819results about "Optical fibre with multilayer core/cladding" patented technology

A hollow-core optical fiber with a crescent-shaped fiber core. The optical fiber comprises a crescent-shaped air fiber core (1) and a cladding microstructure region (2), wherein the cladding structure of the optical fiber uses a multi-tubular structure; the crescent-shaped fiber core is located between the outer side of an inner tube and the inner side of an outer tube of the cladding microstructure region (2), thereby forming a crescent-shaped structure; and an inner layer (21) of the cladding microstructure region (2) consists of a plurality of air layers (23) and tubular structures, and an outer layer (22) of the cladding microstructure region (2) also consists of a plurality of air layers (23) and tubular structures. By means of adjusting the size of the air layers and the wall thickness of the tubular structures, anti-resonant light guiding can be realized. The hollow-core optical fiber with a crescent-shaped fiber core has advantages such as an ultra-low transmission loss, a wide light-guide passband, polarization maintenance and an adjustable mode, and is suitable for applications in the fields of optical communications, fiber-optic gyroscopes, etc.

The invention relates to a hollow-core optical fiber and an optical cable. The hollow-core optical fiber comprises a cladding region and a fiber core region, the cladding region comprises an outer cladding and an anti-resonance layer which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside; the fiber core region comprises a region surrounded by the boundaries of the anti-resonance layer and the outer cladding layer; wherein the anti-resonance layer comprises a plurality of nesting units which are rotationally and symmetrically distributed, each nesting unit comprises a first nesting ring and a second nesting ring nested in the first nesting ring, the first nesting ring is connected to the inner wall of the outer cladding at a first arc length, and the second nesting ring is connected to the inner wall of the outer cladding at a second arc length. And the second nesting ring is connected to the inner wall of the first nesting ring at a second arc length at a position where the first nesting ring is connected to the inner wall of the outer cladding. According to the invention, the problem that the nested ring structure of the hollow-core optical fiber is poor in stability and is easily affected by external stress to deform in the prior art can be solved.

The invention provides a low-loss hollow-core optical fiber and a preparation method thereof. The hollow-core optical fiber comprises an outer cladding, and a plurality of anti-resonance units and a plurality of cladding supplementing units which are connected to the inner wall of the outer cladding, the anti-resonance units are evenly distributed along the inner wall of the outer cladding at equal intervals, the cladding supplement units are arranged between the adjacent anti-resonance units, and the anti-resonance units surround to form a fiber core area in the outer cladding. The anti-resonance unit comprises an outer anti-resonance tube, a first inner anti-resonance tube, a second inner anti-resonance tube and a substrate; the opening of the substrate faces the center of the outer cladding layer and is tightly attached to the inner wall of the outer cladding layer; the cross sections of the outer anti-resonance tube and the first inner anti-resonance tube are arc-shaped, the openings face the substrate, and the two ends are connected to the two ends of the substrate; the second internal anti-resonance tube is connected to the inner wall of the substrate; the cladding supplementing unit is of a circular or arc-shaped structure. In the drawing process of the optical fiber, the anti-resonance unit of the hollow-core optical fiber has good structural stability.

The invention discloses a flexible force-induced luminescence microstructure optical waveguide and a preparation method thereof. The flexible mechanoluminescence microstructure optical waveguide comprises an inner-layer fiber core, n mechanoluminescence composite blocks tightly attached to the inner-layer fiber core, a wrapping layer wrapping the inner-layer fiber core and the n mechanoluminescence composite blocks, and a protection layer coating the surface of the wrapping layer. The n mechanoluminescence composite blocks generate fluorescence signals with different colors under the action of external stress, the fluorescence signals are collected through the inner-layer fiber core and the cladding of the optical waveguide and are transmitted to a far end along the inner-layer fiber core to be detected and demodulated, the sensing section corresponding to stress is determined through the demodulated color, and the corresponding stress is determined through the luminous intensity. The composite material is good in biocompatibility, integrates sensing and transmission functions, and can be used in human body wearable equipment. According to the preparation method, different structures can be prepared in the optical waveguide layer by layer in a mode of customizing different molds, and different purposes are met by integrating different materials.

