208 results about "Material decomposition" patented technology

A CT scanner acquires CT images at different energy levels and registers those images to provide a composite image that is substantially free of beam hardening artifacts and conspicuously provides atomic information of that imaged.

A method for analyzing materials in an object includes acquiring x-ray projection data of the object at high energy and at low energy for a plurality of views. The acquired x-ray projection data is utilized in a material decomposition to determine material densities at each pixel for two selected basis materials. A composition of an object at each pixel is determined utilizing a determined mapping of material density regions for the two selected basis materials. An image indicative of the composition of the object is displayed utilizing the determined composition.

A method for reducing mis-registration during multiple energy scanning on computed tomographic (CT) imaging systems or multiple energy electron beam tomographic (EBT) systems includes scanning a portion of a patient including a cyclically moving body part using a multiple energy computed tomographic (CT) imaging system or multiple energy electron beam tomographic (EBT) system having at least two different energies, monitoring the cyclically moving body part, and gating the multiple energy CT imaging system or multiple energy EBT system in accordance with the monitored cyclically moving body part so that acquisitions are acquired at at least two different kVps. The data acquired at the different kVps are then utilized to generate material decomposition images of the cyclically moving body part.

A diagnostic imaging system includes a high frequency electromagnetic energy source that emits a beam of high frequency electromagnetic energy toward an object to be imaged, a detector that receives high frequency electromagnetic energy emitted by the high frequency electromagnetic energy source, and a data acquisition system (DAS) operably connected to the detector. A computer is operably connected to the DAS and is programmed to generate corresponding sets of projection values for three or more energy spectra through employment of attenuation coefficients of three or more basis materials to simulate responses of the diagnostic imaging system to a plurality of lengths of the three or more basis materials wherein the three or more basis materials comprise two or more non K-edge basis materials and one or more K-edge basis materials.

The present technique provides for the generation of density maps using one or more basis material decomposition tables or functions. The basis material decomposition tables or functions are generated by simulating the system response to various lengths of basis materials using component characteristics of the CT system as well as the attenuation coefficient for the desired basis material. Measured projection data may be processed using the basis material decomposition tables or functions to provide a set of density line-integral projections that may be reconstructed to form a density map or image.

The invention discloses a material distribution method. The material distribution method includes the following steps that distribution nodes, distribution paths, distribution modes and a packaging rule are set for achieving distribution modeling; information of a BOM structure and a material supplier is acquired, and then basic conditions required for material decomposition are formed; material decomposition is conducted according to distribution modeling information and the preset packaging rule; decomposed material requirements are assembled, in-plant or out-plant distribution bills are acquired, and the materials are distributed through a warehouse or the material supplier. By the adoption of the method, the complexity of an existing distribution system is lowered, the stability and the timeliness of the system are improved, real-time decomposition and real-time distribution (JIT) of the materials are achieved, and the requirements for material pull type distribution in multi-variety, small-batch and mixed flow production in modern discrete manufacturing are met.

A system and method of a diagnostic imaging system includes an x-ray source that emits a beam of x-rays toward an object to be imaged, a detector that receives x-rays emitted by the x-ray source and attenuated by the object, and a data acquisition system (DAS) operably connected to the detector. A computer is operably connected to the DAS and programmed to obtain a number of measurements of energy-sensitive CT measurements in excess of a number of materials to be resolved, decompose the number of measurements into individual materials as an overdetermined system of equations, and generate an image of the individual materials based on the decomposition.

A method for reconstructing image component densities of an object includes acquiring multi-spectral x-ray tomographic data, performing a material decomposition of the multi-spectral x-ray tomographic data to generate a plurality of material sinograms, and reconstructing a plurality of material component density images by iteratively optimizing a functional that includes a joint likelihood term of at least two of the material decomposed sinograms. An x-ray tomography imaging system and a non-transitory computer readable medium are also described herein.

