452 results about "Transmission properties" patented technology

Methods and apparatus for supporting and using multiple communications channels corresponding to different transmit technologies and/or access technologies in parallel within a cell of a wireless communications system are described. Mobile nodes support multiple technologies and can switch between the technology being used at a particular point in time, e.g., from a first channel corresponding to a first technology to a second channel corresponding to a different technology which provides better transmission characteristics, e.g., a better perceived channel quality. Mobiles maintain at least two sets of channel quality information at any one point in time. Mobiles select the better channel and communicate the channel selection to the base station or communicate channel quality information for multiple channels to the basestation and allow the base station to select the channel corresponding to the technology providing the better conditions for the mobile. Different mobiles in the same cell may support different technologies.

A free-space communication transceiver includes a telescope for transmitting and receiving laser beams, a tunable laser transmitter for generating a transmit laser beam modulated with data, a tunable optical receiver for processing a receive laser beam received from the telescope to recover data, and a tunable beamsplitter that directs the transmit laser beam to the telescope and directs the receive laser beam from the telescope to the optical receiver. Between the telescope and beamsplitter, the transmit and receive laser beams travel along a common optical axis as collinear collimated free-space beams. The transmit and receive laser beams operate at different wavelengths that can be interchanged, thereby support full-duplex operation. The beamsplitter employs a tunable etalon filter whose wavelength-dependent transmission characteristics are adjusted according to the transmit and receive wavelengths. Optionally, RF signals can additionally be couple to the common optical axis and transmitted and received by the telescope.

Apparatus for monitoring and or treating a substance or body. The apparatus comprises a sensor 1, at least a portion of which 6 is arranged in use to come into contact with a body, tissue, bodily fluid or other substance, and a computer device 3. Both the sensor 1 and the computer device 3 have radio frequency circuitry 12,16 for facilitating the transmission of data between them via a wireless communication link, the computer device 3 having means 15,17 for selecting wireless link transmission properties based upon user location, and for signalling these properties to the sensor 1.

A chip-size wavelength detector includes a film with laterally varying transmission properties and a position-sensitive detector. The film transmits a different wavelength as a function of lateral position across the film. The position of a spot of light transmitted through the film will shift, depending on the wavelength of the light. The shift is measured by the position-sensitive detector.

A light guide plate for a surface light-emitting device and a method of manufacturing the same are disclosed wherein the light guide plate is constructed in the form of an optical waveguide including an upper cladding film, core films formed with V-cut grooves, and a lower cladding film, so that since the upper and lower cladding films with a relatively low refractive index are respectively located on upper and lower surfaces of the core films, external foreign substances cannot penetrate into the core films, and the core films are not brought into contact with other components, whereby optical transmission properties are not changed and brightness can be also enhanced, and since the V-cut grooves are formed or both the V-cut grooves and optical waveguides are formed at the same time by means of a simple hot embossing process, the manufacturing costs can be saved.

Disclosed is a pen-shaped optical mouse. The optical mouse has an optical fiber on the optical path of illuminating light, and an optical fiber bundle on the optical path of reflected light, respectively. The optical system of the optical mouse is realized irrespective of the optical paths and their lengths, showing a good image-transmitting feature to transmit good image to an image sensor. An image is input to the image sensor through an end of an optical tip where the image directly contacts a reflecting surface, which enhances the accuracy of the pen-shaped optical mouse since there is no change in the location of a mouse pointer or a focal length in spite of the change in the angle between the pen-shaped optical mouse and the reflecting surface.

A membrane exchange humidifier employs a water permeable membrane comprising a microporous polymer and a hydrophilic additive. In operation, the membrane preferably has favorable water transmission properties and resists transmission of reactant gas or other components. The membrane is suitable for use even when permeable in its dry condition to the wet or dry gases in the humidifier, and/or when the wet and dry gases are of different composition. By wetting the membrane, the presence of an amount of liquid water in the wet gas can reduce gas transmission through the membrane to an acceptable level. The humidifier is useful in fuel cell systems in which a reactant gas supply stream, such as the oxidant supply stream, is humidified primarily using water vapor from a fuel cell reactant exhaust stream. The humidifier is particularly suitable for use in conjunction with solid polymer fuel cell systems. The improved mechanical and welding properties of the membrane allow for a simpler humidifier configuration.

A method, apparatus, article of manufacture, and a computer memory structure adaptively controlling a transmission signal from a satellite to at least one terrestrial receiver in a terrestrial region is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of receiving information describing a deleterious time-varying propagation characteristic of the transmission signal to the terrestrial region; generating the transmission signal having a transmission characteristic which mitigates the undesirable aspects of the time-varying propagation characteristic; and transmitting the generated transmission signal from the satellite to the terrestrial receiver. The article of manufacture comprises a controller device tangibly embodying instructions to perform the method steps described above. The apparatus comprises a receiver for receiving information describing a time-varying signal propagation characteristic of the signal to the terrestrial region; a signal generator for adaptively generating a transmission signal having a transmission characteristic mitigating the propagation characteristic; and a transmitter for transmitting the generated transmission signal.

