161 results about "Speed of light" patented technology

An optical measurement device is provided includes a tracker device configured to emit a first beam of light and receive a portion of the first beam of light reflected off of a target. The first beam of light being emitted from a gimbal location, the tracker device further including an absolute distance meter configured to determine the distance to the target. A scanner device is provided that is configured to emit a second beam of light along a pathway without reversing direction and receive a portion of the second beam of light reflected off an object. The second beam of light being emitted from the gimbal location, the scanner further being configured to determine the distance to the object based at least in part on the speed of light.

The invention discloses a photonic neural network convolutional layer chip based on a micro-ring resonator. The chip is universal to all deep learning technologies including convolutional calculation.According to the chip, vectorized to-be-calculated signals are loaded on different optical wavelengths by means of a wavelength division multiplexing mode. The micro-ring resonator and a balance photoelectric detector form a weight matrix, convolutional calculation of the to-be-calculated signals and the weight matrix can be completed, and a convolutional result is output. By utilizing the tunability of the integrated micro-ring resonator, the convolutional calculation of any numerical value can be realized. In addition, the speed of the convolutional calculation is increased to a constant level (that is, the speed of light) by using light as a numerical calculation medium, and the advantage of a higher energy efficiency ratio is achieved.

A plasma processing apparatus capable of processing a wafer having a diameter of 300 mm or greater with high accuracy and uniformity, the apparatus comprising a decompressable container 1, a stage 2 disposed within container 1 and supporting a wafer 3 thereon, a substantially circular conductive plate 7 disposed substantially in parallel with the wafer 3 and opposing the stage 2, and a high frequency power source 11 connected to the conductive plate 7 and supplying power to generate a plasma within a space interposed between the stage 2 and the conductive plate 7, characterized in that a frequency f1 of the power is within the range of 100 MHz<F1<(0.6×C)/(2.0×D) Hz with respect to a speed of light C in vacuum and a diameter D of the wafer being processed.

A method for producing a high frequency optical signal component representative of a high frequency electrical input signal component, includes the following steps: providing a semiconductor transistor structure that includes a base region of a first semiconductor type between semiconductor emitter and collector regions of a second semiconductor type; providing, in the base region, at least one region exhibiting quantum size effects; providing emitter, base, and collector electrodes respectively coupled with the emitter, base, and collector regions; applying electrical signals, including the high frequency electrical signal component, with respect to the emitter, base, and collector electrodes to produce output spontaneous light emission from the base region, aided by the quantum size region, the output spontaneous light emission including the high frequency optical signal component representative of the high frequency electrical signal component; providing an optical cavity for the light emission in the region between the base and emitter electrodes; and scaling the lateral dimensions of the optical cavity to control the speed of light emission response to the high frequency electrical signal component.

A technique is provided for filtering far-field electrical cardiac signals from near-field signals. Atrial tip and ring signals are sensed using unipolar electrodes and any timing differences between corresponding events within the signals are detected. Then, far-field signals are filtered from the tip and ring signals based on the detected timing differences, such that substantially only near-field atrial signals remain. The technique exploits the fact that near-field atrial signals are sensed when a conduction wave passes by the atrial electrodes. In contrast, far-field signals from the ventricles propagate to the atrium at near the speed of light. Hence, any significant timing difference between corresponding events appearing in the atrial signals is indicative of a near-field event, whereas the lack of a significant timing difference is indicative of a far-field event. In one example, a sense amplifier is provided with a Boolean logic circuit to aid in time delay-based filtering.

A positioning method in two or more cellular networks calculates a gradient (grad (J)) of an optimization function for estimating position of UE:

wherein X₀^j is the position of a reference cell of the jth network, X_i^j is the position of the ith cell of the jth network, W_i^j is the weight directly proportional to the downlink signal receiving intensity of the ith cell of the jth network, w^j is the weight inversely proportional to the signal code continuing time of the jth network, ∥x−x₀∥=√{square root over ((x−x₀)²+(y−y₀)²+(z−z₀)²)}{square root over ((x−x₀)²+(y−y₀)²+(z−z₀)²)}{square root over ((x−x₀)²+(y−y₀)²+(z−z₀)²)} is the Euclidian distance, N^j is the number of non-reference cell of the jth network, Ns is the number of networks, c is the speed of light.

A method for time travel, which allows an object or a group of objects to travel into the past or the future, as well as a method to cut objects from the past or future and paste them to the current environment. The present invention, called the practical time machine, requires teams of super intelligent robots that work together in the virtual world and the real world to generate a perfect timeline of planet Earth. The timeline of Earth records all objects, events and actions every fraction of a nanosecond for the past or the future. A time traveler will set a time travel date; the time traveler can be one object or a group of objects. Next, atom manipulators are scattered throughout the Earth to change objects in our current environment based on the timeline; and incrementally, change the current environment until the time travel date. Each atom manipulator is intelligent and manipulates the current environment as well as generating ghost machines to manipulate the current environment. Also, components of the practical time machine can be used to create technology for the purpose of: building cars, planes and rockets that travel at the speed of light, building intelligent weapons, creating physical objects from thin air, using a chamber to manipulate objects, building force fields, making objects invisible, building super powerful lasers, building anti-gravity machines, creating strong metals and alloys, creating the smallest computer chips, collecting energy without any solar panels or wind turbines, making physical DNA, manipulating existing DNA, making single cell organisms, controlling the software and hardware of computers and servers without an internet connection, and manipulating any object in the world.

