54 results about "Molecular diffusion" patented technology

An apparatus includes a porous substrate and a multi-layer membrane. The porous substrate has a pore structure configured to allow diffusion of hydrogen molecules through the porous substrate. The multi-layer membrane is configured to, in response to contacting a hydrogen molecule present in the gas stream, split the hydrogen molecule into at least one of hydrogen atoms or protons. The multi-layer membrane is configured to allow passage of the hydrogen atoms or protons through the multi-layer membrane while blocking passage of compounds that may be present in the gas stream that are larger than hydrogen molecules. The hydrogen atoms or protons, after passing through the multi-layer membrane, combine to reform the hydrogen molecule. The multi-layer membrane includes a first metallic layer, an intermediate layer, and a second metallic layer.

The invention discloses a gas-gas diffusion concentration distribution calculation method considering gravity influence, and relates to the field of oil-gas field development, the method introduces a gravity drift velocity item generated by density difference into a traditional diffusion equation to realize unified characterization of molecular diffusion and gravity differentiation, and the method is suitable for gas-gas diffusion concentration distribution calculation. A dynamic mass transfer model suitable for multi-temperature-pressure and multi-component conditions is constructed and used for calculating concentration distribution and corresponding dynamic diffusion coefficients of injected gas and formation gas in the vertical diffusion process, and a calculation basis with better consistency is provided for prediction of the migration front edge and the distribution pattern of the injected gas, gas injection parameter optimization and gas channeling risk assessment. The method has the applicable value of improving the recovery ratio of the gas reservoir and the operation safety of the gas storage.

The utility model discloses a continuous high-efficiency crystallizer device based on ultrasonic enhanced mass transfer, which belongs to the technical field of crystallization, and adopts the technical scheme that the continuous high-efficiency crystallizer device comprises a crystallization component, the surface of the crystallization component is fixedly sleeved with a temperature control component, and the temperature control component comprises a jacket layer. The ultrasonic transducer can directionally emit ultrasonic waves to a solution in the crystallization reaction tank, and the cavitation effect and mechanical vibration generated by the ultrasonic waves can effectively break a solution mass transfer boundary layer, accelerate solute molecule diffusion, promote crystal nucleus formation and growth and greatly improve the crystallization efficiency. The temperature control assembly can achieve rapid heating and cooling of the crystallization reaction tank, meanwhile, the temperature in the crystallization reaction tank can be accurately controlled in cooperation with real-time monitoring of the temperature sensor, and therefore the strict requirements of different crystallization technologies for the temperature are met, and crystal quality reduction caused by temperature fluctuation is avoided.

The invention discloses a bottom gas material and preparation and application thereof, and relates to the field of gas storage. The bottom gas material comprises a gas-repellent nano material, a surfactant and carbon dioxide. The bottom gas material has the beneficial effects of density regulation and improvement, remarkable diffusion inhibition, excellent dynamic adaptability and the like, and can solve the problems of easiness in molecular diffusion, low density gradient, poor dynamic stability and the like of an existing bottom gas material of a gas storage.

A device includes a porous substrate and a multilayer film. The porous substrate has a pore structure configured to allow hydrogen molecules to diffuse through the porous substrate. The multilayer film is configured to split hydrogen molecules into at least one of hydrogen atoms or protons in response to contacting the hydrogen molecules in the gas stream. The multilayer film is configured to allow passage of hydrogen atoms or protons through the multilayer film while blocking passage of larger compounds than hydrogen molecules that may be present in the gas stream. The hydrogen atoms or protons bind after passing through the multilayer film to reform hydrogen molecules. The multilayer film includes a first metal layer, an intermediate layer, and a second metal layer.

