39 results about "Atomic number" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of analysis of single particles, and particularly discloses a method for detecting the atomic number ratio of multiple elements in a single particle in a nano material, which can synchronously collect ion signals of all the elements in the single particle, accurately measure the intensity of each element in a transient signal, and improve the detection accuracy. A novel data processing method, namely a statistical distribution fitting method, is adopted, so that the real and accurate multi-element atomic ratio is calculated, and the inherent defects of the traditional SP-ICP-MS and TEM technologies are overcome; meanwhile, the problem that part of nano-particles are unstable in a water phase is solved through an organic phase oxygen adding and sampling method.

The invention relates to a method for testing non-contact friction energy dissipation influenced by defects in a two-dimensional heterojunction material, electronic equipment and a non-transient computer readable storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: detecting a heterojunction formed by a first two-dimensional material and a second two-dimensional material by using a femtosecond transient absorption spectrum technology to obtain a detection light attenuation curve; acquiring the electroacoustic coupling life according to the probe light attenuation curve; the non-contact friction energy dissipation is obtained according to the following model: mi is the atomic mass of the first two-dimensional material, me is the electron mass, Cs is the sound velocity in the first two-dimensional material, ne is the carrier concentration of the second two-dimensional material, ni is the atomic number density of the heterojunction, T is the environment temperature, kB is the Boltzmann constant, and tau is the obtained electroacoustic coupling life. The invention provides a method for obtaining non-contact friction energy dissipation influenced by defects by measuring the electroacoustic coupling life of a two-dimensional heterojunction material.

A carbon material which contains at least carbon, nitrogen and bromine as constituent elements, has a bromine content of 50-100,000 ppm by mass as measured by combustion ion chromatography, and satisfies 0.005 < = Nxps / Cxps < = 0.300, the number Cxps of carbon atoms and the number Nxps of nitrogen atoms as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

The present invention relates to a particle beam monitoring device for FLASH radiotherapy based on the Cherenkov Effect, comprising a Cherenkov light radiator (1), which is transparent in the wavelength range of 350–600 nm, formed of a material having an atomic number less than or equal to 40, configured to receive a beam of charged particles having an energy in the range of 1 MeV to 250 MeV; and a light detection system comprising a photodetector (2) when the Cherenkov angle is less than the total internal reflection angle, or a photodetector (2) and an optical coupling material (3) when the Cherenkov angle is greater than the total internal reflection angle, in which the photodetector (2) is configured to detect wavelengths in the range of 350–600 nm and has a temporal resolution in the range of 10 to 99 ns.

A calibration phantom is configured to be difficult to deform and easy to handle. The calibration phantom can be used in a case of acquiring calibration data of a photon-counting type detector that outputs an electrical signal corresponding to photon energy of an incident X-ray. The calibration phantom includes first base substances and a second base substance which are known substances, the second base substance having an atomic number larger than an atomic number of the first base substances and being sandwiched between the first base substances.

A single crystal diamond material comprising a single crystal diamond and an altered portion present on the outer periphery of the single crystal diamond, wherein the nitrogen atom content in the single crystal diamond is 1 ppm or more and 2000 ppm or less based on the atomic number, and the single crystal diamond material has a core electron excitation spectrum of the altered portion obtained by electron energy loss spectroscopy using a transmission electron microscope, in which an energy loss of π exists in a range of 285 eV±5 eV. * Maximum intensity of the peak Iπ * and the energy loss is in the range of 291±5 eV. * Maximum intensity of the peak Iσ * Ratio to Iπ * / Iσ * is 0.15 or more, and in the altered portion, the percentage {N1 / (N1+N2)}×100 of the number N1 of primary carbon atoms to the sum N1+N2 of the number N1 of primary carbon atoms constituting amorphous carbon and the number N2 of secondary carbon atoms constituting graphite is 90% or more.

Provided is a ferromagnetic free layer, comprising Fe, Co, B and an additive metal, and based on a total atomic number of the ferromagnetic free layer, a content of Co is more than 0 at % and less than 30 at %, a content of B is more than 10 at % and less than or equal to 35 at %, and a content of the additive metal is more than or equal to 2 at % and less than 10 at %; the additive metal comprises Mo, Re or a combination thereof, and a thickness of the ferromagnetic free layer is more than or equal to 1.5 nm and less than 2.5 nm. The ferromagnetic free layer can be applied to a MTJ structure as a single layer, and has sufficient thermal stability for maintaining good magnetic properties after thermal treatment, which makes sure that the MTJ structure can exert normal recording function.

