41 results about "Equilibrium phase" patented technology

The present invention provides a high corrosion resistance hot dip galvannealed steel material comprised of a Zn-based hot dip plated steel material achieving both a higher corrosion resistance of the plated layer itself by the added elements and sacrificial protection of iron metal by the plated layer or workability free of degradation caused of formation of intermetallic compounds by added elements, that is, a high corrosion resistance hot dip Zn plated steel material characterized in that an alloy plated layer containing Zn: 35 mass % or more, preferably 40 mass % or more, contains a non-equilibrium phase having a heat capacity by differential scanning calorimetry of 1 J/g or more. Furthermore, 5% or more, preferably 50% or more in terms of vol % is an amorphous phase. The alloy layer may contain, by mass %, Mg: 1 to 60% and Al: 0.07 to 59%, may further contain one or more elements selected from Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu in a total of 0.1 to 10%, and may in addition contain one or more elements of 0.1 to 10% of La, 0.1 to 10% of Ce, 0.1 to 10% of Ca, 0.1 to 10% of Sn, 0.005 to 2% of P, and 0.02 to 7% of Si.

The invention belongs to the field of aluminum alloy heat treatments, and particularly relates to a heat treatment process for a scandium-containing Al-Zn-Mg-Cu base squeeze casting aluminum alloy. The heat treatment process adopts a three-stage strengthening solid-solution treatment process and a single-stage aging treatment process, wherein the three-stage strengthening solid-solution treatment comprises: carrying out thermal insulation for 24 h at a temperature of 460 DEG C, heating to a temperature of 470 DEG C, carrying out thermal insulation for 8 h, continuously heating to a temperature of 480 DEG C, carrying out thermal insulation for 2 h at a temperature of 480 DEG C, immediately taking, and carrying out water quenching, and then the single-stage aging heat treatment is performed and comprises: carrying out thermal insulation for 24 h at a temperature of 120 DEG C. According to the present invention, the coarse non-equilibrium phase in the alloy can be sufficiently dissolved and homogenized, the supersaturation degree of the solid solution is increased, the stress concentration tendency with the grain boundary eutectic phase is reduced, the matrix structure after aging is fine GP zones distributed in a diffusion manner and an eta<,> phase, the grain boundary is a grain boundary precipitation phase distributed in a discontinuous manner, the ultra high strength ([sigma]s is more than or equal to 500 MPa) is achieved, and the good plasticity (delta is more than or equal to 10%) is provided.

[Object] A bulk material which is suitably used as a material for actuator and sensor elements is formed from a Fe—Ga base magnetoresistive alloy and a Ti—Ni base shape memory alloy taking advantage of crystal miniaturization and anisotropy as well as reduction of precipitates (equilibrium state in state diagram) and non-equilibrium phases peculiar to liquid rapidly solidified materials, and the performance of the material is enhanced by a production method thereof which has cost advantage over a melt method.

[Construction] A rapidly solidified material having a particular rapidly solidified texture of a Fe—Ga magnetostrictive alloy or a TiNi-based shape-memory alloy and properties derived therefrom is formed into slices which are laminated to each other in a die, or is formed into a powder or chops which are filled in the die. Subsequently, spark plasma sintering is performed so that bonds between the slices, grains of the powder, or the chops are formed at a high density to form a bulk alloy, followed by annealing whenever necessary, so that the properties of the alloy are improved.

A method for forming copper indium gallium (sulfide) selenide (CIGS) solar cells, cadmium telluride (CdTe) solar cells, and copper zinc tin (sulfide) selenide (CZTS) solar cells using laser annealing techniques to anneal the absorber and/or the buffer layers. Laser annealing may result in better crystallinity, lower surface roughness, larger grain size, better compositional homogeneity, a decrease in recombination centers, and increased densification. Additionally, laser annealing may result in the formation of non-equilibrium phases with beneficial results.