The invention discloses a multifunctional high efficient organic material decomposition agent and a preparation method thereof. The decomposition agent of the invention comprises composite original strains consisting of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Aspergillus oryzae, Trichoderma viride, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae and an organic material carrier, and an inorganic carrier. Strains of the decomposition agent can be mutualistic, and have complementary advantages. The adaptation is wide, and a plurality of organic matter clastic enzymes can be produced by metabolism. The decomposition agent has high activity and can be used for fermentation and conversion of a plurality of organic materials such as livestock and poultry excrements, crop straws, city sludge, food waste, food processing and pharmaceutical waste residues, and has fast fermentation start, fast deodorization, low temperature resistance, and low moisture resistance. The fermentation period is shorter by 5-7 days than that in the same technology. Fermented and converted organic fertilizers have the obvious rhizosphere ecological regulation and control function, promote the root growth, and improve the root vitality. A plurality of soil borne diseases are prevented by improving the flora diversity, hyperparasitism and biological antagonism.

A method of diagnostic imaging is disclosed herein. The method includes acquiring CT projection data at a first x-ray energy level and a second x-ray energy level. The method includes reconstructing a first image pair using a basis material decomposition algorithm and the CT projection data. The method includes displaying a first image from the first image pair. The method includes transforming the first image pair into a second image using image data from the first image pair. The method also includes displaying a second image. A CT system is also disclosed.

The invention provides an organic material decomposition agent, a biological organic fertilizer containing tobacco wastes, and a production method and application method of the biological organic fertilizer, wherein the organic material decomposition agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of bacillus subtilis, 10-15 parts of aspergillus oryzae, 10-15 parts of aspergillus niger, 10-15 parts of trichoderma viride, 10-15 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 10-15 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 5 parts of bacillus thermophilus, 5 parts of arthrobacter nicotinovorans and 10-25 parts of actinomycetes. The organic material decomposition agent of the tobacco wastes provided by the invention can be applied to decomposing organic matters in the tobacco wastes, so that nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements are degraded into the form which can be absorbed and utilized by a plant, and meanwhile, the nicotine content in the tobacco can be reduced, so as to reduce the damage to a farmland after tobacco wastes are returned to the farmland, so that the organic material decomposition agent can play a role of fertilizing the soil after being returned to the farmland.

The invention discloses a complex microbial agent for composting fermentation and application thereof. The complex microbial agent is a solid inoculant which comprises phanerochaete chrysosporium, streptomyces griseorubens, bacillus subtilis, bacillus methylotrophicus and bacillus amyloliquefaciens. The complex microbial agent is a complex microbial system comprising various microorganisms which have complementary and synergistic functions; the microbial system integrates quick fermentation heat production, biological deodorization and compost material decomposition and degradation and has the effects of a biological fertilizer; the livestock manure compost can be quickly heated to kill off harmful organisms at high temperature; the unpleasant smell is obviously reduced to solve the problem of environment pollution caused by poultry excrement; the microorganisms can be quickly propagated in the poultry excrement fermentation process; the organic matters such as lignocellulose in the excrement can be quickly and effectively decomposed so as to increase the decomposition speed of the compost material and improve the quality of the compost product; the complex microbial agent can be used for producing the biological organic fertilizer so as to reduce the agricultural production cost.

According to certain embodiments of the invention, computer hardware and software can perform single or dual-energy decomposition calculations and predict CT values for either single-energy or dual energy CT from basis material decomposition estimates derived using theoretical models. Using that information, the computer hardware and software can (among other things) present one dimensional information from a CT scanner, such as representative pixel value, in two dimensions, such as a line in two dimensional basis material space.

A method and system for dual-energy X-ray CT are disclosed. In the method, two effects which are predominant, such as the Compton effect and the pair effect, are maintained, and influences of other effects such as the photoelectric effect are eliminated, thus increasing the material decomposition precision. The method and the system are advantageous in that errors caused by direct selection of two effect equations for atomic number Z calculation in material decomposition processes in present dual-energy CT (regardless of keV low energy or MeV high energy) methods can be effectively eliminated, thus greatly improving material decomposition and recognition accuracy of dual-energy CT; and the method and the system are of great significance for applications in clinical medicine, safety inspection, industrial nondestructive testing, and other fields.

