283results about "Thermal drilling" patented technology

Some implementations include a system having at least one thermally insulated coiled tubing and a bottom hole assembly (BHA) connected to the at least one thermally insulated coiled tubing. The BHA includes at least one capacitor, the at least one capacitor configured to store electrical power. The BHA also includes at least one electrode electrically coupled to the at least one capacitor, the at least one electrode configured to receive the stored electrical power from the at least one capacitor and to periodically emit pulsed power discharges into a subsurface formation.

Apparatus and methods for monitoring emissions from a borehole to determine the composition of earthen material removed from the borehole are described. Monitoring can be done in real time as the borehole is being deepened with a millimeter-wave drilling beam. The present technology can monitor in real-time the elemental composition of the earthen materials (e.g., rock, minerals, crystals, metals, etc.) in a borehole created by a directed-energy beam that melts and vaporizes the earthen material materials in its path. Using a continuous emissions monitor (CEM) in combination with directed-energy excavation of a borehole enables rapid surveying of the subsurface for precious and commercial metals.

Described herein are methods and systems for non-contact boring of tunnels, trenches, and / or vertical shafts. A system comprises a chassis, a non-contact boring element, and a boring actuator connecting the non-contact boring element to the chassis and configured to position the non-contact boring element relative to the bore face. These three elements may form an internal subsystem as this subsystem within a tunnel, trench, or shaft. In some examples, a system further comprises an external subsystem, which is positioned away from the tunnel, trench, or shaft. The external subsystem is connected to the internal subsystem using an umbilical cord (e.g., providing power and control signals to the internal subsystem). Furthermore, the system may include an ejecta removal subsystem operationally coupled to the internal and external subsystems. Some examples of a non-contact boring element include a combustor (e.g., a jet turbine, a flame jet) and a plasma torch.

A pulse generating system includes a primary capacitor positioned along a primary side of a pulse generating circuit, and configured to store electrical energy, and a primary switch positioned along the primary side. The pulse generating system also includes a pulse transformer configured to step up voltage from the primary side to a secondary side of the pulse generating circuit; an output capacitor; and a secondary switch positioned in the secondary side, wherein the output capacitor is electrically coupled to the pulse transformer through the secondary switch.

Disclosed embodiments relate to a pulsed-power drilling system, in which a pulsed-power drill is conveyed downhole and operated via coiled tubing. The coiled tubing may be configured to simultaneously transmit power and drilling fluid downhole. For example, the coiled tubing may include a flexible hollow fluid tube configured to transport drilling fluid therein, and a flexible cable tube disposed within the fluid tube. The cable tube may have one or more cable disposed within protective tubing, protecting the cables from drilling fluid in the fluid tube. Methods of making and using such coiled tubing with pulsed-power drills are also disclosed.

The invention belongs to the technical field of moon sampling, and provides a casing type laser-assisted coring drilling tool for a moon-based extreme environment, which comprises a drill bit, a base, a laser head, a drill rod, a coring pipe and a motor, the bottom of the base is rotatably connected with a drill rod. The bottom of the drill rod is fixedly connected with a drill bit. A coring pipe is coaxially arranged in the drill rod, and an annular cavity is formed between the outer side face of the coring pipe and the inner side face of the drill rod. A laser head is mounted in the base; the laser head is located above the annular cavity, and laser emitted by the laser head penetrates through the annular cavity and is emitted out of the drill bit. Aiming at the lunar-based environment, through the synergistic mechanism of mechanical rotary rock breaking and laser-assisted softening, the lunar rock is softened by means of laser energy, the mechanical cutting resistance of the drill bit is greatly reduced, and efficient and continuous coring operation is achieved; the key technical problems that a traditional drilling tool is difficult in space arrangement, low in efficiency and the like are solved, and the efficiency of the lunar geology coring task and the rock sample fidelity are remarkably improved.

