521results about "Apparatus using atomic clocks" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of atomic clock control, and discloses a punctuality type atomic clock control method based on a microwave frequency band. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, acquiring microwave frequency band signal data and atomic state data, and constructing a time calculation model in combination with historical operation data to output a theoretical time value; performing multi-dimensional difference analysis on the theoretical time value and the actual measurement time value to generate a time difference coefficient matrix; inputting the matrix into a spatial propagation analysis network, and combining atomic clock component parameters and environmental parameters to generate a time anomaly probability distribution diagram; and finally, configuring microwave control parameters according to the distribution diagram, including starting a high-frequency monitoring mode for a high-probability abnormal region and applying a disturbance test to adjacent frequency bands. According to the method, through multi-dimensional data modeling, difference analysis and dynamic parameter configuration, the accuracy and adaptability of atomic clock control are improved, and the operation stability of the atomic clock in a complex environment can be enhanced.

The invention relates to an all-welded Ramsey microwave resonant cavity for a cold atom fountain clock, the all-welded Ramsey microwave resonant cavity comprises a Ramsey resonant cavity, a flying area waveguide, a cut-off waveguide and a microwave feed-in system, the flying area waveguide is arranged above the Ramsey resonant cavity, and a non-closed atom free flight channel is formed above the flying area waveguide; the flying area waveguide is connected with the cut-off waveguide through welding; the cut-off waveguide is integrally connected with the Ramsey resonant cavity; the microwave feed-in system is connected with the Ramsey resonant cavity through welding. According to the invention, a full-cavity integrated structure is realized through an integrated welding process, the hidden danger of microwave leakage is thoroughly eliminated, repeated debugging is not needed after welding is completed, the tuning period of the resonant cavity is shortened, and the resonant cavity is especially suitable for a low-temperature working environment scene. Meanwhile, through a non-closed atom free flight channel, a vacuum system can conveniently keep a high vacuum state in a flight area, so that the loss of cold atom cohesion is reduced, and an atom signal is relatively large.

In a general aspect, a quantum spectrum sensing system is presented. In some implementations, a quantum spectrum sensing system includes a laser system, a vapor cell sensor, and an optical detector. The laser system includes first and second lasers configured to generate a first and second laser signals. The laser system also includes first and second comb generators configured to produce first and second frequency comb signals based on the first and second laser signals, respectively. The laser system includes a frequency separator that can select frequency components of the second frequency comb signal and a frequency shifter that can shift the selected frequency components toward Rydberg states of a vapor. The vapor cell sensor can receive input optical signals from the laser system and produce output optical signals based on interactions of the vapor with the input optical signals. The optical detector can detect the output optical signals.

The invention provides a clock adjusting method, a clock and electronic equipment, and the method comprises the steps: monitoring an actual value of spectrum data of a target clock; calculating an expected value of the wave spectrum data according to the transmitting power of a target clock corresponding to the actual value on the basis of a predetermined current relationship between the wave spectrum data and the transmitting power; based on the actual value and the expected value, whether deviation exists in the spectrum data of the target clock is judged; if the deviation exists, updating the relationship between the wave spectrum data and the transmitting power based on the actual value of the wave spectrum data and the transmitting power corresponding to the actual value, and obtaining the current relationship between the updated wave spectrum data and the transmitting power; and adjusting the transmitting power of the target clock based on the current relationship between the updated spectrum data and the transmitting power. Through the method, the stability of the clock can be improved.

The invention relates to a vacuum packaged chip atomic clock getter activation device and a use method thereof.The getter activation device is arranged to be of a structure with a heating module on the upper portion and a heat dissipation module on the lower portion, and the heating module and the heat dissipation module are not in contact during use; an inner cavity of an upper groove in the heating module is fully attached to a ceramic sealing cap of the chip atomic clock, the upper groove is heated to the optimal activation temperature of the getter through a PTC heating piece, and then heat preservation is conducted for a period of time, so that it is guaranteed that the getter on the inner wall of the ceramic sealing cap is fully activated; in the activation process, the semiconductor cooler and the water cooling plate in the heat dissipation module are started at the same time, the double heat dissipation structure effectively ensures that the In0. 97Ag0. 03 welding ring located in the lower groove is not melted due to overheating, and therefore the long-term stability of the vacuum degree of the chip atomic clock vacuum packaging cavity is guaranteed. The getter activating device has the advantages of being high in heating speed, good in heat dissipation effect, simple in design, convenient to operate, capable of saving cost and the like.

