2520 results about "Isotropy" patented technology

Conformal nanolaminate dielectric deposition and etch back processes that can fill high aspect ratio (typically at least 5:1, for example 6:1), narrow width (typically sub 0.13 micron, for example 0.1 micron or less) gaps with significantly reduced incidence of voids or weak spots involve the use of any suitable confirmal dielectric deposition technique and a dry etch back. The etch back part of the process involves a single step or an integrated multi-step (for example, two-step) procedure including an anisotropic dry etch followed by an isotropic dry etch. The all dry deposition and etch back process in a single tool increases throughput and reduces handling of wafers resulting in more efficient and higher quality nanolaminate dielectric gap fill operations.

Advanced Smart Cards and similar form factors (e.g. documents, tags) having high quality external surfaces of Polyvinylchloride (PVC), Polycarbonate (PC), synthetic paper or other suitable material can be made with highly sophisticated electronic components (e.g. Integrated Circuit chips, batteries, microprocessors, Light Emitting Diodes, Liquid Crystal Displays, polymer dome switches, and antennae), integrated in the bottom layer of the card structure, through use of injection molded thermosetting or thermoplastic material that becomes the core layer of said Advanced Smart Cards. A lamination finishing process can provide a high quality lower surface, and the encapsulation of the electronic components in the thermosetting or thermoplastic material provides protection from the lamination heat and pressure.

In accordance with the present invention there is provided methods for generating an isotropic or near-isotropic three-dimensional images from two-dimensional images. In accordance with the present invention the method includes, obtaining a first image of a body part in a first plane, wherein the first image generates a first image data volume; obtaining a second image of the body part in a second plane, wherein the second image generates a second image data volume; and combining the first and second image data volumes to form a resultant image data volume, wherein the resultant image data volume is isotropic or near-isotropic.

A method and system for providing a magnetic structure that includes at least one magnetic material is disclosed. The method and system include defining the magnetic structure. The magnetic structure also includes a top layer that is insensitive to an istroropic carbonyl reactive ion etch. The defining of the magnetic structure results in at least one artifact. The method and system further includes cleaning the at least one artifact using at least one isotropic carbonyl reactive ion etch.

An optical element is provided, which can realize high speed response equivalent or more than that of conventional elements without depending on incident polarization.

A diffraction element 10 comprises transparent substrates 5 and 6, a grating 2A made of an isotropic refractive index solid material formed on the transparent substrate 5 and having a cross-sectional structure having a periodical concavo-convex shape, a blue phase liquid crystal 2B which fills the concave portions of grating 2A including a periodical concave-convex shape having a refractive index which changes isotropically, and transparent electrodes 3 and 4 for applying voltage to the blue phase liquid crystal 2B, wherein the grating 2A and the blue phase liquid crystal 2B constitutes a diffraction grating 1, and the diffraction element 10 has a construction that the refractive index of the blue phase liquid crystal 2B is changed by the voltage applied via the transparent electrodes 3 and 4.

A compensating multi layer material includes two compensating layers adjacent to one another. A multi-layer embodiment of the invention produces subwavelength near-field focusing, but mitigates the thickness and loss limitations of the isotropic “perfect lens”. An antenna substrate comprises an indefinite material.

Thermochromic liquid crystal filters are fabricated by providing two polarizers oriented at offset polarity with respect to each other; providing alignment structures adjacent the inner surfaces of the polarizers; placing a plurality of spacers between the polarizers; and filling a space created by the spacers with a thermotropic liquid crystal that acts as a wave block in an isotropic state and acts as a depolarizer in a nematic state. Alternatively, the filters can be created by encapsulating a thermochromic liquid crystal with a polymer material to form a flexible film and orienting the thermochromic liquid crystal in the polymer material to create a structure that functions as a thermochromic optical filter. Such filters can control the flow of light and radiant heat through selective reflection, transmission, absorption, and/or re-emission. The filters have particular application in passive or active light-regulating and temperature-regulating films, materials, and devices, and particularly as construction materials.