A data transmission device is described which may use multiple data transmission technologies and/or multiple data transmission parameters of one or more data transmission technologies, having at least one transmitting device and one receiving device which can communicate with one another over at least one data transmission channel. A determination device for determining the transmission properties of the data transmission channel(s) for multiple data transmission technologies and/or multiple data transmission parameters of one or more data transmission technologies, and a selector device for selecting a certain data transmission technology having certain data transmission parameters according to the result of the determination, are additionally provided so as to be able to accommodate different transmission properties.

The present invention relates to a method for improved and efficient usage of radio network resources with regard to the transmission properties of applied communication channel types and total network load by means of using early indications on the uplink or downlink of requests to establish new communication connection or adjust parameter settings of already existing connections regading the expectable amount of additional traffic due to such a connection. Early indications are, e.g., information on protocol type, the kind of requested communication service, the profile of the user equipment that has sent the request, or traffic history. In response to such indications the inventive method can forward, e.g., an uplink request and at the same time initiate a channel type switching providing appropriate channel parameter settings or adjustments. In case of congestion control it is another possibility to delay or even suppress uplink requests.

Techniques for monitoring the quality (e.g., optical and mechanical properties) in optical waveguides (e.g., photonic crystal fibers) are disclosed. Additionally, techniques for detecting and localizing defects in the waveguides are also described. Pulses of light are launched into one end of an optical waveguide. The amount of light scattered out of the same end of the waveguide (i.e., a backscattered or reflected signal) is monitored at certain wavelengths specific to the spectral characteristics of the waveguide. Transmission characteristics and defect localization can be determined from the backscattered signal.

This relates to systems and methods for determining one or more physiological signals of a user using ambient light. The systems and methods can include one or more light sensors configured to measure light that has interacted with a user and one or more light sensors configured to measure ambient light. The gain of the one or more light sensors can be adjusted based on the levels of measured ambient light. For example, the gain of the one or more light sensors can be increased when ambient light levels are low (e.g., a low light environment), or the gain of the one or more light sensors can be decreased when ambient light levels are high (e.g., a bright light environment). In some examples, the systems can include a variable opacity element whose transmission properties (e.g., opacity and/or selected one or more wavelengths to pass through) can be varied.

According to one embodiment, a microwave sensor includes: a first directional coupler (DC1) connected on a path of a transmission antenna unit (A1); a second directional coupler (DC2) connected on a path of a reception antenna unit (A2), and a determination unit (4) that obtains, based on monitor outputs from these, a scattering parameter S₁₁ corresponding to a reflectance property at the transmission antenna unit (A1) and a scattering parameter S₂₁ corresponding to a transmission property from the transmission antenna unit (A1) to the reception antenna unit (A2), and outputs an alarm signal (Dout2) when at least one of the scattering parameter S₁₁ and the scattering parameter S₂₁ continuously exhibits a value outside its respective pre-set range over a predetermined period of time.

An object is to generate a pilot signal for estimating transmission characteristic of a transmission channel which is suitable for the OFDM/OQAM multicarrier modulation. A phase reference pilot symbol of which a modulation amplitude is suppressed to zero, and an amplitude reference pilot signal obtained through modulation performed by using an amplitude known to a reception end are transmitted from a transmission end, and the transmission characteristic of the transmission channel is estimated and compensated by using the phase reference pilot signal and the amplitude reference pilot signal at the reception end. Thus, it is possible to simplify frame generation process performed at the transmission end, and reduce transmission power for the phase reference pilot signal.

A system and method for video quality assessment includes utilizing codec auxiliary information related to the encoding and decoding process to enhance performance of picture quality assessment. In a video transmission system, video quality assessment can be accurately performed in real time with reduced computational load upon the client. In particular, the server performs first picture quality assessment and sends the assessment result to the client, and the client performs second picture quality assessment only when a transmission error occurs to reduce the computational load on the client.

A method for the laser reinforced direct bonding of two optical components having a respective bonding surface and a reinforced optical assembly made thereby are provided. The method includes a first step of assembling the two optical components by direct bonding of their respective bonding surface together, thereby defining a direct-bonded interface therebetween. The method further includes a second step of reinforcing the direct-bonded interface with a weld seam including at least one substantially continuous reinforcing weld line forming a dosed shape enclosing a sealed direct-bonded region. Each weld line is inscribed by focusing ultrashort laser pulses at the direct-bonding interface so as to generate non-linear optical phenomena inducing a localized junction between the two optical components. Advantageously, embodiments of the present invention provide reinforced optical assemblies exhibiting hermetic and mechanically resistant bonds over a large area as well as negligible alteration of their optical transmission properties.