The method is for homolytic and heterolytic cleavage in molecules of gases and liquids with the release of bonding energy and its use to change the internal geometric architecture of some molecules, leading to the synthesis of new chemical compounds that are not contained in the initial gases and liquids, with the secondary release of energy during the synthesis process, without carrying out nuclear reactions on equipment for its realization, characterised by an increase in the energy of the work environment and use of this energy to generate thermal energy with simultaneous synthesis of new chemical compounds, in consequence of the physical effect of a standing pressure wave on the gas and liquid molecules at various temperatures, where the temperature is a measure of activation energy, and subsequent dissociation of the molecules into atoms or fragments of molecules (radicals), partial ionization of atoms and subsequent transformation of the bonds in atoms of the molecules with no change to atomic number but with a change to atomic mass and in the proton-neutron ratio. The method also consists in the direct conversion of neutron mass into the mass equivalent to the total mass of 1 electron and 1 proton that do not go beyond the framework of the electrodynamic interaction of electrons and the nucleus, which ensures the absence of radiation, where the method also consists in the transformation of an atom into a chemical molecule or the reverse transformation of 1 electron and 1 proton into 1 neutron from the volume, where these elementary particles can be free, with external exchange of energy and mass equalling the mass with a positive charge and equal to the reduction in the mass of the neutron and proton. The method furthermore consists in a back reaction to the physical effect consisting in the formation of new chemical compounds that are not contained in the initial gases and liquids, with the release of the energy produced during the process of recombination of atoms into the original molecules, where the execution of the proposed method takes place through a combination of initial influences, such as for example: 12 C 1 H 4=16 Ne=16 O, while the method further consists in rearranging the architecture of some molecules without changing the atomic number, mass number, atomic weight as a reaction to a physical impact, during which new chemical compounds are synthesized, including those that they are not contained in the initial gases and liquids, while the energy generated during these synthesis reactions is released, for example 14 N 2=12 C 16 O; 12 C 16 O 2=14 N 2 16 O. The proposed method is implemented by a combination of initial influences, such as:increase in temperature of up to 250° C., ideally 140° C. to 150° C.;reduction in pressure (creation of a reduced atmosphere) to-100 kPa, ideally-65 kPa;generation of standing pressure waves;electric discharge (tribostatic discharge, barrier, spark) with a breakdown voltage of 1 to 15 kV;the value of the magnetic field in the reactor based on the discharge in the gas is 70 to 120 nTl;micro-explosions;impact, impact force, at which negative acceleration at from 50,000 to 150,000 g occurs;or a combination of these influences.The apparatus for converting hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon gases and liquids consists ofan acceleration module, which is a piece of apparatus accelerating a mixture of gas and liquid up to a speed of 30 to 400 m / s;a deceleration module, which is a tribostatic energy generator covering 70% to 90% of the reactor's cross-section;a tribostatic generator, which consists of two electrodes which are placed side by side an on which positive and negative charges are mutually created;a reduced atmosphere zone after the deceleration module.

The invention provides an X-ray composite radiation shielding material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of radiation protection. The photoelectric effect and the scattering effect of X-rays in the material are remarkably enhanced by using high atomic number elements contained in the metal oxide, so that the transmittance of the X-rays is effectively reduced. Meanwhile, the oxide material has good chemical stability and environmental friendliness, and the toxicity and aging problems caused by a traditional lead-based shielding material can be avoided. The prepared composite radiation shielding material has the advantages of being low in cost, light in weight, easy to process, good in flexibility, non-toxic, environmentally friendly and the like, the shielding efficiency of an X-ray shielding coating reaches up to 70% or above when the X-ray photon energy is 70 kV or below, and the generated secondary reflectance can be reduced by 35-80% compared with lead.

The invention relates to the technical field of neutron radiation measurement, discloses a neutron nondestructive testing wide-spectrum moderation device for a laser neutron source and a detection method, and adopts a three-in-one design idea of material function compounding, space structure nesting and energy step matching. An integrated structure formed by concentrically nesting an inner layer, a middle layer and an outer layer in sequence from inside to outside is adopted; the inner layer adopts a high-Z inelastic moderator, the middle layer adopts a low-absorption elastic moderator layer, and the outer layer adopts a thermalization and mechanical constraint shell; through physical combination and space structure optimization of a high atomic number material and a low atomic number material, step-by-step, collaborative and stepped efficient moderation of the neutron spectrum in the laser white light is realized. An integrated moderation structure formed by sequentially and concentrically nesting a high atomic number inelastic moderation layer, a low-absorption elastic moderation layer and a thermalization restraint layer from inside to outside is adopted, and step-by-step, collaborative and stepped efficient moderation and regulation and control of the wide energy spectrum of the laser white light neutron source are achieved.

