36 results about "Mass flux" patented technology

Uniform fluid delivery to a substrate is provider using a diffuser. The diffuser is designed with a series of fluid (gas and / or liquid) passages of equal effective length / flow resistance, such that as the fluid passes through the diffuser, the gas exits all areas at the same time and with the same mass flux. These passages may not be physically the same, however they have the same effective length and flow resistance. The diffuser can be implemented using single or multiple stacked layers, and from several to many passages. The net effect is a uniform gas curtain to the wafer. Since the passages through the diffuser are effectively the same, the uniform gas curtain to the wafer is not sensitive to the quantity of gas, the gas flow rate or the gas pressure. Additionally, a faceplate can optionally be used to smooth out any jet effects of the diffuser exit holes.

An apparatus for monitoring a parameter of a solvent during a drying process is described. The apparatus includes a light source providing at least one light beam and a detection system receiving a signal corresponding to the at least one light beam transmitted through a vapor of the solvent flowing through a diagnostic region. A processor can determine from the signal at least one solvent parameter associated with the vapor of the solvent, and the processor can determine from the at least one solvent parameter the instantaneous mass flux of the vapor of the solvent.

The present invention comprises a high performance, vertical, zero-net mass-flux, synthetic jet actuator for active control of viscous, separated flow on subsonic and supersonic vehicles. The present invention is a vertical piezoelectric hybrid zero-net mass-flux actuator, in which all the walls of the chamber are electrically controlled synergistically to reduce or enlarge the volume of the synthetic jet actuator chamber in three dimensions simultaneously and to reduce or enlarge the diameter of orifice of the synthetic jet actuator simultaneously with the reduction or enlargement of the volume of the chamber. The jet velocity and mass flow rate for the present invention will be several times higher than conventional piezoelectric synthetic jet actuators.

Apparatus and methods for rapidly detecting, localizing, imaging, and quantifying leaks of natural gas and other hydrocarbon and greenhouse gases. Scanning sensors, scan patterns, and data processing algorithms enable monitoring a site to rapidly detect, localize, image, and quantify amounts and rates of hydrocarbon leaks. Multispectral short-wave infrared detectors sense non-thermal infrared radiation from natural solar or artificial illumination sources by differential absorption spectroscopy. A multispectral sensor is scanned to envelop an area of interest, detect the presence and location of a leak, and raster scan the area around the leak to create an image of the leak. The resulting absorption image related to differential spectral optical depth is color mapped to render the degree of gas absorption across the scene. Analysis of this optical depth image, with factors including known inline pressures and / or surface wind speed measurements, enable estimation of the leak rate, i.e., emission mass flux of gas.

Apparatus and methods for rapidly detecting, localizing, imaging, and quantifying leaks of natural gas and other hydrocarbon and greenhouse gases. Scanning sensors, scan patterns, and data processing algorithms enable monitoring a site to rapidly detect, localize, image, and quantify amounts and rates of hydrocarbon leaks. Multispectral short-wave infrared detectors sense non-thermal infrared radiation from natural solar or artificial illumination sources by differential absorption spectroscopy. A multispectral sensor is scanned to envelop an area of interest, detect the presence and location of a leak, and raster scan the area around the leak to create an image of the leak. The resulting absorption image related to differential spectral optical depth is color mapped to render the degree of gas absorption across the scene. Analysis of this optical depth image, with factors including known inline pressures and / or surface wind speed measurements, enable estimation of the leak rate, i.e., emission mass flux of gas.

A double-acting device for generating a synthetic jet is provided. The double-acting device includes a chamber having a cavity for a working fluid, a separating element for dividing the chamber into at least two sub-chambers, a control system connected to the chamber for controlling the separating element to act reciprocatingly, an input system connected to the chamber for inputting the working fluid to the chamber therethrough and an output system connected to the chamber for outputting the working fluid from the chamber therethrough. When the working fluid is pushed and pulled by a reciprocating action of the separating element, a train of vortices would be puffed and a non-zero-net-mass-flux fluid is generated through a designed structure and a defined arrangement of the input system and the output system.