A sending and using method of measure-reference signals comprises the steps of: bearing the measure-reference signals of the same reference signal group into the same resource block to send and respectively bearing the measure-reference signals of different reference signal groups into different resource blocks to send, wherein the reference signal group of number i contains Ni measure-reference signals used for the measure of channel state information, each reference signal group contains different measure-reference signals, Ni is not less than 1, i is equal to 1 to K, and K is a positive integer. The adoption of the method guarantees transmission property simultaneously when ensuring less reference signal expenses as much as possible, and can be compatible with the existing LTE system well, thus realizing high-order MIMO transmission and improving the overall performance of the system.

An active device for dynamic control of the transmission properties has at least one photonic crystal waveguide that has an electrically insulating layer formed within or near the waveguide core and two lateral conductive regions divided by the insulating layer. An alternating voltage signal induces phase and amplitude changes of electromagnetic wave propagating inside the device. Electromagnetic wave signals propagating through two such active photonic crystal waveguide devices may be mixed to produce at least one output signal through interference. Devices having one or more such active photonic crystal waveguides may be utilized as a tunable optical delay line, a tunable optical filter, a switch, or a modulator. A preferred embodiment comprises a photonic crystal waveguide made of a silicon slab with a periodic array of apertures or oxide columns therein, wherein an silicon oxide layer disposed in the waveguide core separates a p-doped region from an n-doped region.

An active noise control apparatus includes a road surface input detector, a reference signal generator, an adaptive filter, a noise-cancellation sound generator, an error detector, a reference signal corrector, a filter coefficient updating unit, a transfer characteristic variation detector, and an update amount controller. The transfer characteristic variation detector is configured to detect a variation in transfer characteristic between the road surface input detector and the error detector. The update amount controller is configured to increase an amount of updating of a filter coefficient to a value greater than a value that is used in a normal mode in accordance with the variation in transfer characteristic detected by the transfer characteristic variation detector.

A system for providing remote display of an enhanced image comprises at least one image source and a processing element. The processing element is capable of receiving data from the image source, creating an enhanced image with the received data, and transmitting the enhanced image via a wireless link to a display device capable of displaying the enhanced image. The processing element may create the enhanced image by stitching image data from at least two image sources having different fields of view, fusing image data from at least two image sources having different image modalities, or combining image data from at least one image source with synthetic image data. The processing element may be further capable of modifying at least one transmission characteristic based on a bandwidth of the wireless link. The transmission characteristic may be selected from the group comprising field of view, frame rate, resolution, and compression.

The invention is applicable to the technical field of lithium batteries and provides a tungsten-doped boride-coated lithium battery anode material and a preparation method thereof. Firstly, tungsten source is dissolved in water, sprayed onto a mixed material of a ternary precursor and lithium source and then stirred to obtain a dried material; the dried material is placed and baked in a saggar toobtain a tungsten-doped ternary anode material; finally, metal boride is added to the tungsten-doped ternary anode material, stirred uniformly and sintered at a certain temperature to obtain the tungsten-doped boride-coated lithium battery anode material. According to the tungsten-doped boride-coated lithium battery anode material, the synergistic effect between tungsten doping and the metal boride takes full advantage of the tungsten doping and the metal boride, the tungsten doping can significantly inhibit grain growth and shorten the transmission distance of Li+, MgB2 as a superconductor has fast ion transmission properties, and the tungsten doping and the metal boride improve rate capability of the tungsten-doped boride-coated lithium battery anode material. Meanwhile, the boride coating can inhibit the reaction between the surface of an electrode material and electrolyte, thereby improving the safety performance and cycle stability of the tungsten-doped boride-coated lithium battery anode material.

A screen for displaying an image by projection light includes: a selectively reflective layer having reflection properties with respect to light in a specific wavelength region corresponding to the projection light, and having absorption properties with respect to light in a wavelength region other than the specific wavelength region. And the selectively reflective layer includes an optical multilayer film having a dielectric film and a light-absorbing thin film having transmission properties, and a reflective layer for reflecting light which has passed through the optical multilayer film.

Oriented polyolefin films are prepared with blends of a high crystalline polypropylene and an ethylene/propylene copolymer having less than 10%, by weight, of ethylene. These films, in a preferred embodiment, exhibit higher oxygen and moisture vapor transmission properties than do unmodified polypropylene. In addition, these films have low haze. This combination of properties make the films useful in modified atmosphere packaging applications for fresh produce and flowers.