The application discloses a double-resonance atomic clock ultra-miniature substrate integrated waveguide chamber, comprising: a substrate integrated waveguide annular gap cavity, the substrate integrated waveguide annular gap cavity is formed by longitudinal stacking of a plurality of longitudinal slit substrate integrated waveguides, the longitudinal slit substrate integrated waveguide comprises a metalized through hole and a metal microstrip line, and the longitudinal slit substrate integrated waveguide is provided with a longitudinal slit; a MEMS atomic gas chamber; a mode matching excitation structure for exciting a microwave magnetic field to the substrate integrated waveguide annular gap cavity; and an electromagnetic shielding and heating assembly arranged outside the substrate integrated waveguide annular gap cavity. The application can effectively solve the key problem that the resonant performance of a printed miniature annular gap cavity is extremely sensitive to the size change of subwavelength structure parameters, increase the processing tolerance of the ultra-miniature integrated chamber, reduce the processing difficulty and manufacturing cost of high-precision PCB through holes, and improve product yield.

The invention discloses a Galileo satellite clock error medium and short term forecasting method fusing a grey model and a first-order weighted local method, belongs to the field of satellite clock error medium and short term forecasting, and aims to solve the technical bottleneck that a traditional model is difficult to consider both clock error sequence linear drift and nonlinear disturbance. A dynamic prediction framework of wavelet decomposition-reconstruction time sequence maintenance, grey model and local method combined modeling is provided. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, decomposing an original clock error sequence into a low-frequency trend item and a high-frequency detail item through adaptive wavelet decomposition layer number selection, and keeping component time sequence dimension integrity by utilizing a reconstruction algorithm; secondly, precisely fitting deterministic linear drift of a low-frequency component by adopting a gray model, and dynamically capturing nonlinear random disturbance characteristics of a high-frequency component by applying a first-order weighted local method; through a multi-scale dynamic fusion strategy, a weight coefficient is adjusted in combination with a component prediction error real-time feedback mechanism. And a reliable solution is provided for high-precision real-time clock error correction of the satellite navigation system.

The invention relates to an atomic clock frequency anomaly detection method, and belongs to the technical field of deep learning and the field of atomic clock anomaly detection. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a frequency sequence set with a label generated by an atomic clock in a normal frequency sequence injection known abnormal mode; performing supervised training on the anomaly detection model by using the frequency sequence set; in the anomaly detection model, performing feature fusion, nonlinear transformation and classification on a first path of features extracted by performing multilayer decomposition on an input frequency sequence by adopting discrete wavelet transform and a second path of features extracted by adopting a CNN-Transformer network on the input frequency sequence, and then detecting an abnormal frequency sequence; and performing frequency anomaly detection on the atomic clock frequency sequence acquired in real time by using the trained anomaly detection model. According to the invention, high-precision detection of frequency anomalies with different characteristics is realized, the detection range is expanded, and the detection precision is improved.

An atomic clock system includes a waveguide cavity that is sealed and comprises a gas enclosed therein. The waveguide cavity has a length that is an integer multiple of approximately one half-wavelength of a resonant frequency of the gas between two states. An oscillator system generates an RF signal through the waveguide cavity. The RF signal has a signal frequency that is approximately equal to the resonant frequency of the gas. A detection system measures a characteristic of the RF signal through the waveguide cavity to detect a maximum transition between the two states of the gas and to provide a feedback signal to the oscillator system to lock the signal frequency of the RF signal to the resonant frequency of the gas based on detecting the maximum transition. The detection system provides a frequency reference output signal based on the signal frequency of the RF signal.

