217 results about "Competitive adsorption" patented technology

The invention discloses reformate hydrogenation catalyst and the production method thereof. The invention is characterized in that the catalyst consists of a main active component, auxiliary agent, and carriers, the structural formula is Pd-Ma (Mb)/carriers; the main active component is a double noble metal component Pd, and the content is 0.01 to 0.5 wt percent; Ma is one of Au, Ag, Pt, Rh, and Ir, and the content is 0.01 to 0.5 wt percent; Mb is one of Sn, Pb, Sb, and Bi, and the content is 0.2 to 1.0 wt percent; the rest are carriers; inorganic acid or organic acid is taken as competitive adsorption auxiliary agent to achieve that the active component presents the distribution of an eggshell-shaped shallow layer, the active metal and the auxiliary agent are loaded by a distribution impregnation method or a co-impregnation method, and then the hydrogenation catalyst is produced through drying and roasting.

The invention provides a testing device for competitive adsorption of supercritical CO2 and CH4 in shale and a testing method of the device. The device comprises an injection pump system, a long core holder, a back-pressure valve, a differential pressure gauge, a temperature control system, a liquid fraction collector, a gas meter and a gas chromatograph instrument. The testing method comprises an evaluation method of CH4 single component gas in a shale core and an evaluation method of CH4 gas, converted by the supercritical CO2, in the shale core. According to the device and method, the detection conditions of a laboratory test that the supercritical CO2 displaces CH4 adsorbed in the shale under the high temperature and high pressure conditions of a stratum are met through a multifunctional long core displacement method, and then the purpose of evaluating the efficiency that the supercritical CO2 displaces the adsorbed CH4 is achieved; by using the combined long core, the gas injection volume is large, the errors are decreased, and the formation condition is truly restored; the cracked long core can simulate the competitive adsorption process of the fractured supercritical CO2 and the CH4 under the true shale reservoir condition; the injected CO2 is in the supercritical state, and an experiment is performed in a step-by-step depressurizing mode, and the depletion exploitation process of a stratum can be truly simulated.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an amphoteric clay inhibitor with low relative molecular mass. The amphoteric clay inhibitor with the low relative molecular mass is synthesized through copolymerization of unsaturated carboxylic acid or anhydride, unsaturated sulfonic acid or sulfonate and cationic monomer and is compounded with a polycarboxylate superplasticizer for use, so that consumption of the superplasticizer by clay can be reduced, and the mud resistance performance of the superplasticizer is improved. The clay inhibitor is amphoteric linear polymer with the low relative molecular mass, has low relative molecular mass, is fast in diffusion, has high adsorption performance on the clay surface and has an advantage of competitive adsorption with the polycarboxylate superplasticizer, so that consumption of the superplasticizer by the clay is reduced, and an adverse effect caused by the clay on the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is effectively relieved; used production equipment is simple and easy to operate, adopts a reasonable process, and facilitates industrial production.

The invention belongs to the technical field of adsorption resin and particularly relates to lignin graft copolymerization compound adsorption resin and a preparation method thereof. The compound adsorption resin is formed by acrylic amide, maleic anhydride, sodium lignin sulfonate, chitosan, potassium peroxodisulfate and N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide. According to the method, a graft copolymerization short chain is introduced on a lignin molecular chain so that the structure of lignin is more regular and the molecular weight of the lignin is more greatly improved. The compound adsorption resin has a certain water adsorption performance and mainly aims at a multi-element mixed metal ion solution system to improve the adsorption amount of metal ions and the competitive adsorption selection of the metal ions.

The invention discloses a high-pressure liquid nitrogen cyclic cracking and gasification displacement experimental device for a coal-rock sample. The device comprises a liquid nitrogen tank, a confining pressure loading system and an axial compression loading system; the confining pressure loading system and the axial compression loading system are cross-connected; a high-pressure reaction kettleis mounted at a central position of an area surrounded by the confining pressure loading system and the axial compression loading system; the liquid nitrogen tank is connected with a liquid nitrogen pulse boosting pump through a pipeline; and an ultra-low temperature resistant flowmeter is mounted on the pipeline between the liquid nitrogen tank and the liquid nitrogen pulse boosting pump. According to the high-pressure liquid nitrogen cyclic cracking and gasification displacement experimental device for the coal-rock sample, through different liquid nitrogen injection methods, the microscopicstructure characteristics of a coal body are changed, the evolution of coal body fissures is promoted, the permeability of the coal body is increased, and through the gasification of high-pressure nitrogen, the partial pressure of the coal body is changed, and the competitive adsorption relationship between the nitrogen and gas is promoted, so that the gas in the coal body is desorbed from the coal body with a nitrogen gas flow.