The present application relates to the field of optical fiber technology, and in particular to a rare earth-doped antiresonant hollow core optical fiber. The rare earth-doped antiresonant hollow core optical fiber comprises a cladding and a plurality of antiresonant tubes, wherein the cladding comprises a first refraction tube and a rare earth-doped tube sleeved on the first refraction tube; each antiresonant tube is sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the first refraction tube at intervals, and each antiresonant tube together forms a core region, which is used to transmit laser; the rare earth-doped tube is used to amplify the laser, and the first refraction tube is used to couple the amplified laser into the core region. The rare earth-doped antiresonant hollow core optical fiber provided by the present application can achieve laser gain and reduce the possibility of mode instability during laser transmission.

The invention relates to an azimuth-angle-controllable anti-resonance hollow-core optical fiber and a preparation method thereof.The azimuth-angle-controllable anti-resonance hollow-core optical fiber comprises an outer cladding and an inner cladding, the inner cladding is composed of nested structure units, and the nested structure units are arranged in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the outer cladding at intervals to form an air fiber core in the middle of an inner cavity; a filling layer is arranged between the inner wall of the outer wrapping layer and the nested structure units, the filling layer is formed by tightly arranging capillary tubes around the inner wall of the outer wrapping layer, and the nested structure units are located at the adjacent positions of the capillary tubes of the filling layer, or between the capillary tubes and the capillary rods, or between the capillary rods. In the optical fiber drawing process, the size of the capillary tube of the filling layer is adjusted in real time through pressure regulation, so that the azimuth angle of the nested structure unit is adjusted, the azimuth angle deviation of the nested structure unit is conveniently controlled on line, each nested structure unit is finally and accurately positioned in the inner cladding layer, and the transmission loss of the hollow-core optical fiber is reduced.

The invention relates to the technical field of special optical fibers, in particular to a polarization-maintaining hollow-core anti-resonance optical fiber which comprises an outer cladding, an inner cladding, a fiber core, a first-class anti-resonance unit and a second-class anti-resonance unit. The inner cladding is arranged in the outer cladding, and the fiber core, the first-class anti-resonance unit and the second-class anti-resonance unit are arranged in the inner cladding; the first-class anti-resonance unit does not comprise a coupling thin wall, the second-class anti-resonance unit is provided with a coupling thin wall close to the fiber core side, and the coupling thin walls are two thin walls which are extremely close to each other and are not in contact with each other. According to the invention, high birefringence and broadband low transmission loss can be realized at the same time.

A multicore optical fiber (MCF) according to one embodiment of the present invention enables stable core identification. The MCF comprises a glass optical fiber and a resin coating. The glass optical fiber includes a plurality of cores, a marker, and cladding. On a cross-section of the MCF, the arrangement of the centers of the cores and the center of the marker has no rotational symmetry with respect to the center of the cross-section. The cladding includes an inner cladding that surrounds the cores and the marker, and an outer cladding that is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the inner cladding and has a refractive index higher than that of the inner cladding.

The invention discloses a multi-core all-solid-state anti-resonance optical fiber and a multi-wavelength optical fiber laser system. The multi-core all-solid-state anti-resonance optical fiber comprises an inner cladding area, at least two fiber core structures arranged in the inner cladding area and an outer cladding area or a coating layer area arranged on the periphery of the inner cladding area. Each fiber core structure comprises a fiber core area and an anti-resonance area, the anti-resonance area is composed of at least one capillary tube group, each capillary tube group comprises a plurality of capillary tubes, and the capillary tubes in each capillary tube group are annularly arranged on the periphery of the fiber core area by taking the fiber core area as the center; the optical fiber matrixes filled in the capillaries in the anti-resonance area are the same, and the refractive index of the anti-resonance area is n3gt; the refractive index n2 of the inner cladding region is equal to the refractive index n1gt of the fiber core region; and the refractive index of the outer cladding region or the coating layer region is n4. The optical fiber provided by the invention is beneficial to high-density integration of a fiber core structure in a multi-core optical fiber, has a large mode field area and a high-order mode rejection ratio, and gives consideration to both high power and high light beam quality.