In a general aspect, a quantum spectrum sensing system is presented. In some implementations, a system includes a laser system, a vapor cell sensor, an optical detector, and a signal processing system. The laser system includes a first laser that generates a first laser signal; a comb generator that produces a frequency comb signal based on the first laser signal; and a second laser generates a second laser signal. The vapor cell sensor includes a vapor and receives input optical signals based on the frequency comb signal and the second laser signal. The vapor cell sensor produces output optical signals based on interactions of the vapor with the input optical signals and electromagnetic radiation. The signal processing system processes the output optical signals to identifying signals in the electromagnetic radiation that are off resonance with a transition frequency between Rydberg states of the vapor.

The embodiment of the invention provides a rubidium atomic clock based on a velocity grating spectrum and an implementation method, and the method comprises the steps: enabling a multi-frequency coherent laser source to emit a laser signal containing the velocity grating spectrum, and dividing the laser signal into two paths through a polarization splitting prism; the reflected light beam enters the laser frequency stabilization module to realize laser frequency stabilization; a transmission light beam enters the rubidium bubble through the lens group to interact with rubidium atoms; the photoelectric tube detects a transition spectral line, converts the transition spectral line from an optical signal into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the lock-in amplifier for demodulation; the integral amplification module converts the demodulated direct-current voltage into linear increasing voltage and transmits the linear increasing voltage to the crystal oscillator; the crystal oscillator generates an initial microwave signal and generates a microwave signal corresponding to the 87Rb atom through the frequency synthesizer; and the phase frequency modulation module modulates the microwave signal to obtain an error signal and transmits the error signal to the microwave resonant cavity so as to adjust the electromagnetic field according to the error signal to stably lock the rubidium atomic clock. The method is used for achieving the effect of improving the stability of the rubidium atomic clock system.

The invention discloses a power line fog penetration monitoring method, system and device based on polarization-infrared multi-mode fusion and a medium. An atomic clock is tamed to trigger infrared pulse and polarization exposure, and pixel offset caused by jitter of an unmanned aerial vehicle is compensated through an image motion analysis method; constructing a polarization physical model, and establishing a relationship between the fogdrop particle size and the polarization degree; performing multi-modal feature fusion, constructing a double-branch deep learning network, and performing output judgment on the image according to a dynamic fusion strategy; and optimizing conductor features and insulator features in the power line through a special convolution kernel, and accurately extracting target features.

The embodiment of the invention provides a chip atomic clock based on a speed grating spectrum and an implementation method. Comprising a multi-frequency coherent laser source, a quarter-wave plate, an atomic gas chamber, a photoelectric detector, a band-pass filter, a microwave modulation and demodulation module, a crystal oscillator, a phase-locked loop module, a bias-tree module, a DC modulation and demodulation module and a servo control module. The multi-frequency coherent laser source is sequentially connected with the quarter-wave plate, the atomic gas chamber, the photoelectric detector and the band-pass filter, the first output end of the band-pass filter is sequentially connected with the microwave modulation and demodulation module, the crystal oscillator and the phase-locked loop module, and meanwhile the microwave modulation and demodulation module is connected with the phase-locked loop module. And the second output end of the band-pass filter is connected with the DC modulation-demodulation module and the servo control module in sequence. And the bias-tree module is connected with the servo control module and the phase-locked loop module and feeds back a coupled signal to the multi-frequency coherent laser source so as to complete whole clock locking. The atomic clock is used for achieving the effect of improving the spectral line signal-to-noise ratio.

An optical frequency generation system (100), comprising: - reference atoms (7) in a gas phase, - an interrogation laser source (1) configured to emit an interrogation signal (101) comprising a first optical frequency suitable for exciting a two-photon transition in said reference atoms (7), said interrogation signal (101) being configured to interact with said reference atoms (7) in a Doppler-free scheme; - optical frequency modulation means (31, 31a, 31b) configured to adjust said first optical frequency and to modulate said first optical frequency at a first modulation frequency f1; - an optical sensor (9) configured to detect a fluorescence signal (110) from said reference atoms (7); - a first control loop (10) configured to lock said first optical frequency to a resonance frequency of said two-photon transition, said fluorescence signal (110) being input into the first control loop (10); - a mitigation laser source (2) configured to emit a mitigation signal (102) comprising a second optical frequency selected to produce a light-shift of said two-photon transition of opposite sign of the light-shift produced by the interrogation signal (101); characterized in that the optical frequency generation system (100) further comprises: - optical amplitude modulation means (5) configured to modulate the amplitude of the interrogation signal (101) and of the mitigation signal (102) at a second modulation frequency f2, and - a second control loop (20) configured to adjust the relative amplitude of the mitigation signal (102) with respect to the interrogation signal (101) such as to cancel the effective light-shift of the combined interrogation (101) and mitigation (102) signals.

