388 results about "Adsorption equilibrium" patented technology

The invention relates to a method and device for determining radon gas separation in the load coal fracture process. The method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a coal sample into a test piece, installing the test piece between an upper pressure head and a lower pressure head of a three-axis compressor, and arranging a heat shrink tube outside the test piece in a sleeving manner; (2) vacuumizing a sample chamber formed by the upper pressure head, the lower pressure head and the heat shrink tube in an enclosing manner, then continuously introducing carrier gas into the sample chamber; (3) after the coal sample test piece absorbs the carrier gas in a balanced manner, applying a confining pressure and an axial pressure to the test piece, starting the recording of an acoustic emission signal in the determining process; (4) opening an air outlet duct of the sample chamber, collecting gas released from the sample chamber, determining the content of radon in the gas; (5) closing the gas outlet duct of the sample chamber to ensure that the coal sample test piece absorbs the carrier gas again in the balanced manner, increasing the axial pressure; and (6) repeating the steps (4) and (5) until the test piece is damaged, and stopping the recording of the acoustic emission signal.

The invention discloses a permeability testing experimental method of a reservoir core before and after hydraulic fracturing under the triaxial stress condition, successively comprising the following steps: (1) preparation of a test piece; (2) installation of the test piece; (3) installation; (4) temperature control and vacuum-pumping; (5) air inflation and adsorption equilibrium; (6) measurement of original permeability; (7) hydraulic fracturing of the test piece; (8) measurement of permeability after fracturing; and (9) adjustment of experimental conditions according to the formulated experimental scheme. The method provided by the invention can be adopted to carry out in situ accurate measurement of permeability of a reservoir permeable medium before and after hydraulic fracturing under the triaxial stress condition without pressure relief of the test piece. Thus, accuracy of the experiment is raised.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a graphene-based novel nano magnetic biological adsorbent and particularly relates to modifying the surface of graphene with magnetic cyclodextrin chitosan through a surface grafting technology and a crosslinking method. The novel method is characterized in that the functional graphene is taken as a carrier; and the magnetic cyclodextrin chitosan is obtained through an emulsion crosslinking method, and then is bonded to the surface of the functional graphene to obtain the novel nano magnetic biological adsorbent. Through the preparation method, the mechanical property of the adsorbent is improved, the specific surface area of the adsorbent is greatly enlarged, and the binding and enveloping sites between ions or molecules and the magnetic cyclodextrin chitosan are increased. The nano magnetic adsorption material prepared by the invention has the advantages of controllable surface structure, good stability, strong mechanical property, high adsorptive capacity, quickness in adsorption equilibrium, easiness in separation, high reutilization rate and the like, can be used for separation and enrichment of heavy metals and organic pollutants in waste water and has excellent application potentialities.

The invention discloses a metal element improved biochar-based nitrate radical adsorbent and a preparation method thereof. Straws are used as raw materials, and metal ions are impregnated, pyrolyzed and washed under certain conditions, so a metal ion improved cbiochar is prepared. According to the metal element improved biochar-based nitrate radical adsorbent and the preparation method thereof disclosed by the invention, by using adsorption research on nitrate radical waste water and comparing the adsorption effect of the biochar before and after improvement, the improved biochar prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention has good adsorption effect for potassium nitrate, wherein Mg<2+> improved wheat straw biochar has optimal adsorption effect for nitrate nitrogen; compared with the unmodified biochar, the Mg<2+> improved biochar prepared under the optimizing conditions has the advantages that the adsorption performance is improved by 10 times, and the adsorption equilibrium can be realized in a shorter time. The modified biochar adsorbent is a green adsorbent with application potential and can be used for effectively removing the nitrate nitrogen in a water body; besides, the effects of fixing carbon, reducing discharge and relieving the non-point source pollution are achieved.

The invention relates to a preparation method for a novel magnetic chitosan composite microsphere antibiotic adsorbent, belonging to the technical field of preparing environment materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: by taking FeCl3.6H2O, FeCl2.4H2O and halloysite nanotubes HNTs as raw materials, preparing Fe3O4/HNTs compound through co-precipitation, then by taking glutaraldehyde as a crosslinking agent and Fe3O4/HNTs compound and chitosan as raw materials, synthesizing the magnetic chitosan composite microsphere adsorbent by adopting an emulsification crosslinking method, and separating tetracycline (TC) in water environment. The static adsorption experiments are used for researching the adsorption balance and dynamics performance of the prepared adsorbent. Results show that the obtained novel magnetic chitosan composite microsphere antibiotic adsorbent has fast adsorption dynamics property, high adsorption capacity and high magnetic separation capability.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a modified microwave activated carbon sorbent. The method is characterized in that microwave activated carbon is taken as the carrier, loading alkaline metal ions K are taken as active components for modification, and the modified microwave activated carbon sorbent is prepared through adoption of ultrasonic wave equivalent impregnation. The method provided by the invention is simple, easy to operate and low in cost; and the sorbent prepared through the method has a good sorption effect, and more adsorption equilibrium selection factors of CO2/CO4 can be obtained.