In a cellular mobile communications network a mobile station is capable of receiving a downlink signal from each of a plurality of base stations and transmitting an uplink signal to the plurality of base stations through a wireless channel. A transmission property of the downlink signals from the plurality of base stations to the mobile station is measured, and decided, in dependence upon the measure of the transmission property, a preferred base station transmitting the downlink signal with a preferred transmission property among the plurality of the base stations. The mobile station includes, in the uplink signal, data indicating the preferred base station(s) for transmitting the subsequent downlink signal to the mobile station. The base stations receiving the uplink signal identify from the data the preferred based station(s) and only the base station(s) identified as the preferred base station(s) transmits a subsequent downlink signal to the mobile station. Interference in such a cellular mobile telecommunications network can therefore be reduced.

This disclosure describes methods and systems for managing video frame rate at a video production site. A video processor of a first video production site may process received video frames received via a network with dynamic transmission properties. A frame rate controller may monitor at an output buffer of the site, an average rate of processed video frames received from the video processor, and may detect that the average rate of processed video frames received from the video processor has decreased to a level below a predefined output frame rate for transmitting processed video frames to a third video production site. The frame rate controller may increase a rate of video frames being provided to the video processor, to a level above the predefined output frame rate to restore the average rate of processed video frames received from the video processor, to the predefined output frame rate.

A drug delivery device is provided, comprising a reservoir adapted to contain a liquid drug, an outlet, and expelling means for, in a situation of use, expelling a drug from the reservoir via the outlet. The device further comprises a light source (575) adapted for directing a beam of light through the drug, and detection means (576, 577) allowing a transmission characteristic of the light beam through the drug to be detected. The detecting means may be either in form of a transparent area allowing a user to inspect a portion of the device through which the light beam is directed, or light detection means used in combination with an electronic controller.

An optical transmission system, where in an optical transmitter a detection bit having a specific pattern set according to the number of bits to be transmitted within one symbol time, is imparted with respect to a transmission signal in which transmission information has been encoded according to a preset format, and an optical signal generated by modulating light according to the transmission signal is transmitted to a transmission line. In an optical receiver, logic inversion or bit swap of received data is detected and compensated by using the detection bit included in the received signal, a decoding process of the compensated received signal is executed. As a result, when an optical signal capable of transmitting multi-bit information within one symbol time is transferred, it is possible to realize excellent transmission characteristics, by reliably compensating an error in received data caused by the modulation format or the multiplex system of the optical signal.

The invention relates to an optimization design method of a magnetic coupling resonant type wireless electric power transmission system. The method comprises the following steps: S10, erecting a magnetic coupling resonant type wireless electric power transmission system model; S11, establishing an equivalent circuit of the magnetic coupling resonant type wireless electric power transmission system; S12, introducing and calculating power supply matching factors S(M-2C) and S(M-4C), load matching factors L(M-2C) and L(M-4C), a transmission quality factor T(Q) and a frequency offset factor F(D); S13, deriving reflection impedance Z32 reflected to a transmitting coil by a receiving coil; S14, performing per unit processing on the reflection impedance Z32 to obtain reflection impedance Z32<-> after the per unit processing; S15, analyzing the transmission characteristics of the magnetic coupling resonant type wireless electric power transmission system through the Z32<->; S16, adjusting the parameters of the magnetic coupling resonant type wireless electric power transmission system according to the analysis result of the step S15; and S17, repeating the steps from the S12 to the S16 until the transmission characteristics reach target values.

A method and corresponding system for operating in a network in which stations communicate over a shared medium are presented. The shared medium has at least one varying channel characteristic that varies approximately periodically. The method includes providing repeated beacon transmissions from a coordinator station for coordinating transmissions among a plurality of the stations, wherein at least some beacon transmissions are synchronized to the varying channel characteristic; and transmitting from a first station to at least one receiving station during a time slot determined based on at least one of the beacon transmissions received by the first station from the coordinator station.

The invention is directed to a photosensor for color measurement based on three spectral components, particularly for highly accurate color measurement for testing and guaranteeing color constancy in engineered surfaces and consumer articles of any kind. The object of the invention, to find a novel possibility for color measurement based on a three-range method with color measurement values generated by preceding interference filters with different spectral responses which permits a virtually true-color measurement in conformity with standards in a simple manner without costly reference light calibration, is met according to the invention in that the photosensor comprises at least three partial surfaces which are covered by different interference filters adapted to the X-, Y- and Z-spectral characteristic of the human eye, each partial surface being arranged so as to be uniformly distributed in a sector-shaped manner and so as to cover the same area around a center with passivated webs located therebetween, and every partial surface is provided with an interference filter whose transmission characteristic over the wavelength of the light to be measured spectrally is adapted to the response of the human eye, wherein the spectral components passed by the interference filters approximate the normal spectral value functions of the human eye in color coordinates of the color space.