91 results about "Spatial expansion" patented technology

The present invention relates in general to coupling of light from one or more input waveguides to an output waveguide or output section of a waveguide having other physical dimensions and / or optical properties than the input waveguide or waveguides. The invention relates to an optical component in the form of a photonic crystal fiber for coupling light from one component / system with a given numerical aperture to another component / system with another numerical aperture. The invention further relates to methods of producing the optical component, and articles comprising the optical component, and to the use of the optical component. The invention further relates to an optical component comprising a bundle of input fibers that are tapered and fused together to form an input coupler e.g. for coupling light from several light sources into a single waveguide. The invention still further relates to the control of the spatial extension of a guided mode (e.g. a mode-field diameter) of an optical beam in an optical fiber. The invention relates to a tapered longitudinally extending optical waveguide having a relatively larger cross section that over a certain longitudinal distance is tapered down to a relatively smaller cross section wherein the spatial extent of the guided mode is substantially constant or expanding from the relatively larger to the relatively smaller waveguide cross section. The invention may e.g. be useful in applications such as fiber lasers or amplifiers, where light must be coupled efficiently from pump sources to a double clad fiber.

The invention discloses a 360-degree three-dimensional display device based on splicing of multiple high-speed projectors. The 360-degree three-dimensional display device comprises an orientation diffuser screen set, a rotating device set, a rotating detection module, a projection splicing integration module, image storage modules and the N high-speed projectors. An algorithm of splicing of the multiple high-speed projectors is used for calculation to obtain a two-dimensional frame image sequence projected by each high-speed projector in real time, and the two-dimensional frame image sequences are sent to all the image storage modules. Under modulation of the rotating detection module, all the high-speed projectors are controlled to be matched with rotation of one set or more sets of orientation diffuser screens, splicing and synthesizing imaging of projection areas of all the high-speed projectors are achieved, and the space resolution ratio of three-dimensional display is improved in a multiplied mode. The algorithm based on splicing of the high-speed projectors is matched with the orientation diffuser screens for imaging, the three-dimensional imaging space is enlarged, the transverse dimension, the longitudinal dimension and the field depth dimension of a three-dimensional image are increased, and spatial expansion of three-dimensional display of the large-dimension space is achieved.

A color space conversion apparatus and a method of controlling the same, the color space conversion apparatus including: a first color space conversion unit to convert a first color space into a first Lab color space; a second color space conversion unit to convert a second color space into a second Lab color space; a spherical color space conversion unit to expand the first and second Lab color spaces into a spherical color space; and a spherical gamut mapping unit to perform gamut mapping between the first and second color spaces through spherical parametrization, thus avoiding problems in color reproduction caused by the lack of one-to-one correspondence between Lab color space values of the input and output devices.

In an MCM, an optical signal is conveyed by an optical waveguide disposed on a surface of a first substrate to a first optical coupler. This first optical coupler redirects the optical signal out of the plane of the optical waveguide. Then, an optical interposer guides the optical signal between the first optical coupler and a second optical coupler on a surface of a second substrate, thereby reducing spatial expansion of the optical signal between the optical couplers. Moreover, the second optical coupler redirects the optical signal into a plane of an optical waveguide disposed on a surface of the second substrate, which then conveys the optical signal.

A wireless communication system uses a spatial spreading matrix to simultaneously transmit various different streams of encoded symbol data simultaneously via multiple transmission antennas, wherein the spatial spreading matrix is designed to assure that the different transmission antennas provide equal power output in the presence of both correlated and uncorrelated data within the different encoded symbol streams. The use of this spatial spreading matrix reduces or eliminates the condition in which a particular one of the transmission antennas needs to operate at an output power that is significantly higher than the others of the transmission antennas, which might lead to saturation of, or to the non-linear or abnormal operation of a power amplifier associated with the particular transmission antenna, resulting in improper amplification for that particular transmission antenna.