The invention discloses a device for measuring the competitive adsorption quantity of carbon dioxide and alkane in shale. The device is characterized in that a reaction container cover is arranged at the upper end of a reaction container; a piston is arranged in the reaction container; the reaction container cover is communicated with a second three-way joint; the second three-way joint is connected with a first three-way joint; the second three-way joint is connected with a third three-way joint; the third three-way joint is connected with a first storage tank; the third three-way joint is connected with a second storage tank; electronic scales are arranged below the second storage tank and the first storage tank; the lower end of the reaction container is connected with a four-way joint; the four-way joint is connected with a pressure sensor; the four-way joint is connected with a metering pump; a first three-way valve is connected with a vacuum pump; and the first three-way valve is connected with an oil gas separator and a gas meter sequentially. The device has the advantages that whether adsorption is balanced or not is rapidly judged through pressure change, the problem that a shale core is difficult to take is solvd, experimental operation is simple and rapid, and the device has important guiding significance in applying CO2 to develop a shale oil reservoir.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a magnetic chitosan adsorbent through Fe3O4/chitosan coprecipitation. The method specifically comprises the following steps: sufficiently dissolving chitosan in a FeCl3.6H2O solution, and then adding a certain amount of FeCl2.4H2O powder; after being completely dissolved, dropwisely adding an ethanol and ammonia water mixed solution, precipitating, performing magnetic separation, and drying; and grinding the obtained product, dispersing into an ethanol and glutaric dialdehyde mixed solution, crosslinking, performing further magnetic separation, and drying to obtain the magnetic chitosan adsorbent powder. The method is simple in preparation process, ammonia water/ethanol is used as precipitant to realize synchronous generation of Fe3O4/chitosan, and magnetic property of Fe3O4 and adsorption sites of exposed chitosan are fully utilized. The prepared Fe3O4/chitosan has excellent adsorptive property for toxic Cr(VI) heavy metal pollutants and can be easily separated, and the Fe3O4/chitosan can also be regenerated and recycled after Cr(VI) desorption; and the Fe3O4/chitosan has favorable competitive adsorption selectivity for Cr(VI) in a Cr(VI)/Mg(II)/Zn(II)/Ni(II)/Cd(II)/Cu(II) mixed solution.

The invention relates to an in-situ quick restoration method for a cadmium-polluted paddy field. A complexing agent aqueous solution is sprayed into water in the cadmium-polluted paddy field; the rotary-tillage mixing is carried out; cadmium ions are dissolved out in the water in the paddy field in an in-situ complexing manner from polluted soil; chelate functional non-woven fabric with a stronger chelation action is quickly put into the paddy field and is constantly moved so that the chelate functional non-woven fabric is enabled to carry out competitive adsorption sufficiently; heavy-metal cadmium is transferred onto the non-woven fabric from a liquid-phase aqueous solution; afterwards, the non-woven fabric is taken out; a complexing agent is released and regenerated at the same time. The complexing agent which is environment-friendly and high-efficiency and is further economical and practical is selected and used for the in-situ quick restoration method for the cadmium-polluted paddy field, and cannot cause secondary pollution after being used. By using the in-situ quick restoration method for the cadmium-polluted paddy field, the heavy-metal cadmium in soil can be thoroughly removed, and the in-situ quick restoration method for the cadmium-polluted paddy field has the characteristics of simpleness in operation, low cost, high restoration effect, short restoration period and the like when being applied to the cadmium-polluted paddy field. The paddy field which is treated for one day by applying a technique provided by the invention can be carried out with agricultural planting. The invention provides an energy-saving, quick and environment-friendly in-situ restoration method for the soil in the paddy field which is polluted by the heavy-metal cadmium.

The invention discloses a magnetic molecular imprinting bionic ELISA (enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay) detecting method. The magnetic molecular imprinting bionic ELISA detecting method includes steps of preparing magnetic molecular imprinted polymer and setting up a direct-competition ELISA method. By the detecting method, uniform-particle MG-MMIPs (malachite green-magnetic molecular imprinted polymers) are prepared by an emulsion polymerization method, adsorption performance is investigated, the MG-MMIPs is used as bionic antibody, and the directly-competitive ELISA detecting method is established by means of competitive adsorption to MG antigen and enzyme labeling MG antigen. Under the optimum reaction conditions, the standard curve sensitivity is 20.14 ugL-1, and the minimum detection limit is 0.12 ugL-1 and is lower than detection limit of 2 ppb (ng/g) of a MG rapid-detection card. Meanwhile, the method has high selectivity for MG, and cross reaction rates for two structural analogues (methyl violet and brilliant green) of the MG are 7.4% and 3.9% respectively.

