123results about How to "Shorten the maturity time" patented technology

The invention discloses a rapid decomposition method for returning summer maize straws, which is used for solving the problem of decomposition of the maize straws. The method comprises the following steps of: crushing the maize straws in the fields, and totally and directly returning the crushed maize straws; after the crushed maize straws are returned, broadcasting materials, such as a decomposition agent, accessory ingredients and the like, in a way that 2 to 2.5 kilograms of decomposition agent, 3 to 5 kilograms of accessory ingredients, 0.5 to 1 kilogram of water-retaining agent and 6 to 8 kilograms of urea are broadcast into each acre of land; and timely performing ploughing or rotary tillage and sowing winter wheat after a week. The method has the main advantages that: 1, the summermaize straws are mechanically crushed in situ and then totally and directly returned and utilized, so the problems of difficulties in the collection, transportation and storage of the maize straws are solved; 2, the maize straws are rapidly decomposed, so the straw decomposition rate is increased, soil nutrients are returned, soil conditions are improved, simultaneously seedlings of the followingwinter wheat come out uniformly and the rate of emergence is greatly increased; and 3, farming in the fields is easy to operate and execute, and the method is delightedly accepted by farmers and is convenient to execute.

The invention relates to a compound microbial bacterial preparation for degrading crop straw and a preparation method and application of the compound microbial bacterial preparation. The compound microbial bacterial preparation is prepared from bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, aspergillus niger, aspergillus flavus, trichoderma reesei, trichoderma longibrachiatum, sporotrichum thermophile and phanerochaete chrysosporium through solid fermentation. The compound microbial bacterial preparation can shorten the decomposition time and improve the decomposition efficiency of the crop straw. Microorganisms generate various effective metabolic products with nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubilizing functions and a high disease and pest resistance effect in the fermentation process, so that the compound microbial bacterial preparation is favorable for improving the soil structure and the yield and the quality of crops.

The invention provides a microbial straw rotting agent, which adopts the strains having mutual synergistic action without generating antagonistic action as production strains: cellulase preparation, Fomes annosus, Bacillus subtilis, Thermobifida fusca, Bacillus pumilus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The microbial straw rotting agent has high decomposition effect on the main components of the straws, has biological control function, and can inhibit growth of crop sheath blight, rice blast, wheat root rot, strawberry gray mold and other pathogens. The product has the advantages of short manufacturing period, high production efficiency and low cost, and is safe and convenient to use.

The invention discloses a method for producing a fertilizer by stewing a mixture of stalks and sludge by alkali substances, which mainly takes the mixture of concentrated sludge and vegetal stalk powder as raw materials and comprises the following technology steps: adding a medicament formed by a right quantity of alkali substances and sodium pyrophosphate into the mixture of the concentrated sludge and the vegetal stalk powder to be stewed for 0.5-6 hours under the temperature between 110 DEG C and 170 DEG C; neutralizing the mixture to pH=4-9 by an inorganic acid or an organic acid; and directly preparing a commodity organic fertilizer, or adding a right quantity of chemical fertilizers, i.e. nitrogen, phosphorus, kalium, trace elements, and the like to the mixture to prepare an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, or separating the mixture to prepare a liquid organic fertilizer. The invention has simple technology and high rotten conversion speed of the raw materials, can achieve the purpose of the sterilization, the disinfection and the deodorization of the raw materials, has high organic matter and humic acid content of products and high fertilizer efficiency of the products and can realize the large-scale and low-cost fertilization utilization of the sludge and agricultural stalk wastes.

The invention belongs to the technical field of microorganism, in particular to a compound microbial preparation used for directly decomposing crop straws, namely an efficient straw-decomposing inoculant. The efficient straw-decomposing inoculant comprises the following raw materials by weight percentage: 20-30 percent of bacillus subtilis, 10-15 percent of white light gray streptomycete, 5-10 percent of endomycopsis fibuligera, 5-10 percent of candida utilis, 10-15 percent of aspergillus, 10-15 percent of paecilomyces lilacinus, 10-15 percent of trichoderma harzianum and 20-30 percent of thermophilus streptomycete. The efficient straw-decomposing inoculant is organically combined with soil no-tillage, shifting and fallow to achieve the comprehensive purposes of protecting the environment, improving soil, increasing the utilization rate of fertilizers, increasing the quantity and the quality of agricultural products and developing the ecological agriculture.