Disclosed are semiconductor laser devices which hardly have degradation when used to generate high power of 200 mW or greater over a long period of time. An exemplary semiconductor laser device comprising a semiconductor substrate, and a layer structure formed on the semiconductor substrate and having an active layer with a quantum well layer formed of a ternary system mixed crystal of a Ill-V compound semiconductor. The material of the quantum well layer is formed in an equilibrium phase which is thermodynamically stable at both the growth temperature and the operating temperature. The material preferably has a substantially homogeneous disordered microstructure. In a preferred embodiment, the material comprises GaAsSb. The quantum well layer exhibits improved thermodynamic stability, and the device can emit light in the 980 nm band at high power levels for longer periods of time without failure in comparison to conventional InGaAs 980 nm pumping lasers.

The invention relates to a measuring method of the equilibrium phase of a multi-component Ti-Al-X intermetallic compound. The measuring method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out diffusion-couple reference alloy composition design;preparinga diffusion-couple reference alloy casting ingot byadopting a vacuum-induction electric arc melting technology; cutting the melted diffusion-couple reference alloy casting ingot into a test sample; grinding the test sample till the surface is smooth and flat, and then carrying out vacuum prewelding; then carrying out long-time balance diffusion treatment on the pre-welded sample, and forming a diffusion layer between two reference alloys; then preparing a middle diffusion layer into a metallographic sample, andobserving; testing the contents of Al and Ti of the two ends of a phase interface of the sample by adopting an electronic probe technology, drawing concentration distribution curve of the Al and the Ti from an alpha-phase area to a gamma-phase area and obtaining equilibrium compositions of the two phases. Compared with the prior art, the measuring method has important theoretical guidance and practice significance on research ofthe equilibrium phase of multi-component Ti-Al-X intermetallic compound.

A tin layer and a nickel layer are stacked sequentially on a given substrate to form a multilayered film composed of the tin layer and the nickel layer. Then, laser beams are irradiated onto the multilayered film to form a tin-nickel alloy film, having stable phases composed of equilibrium phases such as Ni3Sn phase through the diffusion of the tin elements of the tin layer into the nickel layer.

The present invention discloses a method for optimizing heat treatment of precipitation-hardened alloys having at least one precipitate phase by decreasing aging time and/or aging temperature using thermal growth predictions based on a quantitative model. The method includes predicting three values: a volume change in the precipitation-hardened alloy due to transformations in at least one precipitation phase, an equilibrium phase fraction of at least one precipitation phase, and a kinetic growth coefficient of at least one precipitation phase. Based on these three values and a thermal growth model, the method predicts thermal growth in a precipitation-hardened alloy. The thermal growth model is particularly suitable for Al—Si—Cu alloys used in aluminum alloy components. The present invention also discloses a method to predict heat treatment aging time and temperature necessary for dimensional stability without the need for inexact and costly trial and error measurements.

The invention discloses a method for preventing interfacial crud during vanadium-chromium extraction and separation, which is characterized in that during extraction, vanadium and chromium are extracted and separated by use of amine-type extractant in an organic phase containing the amine-type extractant and diluent composition; an aqueous phase adopts a leaching solution which contains vanadium-chromium slag and has acidity adjusted through dilute sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide solution; and the method comprises the steps of mixing the aqueous phase with the organic phase in a separating funnel at a certain temperature, fixing the separating funnel on an oscillator, oscillating for a certain time, taking out and standing the separating funnel for demixing. The method has the advantagesof effectively preventing interfacial crud produced during vanadium-chromium extraction and separation, improving extraction equilibrium phase-separation speed, reducing the loss of organic phase andsaving operation cost.

The invention discloses an iron ore sintering method and a quantitative characterization method of mineral phase contents. By an iron ore equilibrium phase sintering technology, quantitative research on the phase composition of sintered ore is carried out so as to determine the optimum ratio of sintered ore and sintering parameter condition. In comparison with traditional sinter pot experiments and commercial tests, the equilibrium phase sintering technology is adopted in the invention so as to greatly reduce experimental errors. Equipment such as an XRD, a scanning electron microscope, a metallographic microscope and the like is applied for detection of sintered samples. Various detection results confirm one another to ensure phase judgment accuracy. Meanwhile, ImageJ software is used for quantitative calculation of mineral phase contents so as to obtain precise phase type and quantitative composition. Therefore, this method has the characteristic of accurate detection results. By the method, the influence of sintering raw material and condition change on sintered ore phase composition can be analyzed from the perspective of phases, and then changes of metallurgical properties of sintered ore is analyzed. The method is scientific and practical.

