78 results about "Forest vegetation" patented technology

The invention discloses an imitated wild gastrodia elata cultivation method through sexual propagation. The imitated wild gastrodia elata cultivation method comprises the steps of the preparation of fallen leaves and cut logs, the cultivation of germinating bacteria and armillariella twigs, the preparation of seeds, land selection and preparation, seeding, field management and harvesting. According to the cultivation method disclosed by the invention, forest resources are fully utilized to develop under-forest resources so as to harvest under-forest non-wood products, and therefore forest vegetation destruction is reduced; as the method adopts a growing environment the same as wild gastrodia elata, geoherbalism of the cultivated gastrodia elata is ensured, the excavation of wild gastrodia elata is also reduced, and therefore wild gastrodia elata resources are effectively protected.

The invention belongs to the field of airborne laser radar forest remote sensing applications, and in particular relates to a single tree segmentation method based on an airborne laser point cloud aggregation relationship. According to the invention, three-dimensional laser point cloud data of the forest vegetation canopy are acquired by using an airborne laser radar, and through the forest identification, the initial segmentation by a local maximum method, the deletion of a wrongly segmented single tree, the cyclic clustering and the processing by a nearest neighbor method, a single tree image segmentation method segmenting a single tree from the forest based on the original three-dimensional laser point cloud data is established. Compared with a CHM single tree segmentation method, the method of the invention is advantageous in that the information loss can be avoided, segmentation errors and improper shape segmentation are reduced, the segmentation effect is excellent, the computation time is also greatly reduced, echo laser points belonging to a specific single tree can be quickly and accurately segmented from the forest laser point cloud data, and the parameter inversion of a single tree, the reconstruction of three-dimensional structural features of the single tree and the validation of forest vegetation parameter inversion are facilitated.

The invention belongs to the technical field of airborne laser radar point cloud data processing, and particularly relates to a single tree segmentation method based on crown three-dimensional point cloud distribution. According to the invention, the method includes obtaining the three-dimensional laser point cloud data of the forest vegetation canopy by using the airborne laser radar; and analyzing the point cloud distribution characteristics of the tree crown according to the shape change trend of the tree crown, and establishing a single tree segmentation method for segmenting a single treefrom a forest based on the original laser point cloud through denoising and filtering, point cloud normalization, tree crown contour point extraction, a trend discrimination method and wrong segmentation tree deletion according to the relationship between points. According to the invention, dependence of single-tree segmentation on prior data is eliminated, a problem of large operation reload caused by the large number of point clouds is solved, compared with a CHM-based single-tree segmentation method, errors caused by CHM generation through point cloud difference values and missing segmentation caused by only utilizing the maximum value of the elevation in each grid during segmentation processing are avoided, and the segmentation effect is quite good..

The invention relates to a bamboo forest carbon sequestration capacity measuring and carbon sequestration capacity improving fertilizer preparation method, which comprises the following six steps: 1, test design: selecting a bamboo forest sample plot, setting and processing a test area, then sampling, determining and computing; measurement and computation of annual respiration carbon emission amount of bamboo forest: measuring soil respiration rate, computing greenhouse gas CO2 emission flux and CO2 emission amount in soil annular accumulated respiration and determining no-root respiration soil CO2 emission amount; 3, measurement and estimation of bamboo forest vegetation carbon storage; 4, measurement and computation of soil carbon storage; 5, computation of bamboo forest annual net carbon fixation amount; and 6, optimum fertilizer preparation for improving bamboo forest carbon sequestration capacity. Through fertilizer application according to the optimum fertilizer preparation scheme obtained in the method disclosed by the invention, the carbon sequestration capacity of the bamboo forest can be obviously improved, and the invention provides an effective and feasible novel scheme for solving the greenhouse effect caused by the increase of atmospheric CO2 concentration.