The integrated microfluidic detection chip comprises a liquid conveying channel, the upper end and the lower end of the liquid conveying channel are each provided with an inlet, the center position of the side end of the liquid conveying channel is communicated with a mixing channel, the other end of the mixing channel is communicated with a flow velocity difference channel, and the flow velocity difference channel is communicated with a flow velocity sensor. An electrode detection disc is arranged on the side face of the flow velocity difference channel in a communicating mode, and a circular barrier is fixedly arranged in the electrode detection disc. Compared with a traditional detection chip, the integrated microfluidic detection chip based on dual-channel flow velocity difference vortex enhancement has the following remarkable advantages: a breakthrough in mass transfer limit is achieved: through multiple physical coupling of dual-channel flow velocity difference, incident angle optimization and a circular barrier, substance transmission is converted from single molecule diffusion to active vortex driving; the bottleneck that mass transfer of a microfluidic system is limited is solved, and in-situ dynamic refreshing of a detection interface is realized by an automatically generated discrete sample injection mode.

This invention discloses a method for distinguishing and quantifying the enhanced oil recovery (EOR) mechanism of CO2 huff and puff in unconventional oil reservoirs, relating to the field of oil and gas extraction technology. The method is based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments to determine the T2 spectrum and one-dimensional frequency coding of saturated oil cores. By analyzing the T2 spectrum and one-dimensional frequency coding of saturated oil cores, the CO2 huff and puff recovery rate and the effective CO2 reach distance are calculated. Based on the experimental data, a component model is established and calibrated to fit the experimental recovery rate and effective CO2 reach distance, thereby distinguishing and quantifying the EOR mechanism at different stages of CO2 huff and puff. This method can accurately classify the enhanced oil recovery mechanism during CO2 huff and puff into oil expansion, oil molecule diffusion, elastic energy release, and dissolved gas drive, effectively identifying the main controlling mechanism of CO2 huff and puff enhancement, providing a basis for optimizing field operations.

This invention discloses a sea urchin-shaped oxygen-rich vacancy O vac This paper describes a CuO@ZIF-8 core-shell structured photothermal catalyst, its preparation method, and its application, belonging to the fields of photocatalytic materials and artificial nitrogen fixation technology. The technical solution is as follows: the catalyst has a core-shell structure, with the core being urchin-shaped copper oxide (CuO) microspheres. These microspheres are assembled from radially arranged one-dimensional nanoneedles or nanospikes, and the surface of the core contains oxygen vacancies (O). vac The shell is an in-situ grown ultrathin zeolite imidazole ester framework material, ZIF-8, which possesses hydrophobic and molecular diffusion channel properties. This invention also constructs a matching biomimetic three-phase interface photothermal reaction system. Through the synergy of a hydrophilic substrate supplying water and a hydrophobic, permeable shell, it achieves a balance between gas diffusion and proton supply, reducing the submersion of active sites by liquid water and the occurrence of side reactions. This invention has significant advantages such as high photothermal conversion efficiency, mild preparation conditions, and high gas-liquid interface mass transfer efficiency.

This invention discloses a method for calculating gas-gas diffusion concentration distribution considering the influence of gravity, relating to the field of oil and gas field development. This method introduces a gravity drift velocity term generated by density difference into the traditional diffusion equation, realizing a unified characterization of molecular diffusion and gravity differentiation. It constructs a dynamic mass transfer model applicable to multi-temperature, multi-pressure, and multi-component conditions, which is used to calculate the concentration distribution and corresponding dynamic diffusion coefficient of injected gas and formation gas during the vertical diffusion process. This provides a more consistent calculation basis for predicting the migration front and distribution pattern of injected gas, optimizing gas injection parameters, and assessing gas channeling risk. It has applicable value for improving the recovery rate and the operational safety of gas storage facilities.

The invention discloses a method for distinguishing and quantifying an unconventional oil reservoir CO2 huff and puff recovery ratio improving mechanism, and relates to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas extraction. According to the method, a saturated oil core T2 spectrum and a one-dimensional frequency code are measured on the basis of a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiment, and the CO2 huff and puff recovery ratio and the CO2 effective action distance are calculated by analyzing the saturated oil core T2 spectrum and the one-dimensional frequency code; a component model is established and calibrated based on experimental data so as to fit the recovery ratio and the CO2 effective action distance in the experiment, and then EOR mechanisms of different CO2 huff and puff stages are distinguished and quantified. According to the method, the yield increasing mechanism in the CO2 huff and puff process can be accurately divided into oil expansion, oil molecule diffusion, elastic energy release and dissolved gas drive, the main control mechanism of CO2 huff and puff yield increasing can be effectively judged, and a basis is provided for optimization of field operation.