A gas chromatographic temperature-programmed sampling system utilizing the vortex refrigeration effect, comprising a compressed gas regulating valve, a vortex tube, and a temperature-programmed sampling port, characterized in that a heating device and The temperature sensor is equipped with a cold trap outside, and the cold trap wraps the vaporization chamber, the heating device and the temperature sensor, and has a space and a channel for accommodating cooling gas. The cold trap is set There is a cooling gas inlet and an outlet; the compressed gas is connected to the inlet of the vortex tube through the compressed gas regulating valve through a pipeline, and the outlet of the cold end of the vortex tube is connected to the cold trap inlet of the temperature-programmed sampling port through a pipeline. A gas chromatographic temperature programming sampling method utilizing the vortex refrigeration effect, comprising the following steps: S1 high temperature stage of the sample inlet, S2 low temperature stage of the sample inlet, S3 temperature balance stage of the sample inlet, and S4 temperature rise stage of the sample inlet.

The invention provides a heat treatment method for improving the comprehensive performance of alloy. The alloy contains the following components of, by weight, 3.5%-4.5% of Cu, 1.4%-1.80% of Li, 0.2%-0.8% of Mg, 0.2%-0.8% of Zn, 0.04%-0.20% of Zr, 0.20%-0.80% of Mn, any one to three kinds of 0.05%-0.35% of Sc, 0.2%-0.8% of Ag and 0.10%-0.25% of Er, less than or equal to 0.08% of Si, less than or equal to 0.10% of Fe, less than or equal to 0.10% of Ti, less than or equal to 0.05% of other impurities individually, less than or equal to 0.15% of the other impurities in total, and the balance Al.The method comprises the following steps that after the alloy is subjected to solid solution and quenching, "spheroidizing aging" treatment is performed for 10 hours to 20 hours at 220 DEG C to 280 DEG C, the micron-scale granular precipitated phase is formed in the crystal, meanwhile, the large-size flake-and-needle-like "Widmanstatten structure" remained at the crystal boundary is converted intothe intermittent granular equilibrium phase, then repeated solid solution treatment, cold deformation treatment and aging treatment are performed, so that re-dissolution of the micron-scale granularprecipitated phase is achieved, moreover, precipitation of the nano-scale precipitated phase is promoted, the characteristic tissue with the uniform and tiny in-crystal precipitated phase and the intermittently-distributed crystal boundary precipitated phase is obtained, then the comprehensive performance of the alloy is improved, and the method is suitable for alloy thick plates, forge pieces andlarge-section extrusion materials used in the fields of aviation and weapons.

The invention relates to the technical field of microbial fermentation, in particular to high-sugar-tolerant yeast and an application thereof. The high-sugar-tolerant yeast is Zygosaecharomyces mellis LGL-1, and the preservation number of the high-sugar-tolerant yeast is CCTCC No.M2015545. The high-sugar-tolerant yeast is relatively short in lag phase and long in logarithmic phase and equilibrium phase, and cost can be reduced when the high-sugar-tolerant yeast is applied to actual production. Especially, the high-sugar-tolerant yeast has good stress resistance, for example, the high-sugar-tolerant yeast can tolerate 70% (w/v) total sugar and 12% (v/v) ethyl alcohol, and when the pH is 2.5, the high-sugar-tolerant yeast can normally and rapidly grow, and is high in acid resistance.