The invention belongs to the technical field of digitized fine grass cultivation and forest industry by combining vegetational community coverage calculation method and digital imaging as well as computer technology, which is suitable for the grassland vegetation having the height being less than 1 m and the coverage within the range of 5-99 percent; the height of forest cover is more than 5 m, and the shade density is more than 0.5; by combining the advanced digital imaging and computer image processing technology, a color distinguishing decision tree with three primary colors which are red, green and blue is constructed by utilizing the classification means of the decision tree from top to bottom, and taking digital photo software shot in the field as input item according to the color attribute difference of the grass and forest vegetations, and functional modules of digital photo software leading-in, ground object distinguishing, coverage calculating, divided result displaying and contrasting and the like are integrated on a Matlab7.0 platform to set up a visual interface and visual figures which are user interface friendly as well as convenient and fast in human-computer interaction, then the numerical value is calculated. The method can treat the conventional picture formats such as jpg, tif, tiff and bmp in batch to obtain the coverage data of grass and forest vegetations and has the observation accuracy reaching over 95 percent, and can be applied to the related fields such as vegetation dynamic monitoring, resources surveys, global changing vegetation monitoring, etc.

The invention discloses a method for cultivating pleurotus nebrodensis by using kitchen wastes, belonging to the field of re-utilization of waste resources. The method comprises the steps of taking kitchen wastes, miscellaneous wood chips, cottonseed hull, lime powder and gypsum as main raw materials, and preparing the kitchen wastes into a pleurotus nebrodensis mushroom-stick for cultivating pleurotus nebrodensis through several main steps of purification, crushing, material blending, sterilization, inoculation, spawn running, cultivation management, fruiting and the like. The formula and the weight ratio of the culture materials are as follows: 70-80 parts of the kitchen wastes, 5-20 parts of the miscellaneous wood chips, 0-20 parts of the cottonseed hull, 1-5 parts of the lime powder and 1-3 parts of the gypsum.. By adopting the kitchen wastes as the main material, the invention cannot only produce pleurotus nebrodensis with higher nutritive value, but also can treat the kitchen wastes in large scales, as well as effectively protect forest vegetations and save cultivation costs, so that the trend of the national waste resource harmless development is met. The invention has the advantages of low processing and cultivating costs of the mushroom-stick, fast spawn running, high fruiting rate, good security and strong practicability.

The invention belongs to the technical field of forest vegetation degrading evaluation, and is used for solving the problems of large scale range and inconvenient application of a conventional forest vegetation degrading evaluation method. The forest vegetation degrading level evaluation method comprises the following steps: 1, field investigation: 1.1, stand level degrading, and 1.2, individual plant level degrading investigation; and 2, indoor data processing and degrading level calculation: 2.1, stand level degrading level calculation, 2.2, individual plant level degrading grade calculation, and 2.3, general degrading level evaluation. The evaluation method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: by means of application of the evaluation method, the vegetation degrading degree of a construction area is scientifically and quantitatively divided, and different restoring technologies are selected according to the degrading degree, so that the forestation survival rate is comprehensively increased, and seedling after-culture and after-replace cost is saved. By the evaluation method provided by the invention, more remarkable social and economical benefits can be obtained along with comprehensive success of vegetation restoration and forestation construction in various regions.

The invention discloses a method for integrating a space remote sensing system and a ground angle gauge sampling matched system for forest resources. The method finishes the second type investigation of forest resources based on remotely-sensed data and in combination of ground angle gauge sampling data in the field. The method comprises the following steps of: reading the images of a forest investigation region from a space remote sensing satellite to extract forest vegetation information, calculating forest vegetation area and distribution information, checking and modifying the reading result in combination of the ground angle gauge sampling data in the field, calculating accumulation per hectare at the sampling point, inversely calculating the accumulation remote sensing model of a forest survey factor with ground typical random sampling technique in combination of image mechanical sampling technique, and calculating the total accumulation of forest resources in the investigation region. The inventive method reduces field work load, improves investigation efficiency, and realizes large-region and short-period forest resources investigation.

The invention relates to a multi-source data synergetic refined forest vegetation type information remote sensing updating technical method, and relates to the technical field of technologies of remote sensing and geographic information systems. The method realizes the key technology of multi-source data synergetic updating of formation level forest vegetation type information. By the aid of the multi-source data synergetic refined forest vegetation type information remote sensing updating technical method, on the basis of later-stage forest data, multi-time-phase MODIS (moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer) data and earlier-stage forest vegetation type data, later-stage refined forest vegetation type information is updated and obtained. The method has advantages of automation, rapidness, low cost and high precision. After the method is applied in Szechwan, updating precisions of formation and vegetation types respectively can achieve 88% and 90%. The multi-source data synergetic refined forest vegetation type information remote sensing updating technical method is applicable to updating forest vegetation type information in other areas or at other time intervals.