Provided is an interposer comprising: one or more photonic waveguide; one or more microwave circuit; one or more optical interconnect; and one or more electronic interconnect, further configured to support a quantum sensor, and methods of operating and fabricating thereof. Further provided is a the interposer containing one or more classical sensors. Further provided is a network of quantum sensors supported by said interposers.

The utility model relates to the technical field of chip atomic clocks, particularly provides a micro physical system of a chip atomic clock, and aims to solve the problem that the light transmittance is affected due to the fact that a light-transmitting window of an air chamber of a chip atomic clock in the prior art is easy to pollute. In order to achieve the purpose, the miniature physical system comprises a shielding unit, a magnetic field assembly, a vacuum unit and a center assembly, and the shielding unit is provided with a shielding cavity; the magnetic field assembly sleeves the vacuum unit, and the vacuum unit is provided with a vacuum cavity; the center assembly is arranged in the vacuum cavity and comprises a heating piece, a heat transfer cylinder and an air chamber which are sequentially stacked, a receding notch is formed in the side wall of the heat transfer cylinder, and at least part of the air chamber is arranged outside the heat transfer cylinder through the receding notch. By means of the scheme, steam in the air chamber can be condensed in the air chamber outside the cylinder, the light-transmitting area of the air chamber is avoided, and the problem that the light transmittance is affected due to the fact that the steam is condensed on the light-transmitting face of the air chamber is solved.

The invention discloses a distributed radar time-frequency synchronization and transmit-receive coherent method and system, and belongs to the technical field of radars. The method comprises the following steps: connecting each transmitting station and each receiving station of the distributed radar with a synchronization device, wherein the synchronization device comprises timing system equipment, an atomic clock and wireless communication equipment; the distributed radar receives working parameters issued by the wireless communication center controller to the distributed radar by using the wireless communication equipment; according to the working parameters, the transmitting station starts to transmit a radar signal after receiving a trigger synchronization signal of the timing system equipment, and the receiving station starts to collect an echo signal based on a local oscillator signal after receiving the trigger synchronization signal of the timing system equipment; the radar signal and the local oscillator signal are both generated based on the connected atomic clock as a reference clock. According to the invention, time-frequency synchronization and transmit-receive coherence of the distributed radar can be realized by using the synchronization device, limitation of space wired connection is avoided, and the construction cost of the distributed radar is reduced.

The invention discloses a Beidou PTP master clock device based on chip atomic clock timekeeping, which integrates a chip atomic clock and a Beidou satellite time service signal, and comprises the following steps: firstly, receiving a Beidou satellite signal through a satellite receiving module, and generating an accurate 1PPS signal, a TOD signal and a 10MHz frequency signal based on the satellite signal; high-precision time-frequency reference is provided for equipment, and the problem that clock precision is insufficient in a traditional clock synchronization system is solved through the design. Secondly, the first clock board and the second clock board carry chip atomic clocks, and the high stability and low power consumption characteristics of the chip atomic clocks enable the equipment to maintain high precision of clock signals during long-time operation, so that clock errors caused by crystal oscillator frequency drift and aging in a traditional system are avoided. Moreover, the communication core board is connected with the upper computer, so that instructions can be received in real time, and the clock board and the logic control board can be controlled to work, and therefore, the system can quickly respond to the instructions of the upper computer, and accurate time control can be realized.

In a general aspect, a quantum spectrum sensing system is presented. In some implementations, a system includes a laser system, a vapor cell sensor, an optical detector, and a signal processing system. The laser system includes a first laser that generates a first laser signal; a comb generator that produces a frequency comb signal based on the first laser signal; and a second laser generates a second laser signal. The vapor cell sensor includes a vapor and receives input optical signals based on the frequency comb signal and the second laser signal. The vapor cell sensor produces output optical signals based on interactions of the vapor with the input optical signals and electromagnetic radiation. The signal processing system processes the output optical signals to identifying signals in the electromagnetic radiation that are off resonance with a transition frequency between Rydberg states of the vapor.