The present invention relates to a multi-core optical fiber enabling calculation effectively using the MEMO technology. The multi-core optical fiber has a plurality of cores and a cladding and the cores rotate around a fiber axis. A conditional expression defined by an average twist rate γ (rad/m), the shortest distance Λ (m) between centers of the cores, a group index n_g, an in-use bending radius R (m), the speed of light in vacuum c (m/s), and the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter π is not more than 7.91×10⁻¹² (s/m^1/2) as an example.

The invention relates to optical sensor measurement methods that use a swept wavelength optical source to determine wavelength shift as well as to optical sensor systems that embody and employ these methods. A variable scan rate swept optical source is used to determine the optical path length from the optical interrogator to the optical sensors being measured. This data can then be used as desired or needed in implementing the sensor or making sensor measurements. In particular the data can be used in the optical sensor system to compensate for potential measurement errors due to the finite speed of light in the optical medium interconnecting optical sensors under test.

An apparatus and method for determining the distance from a distance-measuring-device to an object by sending a light-pulse from a light-emitting component toward the object by passing a current pulse through the component. A value based on the current or voltage across the component is used to determine the reference-time T0 when the value exceeds a first threshold-value, and determines first-time T1 when the value is reduced to a second threshold-value THL2. T1 is used to define two time-windows when intensity of reflected light is integrated to provide two values (Q1/Q3 and Q2/Q4) to determine a time of flight for the light-pulse based on the two values (Q1/Q3 and Q2/Q4), the difference between T0 and T1 (T1-T0), and the speed of light, c.

The invention provides a multi-ocular camera system, a device and a synchronization method. The synchronization method comprises the following steps: a hardware signal generating device generates a synchronization signal, and simultaneously transmits the synchronization signal to a plurality of camera units through cables; the plurality of camera units receive the synchronization signal transmitted by the hardware signal generating device, and each camera unit is triggered by the synchronization signal to shoot a synchronous two-dimensional image; and a synchronous image matching device acquires the synchronous two-dimensional images shot by each camera unit, and synchronously matches the plurality of acquired synchronous two-dimensional images. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the hardware signal generating device transmits the generated synchronization signal to the plurality of camera units through the cables to shoot the synchronous two-dimensional images, and matching of the synchronous two-dimensional images is realized through the synchronous image matching device. The transmission speed of signal transmission through the cables is close to the speed of light, and time is hardly consumed, so that accurate synchronization of a plurality of camera units in a large-baseline multi-ocular camera system can be realized through transmission of the synchronization signal via the cables.

A method estimates a distance between transceivers in a wireless communications network. A first time interval T is set in a transmitter and a receiver. A signal is transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver at a time t₂ according to a first clock of the transmitter. The signal is received in the receiver at a time t₃. Processing delays of the receivers are determined. A reply to the signal is sent from the receiver to the transmitter at a time t₆ such that |t₃−t₆|=T. The reply is received in the transmitter at a time t₇ of the first clock and a distance d between the transmitter and the receiver is determined according to d=c(|t₂−t₇|−T)/2, where c is the speed of light.

A short-pulse mode-locked laser is configured with at least two reflective elements defining a resonant cavity therebetween, a laser gain element (“GE”) placed inside the resonant cavity at normal incidence and selected from transition metal doped II-VI materials; and an optical pump emitting pulsed output to synchronously or quasi-synchronously pump the GE at a pulse repetition rate frequency f_pump, the pump being configured so that the f_pump substantially matches an inversed round trip time in the resonant cavity f_laser:f_pump≈f_laser=c/2L, where c is the speed of light, L is the length of the resonant cavity. The synchronous or quasi-synchronous pumping triggers and sustains a short-pulse emission of the laser with picosecond or femtosecond pulse durations.

A laser scanner which operates pursuant to the elapsed time principle and which has a pulsed laser that directs successive light pulses into a monitored region. The laser scanner further has a light receiving arrangement for receiving light pulses reflected by an object in the monitored region and that generates electric received signals which are fed to an evaluation unit for determining a distance between the object and the laser scanner based on the elapsed time between the emission of the light pulse and the receipt of the reflected pulse and the speed of light from which a distance signal is formed that is representative of the distance between the object and the scanner. There is a light diverter unit between the pulsed laser and the monitored region which continuously directs light pulses along different directions into the monitored region. A light source is provided which emits a light measuring signal of reduced strength which is also continuously directed into the monitored region in continuously changing directions. The light receiving arrangement is configured to receive the light measuring signal reflected by the object in the monitored region and to generate a reflection signal that is representative of the reflection characteristics of the object. The light pulses and the receiving signals are changeable in dependency of the reflection signal.