The invention discloses a method for observing preferential flows in arid and semi-arid alpine regions, which belongs to a technical measure for researching forest hydrology processes, water resources and sloping-field runoff characteristics. In a technique and a method for observing preferential flow observing fields in arid and semi-arid alpine regions disclosed by the invention, according to the theories of forest ecology and forest hydrology, the occurrence regularity and development regularity of snowmelt runoffs are observed and studied, and through observation, research and analysis, the change rule of preferential flows under the conditions of different weather conditions, different forest vegetations, different forest coverage rates, different manual acting modes and different slope positions and directions is revealed, thereby finding effective ways of increasing the flow rate of preferential flows, developing and rationally utilizing water resources, making up the flow rate of river channels in dry seasons, relieving the contradiction of water utilization for spring ploughing in the middle and lower reaches of rivers, and solving practical problems which are badly required to be solved in current agricultural production.

The invention relates to a forest fire prediction method for a power transmission line, and the method comprises the steps: employing WRF to obtain temperature T, wind speed V, precipitation R and humidity Q of a near surface of a prediction region at any moment of a prediction time period; determining industrial and agricultural data factor alpha, historical fire point data beta, forest vegetation delta(i)i(/i) and ground cover data eta(i)i(/i) of the prediction region in the prediction time period; calculating a forest fire index F according to the following formula: F = 0 if R is greater than zero; F = alpha*beta(sigma delta(i)i(/i)*eta(i)i(/i))*T*V*Q if R is equal to zero; and predicting the condition of forest fiber of the power transmission line in the region according to the value of F. The method employs the prediction results of an atmosphere numerical model to achieve the forest fiber of the power transmission line, thereby guaranteeing the instantaneity and convenience of meteorological data of a place adjacent to the power transmission line. The data sources are rich, and the prediction precision is high.

The invention relates to an ecological health-care type plain greening excellent plant screening method. According to the method, through evaluation and analysis of the ecological health-care functions of different forest vegetation types, different forest communities and different forest plant species in Zhejiang province, an ecological health-care function evaluation index system, an ecologicalhealth-care type plain greening plant screening and arrangement technology and a plain greening efficient planting technology integrating colorization, beautification and purification into one are gradually established for guiding the development of an ecological health-care plain greening establishing technology in Zhejiang province, promoting the coordinated development of forest health treatment industry in plain areas of Zhejiang province and landscape greening industry, and giving full play to promotion effect of the forest ecological health-care function to the physical and mental healthof people.

The invention discloses a landslide earth surface and deep displacement joint monitoring system. The method comprises a monitoring module (100) arranged on a landslide (4), wherein the monitoring module (100) comprises a fixed inclinometer (7) arranged in the landslide (4), a round prism (12) arranged at the top of the fixed inclinometer (7), and first monitoring terminal equipment (13) arranged at one side of the round prism (12); and an observation module (200) arranged to be opposite to the monitoring module (100) and used for observing the monitoring module (100) in real time, wherein theobservation module (200) comprises a measurement robot (16) and second monitoring terminal equipment (17). The invention further discloses a landslide earth surface and deep displacement joint monitoring method. The monitoring system disclosed by the invention can precisely measure a sliding direction, the surface deformation and the deep displacement of the landslide as the evidence for the calculation, analysis and safe evaluation of the landslide, and the system is stable and reliable, hard to be influenced by the special weathers and the forest vegetation, and high in monitoring precision.

The invention discloses a method for detecting the landform of a mangrove forest based on Landsat satellite remote sensing, which is characterized in that a plurality of effective feature extraction means and an end-to-end training method are adopted, an obtained model has an end-to-end mangrove forest identification prediction function, and the method specifically comprises the following steps of data acquisition and expansion, network design, network training and output and the like. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the size of the input Landsat satellite remote sensing data is not limited, the growth condition and dynamic condition of mangrove forest vegetation can be accurately monitored, the identification efficiency and precision are high, the method is simple and convenient, and the effectiveness is high.