A system and a method for an ambient atmosphere ion thruster having a pair of permeable electrical members for accelerating ambient atmosphere ions which enter the thruster due to a craft's relative velocity. Neutral ambient atmosphere molecules in the intake mass flux may also be ionized and subsequently accelerated by the pair of permeable electrical members. Acceleration of any entering mass comprises an exhaust mass flux which then produces a net thrust. Such net thrust is then vectored by configuring and orienting the thrusters for imparting axial and lateral accelerations as well as pitch, yaw, and roll controls. The present invention is operational in proximity to any celestial body having a sensible atmosphere during a portion of the free trajectory or during orbiting at altitude. Useful net thrust is thereby produced without need for carrying reaction mass onboard a spacecraft.

The invention relates to a dynamic odor tester, comprising a shell and a test and control gas circuit mounted in the shell, wherein the test and control gas circuit is divided into three gas paths; the first gas path is a reference gas path; the second gas path is a mixed gas path; the third gas path is a tested gas path; the three gas paths are connected with a stop valve, a constant pressure valve, a rotor flux meter, a mass flux control meter, a venture mixing tube, a rotary mixing chamber, a reference gas outlet and a mixed gas outlet via pipelines and a gas source access port. The dynamic odor tester utilizes dynamic dilution and parallel design, and the negative pressure mixing mechanism in the venture mixing tube, and realizes dynamic gas distribution via the high speed rotary mixing tank. The dynamic odor tester has reliable performance, and can meet domestic three-point comparison odor bag method and European osmometer method. The dynamic odor tester can be used to test the strength and concentration of odor gas sample or the gas sample of peculiar smell in exhaust stack or environment gas, while the gas sample contains a sample containing one odor material and a composite odor sample containing at least two odor materials.

The invention relates to a mass flux soft measuring method for measuring the concentration of coal dust in a station boiler. The method provides a decomposition-and-synthesis-based multi-model weighted average solid-phase mass flux nonlinearity soft-measuring model by utilizing the fuzzy mathematics. The method can effectively reduce the influence of flow pattern on the measuring accuracy of a multiphase flow flowmeter, thereby improving the precision of concentration measurement. The soft measuring model based on the electrostatic sensing technology and the fuzzy rules can be applied to multiphase flow parameters measurement based on different detection principles. The system has the advantages of simple structure and easy realization.

A method for determining a mass flux of an entrained phase in a planar two-phase flow records images of particles in the two-phase flow. Respective sizes of the particles (the entrained phase) are determined as a function of a separation between spots identified on the particle images. Respective velocities of the particles are determined. The mass flux of the entrained phase is determined as a function of the size and velocity of the particles.

The invention described herein concerns microchannel apparatus that contains, within the same device, at least one manifold and multiple connecting microchannels that connect with the manifold. For superior heat or mass flux in the device, the volume of the connecting microchannels should exceed the volume of manifold or manifolds. Methods of conducting unit operations in microchannel devices having simultaneous disrupted and non-disrupted flow through microchannels is also described.

The invention discloses a fractal theory-based shale nanopore permeability prediction method, which comprises the following steps: establishing an expression of a flow section and a length scale expressed by fractal dimension based on a fractal theory and a capillary bundle model; based on the fractal theory, according to different flow state characteristics in a shale reservoir and the Hastelloy-Poisson's law, establishing a single round pipe gas mass flux integral expression including slip flow, free flow and surface flow; based on the Darcy law, establishing a total expression of the mass flow of the porous medium gas; substituting the mass flux integral expression and the flow section expression into the total expression to obtain a shale nanopore permeability analytical expression considering the multi-scale flow state; and calculating the nano-pore permeability of the shale in different flow states through the shale nanopore permeability analytical expression. According to the method, the permeability of the unconventional reservoir tight shale gas nanopores can be rapidly and accurately predicted.

An EGR system control method of an engine may include calculating a target mass flux ({dot over (m)}egrd) of EGR gas flowing an EGR line, calculating an effective flowing area (EFA) of an EGR valve disposed on the EGR line, calculating an EGR flow sensitivity by dividing the target mass flux with the effective flowing area, and controlling a real opening rate of the EGR valve by applying the EGR flow sensitivity to a target opening rate of the EGR valve. Accordingly, a gain value is varied on a real time according to an effective flowing area of the EGR valve and a target mass flux of EGR gas such that real opening rate of an EGR valve is accurately and precisely controlled.

