biomass of corn plants increased by 50.7% compared to the control. In the forest belts treated with the embodiment technology, the corn yield of grain crops increased by 38.9% within 1.3 times the tree height compared to the control, and the aboveground biomass of corn plants increased by 57.8% compared to the control. 2. Tree growth. The average height of the Populus altissima forest belt treated with root cutting and filming was 13.38m, with an average breast diameter of 12.9cm. The growth of the trees was affected, and the growth potential was slightly poor. The average height of the Populus altissima forest belt treated with ditching and root cutting was 13.44m, with an average breast diameter of 13.1cm. The growth of the trees was affected, and the growth potential was slightly poor. The average height of the control forest belt was 14.38m, with an average breast diameter of 13.7cm, and the trees grew more lushly. The average height of the forest belt treated with the embodiment was 14.77m, with an average breast diameter of 14.1cm, and the trees grew lushly. This shows that the technology of the present invention not only significantly reduces the threat of forest belts, but also promotes the growth of trees in forest belts to a certain extent, effectively alleviating the contradiction between forest farmers and land preparation, and achieving obvious construction benefits.
[0036] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A method for constructing a protective forest belt to reduce land threat, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Forest belt selection: Choose plain areas, farmland edges, and roadside areas with a slope of less than 5 degrees; (2) Forest land treatment: In the forest land where the forest belt is to be built, dig a trench on both sides along the direction of the forest belt, with a width of 50 cm and a length consistent with the actual length of the forest belt. The trench is 50 cm deep. The excavated soil is placed on one side of the trench as the cultivated soil. Then continue to dig 50 cm deep as the cultivated soil and place it on the other side of the trench. Then, the excavated 0-50 cm deep cultivated soil is backfilled into the trench and flattened. The soil placed on the other side of the trench with a depth of 50-100 cm is evenly spread on both sides of the trench. (3) Digging drainage outlets: To prevent large amounts of water from accumulating during the rainy season, dig drainage outlets at both ends of the ditch and at relatively low points. The drainage outlets lead to the farmland irrigation and drainage ditch system accompanying the forest belt. The density of the drainage outlets is one every 50-100 m, and each drainage outlet is 2-3 m wide. (4) Planting point setting: Set the seedling planting points in the trench that has been dug and backfilled with soil according to the afforestation design; (5) Digging planting holes: Dig planting holes of corresponding specifications according to the seedling specifications at the planting points set in the trench; (6) Planting seedlings: Plant seedlings according to the conventional open-hole afforestation technology, and then add soil and tamp it down; (7) Forest stand management: After afforestation is completed, regular watering, soil loosening, weeding and daily maintenance should be carried out in accordance with the technical links of conventional forest stand management. At the same time, drainage outlets should be regularly cleared to maintain smooth drainage and prevent blockage.
2. The method for constructing a protective forest belt to reduce land threat according to claim 1, characterized in that: Choose to dig trenches and prepare the land in autumn, and implement it in spring after the soil is thoroughly dissolved.
3. The method for constructing a protective forest belt to reduce land threat according to claim 1, characterized in that: It is mainly aimed at broad-leaved tree protection belts where the land is seriously threatened.