The invention relates to an anti-sulfate competitive adsorption type silane modified polycarboxylate water reducing agent and a preparation method thereof; the water reducing agent has the structural formula represented by the formula defined in the specification, wherein a, b and c are each an integer of 1-99, and n is an integer of 30-50. The water reducing agent is prepared by the following method: (1) weighing isobutylene alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and water, and mixing and dissolving; (2) then adding ammonium persulphate, hydrogen peroxide and gamma-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, and mixing evenly; (3) heating the reaction system obtained in the step (2), and at the same time, respectively dropping the pre-dissolved acrylic acid, L-ascorbic acid and a chain transfer agent to the reaction system; and (4) after the completion of dropping, fully stirring the reaction system to cure, then adding a neutralization alkali, neutralizing to the pH of 6-7, and thus obtaining the target product. Compared with the prior art, the water reducing agent has the advantages of strong adsorption action with a cement-based material, good anti-sulfate competitive adsorption effect, good compatibility with cement, simple preparation process and the like.

The invention discloses a compound type nano-structure Raman-enhanced substrate, a preparation method and application. The preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out film formation of Au nano-particles and transferring to prepare an Au film-1,4-benzene dithioglycol-Au film sandwich structure by using 1,4-benzene dithioglycol as an internal standard substance, then evaporating a molybdenum trioxide layer with a thickness for isolating direct contact of inner layer metal and a detected molecule so as to prevent competitive adsorption between the internal standard molecule and the detected molecule, and thus obtaining the compound type nano-structure Raman-enhanced substrate. The compound type substrate prepared in the invention can obtain the characteristic spectrum signal of the internal standard molecule and the characteristic spectrum signal of the detected molecule at the same time, a relation between SERS relative signal strength and concentration logarithm of the detected molecule is established in a certain concentration range by using the relation strength relation between the characteristic peak of the internal standard molecule and the characteristic peak of the detected molecule, analytical means capable of expanding an SERS technology into quantitative determination is provided, and the compound type nano-structure Raman-enhanced substrate is significant in scientific research and practical application.

The invention discloses a mixed hydrogenation method for catalytic cracking gasoline and coking diesel oil. The method comprises: subjecting FCC (fluid catalytic cracking) gasoline to alkali-free deodorization, making the deodorized catalytic gasoline enter a prefractionator to be fractionated into light gasoline and heavy gasoline; mixing the heavy gasoline with coking diesel oil, then performing hydrodesulfurization, separating the desulfurization product to obtain hydrogenated heavy gasoline and treated coking diesel oil, and blending the hydrogenated heavy gasoline with the light gasoline to obtain a clean gasoline product. According to the method provided in the invention, when the coking diesel oil and the heavy gasoline are mixed for hydrogenation, the nitride brought in by the coking diesel oil undergoes competitive adsorption at a catalyst hydrogenation center and causes poisoning of the hydrogenation center, thus reducing olefin hydrogenation selectivity and decreasing the octane number loss of hydrogenation. On the other hand, when the mixed feed flows through a heat exchanger and heating furnace, the raw materials are in a gas-liquid mixed phase in the heating furnace and the heat exchanger, so that a coke material can be dissolved and taken away, coking can be avoided in the heat exchanger and the heating furnace, and the operation cycle of the equipment can be prolonged.

A method for predicting and calculating the production yield of shale gas well comprises the following steps: (1) collecting production data and corresponding methane carbon isotope data generated inthe production well of shale gas on the site; (2) establishing one-dimensional model of single-component gas flow in shale, and obtaining the flow equation of 12CH4 and 13CH4 in shale and the description equation of competitive adsorption of 12CH4 and 13CH4; (3) obtaining the variation characteristics of the instantaneous carbon isotope and the cumulative carbon isotope of methane in the production gas well according to the two equations in the step (2); (4) calculating a production decline curve according to the data obtained in the steps (1), (2) and (3). Compared with the traditional method, the method improves the accuracy of shale gas production decline parameters, and has wide adaptability in the development process of unconventional gas (shale gas, tight gas).