The invention relates to a low-temperature action zone device for an ultralow-temperature cesium atom fountain clock, which is characterized in that a liquid nitrogen Dewar flask is hung in a vacuum cylinder through a plurality of hanging pipes, a cold shield is arranged between the vacuum cylinder and the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask, and a microwave cavity assembly is arranged in the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask; the liquid supplementing and refrigerating device is positioned above the vacuum cylinder, is connected with the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask through a liquid nitrogen pipeline and is used for filling liquid nitrogen into the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask. The hoisting structure of the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask is combined with the automatic liquid supplementing system of the liquid supplementing refrigeration device, so that the temperature stability of a low-temperature action area is improved, and the accurate control of a low-temperature environment is realized. Liquid nitrogen is automatically supplemented through the liquid supplementing refrigeration device, temperature fluctuation caused by manual operation is avoided, and meanwhile accurate tuning of the resonant frequency of the microwave cavity is ensured. And a hoisting structure is combined with a cold shield, so that heat exchange between a low-temperature action area and a normal-temperature system is effectively isolated, heat loss is avoided, and the temperature stability is remarkably improved.

An atomic object confined in a particular region of an atomic object confinement apparatus is cooled using an S-to-P-to-D EIT cooling operation. A controller associated with the atomic object confinement apparatus controls first and second manipulation sources to respectively provide first and second manipulation signals to the particular region. The first manipulation signal is characterized by a first wavelength corresponding to a transition between an S manifold and a P manifold of a first component of the atomic object and detuned from the S-to-P transition by a first detuning. The second manipulation signal is characterized by a second wavelength corresponding to a transition between the P manifold and a D manifold of the first component and detuned from the P-to-D transition by a second detuning. The first and second detunings selected to establish a dark state associated with a two-photon transition between the S manifold and the D manifold.

The invention discloses a ka lman filtering time scale establishment method considering abnormal data, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a time difference measurement value sequence of an atomic clock group, carrying out the processing of the time difference measurement value sequence, and obtaining the atomic clock state variable calculation information of all epochs in the time difference measurement value sequence, and calibrating any single timekeeping clock by using the atomic clock state variable resolving information to obtain a calibrated time scale. Compared with an existing time scale algorithm, the algorithm can directly eliminate influences of atomic clock time difference observation data interruption and abnormal conditions on the time scale, the generated time scale is continuous, and the stability is not affected.

An apparatus for maintaining accurate timekeeping in an atomic clock during holdover is presented. The apparatus comprises data acquisition circuitry configured to store historical clock data; and receive environment data. The apparatus comprises processing circuitry configured with a predictive algorithm, the predictive algorithm configured to analyze a combination of historical clock data, environment data, and real-time clock data; and estimate a future drift in a frequency of the atomic clock at a future time point based on analysis of the combination of historical clock data, environment data, and real-time clock data. The apparatus further comprises control circuitry configured to adjust the frequency of the atomic clock based on the estimated future drift of the frequency of the atomic clock.

The invention relates to the field of pulsar timing navigation and the field of autonomous time keeping of spacecrafts, and discloses a method, device and equipment for controlling a satellite-borne atomic clock and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: calculating a clock difference observation value of a target atomic clock carried by a satellite based on observation data of electromagnetic waves emitted by the satellite to a target pulsar; constructing a Gaussian process model based on the clock difference characteristic of the atomic clock; training the Gaussian process model based on the clock difference observation value of the target atomic clock; estimating the clock error of the target atomic clock by using the trained Gaussian process model; and performing clock difference compensation on the target atomic clock based on the clock difference of the target atomic clock. By adopting the method, real-time and high-precision clock error control of the satellite-borne atomic clock can be realized.