This utility model discloses a dehumidification device, comprising: a processing air duct, on which N stages of dehumidification rotors are sequentially arranged; the thickness of each dehumidification rotor is m, where M = m·N, N is a natural number greater than or equal to 2, and M is the target total thickness of the rotor; the final stage dehumidification rotor is a three-zone dehumidification rotor, and the ratio of the central angles of the regeneration zone, pre-cooling zone, and dehumidification zone of the three-zone dehumidification rotor is [1:1:3, 1:1:10]. This utility model's dehumidification device, by setting graded thin dehumidification rotors, breaks down traditional thick rotors into multi-stage thin dehumidification rotors (target total thickness of the rotors). The thin dehumidification rotors shorten the diffusion path of water molecules, allowing heat to penetrate the material layer more easily during regeneration, thus solving the problem of incomplete regeneration caused by excessively thick single rotors.

The present disclosure relates to a kind of multi-level hole pure silicon molecular sieve and its preparation method and cyclohexanone oxime catalytic reaction method.The multi-level hole pure silicon molecular sieve has the following diffusion coefficient characteristics: with cyclohexane as probe molecule, the diffusion coefficient of the probe molecule in the multi-level hole pure silicon molecular sieve is 0.015-0.02 μm 2 / min, measured by zero-length column method.The present disclosure can effectively improve the molecular diffusion performance of molecular sieve, and when the molecular sieve is used for cyclohexanone oxime gas phase Beckmann rearrangement reaction, the selectivity of caprolactam and the service life of catalyst can be effectively improved.

The invention discloses a molecular dynamics-based alumina membrane filtration analysis method under an ethanol-water system, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, establishing an ethanol water solution model and an alumina membrane model; determining boundary conditions; determining an initial parameter and a potential function; a simulation initialization step; a pressure-driven filtering simulation step; a simulation process trajectory data acquisition step; data analysis and visualization processing are carried out. According to the invention, the distribution and intensity of the hydrogen bond network, the molecular diffusion behavior and the alcohol-water cluster change of the ethanol-water system can be observed at the microscopic scale.

The invention discloses a phosphorus oxychloride preparation method based on a flat-plate membrane reactor, and belongs to the technical field of chemical processes and reactors. The reactor comprises a plurality of liquid chamber-gas chamber-liquid chamber functional units which are arranged repeatedly and heat exchange units located between the adjacent functional units, gas-liquid micro-interface contact is achieved through a porous hydrophobic membrane, and oxygen reacts with phosphorus trichloride in a molecular diffusion mode. According to the method, the reaction temperature is controlled to be 70-95 DEG C, the oxygen pressure is controlled to be 0.01-0.05 MPa, and the heat exchange medium is combined for circulating heat transfer, so that efficient utilization of oxygen is realized, and the reaction process is mild and controllable. The continuous operation of 3-5 reactors connected in series is supported, the oxygen utilization rate can be remarkably improved, the raw material consumption is reduced, the product purity is improved, continuous production is supported, and the method is suitable for large-scale synthesis of phosphorus oxychloride.

The present application relates to the technical field of chemical material storage stability simulation, in particular to a carbonic acid ethylene storage stability simulation method based on digital twinning, aiming to solve the problem that traditional evaluation cannot deeply couple dynamic factors such as moisture penetration, temperature and humidity change and product accumulation, cannot accurately restore the moisture gradient balance and product accumulation law in the container, and is difficult to predict the evolution of key quality indicators and failure boundaries, by constructing a digital twinning body basic model containing molecular structure and hydrolysis kinetics parameters, embedding dynamic moisture adsorption and reaction kinetics modules, calculating parameters such as moisture diffusion and penetration rate, integrating temperature and humidity sensor data, forming feedback by coupling heat and mass transfer and reaction kinetics equations, outputting stability attenuation risk index, predicting acid value, moisture content, color evolution trend and identifying failure threshold, and iteratively correcting model parameters combined with actual detection data to improve simulation accuracy.

