115 results about "Sum-frequency generation" patented technology

An apparatus and method for calibrating a non-crystal oscillator in a transceiver unit using a crystal-oscillator includes the step of establishing a time base based upon oscillations of the crystal oscillator. A comparison of the number of oscillations for the non-crystal oscillator and the crystal oscillator is made during a known time period is made. An adjustment is determined based upon the established time base and the compared number of oscillations. The transceiving of the transceiver unit is then controlled based upon this adjustment.

A measurement system, comprising: a first light source that generates first light and irradiates an object with the first light, at least one of an intensity, a polarization state, and a wavelength being modulated with a first period in the first light; a second light source that generates second light, at least one of an intensity, a polarization state, and a wavelength being modulated with a second period in the second light; a first optical system that mixes light from the object based on the first light with the second light; a nonlinear optical crystal that generates third light from the mixed light by sum-frequency generation phenomenon, the third light having a frequency equivalent to a sum of a frequency of the light from the object based on the first light and a frequency of the second light; and a photodetector that measures an intensity of the third light.

Embodiments of the invention are concerned with a radar system, and relates specifically to scanning radar systems that are suitable for detecting and monitoring ground-based targets.In one aspect, the radar system is embodied as a scanning radar system comprising a frequency generator, a frequency scanning antenna, and a receiver arranged to process signals received from a target so as to identify a Doppler frequency associated with the target, wherein the frequency generator is arranged to generate a plurality of sets of signals, each set having a different characteristic frequency, the frequency generator comprising a digital synthesiser arranged to modulate a continuous wave signal of a given characteristic frequency by a sequence of modulation of patterns whereby to generate a said set of signals, and wherein the frequency scanning antenna is arranged to cooperate with the frequency generator so as to transceive radiation over a region having an angular extent dependent on the said generated frequencies.Embodiments of the invention thus combine digital synthesiser techniques, which are capable of precise frequency generation and control, with passive frequency scanning and Doppler processing techniques. This enables accurate control of range and of scan rates, and enables optimisation of range cell size for factors such as slow and fast target detection and Signal to Noise ratio, and thus enables detection of targets located at distances considerably farther away than is possible with known systems having similar power requirements.

A method is disclosed for arranging and exciting the stator, rotor and various windings of a multi-stage brushless high frequency alternator so that the resulting multiple high frequency sub-phase armature winding outputs can be rectified and commutated into three phase power frequency alternating current (AC) electrical output. Power frequency currents in field windings control output amplitude, output frequency, and output phase. Devices incorporating this arrangement are suitable of generating fixed frequency electrical power while accommodating variable speed rotation of a generator shaft and offer multiple advantages over existing techniques. The capability to generate speed independent electric power allows natural power sources such as windmills and hydro-power stations to be efficiently coupled to fixed frequency power grids.

A multi-channel optical frequency mixer for all-optical signal processing and a method for engineering the same. The multi-channel mixer uses a nonlinear optical material exhibiting an effective nonlinearity deff whose spatial distribution is defined by a quasi-phase-matching grating, e.g., a QPM grating. The spatial distribution is defined such that its Fourier transform to the spatial frequency domain defines at least two wavelength channels which are quasi-phase-matched for performing optical frequency mixing. The wavelength channels correspond to dominant Fourier components and the Fourier transform is appropriately adjusted using grating parameters such as grating periods, phase reversal sequences and duty cycles to include an odd or even number of dominant Fourier components. The multi-channel mixer can perform frequency mixing operations such as second harmonic generation (SHG), difference frequency generation (DFG), sum frequency generation (SFG), and parametric amplification.

A method is disclosed for arranging and exciting the stator, rotor and various windings of a multi-stage brushless high frequency alternator so that the resulting multiple high frequency sub-phase armature winding outputs can be rectified and commutated into desired phases of power-frequency alternating current (AC) electrical output, including single-phase, split-phase, three-phase and other multiple phase output. Power frequency currents in field windings control output amplitude, output frequency, and output phase. If desired, DC power output can be accommodated as zero power-frequency operation. Devices incorporating this arrangement are suitable of generating fixed frequency electrical power while accommodating variable speed rotation of a generator shaft and offer multiple advantages over existing techniques. The capability to generate speed independent electric power allows natural power sources such as windmills and hydro-power stations to be efficiently coupled to fixed frequency power grids.