This invention discloses a threshold switching material, a threshold switching device, and a method for preparing the same. The chemical formula of the threshold switching material is M. x D 1‑x Wherein, M is one of La, Ce, Gd, Lu, Sc, Y, Zr, Mo, Hf, W, and Ta, and D is one of S, Se, and Te, with 0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.8. In this invention, M is selected from metallic elements, which have good conductivity. This is beneficial for increasing the driving current and reducing the randomness of conductive path formation, thereby improving the switching speed of threshold switching devices based on this threshold switching material. The unique d-orbital electronic structure of the selected M elements makes M... x D 1‑x The high crystallization activation energy results in a lower leakage current. The selected element M has an atomic number greater than 20, a small atomic diffusion coefficient, and is less prone to component segregation, resulting in high stability and thus contributing to a longer fatigue life and higher device reliability.

The invention relates to a ferritic alloy comprising of in weight %: C 0.001 – 0.03, O ≤ 0.2, N ≤ 0.1, Si ≤ 1, Mn ≤ 1, Cr 9 – 12.0, Al 3.5 – 5, Ce + La 0.005 – 0.2. Ni ≤ 3, Mo ≤ 3, W ≤ 3, Y ≤0.5, Ti ≤1, Zr ≤ 1, Nb ≤ 1, V ≤ 1, Hf ≤ 1, Ta ≤ 1, Th ≤ 1, B ≤ 0.05, Cu ≤ 0.5, REE ≤ 0.3 balance Fe apart from impurities, wherein the content of REE does not include the amount of Y, Ce, La but only the amount of the elements having atomic numbers 21 and 59-71 wherein the amounts of Ti+Zr+Nb+V+Hf+Ta+Th, C, N and O in atom % are balanced such that: (Ti+Zr+Nb+V+Hf+Ta+Th -xO – N) / C is " 2, wherein x is 0.5, unless the content of Y is more than equal to 0.01 weight %, then x is 0.67.

The invention discloses a composite target material as well as a manufacturing method and application thereof. The composite target material comprises a substrate and a functional layer, the substrate material is a metal simple substance, and the atomic number Z of the metal simple substance in the periodic table of elements is greater than or equal to 40; the functional layer is made of an elementary substance, and the atomic number Z of the elementary substance in the periodic table of elements is less than 10; the functional layer is coated on one side surface of the substrate, and the thickness of the functional layer is smaller than that of the substrate. According to the composite target material, the characteristic X-ray peak is inhibited through the functional layer, and meanwhile, the tough-induced radiation intensity is improved.

Provided is a method for determining an atom using four-color X-ray equipment capable of determining which group an atom having a greatest atomic number among atoms constituting a material belongs on the periodic table.

The invention discloses a method for preparing high-entropy gamma-ray shielding filler based on a multilayer electrophoresis method, and belongs to the technical field of shielding materials. The invention aims to solve the problems of low shielding efficiency and complex process caused by non-uniform component distribution and weak interface bonding force of the traditional shielding filler. The method comprises the following steps: dispersing a plurality of high-atomic-number metal salts in deionized water, immersing a conductive base material into a polyelectrolyte solution for surface modification, performing electrophoretic deposition under the conditions of regulating and controlling voltage, pH and deposition time to realize gradient deposition of metal ions on the surface of the base material, drying, sintering, and grinding to obtain the compact high-entropy gamma-ray shielding filler. The method has the advantages that atomic-scale mixing can be achieved through the multi-layer electrophoresis method, and the segregation problem of traditional mechanical mixing is avoided; the multi-layer design enhances multiple scattering and absorption of gamma rays, so that the effect of improving the shielding efficiency is achieved; the process is simplified, high-temperature smelting or complex pressing equipment is not needed, and energy consumption and cost are reduced.

The application relates to a method for quantitatively characterizing fluid adsorption on a rock pore surface, comprising the following steps: establishing a molecular simulation initial model based on the molecular structure and physical parameters of the rock and the fluid; giving the molecular simulation initial model an initial velocity and a force field, and starting the movement of the molecules; after the model is in a thermal equilibrium state, recording the coordinate information of each fluid molecule at each time step; taking the rock pore surface Z0 as a starting point, dividing the whole model into n series of cuboid intervals with equal intervals of Delta r along the Z axis; solving the model ensemble average, and then calculating the atomic number density in each cuboid; drawing a fluid atomic number density diagram along the Z axis, and then determining the adsorption layer and the homogeneous phase zone; and calculating the atomic number density ratio in the adsorption layer and the homogeneous phase zone, which is the adsorption capacity of the rock surface to the component. The method can accurately calculate the adsorption capacity of the solid surface, and provides theoretical support for subsequent research on fluid flow mechanism and analysis of flow characteristics.

A storage device includes memory cells each including: a first layer, a second layer, a third layer between the first and second layers, a switching layer between the first and third layers, and a variable resistance layer between the second and third layers. The switching layer includes first and second regions. The first region includes: first and second elements. The second region includes: the first element, a third element, an atomic number of which is greater than that of the second element, and a fourth element. An atomic concentration of a fifth element in the second region is higher than an atomic concentration of the fifth element in the first region. The fifth element is selected from a group consisting of zinc, tin, gallium, indium, bismuth, magnesium, and calcium.