The invention discloses a heat dissipation mass flow meter and a mass flow measuring method. The flow meter comprises a flow measuring RTD and a temperature measuring RTD, a resistance measuring module used for measuring the resistances of the flow measuring RTD and the temperature measuring RTD, a microprocessor used for obtaining the temperatures of the flow measuring RTD and the temperature measuring RTD according to the resistances, calculating the temperature difference between the flow measuring RTD and the temperature measuring RTD and sending out digital signals to a digital-to-analogue converter, controlling the heating power to the flow measuring RTD through the digital-to-analogue converter, a pressing control voltage / current supply and also determining the present flowing speed of the liquid according to the temperature difference or heating power, the digital-to-analogue converter used for carrying out digital-to-analogue conversion on the digital signals and sending out control voltage to the pressing control voltage / current supply and the pressing control voltage / current supply used for sending out voltage / current to the flow measuring RTD according to the control voltage so as to heat the flow measuring RTD. The invention realizes accurate control to the temperature difference and heating power, thus enhancing the accuracy of flow measuring.

An apparatus and system for increasing power output for wind energy generation through a diffusing mechanism. An apparatus and system for mixing the wake and external flow, thereby permitting increasing mass-flux for wind energy generation. An apparatus to control and energize the boundary layer associated with wind energy generation by the use of an intake, bypass, and diffuser mechanism. A distributed load support provided by a wind energy generation apparatus and system. An apparatus for augmenting a wind energy generation system by achieving an increased energy extraction per unit of primary mass-flow.

An improved method and apparatus for simultaneously monitoring the fluid flux and the target chemical mass fluxes in fluid flow systems is provided comprising the use of a body or shell that is inserted into the flow field. Inside or outside this body is a bundle of one or more permeable sorptive columns. The extremes of each column are hydraulically connected to the outside flow field around the body of the device through a pair of small openings in the body. The known non-uniform flow velocity distribution around the body of the invention causes a pressure difference between pairs of openings used to connect internal or external column units. A preferred shape of the body is a hydrofoil. Alternatively, instantaneous measurement of the fluid flux and contaminant composition is possible using pressure transducers and a chemical sensor. The method of monitoring comprises placing the invention in contact with the contaminated flow field, thereby allowing target chemicals in the fluid to be transported through internal column units and be sorbed on the insoluble sorbent matrix. The permeable sorptive column unit is then removed and the sorptive matrix is analyzed directly or visually (if visible tracers are used) to determine cumulative fluid fluxes and cumulative target chemical mass fluxes.

A tracer method for online monitoring of downhole zonal contributions of oil, condensate, gas, or water mass flux of a production flow in a petroleum production well, includes arranging distinct tracer carrier systems, each in different production zones in said well, the distinct tracer carrier systems arranged for releasing unique tracers to a fluid of the production zones, the tracers having affinity after downhole release to separate phases of oil, condensate, gas, or water, using an online tracer monitor, conducting sampling of tracer concentrations for at least one of the tracers in said zonal mass fluxes at a high sampling rate, based on said concentration values, estimating the corresponding zonal tracer fluxes for each delivery data point and using said one or more estimated zonal mass fluxes to control one or more Petro Technical processes.

The invention discloses a design and assessment method for a hollow brick heat storage type heater. The method comprises the steps of (1) performing geometric design of a heat storage unit of the heater; (2) performing a performance analysis method for the heat storage unit, wherein the performance analysis method for the heat storage unit includes a pressure loss analysis method and a heat stressanalysis method for the heat storage unit; (3) performing design and analysis method for a heat insulation layer of the heater; and (4) performing a preliminary preheating design and analysis methodfor the heater. According to given benchmark design state requirements of the heater, geometric design of a heater scheme can be performed by adopting the method, wherein the geometric design comprises operation of determining other geometric parameters such as the total height and the maximum diameter of the heater, the height and the diameter of a heat storage material, the thickness of the heatinsulation layer and the like; and aerodynamic parameters in a working process of the heat storage type heater can be further assessed by adopting the method, namely, calculation can be performed toobtain an airflow mass flux characteristic of the heat storage unit under a benchmark condition, an on-way change of a local maximum temperature difference of the heat storage unit in a benchmark operation state, radial temperature distribution of a heat storage array in a preheating process and the like.