A multi-antenna transmitting entity transmits data to a single- or multi-antenna receiving entity using (1) a steered mode to direct the data transmission toward the receiving entity or (2) a pseudo-random transmit steering (PRTS) mode to randomize the effective channels observed by the data transmission across the subbands. For transmit diversity, the transmitting entity uses different pseudo-random steering vectors across the subbands but the same steering vector across a packet for each subband. The receiving entity does not need to have knowledge of the pseudo-random steering vectors or perform any special processing. For spatial spreading, the transmitting entity uses different pseudo-random steering vectors across the subbands and different steering vectors across the packet for each subband. Only the transmitting and receiving entities know the steering vectors used for data transmission. Other aspects, embodiments, and features are also claimed and disclosed.

The invention discloses a wave aberration detection device for an optical system. According to the wave aberration detection device, lights emitted by a light source are evenly projected onto an object plane of the optical system by virtue of an illumination module. A pinhole array is positioned on the object plane of the optical system, and has the functions of spatial extension and spatial division. A shearing grating is installed on an image plane of the optical system. The function of phase shift can be realized by means of driving the shearing grating to move horizontally by a fine moving stage. By virtue of a collimating optical lens group, the concentric spherical wave shearing carrying the wave aberration information of the optical system is converted to plane wave shearing. The shearing interferogram light field information in the process of phase shift is recorded by a detector. By virtue of the pinhole array, the luminous energy of the detected system is improved; by virtue of the grating, shearing interference is realized; phase shift is performed by the horizontal movement of the grating; the sphere interference is converted to plane interference by virtue of the collimating optical lens group, so that the error happening when a plane detector receives sphere interference is eliminated and therefore, the wave aberration of the optical system can be detected at high precision.

Techniques for transmitting data using a combination of transmit diversity schemes are described. These transmit diversity schemes include spatial spreading, continuous beamforming, cyclic delay diversity, space-time transmit diversity (STTD), space-frequency transmit diversity (SFTD), and orthogonal transmit diversity (OTD). A transmitting entity processes one or more (ND) data symbol streams based on a transmit diversity scheme (e.g., STTD, SFTD, or OTD) to generate multiple (NC) coded symbol streams. Each data symbol stream may be sent as a single coded symbol stream or as multiple (e.g., two) coded symbol streams using STTD, SFTD, or OTD. The transmitting entity may perform spatial spreading on the NC coded symbol streams with different matrices to generate multiple (NT) transmit symbol streams for transmission from NT antennas. Additionally or alternatively, the transmitting entity may perform continuous beamforming on the NT transmit symbol streams in either the time domain or the frequency domain.

The invention relates to methods and apparatus for modifying the frequency characteristics of a spatially-dispersed mid-IR spectra for spectroscopy. In a preferred embodiment, sum frequency generation between a frequency-dispersed IR beam and an ultrafast optical pulse generates a spatially-extended optical signal that is collected with a CCD detector.

A receiving entity (150) obtains received symbols for a data transmission having at least one data symbol stream sent with space-time transmit diversity (STTD). The receiving entity derives an overall channel response matrix in accordance with the STTD encoding scheme used for the data transmission, derives a spatial filter matrix based on the overall channel response matrix, and performs spatial matched filtering on a vector of received symbols for each 2-symbol interval to obtain a vector of detected symbols for the 2-symbol interval. The receiving entity may perform post-processing (e.g., conjugation) on the detected symbols if needed. Alternatively, the receiving entity derives a spatial filter matrix based on an effective channel response matrix, performs spatial matched filtering on the received symbols for each symbol period to obtain detected symbols for that symbol period, A receiving entity obtains received symbols for a data transmission having at least one data symbol stream sent with space-time transmit diversity (STTD). The receiving entity derives an overall channel response matrix in accordance with the STTD encoding scheme used for the data transmission, derives spatial filter matrix based on the overall channel response matrix, and performs spatial matched filtering on a vector of received symbols for each 2-symbol interval to obtain a vector of detected symbols for the 2-symbol interval. The receiving entity may perform post-processing (e.g., conjugation) on the detected symbols if needed. Alternatively, the receiving entity derives a spatial filter matrix based on an effective channel response matrix, performs spatial matched filtering on the received symbols for each symbol period to obtain detected symbols for that symbol period, and combines multiple estimates obtained for each data symbol sent with STTD.