The invention provides a coal/shale isothermal adsorption experiment method. The method is carried out by a reference kettle, a sample kettle and a middle region of an experiment device; a sample to be detected is placed in the sample kettle and an experiment temperature is set to be constant according to actual stratum conditions; the sample kettle is calibrated to obtain a free space volume of the sample kettle; the reference kettle and the sample kettle are vacuumized to obtain the initial pressure of the sample kettle; the middle region is communicated with the reference kettle and the middle region is separated from the sample kettle; enough amount of adsorbate gas is injected into the reference kettle one time; after the pressure in the middle region is balanced with the pressure in the reference kettle, the initial pressure of the reference kettle is obtained; an adsorption experiment is carried out to obtain the pressure of the reference kettle and the pressure of the sample kettle after adsorption is balanced; according to a mass conservation principle before and after each time of adsorption, the adsorption amounts under different sample kettle pressures after a plurality of times of adsorption balance are obtained by using the initial pressure of the sample kettle, the initial pressure of the reference kettle, the free space volume of the sample kettle and the pressure of the reference kettle and the pressure of the sample kettle in an adsorption process.

The invention discloses a graphene/ polyvinyl alcohol nanofibers membrane adsorbent, a preparation method and an appliance, which comprise steps: (1) graphene oxide is added into deionized water, and obtains graphene oxide solution which is uniformly dispersed in ultrasound for 0.5-4h; (2) polyving akohol is added into the deionized water, the graphene oxide solution is heated to 40-100 DEGC to dissolve, and is cooled to the room temperature, thereby obtaining a polyving akohol solution; (3) the graphene oxide solution and the polyving akohol solution are mixed and stirred to obtain a spinning solution; (4) the spinning solution is electrostatically spun to obtain graphene oxide and polyvinyl alcohol nanofibers membranes; and (5) the graphene oxide and polyvinyl alcohol nanofibers membranes are frozen and dried to obtain graphene/ polyvinyl alcohol nanofibers membrane adsorbent. A prepared nanofibers membrane has large specific surface area and high porosity, can increase contact area with heavy metal ions, improves adsorption capacity, reduces adsorption equilibrium time, and can effectively adsorb the heavy metal ions in waste water.

The invention relates to a method for synthesizing surface molecular engram materials, in particular to a method for preparing phenol molecular engram polymers on the surface of silica gel, which solves the problems in the prior surface molecular engram polymers of low molecular weight of functional macromolecules, low content of functional groups, low grafting percent of engram materials and so on. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, the silica gel is activated, reacts with a coupling agent, and reacts with a polymine aqueous solution; secondly, the surface of the silica gel is chemically grafted with polymine to prepare a grafting material PEI/SiO2; thirdly, the grafting material PEI/SiO2 which absorbs template molecules to be balanced is added into an ethanol aqueous solution of a crosslinking agent for reaction; and fourthly, reacted materials are repeatedly washed by a hydrochloric acid for removal of the template molecules, washed by distilled water to neutralization, and subjected to vacuum drying. The preparation process is simple, and the silica gel surface engram materials prepared have high absorption capacity and superior absorption selectivity on the template molecules, have actuating locus inside silica gel surface polymer films, have small diffusion resistance and quick mass transfer speed, and are easy to achieve absorption equilibrium.