An EGR system control method of an engine may include calculating a target mass flux ({dot over (m)}egrd) of EGR gas flowing an EGR line, calculating an effective flowing area (EFA) of an EGR valve disposed on the EGR line, calculating an EGR flow sensitivity by dividing the target mass flux with the effective flowing area, and controlling a real opening rate of the EGR valve by applying the EGR flow sensitivity to a target opening rate of the EGR valve. Accordingly, a gain value is varied on a real time according to an effective flowing area of the EGR valve and a target mass flux of EGR gas such that real opening rate of an EGR valve is accurately and precisely controlled.

An improved method and apparatus for simultaneously monitoring the fluid flux and the target chemical mass fluxes in fluid flow systems is provided comprising the use of a body or shell that is inserted into the flow field. Inside or outside this body is a bundle of one or more permeable sorptive columns. The extremes of each column are hydraulically connected to the outside flow field around the body of the device through a pair of small openings in the body. The known non-uniform flow velocity distribution around the body of the invention causes a pressure difference between pairs of openings used to connect internal or external column units. A preferred shape of the body is a hydrofoil. Alternatively, instantaneous measurement of the fluid flux and contaminant composition is possible using pressure transducers and a chemical sensor. The method of monitoring comprises placing the invention in contact with the contaminated flow field, thereby allowing target chemicals in the in the fluid to be transported through internal column units and be sorbed on the insoluble sorbent matrix. The permeable sorptive column unit is then removed and the sorptive matrix is analyzed directly or visually (if visible tracers are used) to determine cumulative fluid fluxes and cumulative target chemical mass fluxes.

The invention discloses an overflowing treatment method of a linear water retaining structure under a two-dimensional non-structural flood numerical simulation framework. After topographic and geomorphological data of a calculation area and geometric feature data of the linear water retaining structure are obtained, a quadrilateral non-structural grid discrete calculation area is adopted, and thecenter line of the linear water retaining structure serves as a control line of grid division. After grid division is completed, grid unit edges representing the linear water retaining structure are defined as special edges, and the rest unit edges are defined as boundary edges and common edges. The weir flow form is judged according to the ratio of the top width of the linear structure to the upstream water depth of the linear structure, the unit width flow passing through the special edge is calculated through a corresponding weir flow formula, and the mass flux and the momentum flux passingthrough the special edge in the outer normal direction are obtained. According to the treatment method, the mass exchange process and the momentum exchange process of the two sides of the linear structure can be considered while the calculation efficiency is considered, and the defects of an existing method are overcome.

The invention relates to a detecting method for vortex street mass flux that belongs to liquid measuring technology field. The invention uses the vortex signal frequency caused by detecting vortex street generator and the force on the detector, the output signal on effect force is a periodic signal with certain amplitude. The mass flux would be calculated according to the detecting frequency and amplitude. The invention is easy to operate, high accuracy, broad application range and can be used for two phase fluxes detecting and high temperature environment detecting.

A system and a method for an ambient atmosphere ion thruster having a pair of permeable electrical members for accelerating ambient atmosphere ions which enter the thruster due to a craft's relative velocity. Neutral ambient atmosphere molecules in the intake mass flux may also be ionized and subsequently accelerated by the pair of permeable electrical members. Acceleration of any entering mass comprises an exhaust mass flux which then produces a net thrust. Such net thrust is then vectored by configuring and orienting the thrusters for imparting axial and lateral accelerations as well as pitch, yaw, and roll controls. The present invention is operational in proximity to any celestial body having a sensible atmosphere during a portion of the free trajectory or during orbiting at altitude. Useful net thrust is thereby produced without need for carrying reaction mass onboard a spacecraft.

A device detecting NO through chemiluminescence and a detecting method thereof are disclosed. The device comprises a gas generating system and a nitrogen oxide chemiluminescence analyzer, and also comprises a sealing component for accommodating an impurity adsorber, a mass flux control branch and a branch of a gas source to be detected. The gas generating system is separately connected to the mass flux control branch and the branch of the gas source to be detected. One end of the sealing component is separately connected to the mass flux control branch and the branch of the gas source to be detected, and the other end of the sealing component is connected to the nitrogen oxide chemiluminescence analyzer. The method detects through the device. The method can effectively eliminate impurity interferences through impurity adsorber treatment under specific conditions so that NO detection is more accurate.

