299 results about "Atmospheric water" patented technology

A method for retrieving tropospheric wet delay and atmospheric water vapor content over polar sea ice with TDS-1 satellite grazing angle spaceborne GNSS-R is provided, including: Si, obtaining TDS-1 GNSS-R raw intermediate frequency signal data, VMF3 grid data, GPT3 grid data and ERA5 data; S2, correcting an error of tropospheric wet delay estimation of grazing angle spaceborne GNSS-R; S3, constructing a grazing angle spaceborne GNSS-R tropospheric wet delay estimation model; S4, calculating grazing angle spaceborne GNSS-R ZWD; S5, calculating a Tm value of a target point based on GPT3 model, substituting the Tm value into a conversion factor II, and combining calculated GNSS-R ZWD to obtain a GNSS-R IWV estimated value; and S6, verifying inversion performance of GNSS-R ZWD and integrated water vapor (IWV) by using reference data.

The invention discloses a hydrophobic-hydrophilic Janus water collecting film and an efficient preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of water collecting materials. An electrostatic spinning process is adopted, and a hydrophobic polymer is accurately deposited on the surface of a hydrophilic substrate in the form of a nanofiber array, so that the Janus composite membrane with an asymmetric wetting gradient structure is successfully constructed. The unique double-sided wettability difference drives the liquid drops to realize directional transmission, and the core mechanism of the liquid drops is derived from capillary force regulation and control caused by interfacial wetting potential energy difference. The Janus membrane shows excellent performance in the aspect of air moisture trapping, the ultra-fast moisture absorption characteristic and the surface regeneration capacity are achieved, and compared with a traditional single-layer hydrophilic membrane, the water collecting efficiency is remarkably improved by 110%. A one-step forming process is adopted for preparation, the diameter of the nanofibers is controllable, complex post-treatment procedures are not needed, and energy consumption required by equipment is low. The high-performance water collecting film has important application value in the fields of atmospheric water taking in arid regions, dehumidification of precise instruments and the like.

The invention relates to the technical field of drought stress, and discloses a method for identifying a vegetation water stress dominant factor and determining a drought threshold value based on a Copula function. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring vegetation productivity, soil water content and atmospheric water deficit data of a research area in a research time period; respectively constructing marginal distribution functions of the vegetation productivity, the soil water content and the atmospheric water deficit by using a univariate parameter estimation method; respectively constructing a joint probability distribution function of the soil water content and the vegetation productivity and a joint probability distribution function of the atmospheric water deficit and the vegetation productivity based on the marginal distribution function by utilizing a Copula function; respectively calculating the maximum conditional probability of vegetation productivity loss caused by soil water content reduction and atmospheric water deficit rise by utilizing the joint probability distribution function, and determining a vegetation productivity water stress dominant factor; and calculating a drought threshold value of the vegetation productivity water stress dominant factor.

An atmospheric water generation system comprises water vapor consolidation systems configured to increase the relative humidity of a controlled air stream prior to condensing water from the controlled air stream. The water vapor consolidation system comprises a fluid-desiccant flow system configured to decrease the temperature of the desiccant to encourage water vapor to be absorbed by the desiccant from an atmospheric air flow. The desiccant flow is then heated to encourage water vapor evaporation from the desiccant flow into a controlled air stream that circulates within the system. The humidity of the controlled air stream is thereby increased above the relative humidity of the atmospheric air to facilitate condensation of the water vapor into usable liquid water.

A Beidou / GNSS-based real-time high-precision sea surface measurement method and a buoy, wherein by using free-to-use broadcast ephemeris freely broadcast by GNSS satellites, precise point positioning of China's Beidou satellites, and other high-precision service space signals, real-time centimeter-level element information comprising time, longitude, latitude, water level, wave height, wave period, wave direction, sea surface current velocity and direction, atmospheric water vapor content, and the like can be directly obtained. The information can be stored locally in a buoy or transmitted back by communication, and is suitable for real-time high-precision sea surface measurements in offshore and far-sea scenarios.

The invention provides a rainfall inversion method integrating GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) water vapor chromatography and a water conservancy rain-measuring radar. The rainfall inversion method comprises the following steps: collecting GNSS data, water conservancy rain-measuring radar data, meteorological data and geographic information; estimating the atmospheric water vapor content SWV on the GNSS oblique signal path; performing three-dimensional water vapor chromatography to obtain a grid water vapor density value; identifying an inversion factor; and training the neural network and carrying out rainfall inversion. According to the rainfall inversion method established by the invention, GNSS water vapor chromatography and water conservancy rain measurement radar data are effectively utilized, the correlation between space-time gaseous water and liquid water is comprehensively considered, the rainfall inversion process is optimized, and a new thought is provided for refined inversion of rainfall intensity and spatial distribution.