The invention relates to an environment-friendly straw fermenting agent. The environment-friendly straw fermenting agent is prepared from the following seven raw materials in percentage by weight: 25 percent of bacillus subtilis, 15 percent of trichoderma viride, 18 percent of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 12 percent of aspergillus niger, 10 percent of streptomyces hygroscopicus, 10 percent of trichoderma koningii and 10 percent of arthrobacter. The environment-friendly straw fermenting agent can accelerate the decomposition speed of cellulose and can completely decompose crop straws within aboutten days to return to the field, so that the straws are corroded, blackened and composted. The environment-friendly straw fermenting agent can accelerate release of nutrient elements in the straws, provides more nutrients for growth of the crops at the later stage, maintains and improves soil fertility, improves soil organic matter, improves physicochemical property of the soil, increases the yield of the crops by about 10 percent, and can be widely applied to returning straws of the crops such as rice, wheat, corn and the like to the field.

The invention discloses a crop straw decomposition agent. The crop straw decomposition agent is composed of the following components by mass percent: 20%-30% of bacillus subtilis, 20%-30% of aspergillus niger, 10%-15% of candida utilis, 15%-20% of trichoderma viride, 10%-15% of aspergillus oryzae and 1%-2% of cellulase. In order to solve the problems such that current straws are directly returned to fields, and the temperature rise is slow, the decomposition is slow and the decomposition effect is poor when the straws are used for composting an organic fertilizer, crop straw decomposition is tested for a plurality of years, microorganism strains and biological enzyme preparations are continuously screened, and finally, the bacillus subtilis, the aspergillus niger, the candida utilis, the trichoderma viride, the aspergillus oryzae and the cellulase are prepared into the crop straw decomposition agent according to the scheme. The four fungi are not antagonistic and combined with the cellulase to have a synergistic interaction effect and the straws can be rapidly decomposed.

The invention discloses a biological straw decomposition agent and a preparation method thereof and particularly relates to a biological straw decomposition agent taking funguses and bacteria as raw materials and a production method of the biological straw decomposition agent. According to the biological straw decomposition agent, trichoderma longibrachiatum, aspergillus terreus, phanerochaete chrysosporium, paenibacillus amylolyticus and torulopsis candida are taken as compound stains; a cellulolytic enzyme, a semi-cellulolytic enzyme and a ligninolytic enzyme are mainly produced; the strains have good mutualistic symbiosis and metabiosis effects and have no antagonisms. When the biological straw decomposition agent is used, the decomposition agent is uniformly scattered into fields after crop straws (wheat, corns and rice) are crushed and dispersed on the ground; the dosage of the biological straw decomposition agent is 30kg per 1hm<2> and then the straws and the decomposition agent are ploughed under the ground.

The invention relates to an in-situ composting method and device of crop straws, belonging to the research field of agricultural environment protection. The method comprises the following steps: grinding harvested straws in an improved straw grinder or kneading in a straw kneader; adding calcium superphosphate, magnesium sulfate or urea based on the weight percent of the straws; composting and fermenting at high temperature; and turning until the temperature rises to above 65 DEG C. Feeding equipment is added at the front end of the grinding device of the grinder, so that the grinder can adapt to feed, crush and grind creeper or thick-stem vegetable residuals, thus reducing nitrogen losses, thoroughly eliminating pathogenic organisms carried by the straws in the process of composting the vegetable straws, and greatly quickening warming, softening and decomposing processes of the straws. The key technology and the device are provided for effectively treating and utilizing the straws in time, thus providing technological support for forbidding firing and discarding the straws and recycling the straws.

The invention discloses a straw decomposing inoculant and a method for fast decomposing straws. The decomposing inoculant comprises a chemical curing agent and a biological curing agent, wherein the chemical curing agent is one or a mixture of more than two of ammonium bicarbonate, alkali lignin and lignin sodium sulfonate; the biological curing agent is a bactericide containing cellulose-decomposing bacteria and an organic matrix, wherein the bactericide containing cellulose-decomposing bacteria is composite bacteria containing more than two of Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus cereus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida, Bacillus subtilis, Cellulomonas flavigena, Streptomyces microflavus and Trichoderma viride. The method for decomposing straws comprises the following steps of: crushing the straws, adding water solution of the chemical curing agent, and then adding the biological curing agent. The method of the invention has simple and easy operation, easily obtained materials and lower cost, shortens the decomposing time, enables the straws to be decomposed within 7-10 days, and has excellent popularization value.