The invention relates to a heat-accumulation dividing-wall heating rotary kiln device which comprises two rotary kiln bodies, two heat-accumulation decomposers, two storage bins, a charging apparatus, a lime material charging system, a blast blower, a gas product treatment apparatus, a discharging apparatus and an exhaust emission system, wherein each rotary kiln body is provided with a kiln head, a kiln chamber and a flue gas channel; the kiln chamber and a gas channel are separated by a refractory material; the two rotary kiln bodies are arranged in a left-right symmetric mode or non-symmetric mode; one side of each kiln chamber is connected with the discharging apparatus through a kiln tail hood, and the other side is connected with the storage bin; the storage bin is connected with the gas product treatment apparatus through a pipeline, and the connecting pipeline is provided with a valve; and one side of each flue gas channel is connected to the gas channel on the other side through the kiln tail hood, and the other side is connected with the heat-accumulation decomposer. The rotary kiln bodies, storage bins and heat decomposer constitute the heat-accumulation dividing-wall heating rotary kiln device, and the flue gas generated in the calcining or heating process and the decomposed gases generated by material decomposition are utilized to preheat the processed material, thereby fully utilizing the waste heat, lowering the energy consumption and enhancing the heat efficiency of the device.

In dual energy CT, through basis material decomposition (BMD), a pair of density images can be reconstructed. The noises in this image pair are negatively correlated due to the BMD process. A technique is presented for obtaining the monochromatic images at desired energy levels with reduced correlation noise. The technique includes obtaining a plurality of optimum attenuation coefficients for an energy level, selecting a desired energy level, obtaining a plurality of desired attenuation coefficients for the desired energy level, computing a scaling factor for a corresponding noise component based on the optimum attenuation coefficients and the desired attenuation coefficients, and generating a monochromatic image based upon the scaling factor.

A diagnostic imaging system in an example includes a high frequency electromagnetic energy source, a detector, a data acquisition system (DAS), and a computer. The high frequency electromagnetic energy source emits a beam of high frequency electromagnetic energy toward an object to be imaged. The detector receives high frequency electromagnetic energy emitted by the high frequency electromagnetic energy source. The DAS is operably connected to the detector and programmed to employ a threshold to trigger a filter operation on a pixel, in a basis material decomposition (BMD) image of a plurality of BMD images, through comparison of an actual noise ratio between a pair of BMD images, of the plurality of BMD images, to a theoretical BMD noise ratio value. The computer is programmed to employ a correlation in noise distribution of the plurality of BMD images to reduce image noise in the plurality of BMD images.

The invention discloses a method for iteratively reconstructing double-energy spectrum CT base material images, and aims at reconstructing base material density images of tested objects. The method comprises the following steps of: scanning a tested object by using a double-energy spectrum CT system so as to obtain double-energy spectrum projection data of the tested object; respectively reconstructing a high / low-energy spectrum tested object images on the basis of high / low-energy spectrum projection data; calculating a linear combined image of the high / low-energy spectrum tested object images; solving a specific value image of a base material density image and the linear combined image, establishing a regularized constraint image reconstruction model by taking the condition of minimizinga total variation of the specific value image as a constraint condition, and iteratively reconstructing the base material density image of the tested object. According to the method, structure consistency among various double-energy CT reconstruction images is sufficiently utilized, so that the reconstruction noise amplified by base material decomposition is effectively reduced and the convergencespeed of iterative reconstruction of base material images is improved.

An apparatus and method of processing X-ray projection data including spectral computed tomography (CT) projection data. The spectral CT data is decomposed into material projection lengths using a material-decomposition method that includes an initial-estimate method to provide an initial projection-lengths estimate. The initial-estimate method can include first reconstructing an image using non-spectral CT data, and then subdividing the reconstructed image into materials according to the relative attenuation density of areas within the reconstructed image (e.g., high attenuation areas correspond to a high attenuation material such as bone). The projection length estimates of each material are then obtained by forward projecting the corresponding subdivision of the reconstructed image. Also, the initial estimate can be obtained / refined by selecting the projection lengths with smallest cost-function value from randomly chosen projection lengths within a sample space. The initial estimate can also be conditioned on the X-ray flux at the X-ray source.