The invention discloses a water vapor chromatography modeling method and device based on GNSS-MET, and belongs to the technical field of atmospheric water vapor information inversion. According to the method, satellite signals and meteorological parameters are obtained through a GNSS-MET receiver, and the oblique path water vapor content (SWV) is calculated to serve as chromatography input; densely and uniformly distributed observation stations are selected to construct a chromatography area, and voxel grids are divided; a horizontal constraint is constructed by using Gaussian distance weighting, a vertical constraint is constructed in combination with a water vapor vertical index distribution characteristic, and ERA5 reanalysis data is introduced as a prior constraint, so that the limitation of a traditional sounding data constraint is solved; and resolving the tomographic equation through a singular value decomposition (SVD) method to obtain three-dimensional water vapor density distribution. According to the method, the high temporal-spatial resolution characteristic of ERA5 data is utilized, the precision and reliability of water vapor chromatography are remarkably improved, and the method is suitable for the fields of extreme weather prediction, meteorological monitoring and the like.

β-Ketoenamine covalent organic frameworks (COFs) provide remarkable water sorption capabilities and stable adsorption–desorption cycling, particularly under low relative humidity (RH) conditions.

An atmospheric water generation system comprises water vapor consolidation systems configured to increase the relative humidity of a controlled air stream prior to condensing water from the controlled air stream. The water vapor consolidation system comprises a fluid-desiccant flow system configured to decrease the temperature of the desiccant to encourage water vapor to be absorbed by the desiccant from an atmospheric air flow. The desiccant flow is then heated to encourage water vapor evaporation from the desiccant flow into a controlled air stream that circulates within the system. The humidity of the controlled air stream is thereby increased above the relative humidity of the atmospheric air to facilitate condensation of the water vapor into usable liquid water.

The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation, and particularly discloses a climate self-adaptive photovoltaic cooling method and system based on interface evaporation, and the system comprises a hydrophilic and hydrophobic composite radiation refrigeration film which is used for capturing atmospheric moisture through a radiation refrigeration effect under a low-radiation condition to form a cooling water source; the bionic water conveying structure comprises a modified silicone tube and a juncus roemerianus bundle and is used for conveying the captured water to the high-level water tank through capillary action; according to the invention, by fusing interface evaporation and radiation refrigeration technologies, the system realizes efficient cooling and energy recovery of the photovoltaic module; under the condition of strong irradiation, the gradient wettability interface evaporation layer takes away waste heat of the module through directional water film flow, so that the temperature of the photovoltaic module is reduced, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the daily generating capacity is increased; the cooling effect is obviously better than that of a traditional natural convection or phase change material cooling mode, and efficient heat transfer is achieved through phase change latent heat utilization of interface evaporation.

The present disclosure is directed to devices, systems, and products for attracting, capturing and converting atmospheric water vapor into useful liquid water utilizing thermal dynamic processes such as deposition, phase change states and fusion.

Provided herein are water harvesting systems, as well as methods using such systems, for capturing water from surrounding air. The systems and methods use water capture materials to adsorb water from the air. For example, the water capture materials may be metal-organic-frameworks. The systems and methods desorb this water in the form of water vapor, and the water vapor is condensed into liquid water and collected. The liquid water is suitable for use as drinking water.

The invention provides an atmospheric water vapor detection method and system based on a satellite, and relates to the technical field of satellite remote sensing, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining satellite remote sensing data and solar radiation angle data of a target area; performing correction processing according to the satellite remote sensing data and the solar radiation angle data to obtain corrected radiation data; establishing an atmospheric radiation transmission model according to the corrected radiation data, and generating radiation simulation data; performing water vapor inversion processing according to the radiation simulation data, and calculating to obtain vertical distribution data of water vapor in the atmosphere; and performing three-dimensional interpolation processing according to the vertical distribution data to obtain three-dimensional hierarchical water vapor monitoring data. According to the method, the radiation error in the satellite remote sensing data is corrected by using the solar radiation projection model, so that the radiation error problem caused by ground reflection and the sunlight angle is solved; morphological prediction is carried out on the missing area through a topology analysis technology, fitting filling is carried out in combination with neighborhood water vapor data, and the accuracy and reliability of a monitoring result are improved.