The invention belongs to the technical field of optical fiber manufacturing, and discloses a self-marking type anti-resonance hollow-core optical fiber and a preparation method thereof. The self-marking type anti-resonance hollow-core optical fiber comprises a cladding sleeve, a cladding anti-resonance group and a self-marking unit, the cladding anti-resonance group is fixed on the inner wall of the cladding sleeve; the self-marking unit is positioned in the cladding sleeve, so that at least one cladding anti-resonance group is distinguished from other cladding anti-resonance groups; and a central region defined by the cladding anti-resonance group is a fiber core. According to the self-marking type anti-resonance hollow-core optical fiber, the cladding anti-resonance group in the anti-resonance hollow-core optical fiber can be quickly identified in the wire drawing process, the size of the cladding anti-resonance group can be conveniently regulated and controlled on line, and the transmission performance of the anti-resonance hollow-core optical fiber is not influenced.

The invention discloses a heterogeneous three-core anti-resonance optical fiber for transmission from visible light to intermediate infrared light, and belongs to the technical field of optical fiber communication. The heterogeneous three-core anti-resonance optical fiber comprises an outer cladding layer from outside to inside along the diameter of the optical fiber, a first inner cladding layer, a second inner cladding layer and a third inner cladding layer are arranged in the outer cladding layer, and a plurality of nesting pipe assemblies with the same structure are arranged in the first inner cladding layer, the second inner cladding layer and the third inner cladding layer at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. An upper air fiber core area, a lower left hollow fiber core area and a lower right air fiber core area are defined by the nesting pipe assembly. The upper air fiber core area, the lower left air fiber core area and the lower right air fiber core area respectively work in a 4m wave band, a 2m wave band and a 1m wave band, have extremely low limiting loss in the three working wave bands, and have good bending resistance performance at the same time.

The invention relates to an ultra-low-loss large-effective-area single-mode optical fiber, which comprises core layers and a cladding layer, and is characterized in that the core layer has two layers, the first core layer is the centermost core layer, the radius R1 of the first core layer is 1-2.5 microns, the relative refractive index difference delta n1 of the first core layer is 0.04-0.12%, the second core layer is arranged outside the first core layer, the radius R2 of the second core layer is 3.5-6.5 microns, the relative refractive index difference delta n2 of the second core layer is 0.08-0.12%, and the cladding layer is arranged outside the second core layer. The cladding layer comprises an inner cladding layer and an outer cladding layer, the inner cladding layer is a fluorine-doped silicon dioxide glass layer, the radius R3 of the inner cladding layer is 25-45 microns, the relative refractive index difference delta n3 of the inner cladding layer is-0.32%--0.20%, delta n2-delta n3 is larger than or equal to 0.32, the radius R4 of the outer cladding layer is 62.5 microns, the relative refractive index difference delta n4 of the outer cladding layer is-0.18%--0.10%, and delta n4-delta n3 is larger than or equal to 0. By optimizing the core cladding structure of the optical fiber, the attenuation is further reduced while the optical fiber has a relatively large effective area.

The invention relates to an ultra-small-outer-diameter low-attenuation bending-resistant single-mode optical fiber which comprises a core layer and cladding layers, the relative refractive index difference n1 of the core layer ranges from 0.3% to 0.5%, the diameter D1 of the core layer ranges from 7 micrometers to 9 micrometers, the cladding layer sequentially comprises an inner cladding layer, a sunken cladding layer and an outer cladding layer from inside to outside, the inner cladding layer is a transition layer between the core layer and the sunken cladding layer, and the outer cladding layer is a transition layer between the core layer and the sunken cladding layer. The relative refractive index difference is gradually decreased from inside to outside, the relative refractive index difference n2 is-0.01-0.05%, the diameter D2 is 14-18 [mu] m, the relative refractive index difference n3 of the sunken cladding layer is-0.2--0.4%, the diameter D3 is 28-34 [mu] m, the outer cladding layer is a pure silica glass layer, the relative refractive index difference n4 is 0, and the diameter D4 is 79-81 [mu] m. According to the invention, the optical cable with the same volume can accommodate more fibers. By optimizing the section design of the optical fiber and the physicochemical properties of the coating layer, the bending performance, mechanical performance and optical transmission performance of the optical fiber can be effectively ensured, and the same communication performance as that of a fiber with a conventional wire diameter of 125 microns can be achieved.