Disclosed embodiments relate to a pulsed-power drilling system, in which a pulsed-power drill is conveyed downhole and operated via coiled tubing. The coiled tubing may be configured to simultaneously transmit power and drilling fluid downhole. For example, the coiled tubing may include a flexible hollow fluid tube configured to transport drilling fluid therein, and a flexible cable tube disposed within the fluid tube. The cable tube may have one or more cable disposed within protective tubing, protecting the cables from drilling fluid in the fluid tube. Methods of making and using such coiled tubing with pulsed-power drills are also disclosed.

Apparatus and methods are described for drilling deep boreholes with millimeter-wave radiation in earthen materials to access deep resources such as geothermal heat. Borehole depth and temperature at the bottom of the borehole can be monitored with probe signals and / or radiative emission from the bottom of the borehole.

A method to improve performance of a pulsed power drilling tool includes determining energy transferred to a bit of a pulsed power drilling tool. In response to a determination that the energy transferred to the bit is not greater than an energy threshold within a threshold period of time, the method also includes monitoring voltage of a primary capacitor of the pulsed power drilling tool during a subsequent resonance cycle. In response to a determination that the voltage of the primary capacitor is above a voltage threshold, the method further includes toggling a primary switch that is electrically connected to the primary capacitor to maintain energy captured by the primary capacitor, charging the primary capacitor from a stored voltage to an operating voltage during a subsequent cycle.

The utility model discloses a millimeter wave deep well drilling platform, which belongs to the technical field of drilling equipment and comprises a drilling machine, a drilling rod and a gyrotron, the drilling machine and the gyrotron are arranged above the ground surface, one end of the drilling rod is connected with a drilling winch on the drilling machine, and the other end of the drilling rod extends into the ground from a drilling well. The drill rod comprises a drill rod shell and a waveguide tube in the drill rod shell, one end of the waveguide tube is communicated with the waveguide collector, the other end of the waveguide tube is provided with an opening and extends into the ground along with a drill bit of the drill rod, and the gyrotron is provided with a dynamic waveguide and movably connected with the waveguide collector through the dynamic waveguide. The dynamic waveguide comprises a waveguide leading-in pipe, a tail pipe and a plurality of groups of waveguide transmission pipes which are connected in sequence, and a plurality of millimeter wave reflection devices are arranged in the dynamic waveguide. Millimeter wave drilling is utilized, the problems of drill bit abrasion, replacement and the like in traditional drilling are solved through millimeter wave drill bit drilling, and the drilling cost is reduced.

The invention discloses a coal mine gas collaborative anti-reflection extraction method, which belongs to the field of coal mine gas extraction, and comprises the following steps: S1, drilling a plurality of vertical drilling wells and a plurality of horizontal drilling wells in a coal seam area to form a three-dimensional drilling network; s2, composite electric field fracturing is conducted, specifically, transient impact is conducted through a high-voltage pulse electric field, and then low-frequency electromagnetic waves are introduced for continuous action; s3, geothermal water in the underground abandoned mine is pumped through a high-pressure pump, the geothermal water is heated to the set temperature through a heat pump and then mixed with high-pressure nitrogen, the mixture is introduced into a wellhead of the three-dimensional well drilling network in a pulse mode, and water is pumped out after the set time and returned and conveyed into the underground abandoned mine; and S4, gas is extracted from the wellhead position through negative pressure adsorption equipment. By the adoption of the coal mine gas collaborative anti-reflection extraction method, advanced technologies such as a three-dimensional well drilling network, composite electric field fracturing and pulse type geothermal water and nitrogen mixed injection are combined, and the extraction rate is greatly increased.

An apparatus, that is part of a drill string for drilling a wellbore in a subsurface formation, comprises a drill bit that includes at least one electrode coupled to a power source, the at least one electrode to periodically emit an electrical discharge based on electrical pulses received from the power source; and a first port to output a first type of drilling fluid having a different composition than a second type of drilling fluid to flow downhole for removal of cuttings, wherein the electrical discharge is to be transmitted through the first type of drilling fluid and through a rock of the subsurface formation.