The invention discloses a corn straw fermentation microorganism agent which consists of phanerochaete chrysosporium, trichoderma koningii, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and monilia tropicalis. The corn straw fermentation microorganism agent disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effects that the microorganism agent is reasonable in formula and convenient to use; the straw rotting speed is high; the corn straw fermentation microorganism agent has the characteristics of new combination, stable structure, high enzyme activity, high microbial content and the like. The corn straw fermentation microorganism agent can be used for performing high-efficiency and environment-friendly fermentation on corn straw materials, so that a feed can contain a large amount of microorganism live cells, clastic enzymes and other active components, and the utilization rate of the corn straw materials can be effectively increased. The practical significance of solving the problem of environment pollution is achieved; furthermore, the actual application values such as the protein content and the nutritional value in the corn straw materials can be improved; good preconditions are created for recycling application of corn straws.

The invention discloses a method for producing a fertilizer by utilizing mud and plant straws, mainly comprising the following steps with the mixture of concentrated mud and plant straw powders as theraw material and one or a plurality of ammonium sulfite, sodium sulfite and potassium hydrogen sulfite as the stewing decay agent: the stewing decay agent accounting for 8-15 percent of the reduced dry weight of the raw material and the raw material are mixed uniformly, and are stewed at the temperature of 125-170 DEG C for 2-7 hours to obtain the semi-finished product of slurry organic fertilizer which can be directly prepared into commercial organic fertilizer; or appropriate amount of chemical fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphor, kalium and trace elements are added into the semi-finished product to prepare organic-inorganic composite fertilizer; or the semi-finished product is separated to prepare an organic kalium liquid fertilizer and an organic ammonium liquid fertilizer. The method has simple technology, the decay conversion speed of raw materials is fast, and the purposes of sterilizing, decontaminating and deodorizing the raw material can be realized with the method; the product has high organic content and humic acid content, is sulfur-bearing, and has high fertilizer efficiency; and with the method, the large-scale and low-cost fertilizer utilization of the mud and plant straw waste is realized.

The invention discloses a production method using food residues to prepare functional microorganism organic fertilizer.The production method includes the steps of a, collecting fresh kitchen wastes, and performing solid-waste separation to obtain solid wastes and liquid wastes; b, preparing fermentation substrates; c, respectively inoculating candida mycoderma bacteria, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus and aspergillus niger into the fermentation substrates to perform first fermentation compost; d, turning piles and inoculating bacillus subtilis, pseudomonas fluorescens and streptomyces, turning piles, fermenting, and drying with cold air to obtain the finished functional microorganism organic fertilizer, wherein pH is 6.5-7.5, and moisture content is 35-50%.The production method has the advantages that the food residues are processed reasonably, and the functional microorganism organic fertilizer is prepared at low cost; the food residues are processed reasonably and thoroughly, the functional microorganism organic fertilizer with high practicality and high value is produced by using the functional strains, the utilization value of the wastes is maximized, and the method is green and free of pollution.

The invention belongs to the field of organic matrixes and particularly relates to bacillus subtilis, compound microbial agent, organic matrix and preparation and application thereof. A preservation number of Bacillus subtilis BS-W1 is CCTCC M 2017589. The bacillus subtilis can be prepared into the compound microbial agent to further obtain the organic matrix by preparation through high-temperature composting. Since bacillus subtilis strains have high tolerance capacity under the fermentation condition of 70 DEG C and are capable of secreting various hydrolysis enzymes to efficiently degrade macromolecular organics such as proteins, starch and cellulose in raw materials, and the compost center temperature can be increased to 70 DEG C. The composting fermentation temperature is increased ascompared with that of a conventional composting technique, and accordingly contents of organics and total nutrients are increased remarkably, and pathogenic bacteria, parasite ova, weed seeds and thelike can be effectively killed.

The present invention relates to new technological process of aerobically composting sludge with suspended biological carrier normally used in sewage treatment as the amendment. The sludge material is added with wood dust in 5-15 wt% of sludge and suspending biological carrier stuffing in 5-10 wt% of sludge as the amendment to make the stirred material possess water content of 60-70 %. The aerobic fermentation apparatus is dynamically controlled I ventilation and stirring frequency for fast composing treatment. Finally, the suspending biological carrier stuffing is sieved out for reuse. The new amendment of the present invention has good attaching performance, no loss and reuse, and the present invention has high composing efficiency.