The invention relates to a low-loss hollow-core optical fiber and application, the low-loss hollow-core optical fiber comprises an outer cladding and an inner cladding, the inner cladding is composed of anti-resonance structure units, the anti-resonance structure units are arranged in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the outer cladding and are connected with the inner wall of the outer cladding, a fiber core is formed by a central cavity wrapped by the inner cladding, and the fiber core is connected with the inner cladding. The filter is characterized in that each anti-resonance structure unit comprises four or more than four layers of circular anti-resonance tubes with different radiuses, and an outer anti-resonance tube of each anti-resonance structure unit is tangent to the inner wall of the outer cladding; every two adjacent circular anti-resonance tubes are tangent in sequence, and the positions of all tangent points are alternately switched from outside to inside on the side away from the geometric center of the fiber core and on the side close to the geometric center of the fiber core. In the structure of the optical fiber, transmitted light is effectively limited in the fiber core for low-loss transmission by the multi-layer anti-resonance glass layer and the air area contained in the inner cladding; the number of reflecting surfaces in the inner cladding layer is increased by arranging the four layers of glass nested tubes, and the loss of the hollow-core optical fiber is reduced.

The invention discloses a cladding light stripper, a manufacturing method thereof and an optical fiber laser, and relates to the technical field of cladding light strippers, the cladding light stripper comprises a double-cladding optical fiber assembly and a three-cladding bare fiber, the double-cladding optical fiber assembly comprises two sections of double-cladding optical fibers, each double-cladding optical fiber comprises a double-cladding bare fiber and a coating layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside in a sleeved mode, and the three-cladding bare fiber is arranged between the double-cladding bare fiber and the coating layer. The double-cladding bare fiber extends out of the coating layer; the number of the three-cladding bare fibers is multiple sections, the multiple sections of three-cladding bare fibers are sequentially welded to form a main body, the two sections of double-cladding optical fibers are welded to the two ends of the main body through the double-cladding bare fibers respectively, and a stripper is formed on the main body. According to the cladding light stripper, on the premise that the original advantages of a double-cladding optical fiber and a three-cladding bare fiber are kept, multiple sections of three-cladding bare fibers are adopted to manufacture the stripper, so that the situation that a certain section of three-cladding bare fiber bears high power for a long time to generate local hot spots can be prevented, and the cladding light stripping capacity of the cladding light stripper is greatly improved.

An optical fiber or a preform from which the fiber may be drawn may include an outer cladding layer, an inner cladding layer, a first core, and a second core. Each core may be in contact with at least the inner cladding layer and under frozen-in compressive axial stress. The refractive index of the inner cladding layer may be less than the refractive index of the outer cladding layer.

The invention provides a small-diameter low-loss optical fiber, and relates to the technical field of optical communication. The small-diameter low-loss optical fiber comprises a core layer, and the value range of the relative refractive index difference delta n1 of the core layer is 0.35%-0.65%. The wrapping layer wraps the outer side of the core layer; wherein the cladding comprises a first platform layer wrapping the core layer, the relative refractive index difference of the first platform layer is # imgabs0 #, r1 is the radius of the core layer, r2 is the radius of the first platform layer, delta n2 is the relative refractive index difference of the inner surface of the first platform layer, and delta n3 is the relative refractive index difference of the outer surface of the first platform layer; the first platform layer is wrapped with the sunken layer, and the numerical value range of the relative refractive index difference delta n4 of the sunken layer is-0.4%-0.6%. According to the small-diameter low-loss optical fiber provided by the invention, the strength of the optical fiber is remarkably improved and the overall performance of the optical fiber is optimized under the condition that the small size is maintained.

Disclosed in the present invention is a radiation-insensitive single-mode optical fiber, comprising a core, a first cladding, and a second cladding which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, or comprising a core, a first buffer layer, a first cladding, a second buffer layer, and a second cladding which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside. The core, the first buffer layer, the first cladding, the second buffer layer, and the second cladding are all made of quartz glass doped with a cerium element, an aluminum element, and a fluorine element. The contents of the cerium element, the aluminum element, and the fluorine element are constant in the radial directions of the core, the first cladding, and the second cladding, respectively, and linearly vary in the first buffer layer and the second buffer layer, respectively. In the present invention, by regulating and controlling the contents of the cerium element, the aluminum element, and the fluorine element in the core, the first cladding, and the second cladding of the optical fiber, the stress distribution of the optical fiber is optimized, the residual stress is reduced, and the generation of fatigue bonds and wire drawing defects in the optical fiber is reduced, thereby improving the radiation resistance of the optical fiber.