Novel hybrid tunnel boring methods, systems, and apparatuses are described. Example hybrid methods integrate (a) thermal processing, e.g., preconditioning and / or thermal spallation (which may be used as pre-treatment), and (b) mechanical processing while boring tunnels in rock and other formations. Thermal processing and mechanical processing may be used alternatively or simultaneously. For example, the preconditioning may use thermal energy to induce thermal shock and weaken the rock (e.g., cause expansion stress, micro-fractures, thermal spallation, etc.). This preconditioning changes the relevant properties of the rock relative to the additional (e.g., mechanical) excavation, including, among other things, effective compressive stress, abrasion properties, and hardness. This preconditioned rock can therefore be efficiently removed using mechanical drilling tools, resulting in, for example, faster boring speeds, reduced tool wear, enhanced precision, and longer deployment lengths (e.g., in comparison to conventional TBM and especially MTBM approaches).

An apparatus that is part of a drill string for drilling a wellbore in a subsurface formation, comprises a drill bit that includes at least one electrode coupled to a power source, the at least one electrode to periodically emit an electrical discharge based on electrical pulses received from the power source; and a first port to output a first type of drilling fluid having a dielectric that is different from a dielectric of a second type of drilling fluid to flow downhole for removal of cuttings, wherein the electrical discharge is to be transmitted through the first type of drilling fluid and through a rock of the subsurface formation.

Some implementations include a system having at least one thermally insulated coiled tubing and a bottom hole assembly (BHA) connected to the at least one thermally insulated coiled tubing. The BHA includes at least one capacitor, the at least one capacitor configured to store electrical power. The BHA also includes at least one electrode electrically coupled to the at least one capacitor, the at least one electrode configured to receive the stored electrical power from the at least one capacitor and to periodically emit pulsed power discharges into a subsurface formation.

The invention discloses an ice layer aperture self-adaptive hot water reaming drilling tool, and belongs to the technical field of polar region ice layer drilling. Comprising a hot water hose tail flange piece, a flange adapter piece, a first fixing sleeve, a first center pipe, a first limiting sleeve, a first sliding block, a first spraying cavity, a first spring, a first spring supporting block, a second spring supporting block, a second center pipe, a second spring, a second spraying cavity, a second sliding block and a second limiting sleeve which cooperate with one another. The device comprises a first fixed sleeve, a second fixed sleeve, a nozzle connecting piece, a first nozzle, a second nozzle, a third nozzle, a first pulley connecting rod composite mechanism and a second pulley connecting rod composite mechanism, in the descending and ascending reaming process, the drilling tool is triggered by the drilling form to autonomously perform descending and ascending reaming operation; the technical problems that in the drilling tool reaming process after a main drilling hole of polar region hot water drilling is completed, in drilling tool reaming, drilling tool descending reaming is prone to causing uneven hole diameter, and drilling tool jamming accidents are caused by ice hole shrinkage in drilling tool ascending are solved.

Systems and methods include a laser tool for ablating solid materials in a wellbore. The laser tool includes a housing having a first end and a second end opposite the first end; a laser head attached to a side of the housing between the first end and the second end. The laser head is optically coupled to a laser source and includes optical elements configured to focus a laser beam to ablate the solid materials. The laser tool includes a packer adjacent to the first end of the housing configured to form a seal between the housing and interior surfaces of the wellbore; and a fluid having a lower optical absorption at a wavelength of the laser source than an optical absorption of fluids in the wellbore, the fluid configured to surround the laser head, contact the packer, and permit the laser beam to propagate to ablate the solid materials.

The application discloses a tunnel laser drilling device and relates to the technical field of tunnel drilling. The device comprises a first positioning device for laser positioning of a top hole, a second positioning device for laser positioning of a side wall hole, an auxiliary arm drilling device, a work platform for rotary and lifting movements, and a control device. The auxiliary arm drilling device is used for drilling operation of the top hole and the side wall hole. The first positioning device, the second positioning device, the auxiliary arm drilling device, and the work platform are all connected with the control device. The device can realize quick and accurate positioning and drilling operation, and is also beneficial to reducing the labor intensity of operators.