The invention relates to a method for representing the component and isotope fractionation effect in the natural gas adsorption and desorption process of shale and belongs to the technical field of instruments used for analyzing materials by aid of measuring physical properties of the materials. The problem that in the prior art, due to the fact that a large amount of gas is lost in the drilling and sampling process, the experiment result cannot completely reflect the desorption process of shale gas is solved. According to the method, a competitive adsorption experiment is carried out in the shale gas adsorption and desorption process under high temperature and high pressure conditions, qualitative analysis is conducted on component fractionation in the process, qualitative analysis is conducted on isotope fractionation, and meanwhile a Langmuir model and an adsorption model are adopted for conducting numerical simulation on the adsorption quantity and the isotope value. Thus, elaborate description of the competitive adsorption effect in the shale gas adsorption and desorption process is realized, and it is beneficial for guiding gas-driven exploitation of the shale gas. The method can be widely applied to mathematical simulation research, gas-driven exploitation of the shale gas and other occasions.

The invention discloses a cigarette filter stick formed by mixing tows and paper disorderly and a preparation and application method of the cigarette filter stick. The preparation method of the cigarette filter stick comprises the steps of disorderly mixing cellulose acetate tows fibers and filter stick paper into a forming machine synchronously, and preparing a brand new cigarette filter stick formed by one-time mixing. The filter stick contains the cellulose acetate tow fibers and the wood pulp fibers of paper, smoke passes through two kinds of fibers with different properties synchronously, which makes full use of different adsorption properties of the cellulose acetate tow fibers and the wood pulp fibers of paper, meanwhile the disordered distribution of two kinds of the fibers changes the flow of smoke to produce competitive adsorption, and the effect of tar and harm reduction of the filter stick is increased. According to the invention, the test shows that the filter stick has better effect of tar reduction than a common filter stick, and the cigarette flavor is not changed remarkably at the same time.

The invention provides a hydrophobic visible light response type nano TiO2 photocatalyst, wherein visible light is modified by utilizing CuO to load TiO2, and the loading amount of the CuO is between 0.4 and 14 g/g TiO2; sodium dodecylsulfate SDS is utilized to perform hydrophobic modification on the surface of CuO/TiO2, and the loading amount of the SDS is between 0.2 and 4 g/g TiO2; and the specific surface area of the catalyst is between 200 and 400 m2/g, and the average grain diameter is between 10 and 40 nanometers. The SDS is absorbed on the surface of the catalyst, and residual stable hydrophobic groups after calcination make the CuO/TiO2 have hydrophobicity, change the 'amphiphilic' property of the TiO2 photocatalyst into hydrophobic selectivity, and can make difficultly biodegraded organic substances in aqueous phase have the advantage of competitive adsorption and be preferably degraded. Simultaneously, the loaded CuO composition can make absorption edges of the TiO2 subjected to redshift, realize electronic cavity separation under visible light radiation, and improve the utilization rate of quanta.

The invention provides a method for extracting high-purity Alpha-ethyl linolenate from silkworm chrysalis oil, which realizes the separation of the high-purity Alpha-ethyl linolenate from mixed fatty acid by a complexing absorbing agent of metal ions and comprises the following steps: firstly, performing alcoholysis on the silkworm chrysalis oil under the help of ethanol ultrasonically to preparesilkworm chrysalis mixed ethyl fatty acid; secondly, passing the silkworm chrysalis mixed ethyl fatty acid through a pre-saturated complexing absorption column of metal ions of competitive absorbent,wherein saturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acid freely pass, and polyunsaturated fatty acid and silver ions form a Pi compound; and thirdly, changing elution solvent for eluting. The purity of the obtained Alpha-ethyl linolenate is 95-99 percent.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an inorganic core-shell type quercetin molecularly imprinted polymer microsphere. The method comprises: first subjecting a functional monomer, a crosslinking agent and a template molecule to self-assembly on a silica gel ball surface, then leaving a sol-gel reaction to occur so as to form an inorganic polymer film on the silica gel ball surface, and finally removing residual quercetin molecules from the product, thus obtaining a molecularly imprinted polymer of quercetin. Static adsorption curves, adsorption isotherms and competitive adsorption experiments show that the polymer has a fast selective adsorption ability on quercetin.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an amphoteric polycarboxylate clay inhibitor. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving unsaturated sulfonate monomer and methylpropenylacyloxy ethyldimethylamine in deionized water in a reactor, heating to a certain temperature while stirring, simultaneously adding an initiator and unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer, keeping the temperature to react, cooling to room temperature, carrying out quaternization with diol sulfate, and finally, neutralizing to obtain a light yellow viscous transparent liquid. The amphoteric polycarboxylate clay inhibitor can be compounded with a polycarboxylic acid water reducer as an additive for inhibiting negative influence of clay on the performance of the concrete polycarboxylate water reducer so as to reduce the water reducer consumption by the clay and enhance the sludge resistance of the water reducer. The amphoteric polycarboxylate clay inhibitor has small relative molecular mass and high dispersion speed, can be violently adsorbed on the clay surface, is free of chlorine ions, and has competitive adsorption advantages as compared with the polycarboxylic acid water reducer, thereby reducing the water reducer consumption by the clay and effectively relieving the adverse influence of the clay on the polycarboxylic acid water reducer.