The invention provides a test research method for a gas-containing coal infiltration law under conditions of vibration and unloading. The method is implemented by test devices such as a triaxial pressure chamber, a loading device, a data measurement and acquisition device and a gas injection device. The test devices also comprise a disturbance device. The disturbance device comprises a disturbance rod. The disturbance rod is connected to a vibration exciter. The research method comprises processing a coal rock specimen so that a height-diameter ratio is 2: 1, pasting a stress-strain sensor to the surface of the coal rock specimen, sleeving the coal rock specimen with a heat shrinkable tube, putting the coal rock specimen into the triaxial pressure chamber, starting the gas injection device, filling the triaxial pressure chamber with gas until the coal rock specimen forms adsorption balance so that real on-site occurrence cases of the coal rock specimen is simulated, applying axial load, radial load and axial disturbance to the coal rock specimen according to preset parameters until the specimen is damaged, monitoring stress and strain values and a gas flow in the process to acquire a gas-containing coal infiltration law under different vibration and unloading conditions.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a magnetic polymer heavy metal ion adsorbent. An improved chemical co-precipitation method is used for preparing magnetic nano particles, surface modification is conducted on the magnetic nano particles with gamma-choropropyltrimethoxysilane and polyethyleneimine to obtain polyethyleneimine modified magnetic nano particles, and finally, the polyethyleneimine modified magnetic nano particles and functional monomers are subjected to copolymerization to prepare the magnetic polymer heavy metal ion adsorbent with a multi-level cross-linking structure and multiple adsorption groups; the saturation magnetization is 3.5-15.5 emu/g, remanent flux density and coercive field strength both approach to zero, the paramagnetism and the magnetic responsiveness are provided, for a heavy metal ion aqueous solution with an initial concentration of 100-1000 mg/L, the heavy metal ion adsorption capacity reaches 35-450 mg/g, adsorption equilibrium can be reached in 50-100 min, the heavy metal ion adsorption capacity after 5-time recycling is more than 85% of the first adsorption capacity, and the method can be widely applied in heavy metal ion adsorption and separation, pollution abatement of heavy metal ions and the like.

The invention provides a preparation method and application of a lithium-ion-imprinted polyethersulfone composite membrane, belonging to the technical field of preparation of functional materials. The lithium-ion-imprinted polyethersulfone composite membrane is prepared with a polyethersulfone membrane as a substrate membrane material, lithium ions as a template, 12-crown-4-ether as a binding site, methacrylic acid as a functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a cross-linking agent and azodiisobutyronitrile as an initiator by using a combination of dopamine surface modification technology, silica nanometer compounding technology and imprinted polymerization technology. Static adsorption experiments are conducted to research the adsorption equilibrium, kinetic performance and selective recognition performance of the prepared lithium-ion-imprinted polyethersulfone composite membrane; and selective permeation experiments are carried out to research the permeation action of the prepared lithium-ion-imprinted polyethersulfone composite membrane on target ions (lithium ions) and non-target ions (sodium ions and potassium ions). The lithium-ion-imprinted polyethersulfone composite membrane prepared in the invention has high specific lithium ion adsorption capability and lithium ion recognition and separation capability.

In a range of a wind velocity of 0.5 to 3.5 (m/s) in a refrigeration cycle, when combining absorbent having a small dependency on the wind velocity and the refrigeration cycle, it is not possible to vary dehumidification capability by changing the wind velocity and matching with an actual load is poor. In a refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus having a refrigerator 20 in which refrigerant is put, and having a compressor 20a for compressing the refrigerant, a condenser 20b, and a throttle device 20c, and an evaporator 20d, and a desiccant rotor 1, which is water adsorption means, an adsorbent is supported with the desiccant rotor 1, whose time constant at a water adsorption equilibrium becomes small as a wind velocity increases in the range of the wind velocity of 0.5 to 3.5 m/s, the condenser 20b is disposed upwind of the desiccant rotor 1, and the evaporator 20d is disposed downwind of the desiccant rotor 1.

The invention discloses a multicomponent gas adsorption simulation experiment method and a multicomponent gas adsorption simulation experiment device. The device includes a quantitative gas-charging system, an isothermal adsorption and desorption system, a vacuumizing device and a gas concentration analysis system. The method comprises the steps: firstly, carrying out high pressure gas injection experiments, injecting non methane gas by using high pressure to be mixed with methane, recording the adsorption equilibrium state of a coal body to the mixed gas, followed by, carrying out an isobaric diffusion experiment, and mixing the gas by using diffusion caused by concentration difference. Through qualitative and quantitative comparative analysis of two groups of experiments, the pressure effect can be separated from the comprehensive effects, and then a mechanism of action of the non methane gas on the methane in coal is studied. A complete set of experimental research system is developed, some technical problems under the isobaric diffusion experimental conditions are solved, diffusion problems of long diffusion path and small channels are solved, and the method and the device have important significance on studying adsorption characteristics of the gas in the coal.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a cellulose-based macroporous gel compound Cu2O visible-light-driven photocatalyst. The method comprises the following steps: dissolving cellulose into a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and urea, adding ammonium persulfate for initiation at ordinary temperature after obtaining a transparent cellulose solution, sequentially adding a cross-linking agent of N, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide, acrylic acid and an acrylamide monomer, polymerizing at low temperature, and freeze drying after water washing and extrusion pelletization to obtain cellulose-based macroporous gel; immersing into a copper-bearing water solution until adsorption equilibrium, adding a glucose solution after adding a sodium hydroxide water solution, filtering and taking out solid after water bath reaction, freeze drying after water washing to obtain the cellulose-based macroporous gel compound Cu2O visible-light-driven photocatalyst. The method is simple and stable in property, has high efficiency in removing dye and other organic pollutants, can be reused, and can be applied to treatment of waste water containing organic pollutants in the field of papermaking, dye printing, printing and the like.