The invention belongs to the technical field of lunar exploration equipment, and provides a step-by-step laser-assisted rock breaking drilling tool and method for a lunar-based extreme environment, the drilling tool comprises a conversion disc, a rock drilling tool and a laser head, the laser head and the rock drilling tool are integrated in the same drilling tool structure through the conversion disc, laser or mechanical rock breaking modes can be switched according to working conditions, and the laser or mechanical rock breaking modes can be switched according to the working conditions. And step-by-step rock breaking is realized. The drilling tool is suitable for extreme environments such as low gravity, vacuum, high dust and severe temperature change of the moon, has the advantages of being compact in structure, flexible in switching and high in energy utilization rate, and can be widely applied to tasks such as lunar soil stripping, lunar rock mining, underground structure detection and lunar base construction.

Systems and methods disclosed herein may comprise a bottom hole assembly; and a cable disposed in the wellbore. In examples, the cable may comprise a superconducting material configured to provide at least power to the bottom hole assembly; one or more liquid supply channels configured to supply a fluid to reduce temperature of the superconducting material; and one or more liquid return channels. Further, cryogenic liquid may be pumped through the liquid supply channels.

An electro-crushing drill bit is to drill a wellbore, wherein the electro-crushing drill bit comprises a bit body; a ground structure coupled to the bit body; and at least one electrode coupled to a power source and the bit body, the at least one electrode positioned within the ground structure, wherein the at least one electrode comprises, a fixed plate; and a movable plate that is movable relative to the fixed plate.

A combined drill bit based on the electro-pulse-drilling technology includes a PDC bit, a ground electrode, a high-voltage electrode, a high-voltage electrode spring, an electrode drill bit spring, electrode screws, an insulating rod, an insulating spline sleeve, a high-voltage cable connector, an insulating limit cover, a lower bearing, an upper bearing, an end cover, and a conical connecting component. The combined drill bit combines the PDC bit and the electro-pulse-drilling technology, can not only overcome shortcomings of poor wall quality and difficulty in controlling borehole trajectory in process of electro-pulse drilling, but also improve the efficiency of deep-well drilling.

The technology disclosed relates to a pulsed power drilling system 100 for breaking a mineral substrate 400 and to a method for breaking a mineral substrate 400 by passing a pulsed electrical current through the mineral substrate 400. The disclosed pulsed power drilling system 100 and method 500 using microwave radiation for affecting the electric field and electric charge distribution inside ionizable inclusions in the mineral substrate 400 to create localized ionizations inside the mineral substrate 400. The disclosed pulsed power drilling system 100 and method 500 may for example be applied in rock drilling, concrete processing, mineral processing, and continuous mining. The present disclosure further relates to a drill rig 600 comprising a pulsed power drilling system 100, a computer program product comprising instructions, and the use of a pulsed power drilling system 100.

A system for performing subsurface laser perforation includes a tubing deployed within a wellbore including a target layer for perforation, the tubing in communication with a surface location, and a slim laser subsurface tool operatively coupled to the tubing, the laser subsurface tool including a body coupled to the tubing, a telescoping laser head disposed within the body and including a plurality of nested segments, a smallest of the plurality of nested segments defining an orifice at an output end of the telescoping laser head, and a lens supported by the smallest of the plurality of nested segments and covering the orifice at the output end.

This invention discloses a novel combined microwave-drilling device for hard rock, belonging to the field of rock breaking technology. It includes a ground control system and a microwave generator. One end of the ground control system is connected to the microwave generator; a power box is connected to the bottom of the microwave generator, and a rock-breaking motor is installed inside the power box. The drilling tool of this invention consists of a pre-drilling small drill bit and a reaming large drill bit. The pre-drilling small drill bit acts as a pilot tool, drilling a guide hole on the rock surface through high-speed rotation. Simultaneously, it utilizes the local high stress concentration effect of its cutting edge to pre-damage the rock mass surrounding the hole wall, forming a micro-crack network, significantly reducing the integrity and strength of the rock mass. The reaming large drill bit efficiently enlarges the drilling cross-section of the weakened rock mass. Through the synergistic effect of mechanical fracturing and microwave thermal assistance, the drilling cross-section is rapidly enlarged, while reducing energy loss and tool wear during pure mechanical drilling.