The invention discloses an efficient and energy-saving pretreatment method for changing network ferrites and acicular ferrites in an alloy carburizing steel pretreatment microstructure. A forged-rolled alloy carburizing steel part is continuously subjected to primary cooling and heat insulation, at least one one-time intermediate cooling and heat insulation, and last-time cooling and heat insulation, and finally cooled to achieve a pearlite transformation temperature zone of the equilibrium phase diagram of the alloy carburizing steel part. According to the alloy carburizing steel part preheating treatment method disclosed by the invention, network proeutectoid ferrites and proeutectoid ferrites with other non-block morphologies in the alloy carburizing steel pretreatment microstructure are changed into block ferrites, so that control for the subsequent cutting machining, and carburizing and quenching deformation for the part is facilitated; and the method is simple in procedures and capable of greatly saving energy.

An alloy composition is composed essentially of Hf_2-XZr_XCo₁₁B_Y, wherein 0<X<2 and 0<Y≦1.5. Moreover, an alloy composition is composed essentially of ferromagnetic Hf_2-XZr_XCo₁₁B_Y, wherein 0≦X<2 and 0<Y≦1.5, and has a nanoscale crystalline structure comprising at least one non-equilibrium phase. The alloys can be melt-spun with in-situ and/or ex-situ annealing to produce the nanoscale crystalline structure.

The invention provides a method for predicting a pearlitic steel microstructure based on thermodynamics and dynamics, and belongs to the field of pearlitic steel microstructure calculation. Accordingto the method, a quasi-equilibrium phase diagram of pearlitic steel is calculated through thermodynamics, and eutectoid point components, eutectoid point temperature, proeutectoid phase types and forming temperature are extracted. Then, parameters such as pearlite steel components, cooling speed, proeutectoid phase forming temperature, eutectoid point temperature and model size are used as input for dynamic calculation, and a proeutectoid phase interface position and pearlite lamellar spacing curve is obtained and then converted into proeutectoid phase content and pearlite lamellar spacing. According to the thermodynamics, dynamics and data extraction method, microscopic structure characteristic parameters under the conditions of specified pearlitic steel components and cooling speed can be predicted, so that microscopic structure prediction of the pearlitic steel is realized, and complicated and time-consuming experimental processes are avoided or reduced.

The invention discloses a component optimization design method of 617 nickel-based superalloy, comprising the following steps of: calculating the relationship between each precipitation amount in thealloy with a typical chemical composition and the temperature based on the chemical composition defined by the alloy; obtaining main equilibrium phases of the alloy, and simultaneously obtaining the relationship between the precipitation amount of each phase and the temperature; determining main composition phases of the alloy and main alloy elements of each composition phase at the working temperature, and adjusting and optimizing the content of Al, Ti, Cr, Mo and C elements in the alloy to obtain the content of an ideal composition phase; obtaining the value range of the adjusted alloy element components, and finally obtaining the optimized chemical components of the alloy. By the method, a relatively accurate equilibrium phase diagram is obtained, and a theoretical basis is provided forthe design and production of the alloy; more ideal alloy components are obtained; the complicated and time-consuming experimental process is reduced, and a theoretical basis is provided for the design and production of the alloy.

The invention discloses a molybdenum-niobium-silicon alloy and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of intermetallic compounds. A chemical expression of the molybdenum-niobium-silicon alloy is (Mo1-xNbx)Si2, wherein X is within 0-1. The preparation method comprises the steps that molybdenum power, niobium power and silicon power are mixed uniformly according to 0-33.3mol%Mo, 0-33.3mol%Nb and 66.7mol% Si, wherein the sum of molar proportions of Mo and Nb is 33.3%; mixed powder is pressed to a billet and put into a reaction kettle; the mixed powder billet is ignited in a protective atmosphere and synthesized to the molybdenum-niobium-silicon alloy; and synthesized molybdenum-niobium-silicon alloy powder is subjected to densification sintering by a vacuum hot pressed sintering method. Compared with the prior art, with the adoption of the molybdenum-niobium-silicon alloy and the preparation method, a non-equilibrium phase can be obtained, and properties of a material can be improved. Compared with technologies such as arc melting, the molybdenum-niobium-silicon alloy and the preparation method have the advantages of simple technology, simple and convenient equipment, time saving, energy saving, low cost and small pollution.