The invention discloses magnetic polymerization ionic liquid for detecting microcystic toxins and a preparation method and an application of the magnetic polymerization ionic liquid. The magnetic polymerization ionic liquid is a granular particle which is formed by a carrier, functional monomer and cross-linking agents in a polymerization manner under the effect of initiating agents; the functional monomer is 1-vinyl-3-ethylimidazole hexafluorophosphate; and the cross-linking agents are 1, 4-butane-3, 3'-bis-1- ethylimidazole hexafluorophosphate. The magnetic polymerization ionic liquid which is prepared in the polymerization manner by using the 1-vinyl-3-ethylimidazole hexafluorophosphate as the functional monomer and using the 1, 4-butane-3, 3'-bis-1- ethylimidazole hexafluorophosphate as the cross-linking agents can quickly reach an adsorption equilibrium state on MC-RR and MC-LR, and has high adsorption capacity and high selective adsorption capability, and the maximum adsorbing capacities of the MC-RR and the MC-LR are 10.32 micro mol/g and 10.88 micro mol/g respectively.

The invention relates to a preparation method of an arteannuin molecularly imprinted composite membrane, belonging to the technical field of environmental material preparation. The method comprises the following steps: by using a regenerated cellulose membrane as a substrate, the arteannuin as a template molecule, acrylamide (AM) as a functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethyl acrylate (EGDMA) as a crosslinking agent, cuprous bromide and N,N',N'',N''-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine constitute a catalytic system, and an atom transfer free-radical polymerization process is utilized to prepare the arteannuin molecularly imprinted composite membrane. A static adsorption experiment is used for researching the adsorption equilibrium, dynamics and selective recognition performance of the imprinted membrane; and the result proves that the arteannuin imprinted membrane has fast adsorption dynamical properties and excellent arteannuin molecule recognition performance.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a bionic temperature-sensitive molecular engram composite film and belongs to the technical field of preparation of environmental materials. The preparation method particularly is a method for preparing the bionic temperature-sensitive molecular engram composite film by taking a porous aluminum oxide ceramic film as a substrate, artemisinin as a template molecule, acrylamide (AM) as a functional monomer, N-isopropyl acrylamide as a temperature-sensitive monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a crosslinking agent, combining a dopamine biological bionic principle and combining dopamine self-assembly interfacial polymerization and atomic transfer free radical polymerization. By combining a static adsorption experiment with selective separation infiltration experiment, the adsorption equilibrium, dynamics performance and selective recognition separation performance of a prepared engram film are researched. Results show that the artemisinin engram film obtained by using the preparation method disclosed by the invention has relatively high adsorptivity, superior artemisinin molecular recognition permeability, and excellent environmental response type (temperature-sensitive switch) selective separation performance.

The invention discloses a method and a device for measuring adsorption capacities of materials. The materials to be measured are processed into cylindrical test samples, the cylindrical test samples are further wrapped with sealing materials and then placed into gas injection measuring units, a gas container and a pressure chamber connected with the gas container through a pipeline are arranged in each gas injection measuring unit, and hydraulic oil is fully injected into each pressure chamber, wherein the device can adopt the plural gas injection measuring units connected in parallel; and the measuring method is as follows: simple calculation is performed through a gas state equation by measuring dead volumes of the gas containers and the pressure chambers in all the gas injection measuring units, as well as gas pressure values before and after gas adsorption so as to get the adsorption capacities of all the test samples against single-component gas, and if the adsorption capacities of the test samples against multi-component mixed gas need to be measured, the contents of all components in the mixed gas after adsorption balance is determined need to be got according to the gas state equation. According to the method and the device, disclosed by the invention, the measurement of the adsorption capacities of a plurality of test samples can be realized once, the measurement of the adsorption capacities against the multi-component mixed gas can be simultaneously performed, and the operation is convenient and fast.