This invention discloses a nanomaterial interface strengthening treatment device, belonging to the technical field of nanomaterial processing equipment. It includes a treatment box with a transverse lead screw moving mechanism located on the inner top side. This nanomaterial interface strengthening treatment device integrates a transverse lead screw moving mechanism, a longitudinal lead screw moving mechanism, a first electric push rod, and an infrared ranging sensor. Combined with an angle adjustment structure driven by a first servo motor, it achieves precise three-dimensional spatial movement and angle adaptation of the low-temperature plasma treatment nozzle. By combining an ultrasonic plasma composite strengthening design, it simultaneously leverages the interface cleaning and activity enhancement functions of low-temperature plasma with the molecular diffusion strengthening effect of ultrasound. This solves the problems of existing nanomaterial interface treatment devices that often employ a single treatment method, resulting in poor local interface strengthening effects on the workpiece, and can only achieve a single function, failing to simultaneously improve interface activity and strengthen bonding strength.

The present application relates to the technical field of fused deposition manufacturing, and discloses a heterogeneous material manufacturing method with an interfacial staggered overlapping structure. By setting the staggered overlapping interfacial structure, in the process of additive manufacturing of heterogeneous materials, the stress concentration phenomenon of the traditional continuous interface is broken by using the staggered arrangement strategy of the interfacial line of adjacent layers, the interfacial stress is dispersed and transmitted along the three-dimensional direction, and the interfacial bonding strength is strengthened from the geometric structure. At the same time, the active penetration and remelting of material B to material A at the interface are realized through the material rewriting mechanism, the peeling failure risk of the interfacial line caused by insufficient molecular diffusion is avoided, the interfacial staggered amount and the rewriting amount are cooperatively controlled, the definite process constraint boundary is established, the defects of overmelting or weak penetration of materials are prevented, the adaptability of the internal material region and the interfacial transition of heterogeneous materials is ensured, the process fluctuation is reduced, the repeatability of the manufacturing process is improved, and the fatigue resistance and structural bearing capacity of the interfacial line of heterogeneous materials are improved.

The utility model relates to a kind of plate-fin heat exchanger suitable for two-phase flow, including equipment component, the rear side of equipment component is provided with disturbing component, disturbing component is matched with auxiliary assembly, it is solved that the means of prior art is limited in the aspect of strengthening gas-liquid two-phase flow disturbance, its internal disturbance is insufficient, heat and mass transfer between gas and liquid mainly rely on molecular diffusion, process is slow and the problem of low efficiency, the scheme is by setting disturbing component in the rear side of equipment component, the matching horizontal plate on vertical support plate will be inserted oblique rod accurately positioned between two groups of heat exchange pipe fittings, when airflow in two-phase flow flows through the area, the unique design of side fan blade on the outer end of inserted oblique rod, by its inclination angle and distribution mode, airflow is carried out multi-angle blocking and guiding, significantly increase the contact area and contact angle of airflow and fluid in opening groove, promote the heat transfer between gas-liquid two-phase flow more fully.

The utility model relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and discloses a biofilm reactor sewage treatment device which comprises a net cage and filler arranged in the net cage, plants are planted in the filler, the bottom end of the net cage is connected with a biofilm, a floating bottle is arranged outside the net cage, and the floating bottle is connected with the biofilm. The biological membrane is used for providing attachment points for microorganisms, and when sewage flows to the biological treatment area, the microorganisms passing through the biological membrane can be transferred to the surface of the biological membrane from a sewage main body through the molecular diffusion effect. Microorganisms in the biological membrane take the organic pollutants as nutrient sources and decompose and reduce the eutrophication degree of a water body through own metabolic activity, and meanwhile, the device can float on the water surface in a semi-fixed state through buoyancy provided by the floating bottle, so that the position can be adjusted at any time according to sewage distribution, and the treatment efficiency is improved.

Provided is a gas sensor element or the like in which the diffusion mode of NOx that reaches a measurement electrode is changed from molecular diffusion to a mode of diffusing while repeatedly colliding with a wall face of a sufficiently narrow flow path. In a gas sensor element according to one aspect of the invention, a porous diffusion layer, which accounts for 70% or more of a cross-section of a flow path of a measurement target gas that is orthogonal to a flow direction of the measurement target gas, has a porosity of 5% or more and 25% or less, and is located at a position that is upstream of the measurement electrode and where the distance to the measurement electrode is 0.15 mm or less.