The invention discloses a special rubber tree fertilizer for promoting high and stable yields, and a fertilization method of the fertilizer. The special rubber tree fertilizer comprises the following active ingredients in parts by mass: 11-15 parts of nitrogen, 7-12 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 8-18 parts of potassium oxide, 2-4 parts of magnesium oxide, 0.2-0.4 parts of N-(n-butyl)thiophosphoric triamide, 0.1-0.2 parts of 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate and 3.6-4.8 parts of organic matter; and the total nutrient content is 41.6-43%. The fertilization method comprises the steps that a fertilizer trench is dug; a conventional commercial organic fertilizer or farmyard manure is applied; the special rubber tree fertilizer is applied after several months; earthing is performed; and green manuring fertility is performed matched with crabrooting hilling and forest vegetation management. The fertilizer creates a loose, fertile, wet and ventilated soil environment for a rubber tree, and continuously and stably provides nutrients. After the special rubber tree fertilizer is applied, a nutrient deficiency symptom of the rubber tree is alleviated; the nutrients overall trend to balance; and the rubber yield is greatly increased.

The invention relates to an evaluation method for an understory environment applicable to planting of pseudo-ginseng, belonging to the field of crop cultivation. According to the invention, a forest plant generates a mutual generation or constraining effect to foreign plants mainly through root exudates, volatile matters and understory special soil microorganisms to affect the understory growth ofplant populations. Thus, the invention provides a method for rapidly evaluating whether released allelopathic substances and formed special soil by different tree species are applicable to the growthof the pseudo-ginseng or not, and for determining whether forest vegetation is applicable to planting of the pseudo-ginseng or not through rapid analysis of influence of volatile matters, leaching matters, understory special soil microorganisms and abiotic factors on the growth of the pseudo-ginseng; and the invention also provides a judgment method for influence on the growth of the pseudo-ginseng. The method provided by the invention only needs three months to complete the whole process of evaluation, so the forest vegetation applicable to planting of the pseudo-ginseng can be rapidly selected.

The invention relates to a method for inversing a forest canopy aggregation index on the basis of full-waveform laser radar data, and belongs to the technical field of spatial information. Firstly, the ratio of ground echo energy to total echo energy is utilized as a clearance score of a forest canopy of a laser radar observation area; secondly, vertical clearance distribution of the forest canopyof the laser radar observation area is calculated on the basis of a radiation transfer model only considering single scattering about laser radar, and the result is further used for calculating a canopy clearance score of a crown branch and leaf element in a random distribution state; and finally, by taking the obtained canopy clearance score of the crown branch and leaf element in the random distribution state and a clearance score of the crown branch and leaf element in a nonrandom distribution state as inputs, the aggregation index of the forest canopy is solved on the basis of the Beer'slaw. By utilizing the method, inversion of the high-resolution forest canopy aggregation index can be achieved. The method has the important research significance and application value in the field ofresearching for quantitative remote sensing of forest vegetation.

The invention discloses a field planting method for spatholobus stem comprising following steps: spatholobus stem seedlings are obtained from seed germination; original botanical gardens, old spatholobus stem lands or red sandalwood forest vegetation lands which are 500 to 1500 meters above the sea level are selected as field planting lands, and base fertilizer is laid in planting pits and then covered with soil and well mixed; 20 to 25 plants of spatholobus stem seedlings are planted per mu, well grown spatholobus stem is obtained through final-period management. According to the method of the invention, the technology of orientated transplanting to mountain forest is adopted so that the spatholobus stem grows naturally and wildly in wild condition; the pure natural green product features of spatholobus stem is maintained through utilizing the natural and beneficial bacteria to control pests and diseases damage. During growth, vegetation woodland trees are used as climbing materials so that artificial establishing work of climbing rack is reduced and labor cost is reduced. During growth, surplus vines are trimmed, only main rattan canes are kept for extending vines upwards and providing sufficient nutrition for the growth of the main rattan canes and thus increasing the product quality of spatholobus stem.

The invention relates to a multi-time sequence index change trend-based automatic grain for green recognition method. The method comprises the following steps of: establishing a multi-year daily enhanced vegetation index time sequence data set of a research area, and extracting 5 time sequence indexes such as abundance, time sequence dispersion, growing period length, high-quantile sustainabilityand low-quantile sustainability pixel by pixel and year by year on the basis of enhanced vegetation index time sequence data; detecting multi-year change trends of the five time sequence indexes in sequence; and establishing an automatic grain for green recognition flow chart on the basis of the change trends of the five time sequence indexes, so as to realize automatic grain for green recognition. According to the method, vegetation growth states are divided according to quantile values, a plurality of time sequence indexes are designed from the aspects of coverage time, average state and change amplitude to describe the growth features of single-season crops, multi-season crops and forest vegetation, so that changes from crops to forests are indicated by utilizing the change trends of multi-time sequence indexes and then grain for green areas are automatically recognized; and the method has good flexibility and extensibility.