The invention discloses a device and a method for preparing a water-containing coal sample and testing adsorption. The device mainly consists of a sample room, a reference room, a control valve, a pressure transmitter, an air injection pump, a data collection card, a collection terminal, a filter and a thermostatic water bath. According to the device and the method for preparing the water-containing coal sample and testing the adsorption, the preparation of the water-containing coal sample can be realized by stimulating a coal bed ground water pressure-bearing environment, and the air adsorbing capacity testing can be carried out, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: carrying out vacuumizing on a system, injecting ground water sample by vacuum suction of the system, ensuring that the coal sample is submerged in the ground water, injecting helium into the system by the air injection pump, and enabling a pore water pressure of the coal sample to reach a ground water pressure; converging superfluous water of the coal sample to the bottom of the sample room under the effect of gravity, and discharging the superfluous water under the effect of an air pressure to finish the preparation of the coal sample; and after carrying out vacuumizing on the system, injecting adsorbed air into the reference room by the air injection pump, controlling classification and injecting the air into the sample room through the valve, after the adsorption is balanced, counting the adsorbing capacity. According to the device and the method for preparing the water-containing coal sample and the testing adsorption, the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, and the application prospect is wide.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a microzyme magnetic blotting composite microsphere adsorbent, and belongs to the technical field of environmentally-friendly functional material preparation. The method comprises the following steps: preparing ferriferrous oxide nanoparticles through a coprecipitation process, carrying out hydrophobic modification on the surface of the nanoparticles, preparing a stable Pickering emulsion with an oleic acid modified microzyme aqueous solution as a water phase, cyhalothrin as a template molecule, methacrylic acid and 4-vinylpyridine as functional monomers, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a cross-linking agent, dimethyl 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionate) as an initiator and hydrophobic Fe3O4 as an oil phase, and carrying out thermal-initiated polymerization to prepare the microzyme magnetic blotting composite microsphere adsorbent. Blotting microspheres obtained in the invention have a good magnetic stability, and the adsorption balance, the dynamics and the selection identification performance of the adsorbent are researched through static state adsorption experiments. Results show that the blotting adsorbent prepared in the invention has a good adsorption capacity, fast adsorption kinetics, and has a selection identification performance on LC.

The invention relates to application of a porous magnesium alloy as a carrier in medicine. Drugs can be carried onto the porous magnesium alloy to be used as a blood vessel stent, bone repair or bone propping material. The porous magnesium alloy is prepared by direct foaming, corrosion pore forming, laser drilling, powder metallurgy, quick forming, co-permeation vibration, 3D printing and the like. Laser cladding, microarc oxidation, anode oxidation, osmosis, embedding, solvent evaporation drying, melting, adsorption equilibrium and the like are performed to carry drugs into the porous magnesium alloy surface or the inside of the porous structure, thereby performing the functions of increasing the surface activity, promoting the bone cell growth and differentiation, preventing infection, implementing specific drug delivery and partial drug delivery and the like. The preparation method is simple to operate and easy to implement, and has the advantages of controllable structure, convenient drug carrying, firm drug combination, low cost and the like.

The invention discloses a method for removing sulfamethoxazole in water bodies with crop straw charcoal through adsorption. The method is characterized by comprising a step of putting crop straw charcoal into water bodies containing sulfamethoxazole as an adsorbent to adsorb and remove sulfamethoxazole in the water bodies, wherein the adsorption temperature is 20-30 DEG C; the adsorption time is 72-75 hours; the pH value of solution after adsorption equilibrium is 5.8-6.0; the initial concentration of sulfamethoxazole in the water bodies is 1.5-57mg/L; the mass ratio of the crop straw charcoal to the water bodies containing sulfamethoxazole is 1:(2000-4000). Under the condition of room temperature, after adsorption for 3 days, the crop straw charcoal shows a high antibiotics adsorption removal rate. Besides, the method has the beneficial effects that the materials are simple to prepare; the method is convenient to operate; the cost is low; the raw materials are accessible; medicine pollution is effectively eliminated; the current technical gaps are filled in.

The invention relates to a lithium-ion imprinted polymer and a preparation method thereof, and particularly provides a method for preparing an imprinted polymer which has high selective adsorption performance on lithium ions and prepared by performing grafting modification on orange peel cellulose serving as a substrate. The preparation method comprises the following steps: performing pre-treatment on the orange peel cellulose to obtain alkalified and alcoholized orange peel cellulose; performing alkylation and grafting reaction to obtain modified orange peel cellulose with a high-activity adsorption site; then, adding the modified orange peel cellulose into the aqueous solution of lithium ions; after adsorption equilibrium, adding a cross-linking agent for cross-linking and enclosing the adsorption site and the lithium ions to form a semi-closed space; finally, eluting the lithium ions by using a reclaiming agent to obtain the lithium-ion imprinted polymer with the high selective adsorption performance. The lithium-ion imprinted polymer has the advantages of low cost, stable performance, high selective adsorption performance on the lithium ions and the like, and is expected to be widely applied to the field of salt lake chemical industry, new energy and environmental protection to realize high-efficiency enrichment and extraction of the lithium ions.