The invention relates to an intelligent differential pressure mass flow gage embedded into industrial Ethernet interface, and a relative measuring method. The inventive intelligent differential pressure mass flow gage comprises a multifunctional sensor for measuring differential pressure, pressure and temperature and outputting differential pressure, pressure, sensor temperature, and medium temperature signal to a microprocessor DSP, and the microprocessor DSP processes data fusion, eliminates the effects of temperature and pressure on the differential pressure, uses flux equation to calculate out instant mass flux, accumulated mass flux, and output instant mass flux, accumulated mass flux, pressure and temperature signals to a microprocessor MCU, and the microprocessor MCU packs the received signal via Ethernet format, to form an Ethernet frame. The microprocessor MCU has an Ethernet card to transmit data frame to industrial Ethernet bus. The invention realizes intelligent and network flux gage and measuring method.

The invention relates to a method for determining an indicator for a prediction of an instability in a compressor, which is designed as an axial or radial compressor, having the following steps: operating a compressor designed as an axial or radial compressor in operating states, which differ by different values of a characteristic parameter for a flow mass flux of the compressor, wherein the operating states are run through at decreasing flow mass fluxes; determining the values of the characteristic value for the flow mass flux for the operating states; detecting time-resolved pressure measurement values when running through the operating states by means of a pressure sensor (6), which is arranged in a housing of the compressor, upstream adjacent to an entrance plane of a rotor stage (2);determining the skew for the operating states and determining an indicator for an instability of the compressor, if an algebraic sign change of the curve rise is determined for a curve profile of theskew over the characteristic parameter for the flow mass flux for the operating states. The invention further relates to the use of the method and a device for determining an indicator for a prediction of an instability in an compressor.

The invention discloses a mass flux control device comprising a power supply and display module which comprises a power supply circuit and a voltage / current converting circuit. An anti-interference capacitor is bridged between a live wire and a null wire of an AC input terminal of the power supply circuit. The anti-interference capacitor is a metalized polypropylene film capacitor. The AC input terminal of the power supply circuit is also connected with an EMI filter. A DC output terminal (i.e. a power supply input terminal of a control module) of the voltage / current converting circuit is provided with an EMI sheet-shaped filter and a ceramic disc capacitor. The aniti-interference capacity of the mass flux control device can be effectively reinforced.

The invention discloses a flow-through treatment method of a linear water-retaining structure under a two-dimensional non-structural flood numerical simulation framework. After obtaining the terrain and geomorphic data of the calculation area and the geometric feature data of the linear water-retaining structures, a quadrilateral unstructured grid is used to discretize the calculation area, and the center line of the linear water-retaining structures is used as the control line for grid division. After the meshing is completed, the grid cell edges representing linear water-retaining structures are defined as special edges, and the rest of the cell edges are defined as boundary edges and common edges. According to the ratio of the top width of the linear structure to its upstream water depth to judge the weir flow shape, the corresponding weir flow formula is used to calculate the single-width flow through the special edge, and the mass flux and momentum flux through the normal direction outside the special edge can be obtained. quantity. This processing method can take into account the mass exchange and momentum exchange process on both sides of the linear structure while taking into account the computational efficiency, which makes up for the shortcomings of the existing methods.

The present invention relates to mass flux measurement. A passive mass flux measurement method is provided. A passive mass flux measuring instrument equipped with a carbon-base absorption sampling device is included; when a compound steam is passing through a measured surface of the carbon-base absorption sampling device and entering the passive mass flux measuring instrument in a molecular diffusion form, the compound is absorbed and collected by the carbon-base absorption sampling device; and the mass flux of the compound in the mass flux measuring instrument can be calculated by the mass of the compound collected in unit time by the carbon-base absorption sampling device. The present invention can be used to measure the mass flux of volatile and volatile compounds emitted from the surface of a measured object, including the surfaces of natural ground, building floor, building material and the furniture.