The invention claims a sludge organic fertilizer for forestry and afforestation and a preparation method thereof. The organic fertilizer comprises 30-35% of total carbon, 1-2% of N, 2-3% of P2O5, 1-3% of K2O and 25-30% of water. The organic fertilizer is prepared by fermentation of sludge. The specific preparation method comprises the following steps of: A, regulating a water content of the sludge to 55-65%, a C / N value to 27-33, and a content of the total carbon to 35-45%; B, fermenting and composting for the first time for 65-75 hours at a temperature in a range of 50-52 DEG C and a pH value of 7-11; and C, fermenting and composting for the second time for 55-75 h at a temperature in a range of 53-55 DEG C and the pH value of 7-9. According to the invention, the organic fertilizer is prepared by two-step aerobic composting to shorten an aging time of a traditional windrow sludge composting method from 30-40 days to 110-160 hours. Compared with the traditional method, the method provided by the invention is characterized by lower fermentation temperature (but not lower than 50 DEG C), low production energy consumption caused by high water content of the organic fertilizer and low production cost. The method is used for fertilization production on the aspect of afforestation. The sewage sludge fertilizer is used for increasing organic matter of soil, is good for growth of forest vegetation, and embodies a theory of forest ecological balance and circulation economy.

The invention discloses a bioreactor, which comprises a reactor, a horizontal perforation ventilation pipe, a vertical perforation ventilation pipe, a percolate adjusting tank, a percolate discharge guide pipe, a water seal tank and an air collection cover. The horizontal ventilation pipe is installed at the bottom end inside the reactor, and two ends of the horizontal ventilation pipe are both communicated with the external. One end of the vertical ventilation pipe is communicated with the horizontal ventilation pipe, and the other end of the vertical ventilation pipe is communicated with the external. A submersible sewage pump is arranged in the percolate adjusting tank, a water outlet of the submersible sewage pump is communicated with a water distributor through a percolate recharge pipe, and the water distributor is arranged at the top of the reactor. One end of the percolate discharge guide pipe is communicated with the bottom of the reactor, the other end of the percolate discharge guide pipe is communicated with the percolate adjusting tank, and an outlet of the percolate discharge guide pipe is located above the highest water line of the percolate adjusting tank. The percolate discharge guide pipe, the percolate recharge pipe and the horizontal ventilation pipe are respectively provided with a switch valve. The water seal tank is arranged at the upper end of the reactor, and air collection cover is installed on the water seal tank and covers the opening end at the top of the reactor, and an air discharge port is arranged on the air collection cover. An aerobic-anaerobic-semi-aerobic circulation treatment method of household garbage is further disclosed.

The invention provides a method for improving soil through rice straw returning. The method comprises the steps that firstly, rice straw is pretreated, the pretreated rice straw is stacked into a long trapezoid, and a biological agent is adopted for fermenting the rice straw to obtain straw a composted substance. The adopted biological preparation has the powerful composting effect on straw, in the fermentation process, a large number of functional bacteria are bred, and various special-effect metabolites are generated, and therefore growth and development of crops are stimulated; crop disease resistance, drought resistance and cold resistance are improved, after functional bacteria enter soil, nitrogen fixation, phosphorus dissolving, potassium dissolving can be achieved, the soil structure can be improved, and the chemical fertilizer utilization rate can be increased.

A straw organic decomposition agent is prepared from bacillus subtilis, brewer's yeast and aspergillus oryzae, the content of bacillus subtilis is larger than or equal to 15 billion cfu / g, the content of the brewer's yeast is larger than or equal to 20 billion cfu / g, the content of aspergillus oryzae is larger than or equal to 500 million cfu / g, and the number of effective living bacteria in the decomposition agent is larger than or equal to 265 million per gram. In the straw organic decomposition agent, only three original strains exist, bacteria, fungus living bacteria and an enzymic preparation are compounded, multiple components achieve a synergistic effect in the decomposition process, a cellulase preparation is cultured by mixing bacillus subtilis, brewer's yeast, aspergillus oryzae and the like, multiple kinds of cellulase systems are generated, good applicability is achieved, lignin ingredients in straw can be damaged fast, cellulose and hemicellulose in organic materials are exposed, and the decomposition time of the straw is shortened. A method for screening strains is efficient and practical, the production and fermentation process is simple, the production period is short, the number of the living bacteria and the enzyme activity level are high and stable, the use effect of the prepared decomposition agent is superior to that of an existing product, and wide industrialization prospects are achieved.

The invention discloses a method using Hermetia illucens and microorganisms to jointly convert chicken manure. The method includes: using the Hermetia illucens and the microorganisms to jointly convert chicken manure, and subjecting chicken manure residues to aerobic fermentation by decomposing microbial inoculums and secondary fermentation by functional microorganisms. By the method, chicken manure accumulation can be reduced greatly, and the decomposing cycle is shortened; produced Hermetia illucens mature larvae can be used for producing protein feed, and microbial organic fertilizer produced by larva manure after joint conversion is high in fertilizer efficiency and can resist common soil-borne plant diseases.