The invention provides a Phoebe bournei natural secondary forest health evaluation model. In the health evaluation model, H is a forest health index and represents a comprehensive evaluation value of a health condition; Bj represents a value of a jth index after dimensionalization; Wj represents a total sorting weight value of the jth index; and n is the total index number; and each index comprises unit area accumulation amount, forest stand canopy density, natural updating, forest growth vigor, community structure, forest layer structure, tree species structure, diameter level structure, forest pest and disease damage, forest fire, under-forest vegetation coverage, species diversity, Phoebe bournei mother tree plant number, forest naturalness, forest land quality and litter thickness. According to the Phoebe bournei natural secondary forest health evaluation model, a health evaluation index system and a health evaluation model of the Phoebe bournei natural secondary forest are constructed; the Phoebe bournei natural secondary forest in Jiangxi Province is evaluated; a main countermeasure for promoting health operation is provided according to an evaluation result; and a scientific basis is provided for protection and sustainable operation of the Phoebe bournei natural secondary forest.

The invention discloses a cottage propagation method of caulis spatholobi. The cottage propagation method of caulis spatholobi comprises the following steps that caulis spatholobi seedlings are tender seedlings obtained through manual cottage; a place with the height above sea level of 500 to 1500m, an original botanic garden or an old caulis spatholobi land or a rosewood forest vegetation woodland is selected as a field planting land; base fertilizers are put into field planting pits, and then, soil is covered for uniform stirring; after the transplantation and the field planting according to the density of 120 to 125 plants in per mu, final-period management is performed, and the caulis spatholobi with good growth vigour is obtained. The cottage propagation method has the advantages that a directional transplanting forest technology is used; the caulis spatholobi can naturally and wildly grow in the wild state; natural and beneficial bacteria fungi in ambient environment are used for controlling pest and disease damage; the advantages of the original pure natural and green product of the caulis spatholobi are maintained. In the growth process, vegetation woodland trees are used as climbing substances; the work of manually erecting the climbing frame is reduced; the work cost is reduced. In the growth process, redundant vines are trimmed; main rattan stems are only reserved for upwards extending; the sufficient nutrient is provided for the growth of the main rattan stems; the finished product quality of the caulis spatholobi is improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of ground laser radar point cloud data processing, and particularly relates to a tree trunk point cloud efficient extraction method based on cylinder features. According to the tree trunk point cloud extraction method, three-dimensional laser point cloud data in forest vegetation obtained by a ground laser radar is utilized, ground point filtering, normalization layering, tree trunk positioning and tree trunk extraction processing are carried out based on cylindrical features of a tree trunk, and the tree trunk point cloud extraction method for extracting point cloud of a tree trunk below a tree crown from a ground laser radar forest point cloud is established. Compared with an existing tree trunk point cloud extraction method, the tree trunk point cloud extraction method has the advantages that the tree trunk can be accurately positioned, the tree trunk point cloud can be finely extracted, meanwhile, the algorithm efficiency is high, the robustness is high, and the method is suitable for extraction of the tree trunk point cloud in large scenes such as forests and can be applied to many fields such as forestry resource investigation, forest scene reconstruction and forest structure parameter extraction.

The invention relates to a method for determining a reasonable stand density based on a forest-water relationship, which automatically determines the stand density by using a computer program according to the rainfall resource environment capacity under the condition of rainfall resource supply. The determination process comprises the steps of (1) determining technical parameters, (2) establishing a reasonable stand density model of the forest-water relationship, and (3) determining the reasonable stand density. The technical parameters comprise (1) rainfall resource environment capacity V, (2) under-forest evaporation dissipation water consumption v1 and (3) single-plant water consumption v2 of arbor species with different diameters at breast height. According to the method, starting from the most important restrictive factor water resource of northern forest vegetation, the regional rainfall resource environment capacity and the transpiration water consumption dynamic change are comprehensively considered, the problem of reasonable operation density of different tree species in the whole life cycle under the regional rainfall resource environment capacity is effectively solved, and the method plays an important role in improving forest quality and forest ecosystem stability.