The invention discloses a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) single-station real-time atmosphere profile monitoring method, system and equipment, and relates to the field of GNSS atmosphere detection. The method comprises the following steps: processing observation data of a single GNSS observation station in real time, and obtaining water vapor information carried by a GNSS signal; discretizing a space region where a GNSS observation station is located, and calculating an inclined path water vapor observation value of a GNSS side signal by using a water vapor height factor model; an observation equation set of water vapor pressure parameters is established, atmospheric water vapor pressure parameter information is solved by using an optimization algorithm, and the water vapor pressure parameters are subjected to precision evaluation; building an inversion model of multiple meteorological parameters such as atmospheric specific humidity, atmospheric humidity refractive index, atmospheric water vapor density and the like based on the meteorological physical function relationship; and finally, performing external precision test on various atmospheric water vapor profiles by using the parallel sounding station meteorological data of the GNSS observation station. According to the invention, a single GNSS observation station is used to realize all-weather and high-precision inversion of a plurality of atmospheric parameter vertical profiles.

An apparatus, including a controller; an air intake system located at a vehicle; an air filtration system; an environmental control system; an air tank located at the vehicle; a water harvesting system; a water filtration system; and a water storage tank located at the vehicle. The controller controls an operation of the air intake system, the air filtration system, the environmental control system, the water harvesting system, and the water filtration system. The air intake system intakes air from an external environment, and the air filtration system filters or purifies the air. The environmental control system heats the air or cools the air. The air tank stores the air and the water harvesting system harvests water from the air. The water filtration system filters or purifies the water and the water storage tank stores the water.

The invention discloses a biomass nitrogen-doped derivative porous carbon material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of photo-thermal atmospheric water catching.The preparation method comprises the following steps that a carbon source and a nitrogen source are put into water to be subjected to an ultrasonic reaction, a reactant is subjected to hydrothermal treatment, and a solid product is obtained; carrying out steam etching and high-temperature annealing treatment on the solid product and metal salt in an inert atmosphere, and then sequentially carrying out acidizing treatment, grinding and drying to prepare the biomass nitrogen-doped derived porous carbon material. The biomass nitrogen-doped derivative porous carbon material prepared by the method has a rich pore structure and efficient adsorption-desorption performance, can replace an expensive MOFs material, optimizes the preparation path, improves the nitrogen doping efficiency and the material stability, remarkably reduces the cost and the environmental burden while ensuring the excellent atmospheric water collection performance, and has a wide application prospect. And the method shows more excellent industrialization prospects and sustainable development values.

The invention discloses a refined remote sensing atmospheric water vapor inversion method based on a GNSS and a Transform. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring OLCI remote sensing data, ERA5 meteorological data and GNSS-PWV data of a target area; performing quality control on the OLCI remote sensing data, and screening effective observation data; performing space-time registration on the OLCI remote sensing data, the ERA5 meteorological data and the GNSS-PWV data, and constructing a multi-dimensional feature vector; inputting the multi-dimensional feature vector into a Transform model for training, and learning a coupling relationship between features through a self-attention mechanism; and outputting an atmospheric precipitable water quantity inversion result based on the trained Transform model. According to the invention, the precision and spatial resolution of atmospheric water vapor detection are improved.

The invention provides a fiber fabric based composite material for atmospheric water collection and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of atmospheric water collection materials. The highly ordered porous structure of the fiber fabric-based composite material improves the adsorption capacity and the mass transfer efficiency, the efficient regeneration process reduces the energy consumption, the good stability and durability prolong the service life of the fiber fabric-based composite material, the flexible system integration mode improves the expandability and the maintenance convenience, and the fiber fabric-based composite material has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and wide application prospect. The maintenance cost is reduced by the simple and convenient operation and maintenance mode, the cost of atmospheric water collection is reduced, and the fiber fabric-based composite material is not limited by natural environments such as atmospheric humidity, ambient temperature and wind power, and is wide in application range.

The invention discloses a precipitation space downscaling method and device based on physical constraint and deep learning, and relates to the technical field of precipitation data processing. Comprising the following steps: forming training rainfall observation data by training low-spatial-resolution remote sensing rainfall data, training low-spatial-resolution meteorological data, training low-spatial-resolution soil moisture data, training high-spatial-resolution meteorological data and training high-spatial-resolution soil moisture data; determining a target rainfall downscaling model constrained by atmospheric moisture and rainfall soil moisture based on a spatial cross validation method; and forming to-be-downscaled rainfall observation data by using the to-be-downscaled remote sensing rainfall data, the high-spatial-resolution meteorological data and the high-spatial-resolution soil moisture data, and inputting the to-be-downscaled rainfall observation data into the target rainfall downscaling model to output target downscaling remote sensing rainfall data. Through a rainfall downscaling model, atmospheric moisture and soil moisture are combined with physical constraint and spatial cross validation, and spatial generalization is ensured to improve the rainfall data spatial downscaling precision.