This invention discloses a method for preparing an internally pressurized MOF-based hollow fiber composite membrane module, belonging to the field of membrane separation technology. The invention involves introducing an aqueous solution containing metal ions and an organic solution containing organic ligands into the shell side and tube side of a hollow fiber membrane module, respectively. By controlling the number of reactions between metal ions and organic ligands on the inner surface of the hollow fiber membrane, a continuous MOF functional layer is precisely constructed. Subsequently, a low-concentration polymer solution is used to repair defects in the MOF layer, resulting in an internally pressurized MOF-based hollow fiber composite membrane module, which is then applied to pervaporation ethanol / water separation. This method simplifies the preparation process of the internally pressurized hollow fiber composite membrane module; the thin inner surface MOF layer reduces molecular diffusion resistance and enhances molecular mass transfer; the surface-coated polymer matrix effectively repairs MOF layer defects, further enhancing molecular separation selectivity and effectively protecting the MOF functional layer; and it enhances the long-term stability of the membrane module.

The invention provides short b-axis ZSM-5 zeolite as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing seed crystal, guar gum, sodium hydroxide and water; adding and dissolving an aluminum source; adding a silicon source and uniformly mixing to obtain gel; carrying out crystallization treatment on the gel, cooling a crystallization product, separating, washing with water until the crystallization product is neutral, and then drying and roasting to obtain Na-ZSM-5 zeolite; carrying out ion exchange and roasting on the Na-ZSM-5 zeolite to obtain H-ZSM-5 zeolite, namely short b-axis ZSM-5 zeolite; the dosage of the seed crystal and the dosage of the guar gum are respectively 1-5% and 1-20% of the mass of SiO2. The ZSM-5 zeolite disclosed by the invention is short in b-axis thickness, high in crystallinity, high in product yield and excellent in molecular diffusion performance, and has relatively high catalytic activity and relatively high catalytic activity stability when being used as a catalyst for preparing olefin through catalytic cracking of low-carbon hydrocarbon.

The invention discloses a signal recovery and multi-source positioning method in turbulent flow molecule communication, and aims to realize multi-source positioning and obstacle perception through a sparse nano sensor in a turbulent flow diffusion molecule communication scene. A matrix completion algorithm based on symmetric truncated nuclear norm regularization and an alternating direction multiplier method is provided, and accurate data recovery is realized under the condition of a high missing rate by using spatial symmetry of molecular diffusion; aiming at multi-source positioning and obstacle perception, a sparse Bayesian learning-based adaptive iterative grid algorithm is provided, the positioning precision is improved through SBL, an off-grid error is reduced by using an adaptive iterative grid, and the position and radius of an obstacle are synchronously estimated. According to the invention, in a turbulence diffusion molecular communication scene with obstacles, when leakage occurs to a plurality of leakage sources, the target positions of all leakage sources and the obstacles can be positioned only by using the sparse molecular detectors, and the method is especially suitable for the turbulence diffusion molecular communication scene.

The present application relates to a kind of catalytic cracking catalyst and its preparation method and application, the catalytic cracking catalyst contains carrier and phosphorus-containing hollow ZSM-5 hierarchical pore molecular sieve, with the dry basis weight of the catalytic cracking catalyst as benchmark, the content of the carrier is 50-85 wt%, the content of the phosphorus-containing hollow hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve is 15-50 wt%. The catalytic cracking catalyst of the present application has relatively optimal molecular diffusion performance, and has higher low carbon olefin yield when it is used in catalytic cracking process of naphtha.