A microwave-induced heating of CNT filled (or coated) polymer composites for enhancing inter-bead diffusive bonding of fused filament fabricated parts. The technique incorporates microwave absorbing nanomaterials (carbon nanotubes (CNTs)) onto the surface or throughout the volume of 3D printer polymer filament to increase the inter-bead bond strength following a post microwave irradiation treatment and/or in-situ focused microwave beam during printing. The overall strength of the final 3D printed part will be dramatically increased and the isotropic mechanical properties of fused filament part will approach or exceed conventionally manufactured counterparts.

[PROBLEMS] To provide a liquid crystal display device that does not need any surface aligning treatment, realizes striking increase of a response speed of movie display and is free from any light leakage (produce dark field) at black display.

[MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] There is provided a liquid crystal display device comprising a pair of transparent substrates and, interposed therebetween, a polymer stabilized blue-phase liquid crystal. The liquid crystal display device utilizing the polymer stabilized blue-phase liquid crystal exhibits a large birefringence change upon application of an electric field to cell substrate in an in-plane direction. The polymer stabilized blue-phase liquid crystal is composed of a low-molecular liquid crystal capable of developing a blue phase between cholesteric phase and isotropic phase and a polymer network created in the low-molecular liquid crystal. Further, by optimizing the type and amount of chiral dopant added to the liquid crystal, there can be provided a liquid crystal display device that is free from any light leakage (produce dark field) at black display.

An antenna apparatus comprises selectable antenna elements including a plurality of dipoles and/or a plurality of slot antennas (“slot”). Each dipole and/or each slot provides gain with respect to isotropic. The dipoles may generate vertically polarized radiation and the slots may generate horizontally polarized radiation. Each antenna element may have one or more loading structures configured to decrease the footprint (i.e., the physical dimension) of the antenna element and minimize the size of the antenna apparatus.

Receiver-stimulator with folded or rolled up assembly of piezoelectric components, causing the receiver-stimulator to operate with a high degree of isotropy are disclosed. The receiver-stimulator comprises piezoelectric components, rectifier circuitry, and at least two stimulation electrodes. Isotropy allows the receiver-stimulator to be implanted with less concern regarding the orientation relative the transmitted acoustic field from an acoustic energy source.

A 3D display device with controllable device for tracking visibility regions is disclosed, and includes a controllable device for tracking a visibility region, generated by way of superposition of light source images, in a observer plane of the display device. In preferred embodiments, the cladding of a waveguide comprises at least one material with optical properties of an anisotropic liquid, or at least two materials with optical properties of an isotropic liquid; a matrix arrangement of control electrodes defines multiple positions to be generated for local exit points in the cladding of the waveguide at which the total reflection is locally cancelled; and a system controller modifies positions of the output coupling points for superposing the output-coupled light through the lens array to the visibility region by displacing an output coupling point, or by switching off one output coupling point and switching on another one.

A main electrode region of a semiconductor element is provided in a semiconductor region on the surface of a semiconductor substrate, and first and second interlayer insulating films are deposited on this semiconductor region. A metal interconnection is provided on top of the second interlayer insulating film. The main electrode region and the metal interconnection a shape having a first tapered portion with an isotropic taper angle theta3, which starts from the interface between the first and second interlayer insulating films, and a second tapered portion with an anisotropic taper angle theta4, which starts from a point within the second interlayer insulating film. As a result, the shape of the face of the contact plug connecting to the metal interconnection is anisotropic, having dimensions which are greater in the direction parallel to the metal interconnection than in the direction perpendicular to the metal interconnection. The shoulders of the contact hole which are parallel to the metal interconnection are smoothed by anisotropic recession caused by the second tapered portion. Therefore, barrier metal film can be deposited approximately evenly inside the contact hole. Since the diameter of the contact hole does not increase perpendicular to the metal interconnection due to the anisotropic taper angle theta4, the intervals between adjoining metal interconnections can be minimized. The metal interconnection and the contact plug can be comprised from the same conductor or different conductors. The metal interconnection may, for instance, be a DRAM bit line or the like.