The invention belongs to the technical field of hollow-core anti-resonance optical fiber polarization filters, and relates to a hollow-core anti-resonance optical fiber polarization filter based on the SPR effect, an optical fiber comprises six cladding tubes, the six cladding tubes are arranged in a circumferential array, and the circumscribed circle parts of the six cladding tubes are fiber cores; a nesting tube is eccentrically arranged in each cladding tube, the nesting tube is internally tangent to the cladding tube, and the tangent point is the farthest distance from the center of the fiber core; one-third arc sections, close to the fiber core, of the inner walls of the two cladding tubes in the y-axis direction are coated with gold films; six cladding tubes of the optical fiber are tangent to the inner wall of the outer supporting tube. The outermost layer is arranged to be a perfect matching layer and connected with the outer supporting pipe. The hollow-core anti-resonance optical fiber polarization filter based on the SPR effect has the advantages of being simple in process, better in filter performance, easy to control structural parameters and the like.

The embodiment of the invention provides an anti-bending optical fiber and a production process thereof, and relates to the technical field of optical fibers. The first wrapping layer wraps the core layer; the gradient layer wraps the first wrapping layer; the second wrapping layer wraps the gradient layer; and the refractive indexes of the core layer, the first cladding, the gradient layer and the second cladding are gradually reduced in sequence. According to the bending-resistant optical fiber and the production process thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention, the problem of relatively large bending loss of the optical fiber in the prior art is solved.

The invention discloses a large-mode-field active optical fiber convenient to prepare. The optical fiber comprises an active fiber core region and a cladding region, luminescent rare earth ions are doped in the active fiber core area; the cladding area comprises an inner cladding area and an outer cladding area, and the inner cladding area is composed of a passive background material area and double-layer nested capillary tubes which are distributed around the active fiber core area and meet the thickness of the anti-resonance condition; the double-layer nested capillary tube comprises an inner-layer capillary tube and an outer-layer capillary tube, and the distance between the outer wall of the inner-layer capillary tube and the inner wall of the outer-layer capillary tube meets the resonance condition of an LP11 mode in an active fiber core area; the outer cladding area surrounds the inner cladding area, and pump light is limited to be transmitted in the inner cladding area and the fiber core area. The refractive index difference value between the fiber core area and the background area is increased, optical fiber preparation is facilitated, and laser mode characteristic degradation caused by active fiber core area thermally-induced refractive index change under the high-power condition is effectively restrained.

The invention relates to a low-loss hollow-core optical fiber with different cladding nested anti-resonance tube wall thicknesses and application, the low-loss hollow-core optical fiber comprises an outer cladding and an inner cladding, the inner cladding is composed of anti-resonance structure units, the anti-resonance structure units are arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the outer cladding and are connected with the inner wall of the outer cladding, and the anti-resonance structure units are connected with the inner wall of the outer cladding. The optical fiber is characterized in that the anti-resonance structure unit comprises at least two layers of anti-resonance tubes with different radiuses and different thicknesses, and the thicknesses of the anti-resonance tubes are sequentially increased from outside to inside. According to the invention, by setting the relationship that the thicknesses of the anti-resonance tubes are gradually increased from outside to inside, the low-loss light guide characteristic of the hollow-core optical fiber is maintained, the influence on the low-loss bandwidth range is small, the tolerance of the hollow-core optical fiber to the manufacturing tolerance is finally effectively improved, and the manufacturing difficulty of the hollow-core optical fiber is reduced.

An optical fiber may include a cladding structure extending along a fiber length providing a hollow interior fiber region, and anti-resonant (AR) elements formed as walled structures with walls extending along the fiber length. At least one of the AR elements surrounds an interior region and further includes one or more support structures in the interior region and formed as at least a portion of at least one of the walls, where the one or more support structures have a non-uniform thickness profile, and where the plurality AR elements is configured to guide light along the fiber length in a central portion of the hollow interior fiber region based on optical anti-resonance.