The invention discloses a sea urchin-shaped oxygen-rich vacancy Ovaca-CuO ZIF-8 core-shell structure photo-thermal catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of photocatalytic materials and artificial nitrogen fixation. According to the technical scheme, the catalyst is of a core-shell structure, a core body is an urchin-shaped copper oxide CuO microsphere, the microsphere is formed by assembling one-dimensional nanoneedles or nano thorns which are arranged in a radial mode, and the surface of the core body contains oxygen vacancies Ovac; and the shell layer is an ultrathin zeolite imidazate framework structure material ZIF-8 grown in situ, and has hydrophobic and molecular diffusion channel characteristics. The invention also constructs a matched bionic three-phase interface photo-thermal reaction system, and through the cooperation of water supply of the hydrophilic substrate and the hydrophobic breathable shell layer, gas diffusion and proton supply are both considered, and the occurrence of liquid water submerging active sites and side reactions is reduced. The method has the remarkable advantages of high photothermal conversion efficiency, mild preparation conditions, high gas-liquid interface mass transfer efficiency and the like.

This invention discloses a hierarchical guanidine resin-based CO2 adsorbent material and its preparation method, belonging to the field of polymer synthesis technology. The adsorbent material prepared by this invention has a composite spherical structure and a hierarchical pore structure, including micropores, mesopores, and macropores. By introducing a hierarchical pore structure, the adsorption capacity of the material for CO2 is effectively improved. The introduction of hierarchical pores can significantly reduce molecular diffusion resistance and increase the contact area between the adsorbent and CO2 molecules, thereby achieving rapid adsorption. Furthermore, pyridyl, polyamino compounds, and guanidine groups have strong basicity and chemical affinity for CO2. Through surface functionalization modification, the number of active sites on the material surface is significantly increased, thereby further improving the CO2 adsorption capacity and selectivity.

This invention belongs to the field of repellent technology, disclosing a repellent, its preparation method, and its application. The repellent contains citronella extract, camphor oil, patchouli extract, and adjuvants. The adjuvants include emulsifiers, solubilizers, stabilizers, and a polymeric gel sustained-release matrix. Specifically, the polymeric gel sustained-release matrix is ​​obtained by compounding sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium alginate. The effective components of the repellent of this invention are uniformly locked in the pores of a three-dimensional network gel structure through hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, and physical entanglement. The repellent releases the effective components uniformly through a dual mechanism of molecular diffusion and gel dissolution. Moreover, the three-dimensional network gel has high strength and a dense structure, making it resistant to high temperatures, light, and rain erosion, and not easily broken. Even if it breaks, the effective components are not released completely instantly due to the uniform locking of the pores in the three-dimensional network gel structure, thus maintaining the sustained-release effect.

The present application relates to a nanoparticle preparation device and a nanoparticle preparation method. The nanoparticle preparation device comprises a gasification mechanism and a temperature control mechanism. The gasification mechanism is used to gasify raw materials to form a gas phase product and pass into the temperature control mechanism. The temperature control mechanism comprises multiple temperature control chambers that are sequentially communicated. Each temperature control chamber independently has a temperature control component, and the temperature in the multiple temperature control chambers can be set to sequentially decrease along the conveying direction of the gas phase product. The nanoparticle preparation device is provided with a temperature control mechanism to gradually regulate the temperature of the gas phase product formed by the gasification mechanism. The temperature control mechanism is provided with multiple temperature control chambers with multiple levels of gradient temperature control. The process of raw material molecular diffusion, nucleation and crystal growth can be regulated, and nanoparticles with good sphericity can be obtained. The control accuracy of the size and morphology of the nanoparticles is improved.

The application discloses a kind of multi-point position cold conduction with high-precision copper soft connection and its processing mode, copper soft connection includes flexible layer, flexible layer includes multiple layers stacked dependence, copper foil is connected by welding, flexible layer is divided into square matrix arrangement, four piece areas are connected in central region, and the upper and lower surfaces of central region are welded with first copper block by high molecular diffusion, first copper block constitutes cold source contact area, the upper and lower surfaces of the edge position of two adjacent edges of four piece areas are welded with second copper block by high molecular diffusion, second copper block constitutes cold installation area, the upper and lower surfaces of each piece area corresponding to the four corners of the flexible layer are welded with third copper block by high molecular diffusion, third copper block constitutes the fixed installation area of copper soft connection;The processing mode of copper soft connection uses the upper and lower cover plates with two depth grooves to prevent copper foil from thermal deformation by using pad layer.The product structure of the application is compact, high precision, effectively avoids the irregularity and thermal deformation phenomenon of the flexible part of product.