An imaging system includes an x-ray source configured to emit a beam of x-rays toward an object to be imaged, a detector configured to receive x-rays that are attenuated by the object, a data acquisition system (DAS) operably coupled to the detector, and a computer operably coupled to the DAS. The computer is programmed to obtain scan data with two or more incident energy spectra, identify one or more material triplet combinations based on data obtained prior to obtaining the scan data, decompose the obtained scan data into three or more basis materials based on the identified one or more material triplet combinations, and generate an image using the decomposed scan data.

The invention discloses a seedling culture substrate and a preparation method of the seedling culture substrate. The seedling culture substrate comprises a substrate block (1) and a hole (4), wherein the substrate block (1) comprises garden waste compost products, vermiculite, perlite and water-retaining agents. According to any one of claim 1 to claim 8, the preparation method of the seedling culture substrate comprises the steps that garden waste is smashed to be of the length of 0.5-1cm, the C / N ratio is adjusted to be 25, and the water content is adjusted to range from 50% to 60%; organic material decomposition agents are added to the garden waste, the weight of the organic material decomposition agents accounts for 0.3% of the total weight of the garden waste, composting is carried out until decomposition is accomplished, and the garden waste compost products are obtained; the garden waste compost products, the vermiculite, the perlite and the water-retaining agents are mixed according to the volume proportion, and the pH is adjusted to range from 5.5 to 6.5; inner substrate blocks are obtained through direct block pressing production by using the mixture as raw materials, and outer substrate blocks can be obtained in a block pressing mode after slow release fertilizer and AM fungi are added in proportion. According to the seedling culture substrate and the preparation method of the seedling culture substrate, the sources of the adopted raw materials are wide, and the cost is low; plant nutrient supply is balanced; damage caused to root systems is avoided; nutrients are rich; the waste is recycled, and environment friendliness and energy saving are achieved.

The invention discloses a composting method capable of carrying out damp and hot preprocessing to accelerate the composting of livestock excrement. The composting method comprises the following specific steps: firstly, mixing the livestock excrement with conditioner to regulate a moisture content, a carbon nitrogen ratio and a pH (Potential of Hydrogen) value; then, heating, and maintaining damp and hot preprocessing for 1-4h after the temperature of materials is raised to 80-95 DEG C; after the materials are cooled to 50 DEG C, inoculating organic material decomposition agent to carry out secondary aerobic composting, and ensuring that the materials are completely composted until a fermentation temperature is lowered to environment temperature and does not change. Compared with conventional composting which does not carry out the damp and hot preprocessing, the composting method disclosed by the invention is characterized in that the damp and hot preprocessing is combined with organic material decomposition agent inoculation, so that composting temperature can be obviously improved, a composting period is shortened, meanwhile, nitrogen losses in a composting process can be reduced, a composting humification course is accelerated, the content of humus is improved, and the quality of the composting product is guaranteed.

Embodiments of methods and apparatus are disclosed for obtaining a radiographic phase-contrast digital computed tomography imaging system and methods for same that can include obtaining a first and second plurality of 2D projection images over a range of scan angles, generating at least two statistically independent reconstructed images of an object from the first plurality of 2D projection images and the second plurality of 2D projection images, determining a material property as a function of volume for each of at least two materials represented in the projection images, using a conditional likelihood determination comprising the material property as a function of volume and the at least two statistically independent reconstructed images to differentiate the at least two materials in a reconstructed image of the object.

A method for calibrating and reconstructing material density images in a dual-spectral computed tomography (CT) system 100 is disclosed. An X-ray source in the CT system 100 emits a first X-ray spectrum and a second X-ray spectrum towards an object. The method includes computing calibration coefficients by using projection data from the object for the two X-ray spectra and by linearizing at least two basis materials such as bone and water simultaneously. Further, basis materials decomposition coefficients for the at least two basis materials are computed by linearizing the basis materials individually. Correction values for the projection data and for the basis materials are then computed by using the basis materials decomposition coefficients and the calibration coefficients. The computed correction values are used in reconstructing material density images for the basis materials.