The invention relates to a method for controlling at least one atmospheric water generation device. The method comprises generating (GEN1) at least one control indicator according to an estimate of weather conditions (EST1), an estimate of infrastructure water consumption requirements (EST3), an estimate of the available electrical energy (EST2), and an estimate of the performance (EST4) of the atmospheric water generation device.

The invention belongs to the field of functional polymer materials, and particularly relates to a temperature-sensitive core-shell moisture absorption microsphere based on a biomass source and a preparation method. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving methyl cellulose in water to prepare a solution A; dissolving calcium lactate and LiCl in water according to a mass ratio of 1: (2-14) to prepare a solution B; uniformly mixing the two to obtain functionalized core liquid; and dropwise adding the core liquid into a sodium alginate coagulating bath to carry out ionic cross-linking reaction to form gel microspheres, and washing and freeze-drying to obtain the product. According to the invention, a stable structure with moisture absorption salt / temperature-sensitive methyl cellulose as a core and calcium alginate gel as a shell is constructed in one step through a reverse instillation molding technology. The structure can effectively prevent moisture absorption salt from leaking, efficient release of moisture can be achieved at the low temperature by means of the temperature-sensitive characteristic of methyl cellulose, and desorption energy consumption for taking water from air is remarkably reduced. The raw materials are green, the process is simple, and the prepared microspheres are good in moisture absorption performance, high in cycling stability and suitable for atmospheric moisture collection.

The invention relates to the technical field of hygroscopic hydrogel preparation and atmospheric water collection, in particular to hygroscopic hydrogel as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving a hygroscopic polymer with a complexing group in water, then adding a material with thermal response hydrophilic-hydrophobic conversion, stirring and dissolving to obtain a polymer solution, and then adding the polymer solution into a reaction kettle to obtain the hygroscopic hydrogel. Adding a nano-porous material with complexing sites into the polymer solution, and carrying out primary crosslinking on the complexing groups on the gel main body material and the complexing sites on the nano-porous material with the complexing sites to form a uniformly dispersed gel precursor solution; hygroscopic salt is added into the gel precursor solution for gelation, the hierarchical pore hygroscopic hydrogel with a macroporous structure and nano micropores is obtained after freeze-drying, and a hydrogel network with rich hierarchical pores is prepared, so that the water vapor adsorption-desorption kinetics and water collection performance are greatly improved.

An atmospheric water vapor extraction device includes a supply of hygroscopic solution contained within reservoir which includes an evaporation chamber, a condensation chamber, a water latent solution within conduit, a solution container, and water depleted solution within a conduit. The conduits extend into the container to a level below the solution level within the container to prevent passage of air into the conduits. The water extraction device further includes potable water collection conduit and potable water container. The water collection conduit connects the condensation chamber to water container. The conduit extend into container to a level below the level of water within the container to prevent passage of air into the conduit and thereby maintain a level of vacuum within chamber that is representative of the weight of the water column within conduit and the vapor pressure of the water at the top.

The invention discloses a moisture prediction method and system based on airborne multispectral sensitive wave band combination, and relates to the technical field of agricultural remote sensing and image processing, and the method comprises the steps: on the basis of the response characteristics of soil and plant canopy reflection spectrums to moisture, combining with the physical mechanism of O-H bond vibration in water molecules, and predicting the moisture content of the soil and plant canopy reflection spectrums; determining the bandwidths of all central wavelengths by considering the influence of atmospheric water vapor on the near infrared spectrum; generating reflection spectrums of the soil and the vegetation canopies, generating a spectral response function by using the relationship between the central wavelength and the bandwidth, converting the simulated spectrums into a moisture sensitive wave band, and calculating the reflectivity and the spectral index; and collecting reflection spectrum images of the soil and the vegetation canopies at the selected positions, and inputting the reflection spectrum images into the moisture prediction model to predict moisture. By optimizing wave band selection and bandwidth allocation, the problems that when an existing airborne multispectral sensor executes a moisture monitoring task, the pertinence of wave band selection is insufficient, and the monitoring precision is not high can be effectively solved.