An anisotropic wound drape for treating a wound on a patient includes a flexible sheet for placing over a tissue site. The flexible sheet includes a first isotropic zone, and a second isotropic zone. The first isotropic zone and the second isotropic zone are configured to provide the flexible sheet with anisotropic stretching properties. The anisotropic drape may used as part of a reduced-pressure wound treatment system. Other systems and methods are also presented.

The invention relates to a plurality of liquid cleansing compositions having at least one lamellar phase which possesses a lotion-like appearance conveying signals of enhanced moisturization and at least one abutting isotropic phase having enhanced cleansing ability. The inventive composition is contained in a partitionless container in one embodiment conveying signals of a plurality of compositions. This multiphase composition is stable upon storage and is dispensed as a striped product where typically one stripe has primarily a cleansing function and a second stripe has primarily a moisturization function.

A soft solder flowing into the recesses of a semiconductor thin film LED provides: (a) increased bonding strength and better mechanical durability, (b) improved heat dissipation, (c) enhanced light extraction when the LED film is bonded to a new carrier. Annealing localized islands of absorbing metal creates an ohmic contact. Those isolated islands are inter-connected by a layer of a highly reflective metal. This design enables a significant absorption reduction within the LED device and leads to a significant improvement of light extraction. Additionally, the light extraction efficiency of an isotropic light emitting device is improved via surface shaping of the device by a 2D-array of micro-lenses and photonic band gap structure. For manufacturability purpose the making of micron-size lenses of the surface of the chip may preferably be performed as a final step, preferably with optical lithography.

Utilization of quantum dots in displays and the location of the quantum dot sheet within the stackup of the backlight can lead to issues such as non-uniform light mixing, non-uniform brightness, and off-axis changes in color. The mismatch between the isotropic nature of light emitted from the quantum dots and the light emitted directly from the light source can be alleviated by utilization of diffusers and prism sheets. The diffusers and prism sheets can be further utilized to change the angle of light such that it is directed upwards towards the top of the display for improved uniformity in brightness and enhanced performance. Placement of the diffuser sheets, prism sheets, and changes in the design of the components, such as the light guide path, can alleviate the issues by properly mixing the colors together in order to achieve a uniform distribution of colors in the display.

A light-scattering sheet having a phase separation structure comprised of a plurality of solid components varying in refractive index is used to construct a liquid crystal display device. In a first embodiment, the light-scattering sheet is disposed in a defined position within a reflecting LCD device. Thus, in a reflecting LCD device comprising a liquid crystal cell constituted of a transparent front electrode plate having a substrate carrying a transparent conductive layer, a back electrode plate having a substrate carrying a conductive layer and a liquid crystal and, as disposed forwardly of the liquid crystal cell, a polarizer, the light-scattering sheet is interposed (i) between the polarizer and the front electrode plate or (ii) between the back electrode plate and a reflector disposed behind the back electrode plate. Alternatively, (iii) the substrate sheet may be constituted of the light-scattering sheet. In a second embodiment, a light-scattering sheet having an isotropic bicontinuous phase structure comprised of a plurality of polymers varying in refractive index is used.

A system designs a thin and relatively flat microwave focusing lens that can produce multiple simultaneous beams, using readily-available isotropic dielectric materials, and having a gradient-index (GRIN) profile. The design optimizes the lens to achieve beam scanning and/or multiple beams over a wide field of regard (FOR) with broad bandwidth and a very short focal length compared with conventional lenses. The lens can be used individually or as an element in a more complex antenna having multiple lenses in various orientations that are independently switched, selected and/or excited simultaneously as elements in a phased array. The antenna terminal incorporates such lens into an array of lenses along with one or more feeds to produce single or multiple beams covering a broad field of regard for such applications as satellite communications on-the-move, cellular, broadband point-point or point-multipoint and other terrestrial or satellite communications systems. The lens and array design support multiple simultaneous independently steerable beams as well as null placement for interference cancellation.