The invention discloses a mechanoluminescence optical fiber, a preparation method thereof and a distributed stress sensing system, and relates to the technical field of mechanoluminescence. The mechanoluminescence optical fiber is of a three-layer coaxial cylindrical structure and sequentially comprises a mechanoluminescence core layer, a light transmission cladding layer and a low-refractive-index coating layer from inside to outside. Wherein the mechanoluminescence core layer is a cylinder prepared from polymethyl methacrylate and mechanoluminescence powder, the light transmission cladding is a polymethyl methacrylate layer and wraps the mechanoluminescence core layer, and the low-refractive-index coating layer is low-refractive-index glue; the mechanoluminescence core layer generates an optical signal under the action of an external force, and a part of the optical signal is captured by a waveguide formed by the optical transmission cladding and the low-refractive-index coating layer and is transmitted along the optical transmission cladding. According to the invention, a double-cladding optical fiber structure in which the core layer emits light and the first cladding layer transmits is adopted, so that effective collection and transmission of optical signals are realized.

A polarization-maintaining fiber may include a core region having a radius R1, a trench region having an inner radius R2 and an outer radius R3, and a fiber radius R4, and two stress regions symmetrically located in an annular region having an inside radius R5 and an outside radius R6. The inner radius R2 of the trench region may be less than or equal to the inside radius R5 of the annular region.

The invention provides a heterogeneous dual-core optical fiber SPR (Surface Plasmon Resonance) microfluidic chip system for biochemical detection. The system is characterized by comprising a heterogeneous dual-core optical fiber 1, a dual-core optical fiber movable connector 2, a dual-core optical fiber SPR probe 3, a microfluidic chip 4, a dual-core optical fiber fan-in and fan-out device 5, a double-clad optical fiber 6, a large-core-diameter optical fiber 7, a spectrograph 8, a light source 9 and the like, wherein the double-core optical fiber 1 comprises a middle single-mode fiber core and a biased multi-mode fiber core, the end face of the single-mode fiber core is subjected to inclined grinding and plated with a gold film for exciting the surface plasma resonance effect, the end face of the multi-mode fiber core collects SPR reflected light signals through a secondary reflection inclined plane, and the double-core optical fiber SPR probe 3 is embedded into the micro-flow chip 4. The device has the advantages of high sensitivity, low loss and multi-channel detection, and can be widely applied to the fields of biochemical detection, environmental monitoring, precision medical treatment and the like.

A plastic scintillating fiber includes: a core containing a transparent resin having scintillating properties and at least one type of fluorescent substance that absorbs the scintillation light and converts the absorbed light into light having a wavelength longer than that of the absorbed light; a cladding layer covering an outer peripheral surface of the core and having a refractive index lower than that of the core; and an outermost peripheral layer covering an outer peripheral surface of the cladding layer and containing a compound of a heavy metal element. The core, the cladding layer, and the outermost peripheral layer are integrally formed.

The present application provides a low-loss single-mode optical fiber, which relates to the technical field of communication optical fibers and is used for solving a technical problem of high attenuation of single-mode optical fibers. The low-loss single-mode optical fiber comprises a core layer and a cladding layer surrounding the core layer, wherein the core layer comprises an inner core layer and an outer core layer, the inner core layer is doped with P and GeO2, and the outer core layer is doped with F, P and GeO2. By adjusting the elements doped in the inner core layer and the outer core layer, Rayleigh scattering and the attenuation coefficient of the optical fiber are reduced, so the optical fiber has lower attenuation loss and a better bending resistance property on the premise that all properties of the optical fiber are compatible with international standards.

The invention discloses a low-loss spiral hollow-core anti-resonance optical fiber design. The structure of the optical fiber is divided into a hollow-core fiber core area, a cladding area and an outer sleeve area in sequence from inside to outside; the cladding area is formed by arranging a plurality of spiral anti-resonance structure units in the angular direction along the inner boundary of the outer sleeve area, each spiral anti-resonance structure unit is composed of a spiral glass wall with the wall thickness t, and on one hand, the spiral glass walls can provide multiple effective glass anti-resonance layers under the condition that additional nodes are not introduced; and the limiting loss of the optical fiber can be greatly reduced. According to the invention, multiple anti-resonance layers are introduced without introducing additional nodes, so that low-loss transmission can be realized, and meanwhile, the waveguide performance optimization potential is very high, and the waveguide has a very great application prospect in the application fields of communication, sensing, energy transmission and the like.