The invention discloses a microcapsule for atmospheric water collection and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural irrigation. The microcapsule for collecting water in the atmosphere is composed of a core material and a wall material, the core material is moisture absorption salt, and the wall material is a polyurethane material; according to the microcapsule, due to the waterproof and moisture permeable performance of the polyurethane shell material, the moisture absorption salt can be effectively wrapped in the microcapsule and used for adsorbing moisture in the environment, rapid desorption can be completed under a certain heating condition, and the shell of the polyurethane microcapsule can also play a role in protecting a salt solution; the moisture absorption salt is prevented from being agglomerated and leaked in multiple moisture absorption and desorption processes, and the preparation process is simple, low in cost and suitable for industrial production requirements.

Atmospheric water harvesting systems, including an adsorbent heat exchanger that includes an adsorber structure. The adsorber structure comprises, in some embodiments, an array of fins coupled to one or more heat pipes, where an adsorbent material is included on the fins. In some embodiments, the system passes ambient air across the adsorber structure to adsorb water, then apples heat to the adsorber structure via a heat source and heat block coupled to the heat pipes to desorb the water. The desorbed water is passed through a condenser to capture the liquid water.

The invention relates to the technical field of building energy conservation and water resource utilization, and discloses a multifunctional AKLBT dual-network hydrogel system and a preparation method and application thereof, the multifunctional AKLBT dual-network hydrogel system comprises AKLBT dual-network hydrogel and a PAN / PVDF coated CNTs / ppy composite photo-thermal layer; wherein the AKLBT dual-network hydrogel takes acrylamide and konjac glucomannan as monomers, and LiCl, BaSO4 and TiO2 are doped into the monomers; the PAN / PVDF-coated CNTs / ppy composite photo-thermal layer is attached to the surface of the hydrogel to construct a photo-thermal conversion interface. Through a three-in-one synergistic mechanism of radiation cooling, adsorption water collection and photo-thermal evaporation, zero-energy-consumption cooling of the building and efficient capture of atmospheric water resources are achieved, stable recycling can be achieved, and an integrated solution is provided for building hydrothermal collaborative management.

The process for producing and using polymeric Hydrocells for production of atmospheric water using a superabsorbent polymer derived from alkaline hydrolysis of the polyacrylonitrile (PAN). The Hydrocell adsorbs up to 80% of its weight in atmospheric water under ambient conditions and releases this water when heated to less than 100° C. using renewable energy sources, such as solar energy. This low-temperature operation allows for repeated adsorption and desorption cycles lasting years without degradation. Multiple Hydrocells can be arranged into Hydrobatteries with a surface area greater than 2 m2, capable of adsorbing several kg of water per day. The Hydrocells offer a sustainable and safe solution for producing potable water free of toxic chemicals and pathogenic microorganisms in regions with limited water resources. By drawing water from the vast atmospheric reservoir containing over 13,000 km3, this can help prevent deaths caused by the consumption of contaminated water.

The invention belongs to the technical field of synthetic aperture radars, and particularly relates to a relative atmospheric wind speed measurement method based on time delay D-I nSAR. The method specifically comprises the steps of 1, obtaining differential interferograms of all distributed SAR satellites, and performing multi-view and phase filtering on the differential interferograms of all the satellites; 2, carrying out thresholding processing on the obtained image, converting the image into a binary image, and identifying water vapor group feature points; calculating an initial wind speed v0 by using the center displacement vectors of the feature points of the two adjacent images; and step 3, performing coordinate system conversion and coordinate axis length conversion on the obtained initial wind speed to obtain a two-dimensional relative wind speed of an atmospheric water vapor dense height layer of a plane parallel to the ground between two moments of satellite heavy orbit observation.

This application discloses a greenhouse water control method and system based on the root zone-plant-atmosphere system. The method includes: acquiring soil water potential, plant water potential, air temperature, and relative humidity information in real time through an information acquisition module; calculating atmospheric water potential based on the acquired air temperature and relative humidity; calculating transpiration pull and water supply power based on the atmospheric water potential, plant water potential, and soil water potential; determining the stomatal aperture of the greenhouse plant based on the ratio of transpiration pull to water supply power; and issuing control commands based on the stomatal aperture and the ratio of transpiration pull to water supply power to achieve water control of the greenhouse plant. The method adopted in this application is simple and efficient. By comprehensively controlling water based on the relative relationship between water supply power and transpiration pull, it can maintain the water supply and demand balance of the root zone-plant-atmosphere system, effectively reduce evaporation and conserve energy, and improve crop photosynthetic capacity, yield, and water use efficiency.