Systems and methods include a laser tool for ablating solid materials in a wellbore. The laser tool includes a housing having a first end and a second end opposite the first end; a laser head attached to a side of the housing between the first end and the second end. The laser head is optically coupled to a laser source and includes optical elements configured to focus a laser beam to ablate the solid materials. The laser tool includes a packer adjacent to the first end of the housing configured to form a seal between the housing and interior surfaces of the wellbore; and a fluid having a lower optical absorption at a wavelength of the laser source than an optical absorption of fluids in the wellbore, the fluid configured to surround the laser head, contact the packer, and permit the laser beam to propagate to ablate the solid materials.

A wellbore is drilled in a subterranean zone with a drill bit of a drilling string. The drilling string includes tubing and a fluid separator uphole of the drill bit. While drilling, a drilling fluid is flowed through an interior of the drilling string and through the fluid separator. The fluid separator separates, from the drilling fluid, a fluid stream having a higher water-to-oil ratio than a remainder of the drilling fluid Uphole of the drill bit, the fluid stream is diverted from the fluid separator to an annulus around the exterior of the drilling string based on a specified temperature of a drilling string component while the remainder of the drilling fluid flows from the fluid separator to the drill bit.

The present invention provides a laser drilling machine and method for continuous and rapid drilling, including a drilling tool mounting seat for installing a laser-mechanical combined drilling tool; the laser-mechanical combined drilling tool includes a laser drilling tool and a mechanical drilling tool, the mechanical drilling tool includes a drill bit, a drill rod and a power mechanism, one end of the drill rod is connected to the drill bit, and the other end is connected to the power mechanism; the laser drilling tool includes a laser head, a pump unit and a laser, the laser provides laser for the laser head, the laser head is arranged inside the drill rod, and a laser transmission channel is arranged outside the laser head, a one-way output valve is arranged at the front of the laser transmission channel and at the front end of the laser head, and the pump unit is used to generate a high-pressure medium and transmit it to the laser transmission channel. The present invention can realize laser-mechanical synchronous rock breaking, save the step-changing time required for step-by-step rock breaking, greatly improve the efficiency of engineering construction, and save the time and economic cost of on-site construction.

The application provides a laser rock breaking drilling tool protection device, and belongs to the technical field of laser rock breaking, which comprises a shell, a cavity for accommodating a laser head is formed in the shell, a through hole is formed in the shell, a lens is installed in the through hole, the lens is used for allowing a light source of the laser head to pass out while preventing rock debris from entering the shell to damage the laser head, a cleaning structure is used for cleaning the outer side surface of the lens away from the laser head to prevent rock debris from adhering to the lens, a protection structure is used for protecting the lens to prevent rock debris from impacting the lens to cause scratches on the lens, the protection structure comprises a movable protective cover, the protective cover has a protection position and a working position on its movable stroke, the shell can isolate gas and liquid pollutants, the laser head is installed in the protective shell, the laser head can normally work in a harsh environment such as dust and water, and the service life of the laser head is reduced due to the impact in the pressure environment in the working and standby states.

A system for performing exothermic operations or oxygen delivery uses a rod and handle configuration to create a flowpath of oxygen. The rod includes cables having stainless steel fibers that burn using the oxygen within a hollow center area. While burning, the rod cuts through material. A sheath covers the covers to contain the gases and prevent unraveling of the cables. The handle attaches to the rod and provides control of the flow of oxygen to the rod. A manifold fixing in place bottles of oxygen connects to the handle and can be fixed to provide different mixtures from different bottles. The rod is disconnected when needed to fix a mask thereto for delivering breathable oxygen to a patient.