An atomic oscillator of the present disclosure includes: a gas cell in which an alkali metal atom is encapsulated; a light generating unit emitting emission light onto the gas cell; a light detecting unit detecting transmitted light passed through the gas cell; and a control device determining a resonance frequency of the emission light based on a light amount of the detected transmitted light. The control device stores correspondence information in which a feature value of a transmitted light spectrum is associated with a state of the emission light, performs estimation processing to extract the feature value of the transmitted light spectrum from the detected transmitted light and estimate the state of the emission light corresponding to the extracted feature value of the transmitted light spectrum based on the correspondence information, and controls an emission state of the emission light based on the estimated state of the emission light.

In a general aspect, a quantum spectrum sensing system is presented. In some implementations, a quantum spectrum sensing system includes a laser system, a vapor cell sensor, and an optical detector. The laser system includes first and second lasers configured to generate a first and second laser signals. The laser system also includes first and second comb generators configured to produce first and second frequency comb signals based on the first and second laser signals, respectively. The laser system includes a frequency separator that can select frequency components of the second frequency comb signal and a frequency shifter that can shift the selected frequency components toward Rydberg states of a vapor. The vapor cell sensor can receive input optical signals from the laser system and produce output optical signals based on interactions of the vapor with the input optical signals. The optical detector can detect the output optical signals.

The invention relates to a three-dimensional integrated complete machine system of a chip-scale atomic clock. The device comprises an energy supply battery, a crystal oscillator and a stacking base which are arranged on a PCB (Printed Circuit Board), an integrated stacking assembly and a stacking upper cover are sequentially arranged on a stacking base, the integrated stacking assembly is of a hollow structure, the stacking base, the integrated stacking assembly and the stacking upper cover are stacked to form a stacking base body structure with a cavity, and a chip-level atomic clock physical system is placed in the cavity of the stacking base body. A magnetic isolation material layer is arranged on the surface of an inner cavity of the stacking base body, and IC chips and protective shells are arranged on the four surfaces of the outer side of the stacking base body. Electrical three-dimensional transmission is carried out in the stacked substrate through the through hole structure filled with the copper columns and the rewiring layer, and mutual communication among the PCB, the physical system and the IC chip is achieved. And three-dimensional integration of the atomic clock complete machine system structure is realized.

According to the packaging method for the chip atomic clock physical system, the getter with the low activation temperature and the solder ring with the high heat sealing temperature are selected, meanwhile, the temperature gradient with the degassing temperature, the getter activation temperature and the vacuum heat sealing temperature rising in sequence is designed, the getter is deposited on the inner wall of the ceramic cap through the chemical vapor deposition technology, and the chip atomic clock physical system is obtained. The integrated structure of the ceramic cap and the getter is formed, the adsorption area is increased through the full-coverage design of the getter, in the out-of-furnace assembly link, the photoelectric component is fixed through a preset bearing area of the ceramic base, the solder ring is limited through an edge sealing area, and the alignment deviation is detected and adjusted in cooperation with an assembly clamp for positioning and a detection tool for detecting and adjusting. The system to be packaged is ensured to be accurately aligned before entering the furnace, part dislocation caused by view limitation in traditional in-furnace assembly is avoided, the comprehensive effects of equipment demand reduction, production efficiency improvement and packaging precision improvement are finally achieved, and it is ensured that the frequency stability and the service cycle of the chip atomic clock meet the use demand.

A silicon-based atomic clock for use in an electronic device structured to employ spin-dependent recombination in the silicon crystal. In at last one implementation, a source of energy configured to excite the impurity atoms within the silicon crystal includes a source of thermal energy but not a source of light or a source of broadband light that is not matched to said energy level transition of the impurity atoms.

In a general aspect, antirelaxation coatings are disclosed for coating the interior surfaces of vapor cells. In certain aspects, a vapor cell includes a dielectric body having interior and exterior surfaces. The interior surface defines a cavity in the dielectric body, and the exterior surface defines an opening to the cavity. The vapor cell also includes an antirelaxation coating that is disposed on the interior surface of the dielectric body and includes an organosilane material. The vapor cell additionally includes a vapor or a source of vapor residing in the cavity as well as an optical window that covers the opening to the cavity. The optical window has a surface bonded to the exterior surface of the dielectric body to form a seal around the opening. The vapor or the source of vapor includes alkali metal atoms.