The invention belongs to the field of biological fermentation and particularly provides a biological preparation capable of promoting rapid degradation of straw and a production technology of the biological preparation. According to the biological preparation for straw degradation, fine organic matter is taken as a medium and carrier for anaerobic fermentation, crop straw is subjected to aerobic fermentation, an anaerobic fermentation product and an aerobic fermentation product are subjected to after-treatment, weak strains not adaptable to the environment are eliminated, dominant microflora capable of rapidly degrading the straw and adapting to the environment is obtained, and finally, the high-efficiency biological preparation adapting to the local environment and used for the straw degradation is obtained. The biological preparation has the characteristic as follows: the related problems that the comprehensive utilization rate of the straw is low, stacking composting speed is low, the number of effective viable bacteria adaptable to the local environment is small and the like can be solved.

The invention provides a method for promoting high efficiency decomposition of enteromorpha powder by using enzymatically hydrolyzed sea-tangle residues and application of a product. According to the invention, dried enteromorpha powder is used as a raw material; a solid microbial inoculum is selected; enzymatically hydrolyzed sea-tangle residues of different levels are added; promotion effects of different addition amounts of the enzymatically hydrolyzed sea-tangle residues of different levels on high efficiency decomposition of enteromorpha powder are researched under same culture conditions; an appropriate additive for aerobic composting of enteromorpha powder is provided so as to improve the utilization rate of enteromorpha powder. The method provided by the invention enables decomposition time to be shortened by 1 / 3, allows the content of organic matters and the content of humic acid to be increased by 2 to 3 times, respectively, greatly improves a decomposition effect and decomposition efficiency and creates conditions for application of a decomposition product in a fertilizer.

The invention discloses a strong-flavor distiller grain bio-organic fertilizer, which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 40-60 parts of strong-flavor liquor distiller grain, 20-40 parts of auxiliary materials, 1-2 parts of dust urea, 0.1-5 parts of waste ammonia water, 0.5-1 part of a special decomposition agent, 5-10 parts of grease production wastes and 2-5 parts of calcium superphosphate. The preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: raw material mixing, high-temperature decomposition, cooling, aging, initial product adjustment and finished product delivery. According to the organic fertilizer, chemical waste is used for pH value adjustment and carbon-nitrogen ratio pretreatment of fermentation. Firstly, through the combination of enzyme and bacteria, the decomposition time is shortened, the water-soluble humic acid in the product is improved, and the fertilizer efficiency is improved; secondly, the technology can fully utilize chemical waste, and the production cost is lower. The organic fertilizer is used for fruits, vegetables, tea and other crops, can effectively improve the rhizosphere soil environment of the crops, promotes the absorption of various mineral elements by root systems, promotes the growth and development of the crops, and improves the yield and quality of the crops.

The invention provides a method for manufacturing organic fertilizer with orange peels and municipal sludge as main raw materials and organic fertilizer aiming at the problems that at present, the orange peels and the municipal sludge cause secondary pollution easily and the reclamation utilization rate is low. The organic fertilizer comprises, by weight, 30-35% of the orange peels, 30-35% of the municipal sludge, 15-20% of livestock manure, 16-23% of straw and 1-2% of biological strains. The organic fertilizer is obtained after ingredient preparing, initial fermenting, compost maturity, airing and insect killing are carried out. The organic fertilizer meets the organic fertilizer standard in our country. According to the method, the technology is simple, cost is low, hazard-free treatment and reclamation are effectively carried out on the orange peels and the municipal sludge, and the method has good environmental benefits and economic benefits.

A vermiculite oxygen scavenger and a rapid composting fermentation method for treating sludge by using the same. The sludge composting fermentation oxygen scavenger is a mixture of plant particles and vermiculite, and its weight ratio is 1:1-1.3. Its advantages are: increase the permeability and looseness of the compost; make the compost fermentation process uniform; after composting, the obtained clinker is loose, the vermiculite and the material are easy to separate, and the dominant microorganisms attached to the micropores on the surface can be separated with time. They are used together as recycled materials; due to the low loss of vermiculite particles during use, they can be recycled and reused, and the loss rate of each compost is less than 5%; the operating cost is low, and the crushing process of sawdust or straw is reduced, greatly reducing Labor intensity and obvious economic benefits; the early heating speed of composting is fast, and the dehydration and cooling of the compost body are more rapid at the end of composting; the time required for composting to decompose can be shortened by 5-7 days, which is about 1 / 2 shorter than the composting cycle of similar industrial composting technologies at home and abroad 3. It improves the composting efficiency and is more suitable for the automatic control of the composting process.