The invention provides a modified nano material and application thereof in antimony-containing wastewater treatment, and belongs to the technical field of environmental protection. The modified nano material comprises nano zero-valent iron and a stabilizer; wherein the stabilizer is selected from one of starch and polyethylene glycol, and the stabilizer is modified with ethylenediaminetetraaceticacid or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and malic acid. The modified nano material can reduce competitive adsorption between OH<-> generated by hydrolysis of CO3<2-> and PO4<3-> in an aqueous solutionand Sb(OH)6<-> on the surface of an adsorbent, and improve the removal effect on Sb(V). The invention further provides a preparation method of the iron-based nano material, the method can increase the specific surface area of a loaded material, increase -COOH or -OH on the surface of the loaded material and increase adsorption sites of the loaded material on antimony, and the preparation method has the characteristics of greenness, environmental protection and cost reduction.

The invention provides a method for extracting iodine from kelp. The method comprises the following steps of kelp immersion, kelp immersion liquid purification, acidification oxidation conversion into dissociative iodine, adsorption by a resin, reduction desorption and iodine oxidation precipitation. Concretely, the method comprises the following steps of preparing an immersion liquid of kelp as a raw material, carrying out multistage reaction purification separation, adding calcium oxide or calcium hydrate into the immersion liquid subjected to purification separation for air floatation to remove water-soluble alginate and proteins which can react with calcium ions, adding an alkali into the immersion liquid treated by the previous step to remove alkaline insoluble substances such as fucoidin and water-insoluble impurities by air floatation separation under strong alkaline conditions, and adding an acid into the immersion liquid treated by the previous step to further remove acid-insoluble proteins by air floatation under acidic conditions. Through removal of the organic impurities, competitive adsorption of elemental iodine in resin adsorption is avoided and resin adsorption effects and an iodine yield are improved. Compared with the method for treating an immersion liquid only by a caustic soda solution, the method provided by the invention can effectively purify a kelp immersion liquid and improve an iodine yield.

The invention discloses a carbon dioxide absorbent for fruit and vegetable storage and transportation, and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of storage and transportation fresh-keeping of picked fruits and vegetables. The preparation method of the carbon dioxide absorbent comprises the following steps: introducing a specific type of organosilane to tetramethoxysilane which is a precuros step by step in order to synthesizes a hydrophobically-modified and amino area functionalized modified mesoporous silica support material, and loading organic amine on the pores and the surface of the support material to obtain the carbon dioxide absorbent. The absorbent which has strong hydrophobicity can significantly alleviate and eliminate the competitive adsorption of water vapor to carbon dioxide and the adverse effect on the adsorption stability in the high humidity environment of the fruit and vegetable storage and transportation, and the functional modification structure design of the amino area is used to highly disperse -NH2 in the outer layer of the material to realize easy contact with carbon dioxide in order to effectively improve the absorption capacity of carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide absorbent has the advantages of strong absorption ability, long acting period, high adsorption selectivity, good use safety, high efficiency, greenness, and meeting the actual production demands of fruits and vegetables.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a simultaneous desulfurization and denitration adsorbent of a molecular sieve/alumina core-shell structure. An adsorbent of the core-shell structure and a specific porous structure is prepared by using a molecular sieve as a core material by utilizing the characteristics of a porous channel of the molecular sieve and mesoporous aluminium oxide as ashell and by ultrasonically dispersing a certain amount of molecular sieve nanoparticles into a solution for preparing mesoporous aluminum oxide. By applying the adsorbent to a simultaneously desulfurization and denitrification technology by utilizing a special structure of the adsorbent and the size of the porous channel of core and shell materials, a result discovers that the adsorbent is capable of effectively weakening competitive adsorption of SO2 and NOx, and higher simultaneous desulfurization and denitration performance is obtained. The adsorbent of the core-shell structure, prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention, is simple in technology, stable in property, large in adsorption capacity, simple and convenient in application operation and good in economic benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit.