151 results about "Supersaturation" patented technology

The invention provides a cooling rate optimization control method and system for continuous cooling crystallization, and the method comprises the steps: collecting crystal slurry concentration data and temperature data of each stage of crystallization tank in real time; the crystal slurry concentration data, the temperature data and the feeding flow data are input into a deep learning model, and a prediction result is obtained; based on the prediction result and crystal mush concentration data, dynamically adjusting the cooling rate of each stage of crystallizing tank and the addition amount of a co-crystallizing solvent; and feeding back an outlet crystal mush concentration signal of the last-stage crystallizing tank to the solid-liquid separation unit, and adjusting the running rotating speed of the solid-liquid separation unit in a linkage manner. According to the cooling rate optimization control method and system for continuous cooling crystallization, prospective correction of the cooling rate is carried out by using the predicted supersaturation degree, and adjustment of the additive amount of the auxiliary crystallization solvent is carried out by using the predicted crystal particle size distribution; and finally, an outlet concentration signal of the last-stage crystallizing tank is fed back to the solid-liquid separation unit in real time to adjust the separation rotating speed in a linkage manner, so that the crystal particle size deviation is reduced, and the triazole crystallization recovery rate is improved.

The invention discloses a method, a system, a medium and equipment for predicting hydrogen in oxygen of an alkaline electrolysis system, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a total calculation formula for predicting hydrogen in oxygen of the alkaline electrolysis system based on the contribution of dissolved hydrogen which is not separated by a gas-liquid separator, gaseous hydrogen which is not separated by the gas-liquid separator, electrolytic bath saturation diffusion and electrolytic bath supersaturation diffusion mechanisms to hydrogen in oxygen of the system; according to experimental data of the alkaline electrolysis system under different alkaline liquid circulation flow working conditions, calibrating a to-be-fitted coefficient; according to experimental data of the alkaline electrolysis system under different system pressure working conditions, calibrating a to-be-fitted coefficient; according to experimental data of the alkaline electrolysis system under different working current working conditions, calibrating a to-be-fitted coefficient; according to experimental data of the alkaline electrolysis system under different temperature working conditions, a to-be-fitted coefficient sum is calibrated; and inputting temperature, pressure, alkali liquor circulation flow and current experiment data of the alkaline electrolysis system, and calculating hydrogen in oxygen of the alkaline electrolysis system so as to output system HTO under different operation conditions in real time.

The invention relates to the field of potassium chloride purification, and provides an analytically pure potassium chloride purification method, which comprises: S1, dissolving industrial grade potassium chloride, adding a refining agent to remove impurities, and filtering to obtain a supersaturated potassium chloride solution; s2, performing variable-speed cooling crystallization treatment on the supersaturated potassium chloride solution to obtain a potassium chloride crystal mixture; s3, performing crystal layer pretreatment on the potassium chloride crystal mixture to obtain a potassium chloride crystal layer; s4, carrying out gradient spraying washing treatment on the potassium chloride crystal layer to obtain a potassium chloride crystal wet material; s5, drying the potassium chloride crystal wet material to obtain analytically pure potassium chloride; the method is simple in process equipment and mild in operation condition, and analytically pure potassium chloride can be stably prepared under the condition of conventional equipment.

The invention belongs to the technical field of automatic control, and discloses a cyclopropylamine (R)-mandelate crystallization process feedback control method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring the concentration, solvent temperature, stirring speed and pH value of cyclopropylamine (R)-mandelate in a solvent in real time, and forming a state parameter set reflecting the real-time state of a cyclopropylamine (R)-mandelate crystallization system; based on the state parameter set, deriving a solute supersaturation degree change rate, a nucleation rate and a crystal growth rate by adopting an explicit kinetic relationship to obtain a kinetic feature set of the cyclopropylamine (R)-mandelate; collecting the grain size, the shape and the crystallization uniformity of the crystal, and constructing a corresponding crystal quality prediction function in combination with the kinetic feature set of the cyclopropylamine (R)-mandelate to obtain a predicted crystal quality index; comparing the actually detected crystal morphology index with the predicted crystal quality index, and calculating to obtain a deviation value; the crystal quality of the cyclopropylamine (R)-mandelate is improved.

This invention discloses a pretreatment method for detecting trace perfluorinated and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in complex matrix textiles, belonging to the field of materials analysis technology. The method involves placing the textile in an alkaline solvent containing an alkyl sulfonate displacing agent. Under heating conditions, the displacing agent utilizes its competitive adsorption mechanism to forcibly occupy matrix adsorption sites and displace the target analytes into the solvent. Subsequently, the temperature is rapidly lowered to the phase separation induction temperature, inducing supersaturation precipitation of the displacing agent, which then encapsulates impurities in situ and co-precipitates, forming a solid-liquid stratified system. Finally, the supernatant is collected for analysis. This invention utilizes the dual properties of the displacing agent—high-temperature solubilization and low-temperature phase change removal—to effectively break the strong adsorption equilibrium of aged textiles without using a solid-phase extraction column. This solves the contradiction between low extraction rate and significant matrix interference, significantly improving the recovery rate of PFAS. It offers advantages such as low cost, simple operation, and high accuracy.

A process for producing a polymorphic or pseudo-polymorphic crystalline phase from a plurality of compounds (C,D,S1,S2), comprising the steps of preparing (I) a supersaturated solution from said compounds, homogenizing (II) said supersaturated solution in an ultrasonic bath, transferring (III) the supersaturated solution into a plurality of heated tubes (54), aging (V) the solutions transferred into the tubes for a determined period, exposing said tubes (54) to a pulsed and polarized laser beam before and / or during exposure, monitoring in situ the nucleation and then the growth of co-crystals inside said tubes (54), and filtering the exposed solutions to recover co-crystals larger than a predetermined minimum size.This process is implemented to carry out co-crystallization from at least one active substance (D) and one co-former (C) in at least one first solvent (S1) and one second solvent (S2), and it further comprises two preliminary steps: establishing a phase diagram from the respective physicochemical characteristics of said active substance (D), said co-former (C), said first solvent (S1) and said second solvent (S2), and then determining, from said phase diagram thus established, concentration, temperature and exposure conditions providing a stable phase for the production of co-crystals. See Figure 4.

The application belongs to the technical field of inorganic fine chemical phosphate purification, and provides a high-purity trisodium phosphate and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a trisodium phosphate saturated crude slurry; (2) adjusting the quality of the slurry: after the trisodium phosphate saturated crude slurry is warmed, it is placed and kept warm; (3) purification: the temperature of the adjusted slurry is controlled and kept; then, anhydrous trisodium phosphate homologous slow-release seeds are added into the slurry; the system supersaturation is adjusted in two stages; the stirring is stopped to perform normal-pressure static crystal growth, and the purified slurry is obtained; and (4) post-treatment. The prepared high-purity trisodium phosphate has extremely low impurity contents of heavy metals and anion by-products, and has regular crystal morphology and strong crystal form stability, and is not prone to problems such as caking and hydrolysis during storage.

The invention belongs to the crossing field of fine chemical engineering, crystal engineering and continuous production technologies, and particularly relates to a process and a device for continuously preparing 1, 3-cyclohexanedione crystals. The method comprises the following steps: respectively introducing a pre-cooled 1, 3-cyclohexanedione monosodium salt aqueous solution and an acidifying agent into a static mixer through a metering pump for mixing, introducing the materials into an aging tank for aging, and carrying out solid-liquid separation on the aged materials to obtain 1, 3-cyclohexanedione crystals. The invention provides a process and a device for continuously preparing a 1, 3-cyclohexanedione crystal, the process and the device are a brand-new continuous acidification crystallization process and system based on a static mixer, and aims to fundamentally eliminate local supersaturation, realize accurate control of the crystal form and morphology of 1, 3-cyclohexanedione and produce a high-quality flaky crystal form product. And the continuity, the stabilization and the high efficiency of the production process are realized.

The invention relates to a calcium chloride injection and a production method thereof, and relates to the technical field of calcium chloride injection production, a solvent of the calcium chloride is water for injection, and the injection contains the following components: 80-120 g / L of calcium chloride; the concentration of the water for injection is 800-1200 g / L; hydrochloric acid is a proper amount of component for adjusting the pH value to 5.3-5.8; and the sodium hydroxide is a proper amount of component used for adjusting the pH value to 5.3-5.8. According to the calcium chloride injection and the production method thereof, the problems of solution turbidity, calcium ion precipitation, oxidative degradation and the like caused by insufficient dissolution and local supersaturation of calcium chloride in the prior art are effectively solved by accurately controlling the concentration of calcium chloride and adopting a nitrogen protection dissolution process. Meanwhile, a 0.22 mu m polyethersulfone two-stage filter element series connection filtering process, an integrity testing process with the foaming point larger than or equal to 3450 kPa and a sterilization and leak detection integrated process are adopted, the sterility guarantee level and stability of the product are remarkably improved, the endotoxin of the finished product is smaller than 0.5 EU / mL, the number of visible foreign matter larger than or equal to 10 mu m is reduced by larger than or equal to 60%, and the clinical safety and effectiveness of the injection are ensured.

The invention discloses a method for purifying metal impurities in cobaltous sulfate, a pure cobaltous sulfate product and application of the pure cobaltous sulfate product, and the purification method comprises the following steps: 1) evaporating a cobaltous sulfate aqueous solution to a supersaturated state, cooling and crystallizing, and heating; and 2) carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain crystals and mother liquor. By adopting the purification method disclosed by the invention, the content of each metal impurity in the cobaltous sulfate is reduced to be below 100ppb, and the use requirements of the electroplating liquid for cobalt interconnection of the integrated circuit are met.

The invention relates to a method for producing a polymorphic or pseudo-polymorphic crystalline phase from a plurality of compounds (C, D, S1, S2), the method comprising steps of preparing (I) a supersaturated solution from the compounds, homogenizing (II) the supersaturated solution in an ultrasonic bath, transferring (III) the supersaturated solution into a plurality of heated tubes (54), aging (V) the solutions transferred into the tubes for a predetermined period of time, exposing the tubes (54) to a polarized pulsed laser beam before and / or during exposure, followed in situ by nucleation and then growing cocrystals inside the tubes (54), and filtering the exposed solutions in order to recover cocrystals having a size greater than a predetermined minimum size. This method is carried out in order to obtain cocrystallization from at least one active substance (D) and a coformer (C) in at least a first solvent (S1) and a second solvent (S2).

A system and method for process water and oxide coating recovery and distribution in a direct reduction system, such as a system for producing direct reduced iron. A warm lime softener is used to remove (recover) calcium, alkalinity, and other constituents from the process water system and to produce an effluent that can be further processed and returned as makeup to the process water system. The lime softening process requires lime (or similar material) to be added to the influent, thereby increasing the calcium and pH levels until they become supersaturated and precipitate. This chemical process results in effluent that is low in calcium, alkalinity, and total suspended solids.

The application provides a method for preparing copper sulfate by using a nickel sulfate production device, and comprises the following steps: S1, raw material pretreatment; S2, leaching reaction; S3, solution purification; S4, evaporation and concentration; S5, crystallization; S6, filtration separation; and S7, drying. The application relies on the existing evaporation, precooling, filter pressing and crystallization equipment of the nickel sulfate, realizes the production of qualified copper sulfate without adding new core equipment through raw material adaptive treatment and process parameter adjustment, has the advantages of low cost, high adaptability, environmental protection and high efficiency, the purity of the product is greater than or equal to 20%, the equipment utilization rate is increased by more than 60%, and the method is suitable for joint production operation of non-ferrous metal smelting enterprises. In the crystallization step, the crystallizer is provided with a crystallization degree monitoring device, the cooling rate and the constant-temperature crystallization time can be adjusted in real time according to the supersaturation degree and other parameters of the solution, good conditions are provided for the growth of the copper sulfate crystals, the crystal particle size is uniform, the purity and quality of the product are improved, and the quality requirements of different customers for the copper sulfate product are met.

The invention belongs to the technical field of crystal growth, and particularly relates to a Cs3Cu2I5 single crystal growth method. The method specifically comprises the following steps: taking cesium iodide and cuprous iodide as precursors, carrying out stirring reaction on the precursors and lewis acid in a polar aprotic solvent, hydrolyzing the lewis acid to generate an acid environment, inhibiting Cu < + > oxidation, and meanwhile, forming uniformly dispersed colloidal particles to obtain a precursor solution; and adding an anti-solvent into the precursor solution to enable the precursor solution to reach a supersaturated state, filtering, and carrying out single crystal growth by adopting an inverse temperature crystallization method. Lewis acid is added into the precursor solution, oxidation of Cu < + > is inhibited by utilizing a weak acid environment generated by hydrolysis of the Lewis acid, and the colloid stability of the precursor is improved, so that growth of the high-quality large-size Cs3Cu2I5 single crystal is promoted. The method is simple and convenient to operate and easy to control, can effectively improve the scintillation luminescence performance of the single crystal, and has a wide application prospect.

A method for increasing the BEMT content in a composition comprising 2,4-bis[4-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-2-hydroxyphenol]-6-(4-methoxyphenol)-1,3,5-triazine (BEMT), the method comprising the steps of: a) providing a composition comprising BEMT and impurities; b) dissolving the composition in a solvent mixture at a first dissolution temperature to produce an unsaturated BEMT solution, wherein the solvent mixture comprises at least one polar solvent; c) lowering the temperature of the unsaturated BEMT solution to a saturation temperature, wherein the saturation temperature is below the first dissolution temperature, to produce a saturated BEMT solution; d) further lowering the temperature of the first saturated BEMT solution to a first crystallization temperature, wherein the first crystallization temperature is below the saturation temperature, thereby producing a supersaturated BEMT solution; e) during step d), adding BEMT seed crystals in an amount ranging from 0.00001 wt.-% to 20 wt.-% relative to the total weight of the composition to the supersaturated BEMT solution to produce a first BEMT suspension comprising BEMT particles; f) a) Heating the first BEMT suspension to a second dissolution temperature to produce a second BEMT suspension containing fewer BEMT particles than the first BEMT suspension, wherein the second dissolution temperature is higher than and lower than the first crystallization temperature; g) Cooling the second BEMT suspension to a second crystallization temperature to produce a final BEMT suspension containing BEMT particles larger than those in the first BEMT suspension; h) Separating these BEMT particles from the final BEMT suspension, wherein the second crystallization temperature is lower than the first crystallization temperature.

The application provides a continuous crystallization mother liquor concentration regulation and impurity removal device and method, and belongs to the technical field of continuous crystallization equipment. A suction circulating pipe is designed outside the crystallization tank to ensure that the mother liquor fully flows in the whole continuous crystallization system, the concentration of the crystallization mother liquor is homogenized, and local supersaturation and thermal crystallization are avoided. A first inner pipe is arranged above the working liquid level in the crystallization tank to draw out the upper impurities and the accumulated light component mother liquor of the crystallization tank. In combination with the design of the open mother liquor and the impurity separation device, not only can the crystallization rate be reduced due to the too low local concentration, but also the impurities enriched at the top of the crystallization tank can be discharged, so that the influence of the impurities on the crystal quality is greatly reduced. In combination with the mother liquor parameter monitoring device arranged on the outer circulating pipe, the parameters of the crystallization mother liquor can be monitored in real time, the mother liquor extraction and circulation amount are more controllable, the crystallization environment stability is improved, and the efficient and stable generation of large particle crystals is facilitated.

The invention provides a quercetin eutectic composition which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20-35% of quercetin, 10-75% of a eutectic compound and 10-56% of a crystal inhibitor, and the total amount of all the raw materials is 100%. The co-former is nicotinamide or L-proline, and the crystal inhibitor is povidone K30 or Kollidon VA64. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding the co-former and the crystal inhibitor into the co-former; the quercetin eutectic composition prepared by the method can effectively inhibit crystal nucleation and growth of drugs in a supersaturated solution, and improve the stability of the active drug supersaturated solution in a solid-liquid interface layer and a bulk solution; the limitation that the solubility advantage of the eutectic crystal cannot be maintained is broken through, and a new thought is provided for research of a high-solubility quercetin eutectic crystal preparation.

The invention discloses a growth method of an organic-inorganic hybrid two-dimensional phenylethylamine lead bromide perovskite single crystal, relates to a growth method of a phenylethylamine lead bromide perovskite single crystal, and aims to solve the technical problems of long growth period and small thickness of the existing two-dimensional phenylethylamine lead bromide single crystal. The method comprises the following steps: 1, obtaining seed crystals; 2, thermodynamically regulating and controlling the solution supersaturation degree by a constant-temperature water bath device; 3, seed crystal growth is dynamically regulated and controlled through a seed crystal rotating-gradient cooling method under the solution rotating condition, the phenylethylamine lead bromide perovskite single crystal is obtained, the length and width of the phenylethylamine lead bromide perovskite single crystal are larger than 2 cm, the thickness of the phenylethylamine lead bromide perovskite single crystal is larger than 2 mm, fast neutron detection and high-energy nuclear particle screening can be met, and the phenylethylamine lead bromide perovskite single crystal is applied to the field of nuclear radiation detectors.

The invention provides a method and a system for measuring a stable equilibrium point of a hydrate based on a Raman spectrum, which are used for accurately measuring the stable equilibrium point of the hydrate in a gas-liquid system in a capillary tube. Preparing a gas-containing supersaturated aqueous solution, and inducing hydrate nucleation and growth; performing real-time in-situ monitoring on the change of the Raman characteristic peak of the hydrate crystal; gradually adjusting the temperature according to a fixed temperature step length, and dynamically judging the phase change direction of the hydrate according to the displacement, the peak intensity and the peak shape change of the Raman characteristic peak and the crystal growth / decomposition behavior; and when the growth or decomposition rate of the hydrate crystal is lower than a set threshold value, judging that the current temperature is the stable equilibrium temperature of the hydrate under the pressure. According to the method, on the basis of a microfluidic platform integrating Raman spectrum and microscopic imaging functions, the generation and decomposition process of the hydrate is dynamically monitored by collecting the change of a Raman characteristic peak in real time and combining precise regulation and control of temperature and pressure.

There is provided a liquid or gel composition for generating hydrogen peroxide. The composition comprises enzyme that is able to convert a substrate to release hydrogen peroxide; substrate for the enzyme; and polymer. The composition does not comprise sufficient free water to allow the enzyme to convert the substrate, has a water activity (aw) of 0.7 or less, and / or comprises 5% or less, by weight of water. The composition may have droplets of supersaturated aqueous solution comprising the substrate which are suspended in the polymer. There may be greater than 70%, by weight, of the polymer in the composition. The composition may comprise less than 2%, by weight, non-aqueous solvent, and i) greater than 50%, by weight, of the polymer, and / or ii) less than 20%, by weight, of sugar.

The invention belongs to the technical field of ardealite resource utilization, and particularly relates to a method for recycling fluorapatite from ardealite leacheate through ion activity control. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out on-line detection on a fluorapatite saturation index on a phosphogypsum leacheate stock solution, and adjusting the supplementing amount of a Ca source / a P source / an F source in real time to keep a system supersaturated; adding background electrolyte, a complexing agent and a crystal face regulating agent into the treated solution to obtain a crystal precursor solution; controlling the temperature to be 50-90 DEG C, adjusting the pH value of the system to be 6.4-6.9, supplementing Ca < 2 + >, adding FA seed crystal, and uniformly stirring and mixing; the temperature is increased to 70-95 DEG C, the pH is increased to 6.8-7.8, a surface rearrangement accelerant is added for directional crystallization and solid-liquid separation, a solid product is washed and dried, and fluorapatite is obtained. FA crystal nucleation is controlled and regulated through ion activity, so that the yield and the purity of a target product are remarkably improved.

The application discloses a kind of low-defect manganese-based prussian blue under solid-liquid dynamic balance fast preparation method, comprising the following steps: S1, sodium citrate is dissolved in deionized water, then add manganese acetate and ascorbic acid, form the solution A containing manganese complex;Wherein, the molar ratio of sodium citrate, manganese acetate and ascorbic acid is (4.5-5.5): 1:(0.3-0.4);S2, sodium ferrocyanide is added to deionized water, stirring is formed at a set temperature containing unsolved sodium ferrocyanide solid supersaturated suspension B;Wherein, the addition amount of sodium ferrocyanide is far more than its saturated solubility at the temperature, so that the system maintains solid-liquid two-phase equilibrium state;Crystalline integrity is higher: thanks to "whole process dynamic saturation" environment, the manganese-based prussian blue prepared by the application has more obvious monoclinic phase characteristics (corresponding XRD double peak is obvious, intensity is obvious, signal-to-noise ratio is good) compared with comparative document, lattice vacancy and coordination water content are significantly lower than comparative document scheme, and electronic conductivity is increased by nearly 50%.

The present invention provides a method for preparing a non-spherical ultra-high purity low-hydroxyl silica sol, comprising the following steps: S1. Prepare several groups of tetramethoxysilane alcohol as solution A, mix an organic base and deionized water to obtain solution B, and mix an inorganic base and deionized water to obtain solution C; S2. Purify solution A through a dynamic method with anion and cation exchange resins; S3. Add solution B and solution C to solution A, stir well, react at a constant temperature throughout the process, and the pH of the mixed solution is 3 < pH < 12.5 during titration to prepare a seed mother liquor; the volume ratio of solution A, solution B and solution C is 1-20:1:1; S4. Mix solution A, solution B and solution C in the same proportion as described above to form a nutrient solution, and continuously add it to the mother liquor, control the concentration ratio, reaction temperature, solution pH value, reaction time, control the supersaturation rate of the reaction, and keep it lower than the consumption rate of secondary particle nucleation to obtain a non-spherical silica sol.

The application discloses a multi-salt electrolyte system crystallization simulation method and device based on a solubility function model, a medium and a product, relates to the field of chemical thermodynamics and crystallization process simulation, and comprises the following steps: obtaining saturation solubility experimental data of target components under different experimental conditions; constructing a solubility function model of the target components based on the saturation solubility experimental data, and fitting solubility function model parameters of each electrolyte system; calculating the theoretical saturation solubility of the target components under the current conditions based on the solubility function model and the fitted solubility function model parameters, so as to determine whether the multi-salt electrolyte system is in a supersaturated state; and if the multi-salt electrolyte system is in a supersaturated state, calculating the crystallization amount of the target components based on material balance relations, and obtaining the mother liquor composition, the flow rate of the mother liquor stream and the flow rate of the solid product. The application can improve the accuracy and universality of the crystallization simulation of complex electrolyte systems.

A simulation device for generating a supersaturated total dissolved gas (TDG) in a flood discharge and energy dissipation region of a dam is provided. The simulation device includes a reactor, a water inlet system, a gas inlet system, a venting system, a water drainage and gas exhaust system, a monitoring system, and a control system. An observation window is defined on the reactor, and a magnetic stirring assembly is installed inside the reactor. The cooperation of the water inlet system and the gas inlet system quantitatively controls a mass flow rate of water and gas entering and exiting the reactor, controls the change and variation of a temperature and a pressure inside the reactor, simulates the process of generating supersaturated TDG in the flood discharge and energy dissipation region by injecting water flow with varying air entrainment concentrations, and simulates changes in supersaturated TDG concentrations under varying pressure conditions.

A static mixer crystallizer device includes at least one side wall defining a channel extending from a first end to a second end along a longitudinal axis. The channel receives a flow of a solution from the first end of the channel and expels the solution from the second end of the channel. The solution is a supersaturated solution comprising a fluid and dissolved salts. The device include a first structure disposed within the channel, the first structure comprising at least one surface comprising at least one of a reentrant surface, a crenellation, a concavity, or a corrugation configured to affect the flow of the solution through the channel to increase the turbidity thereof and accelerate a rate of crystal growth within the solution. The solution exiting the second end of the channel comprises salt crystals precipitated from the supersaturated solution.

This invention discloses a method for determining the chemical composition of calcium carbide slag. The method first removes the moisture by ashing the calcium carbide slag, then digests it with concentrated nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid, followed by digestion with saturated boric acid. Finally, based on a standard solution, the concentration of each component is obtained by comparing the test solution and the blank solution, and then converted into the content of oxides. The experimental results show that the recovery rate of calcium oxide is over 96%, and the accuracy and precision meet the standard requirements.

The application belongs to the technical field of nanometer material preparation, and particularly relates to a kind of spherical-like nanometer tungsten oxide and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method of the spherical-like nanometer tungsten oxide comprises the following steps: S1, obtaining an ammonium tungstate solution; S2, adding liquid nitrogen dropwise into the ammonium tungstate solution to obtain spherical-like nanometer crystals; and S3, calcining the spherical-like nanometer crystals to obtain spherical-like nanometer tungsten oxide; the application has simple process, strong controllability, easy-to-adjust parameters, simple raw materials, is suitable for large-scale industrial production, introduces liquid nitrogen quenching process, uses ultra-low temperature environment to make solution reach high supersaturation instantaneously and generate a large number of fine crystal nuclei, at the same time, the tiny nitrogen bubbles formed by liquid nitrogen vaporization effectively inhibit the collision and agglomeration between the newly generated crystal nuclei, thereby ensuring good dispersity of the product.

The utility model discloses an efficient separation circulating storage tank device for caprolactam-grade ammonium sulfate production, which relates to the technical field of caprolactam-grade ammonium sulfate production and comprises a mother liquor separation tank, a stirring mechanism is arranged in the mother liquor separation tank, and a dissolution separation mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the mother liquor separation tank. The stirring mechanism can improve the dissolving efficiency, the dissolving and separating mechanism effectively dissolves crystals during normal operation, the degree of supersaturation of the ammonium sulfate mother liquor of the system is reduced, the temperature of the mother liquor is increased, and the dissolution and separation efficiency of the ammonium sulfate mother liquor is improved. The blocking of the mother liquor circulating extraction pipe caused by excessive crystals at the bottom of the tank is avoided, the risks of stirring stop and equipment damage caused by excessive crystal accumulation possibly caused by long-term operation are also avoided, and the recovery efficiency and the recovery amount of crude caprolactam oil on the upper layer of the ammonium sulfate mother liquor in the tank can be improved by the blocking mechanism.

Provided is a method for producing a ribose phosphate compound, the method comprising hydrolyzing a compound represented by general formula (3) in the presence of an acidic compound by a pressurized flow reaction, thereby producing a ribose phosphate compound represented by general formula (1). R1 represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, or OR11, and R11 represents a group represented by general formula (2). R2 and R3 each represent a hydrogen atom or a group represented by general formula (2). The two R12 each represent a hydrogen atom or an alkali metal ion. * indicates a bonding part with an oxygen atom. R5 represents an adenyl group, a guanyl group, a cytosyl group, a uracil group, or a thyminyl group.　The compounds represented by general formulae (1) and (3) each have at least one group represented by general formula (2) per molecule.