The invention discloses a laying hen excrement composting method capable of reducing compost raw material ammonia production amount. The method comprises the following steps of: taking straw; cutting the straw into sections of 2-3 meters; mixing the laying hen excrement with rice bran and the straw sections according to a mass ratio of 28: 9: 1 to ensure that the initial water content of the compost raw material is 55-65 percent; composting for 30 days to finish a composting process to obtain fertilizers; and turning over the compost on 3rd, 7th, 11th, 15th, 19th and 25th days from the beginning of compositing. By the laying hen excrement composting method, the straw is added into the laying hen excrement-rice bran compost, so that the ammonia volatilization peak value is lowered, the volatilization time of the ammonia is shortened, and the ammonia production amount is reduced; the straw is added to promote the decomposition and utilization of soluble carbon, boost the temperature rise of the compost, improve the temperature of the compost, and relatively shortens the ripening time of the compost. The method is easy to operate, wide in sources of the raw materials, low in cost and high in practical value; the nitrogen loss is 8 percent; and the nitrogen loss of the conventional laying hen composting method is up to 23-65 percent.

The invention provides a biological agent used for straw composting. The biological agent comprises a composting agent and a compost agent, wherein the composting agent is prepared from a composite bacteria liquid and carriers in a weight ratio of 2 to 3; the compost agent is prepared from a cake powder, lime and urea in a weight ratio of 7-8 to 4-5 to 3-4. According to the biological agent provided by the invention, the materials is thoroughly composted in the straw treatment process, and a large quantity of functional microorganisms and various metabolites such as plant hormones and antibiotics are generated, so that the growth and the development of crops are stimulated, the soil nutrient is improved, the soil structure is improved, the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers is improved, and the biological agent is simple and convenient in operation and beneficial for production.

The invention discloses a production method of a pest control organic fertilizer and belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer production. The production method comprises the following process steps in sequence: (1) extracting nicotine sulfate; (2) performing pre-fermentation, namely mixing cow dung with tobacco waste residues obtained after extracting nicotine sulfate in a weight ratio of 1:3, adding a fermentation strain and a fermentation loosening agent, introducing oxygen and stirring to ferment for 3 days; (3) performing main fermentation, namely adding the fermentation loosening agent into a main fermentation bin, and introducing oxygen to ferment for 18 days; (4) performing secondary fermentation, namely adding the fermentation loosening agent into a decomposition fermentation bin, and introducing oxygen to ferment for 5 days to prepare a decomposed organic fertilizer; (5) compounding, namely adding 0.05% of nicotine sulfate; and (6) crushing and screening. The production method disclosed by the invention can be used for performing full fermentation on the extracted waste residues in tobacco solid wastes, improving the fertilizer effect of the organic fertilizer, and ensuring that the organic fertilizer simultaneously has the beneficial effects of functions of preventing diseases and insects and the like.

The invention discloses a special fertilizer for jackfruit. The special fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of animal waste, 20-40 parts of plant straws, 0.03-0.05 part of organic material decomposition agent, 40-50 parts of urea, 20-30 parts of calcium superphosphate, 20-30 parts of potassium sulfate, 3-5 parts of humic acid, 3-5 parts of mineral substance, 1-3 parts of compound amino acid, 0.1-0.3 part of plant growth regulator, 0.5-1 part of chlorothalonil 500-times liquid and 0.5-1 part of bacillus amyloliquefaciens.

The invention provides a method for returning straws into a field through stack retting by using a microbial preparation. The method comprises the following steps: conveying the straws into the nearby field; digging channels in the periphery of the field and carrying out ridging by a distance which is 30 cm or above; flattening a stack bottom, wherein the width of a straw stack is 1.5-2.0 meters, and the height of the straw stack is 1.5-1.8 meters; adding a dilute microbial inoculum which accounts for 20-30% of the weight of the straws to obtain a matured product; adding a compost preparation under the condition that the ratio of the matured product to the compost preparation is 3: 2; and after the matured product and the compost preparation are mixed uniformly, tightly sealing the mixture by using mud or black plastic agricultural films, and fermenting for 10 days to obtain straw fermented organic fertilizers. The straws can be directly returned into the field.