This invention provides an M with precise atomic number. n Nanocluster catalysts, their preparation methods, and applications. Using Ketjen black as an innovative platform, oxidizing acid treatment was employed to obtain Ketjen black oxide with a surface rich in oxygen-containing functional groups. Utilizing the electrostatic and coordination interactions between its negatively charged surface and the clusters, atomically precise Mo nanocluster catalysts were prepared. n Nanocluster catalysts. The active metal M is highly and stably dispersed on the surface of an oxygen-rich Ketjen black oxide support under electrostatic and coordination interactions. The prepared process is simple and successfully overcomes the problems of easy aggregation and poor stability of nanoclusters during loading. It can be used in selective hydrogenation reactions, exhibiting excellent hydrogenation activity and selectivity, outstanding catalytic performance, easy recovery and reuse, and good stability.

A cemented carbide including tungsten carbide particles and a binder phase, wherein the cemented carbide includes the tungsten carbide particles and the binder phase in total of 80% by volume or more, the cemented carbide includes the binder phase of 0.1% by volume or more and 20% by volume or less, the tungsten carbide particles are composed of a first region and a second region, the first region is a region of 0 nm or more and 50 nm or less from a surface of the tungsten carbide particle, the second region is a portion in the tungsten carbide particle after the first region is removed, the first region and the second region each include a first metal element, the first metal element is at least one selected from the group consisting of titanium, niobium, and tantalum, a proportion R1 of an atomic number of the first metal element in the first region with respect to a total of an atomic number of the first metal element and an atomic number of tungsten is 0.70 times or more and less than 1.30 times a proportion R2 of an atomic number of the first metal element in the second region with respect to a total of an atomic number of the first metal element and an atomic number of tungsten, the R2 is 2.0% or more and 10.0% or less, and the binder phase includes cobalt.

To synthesize a radioactive metal complex using Py-macrodipa as a chelating agent.SOLUTION: A solution obtained by mixing an organic solvent, a chelating agent containing a structure represented by formula (1), and a radioactive metal having an atomic number of 22 or more and belonging to the fourth or fifth period is maintained at a predetermined temperature of 60 °C or more and 100 °C or less for a predetermined time or more to synthesize a radioactive metal complex. The organic solvent is at least one solvent selected from dimethyl sulfoxide, N, N-dimethylformamide and the like.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

The invention relates to the technical field of image processing, in particular to an automatic quantitative statistical characterization method and device for load-type nanoparticle information, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a microscopic image of dissolution-type load-type nanoparticles, preprocessing the microscopic image to obtain a processed image, marking the processed image to obtain the position information of each dissolution type supported nanoparticle, thereby determining the particle diameter of each dissolution type supported nanoparticle, and obtaining the metal density and relative atomic mass of the dissolution type supported nanoparticles, the pseudo cubic cell parameters of perovskite and the stoichiometric number of doped elements; and calculating the average number of atoms of the particles based on the particle diameter, the metal density and the relative atomic mass calculation formula, and calculating the average depth of the perovskite material based on the average number of atoms of the particles, the pseudo-cubic cell parameters of the perovskite and the stoichiometric number calculation formula of the doped elements. Therefore, the problems that the number of nano-particles loaded on the base material is large, and manual analysis and statistics are difficult are solved.

A computer-assisted method for determining an element fraction of a determination element, in particular with a small atomic number, especially lithium, of an examination region of a sample bombarded with primary electrons, wherein a backscattered electron signal, preferably a backscattered electron image, captured using a backscattered electron detector and a spectroscopy element composition of the examination region determined using an X-ray spectroscopy detector, such as an EDX detector, are obtained. A practicable quantitative determination can be achieved if a measured gray value SM determined from the backscattered electron signal is combined with element fractions of the spectroscopy element composition in order to determine a fraction of the determination element. A device for processing data and to a computer product for carrying out the method is also disclosed.

To obtain a radioactive metal complex using Py-macrodipa as a chelating agent.SOLUTION: The radioactive metal complex includes a chelating agent having a structure represented by the general formula (1) and a radioactive metal having an atomic number of 22 or more and falling within period 4 or period 5. The radioactive metal is a 3-valent metal element or a 4-valent metal element, and specifically, radioactive zirconium is preferable.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

The invention discloses a method, a device, equipment and a medium for determining the erosion rate of an engine material, and relates to the technical field of engine analysis, the method for determining the erosion rate of the engine material comprises the following steps: determining the radiance of target metal according to a characteristic spectral line of the target metal in an engine plume spectrum; wherein the target metal is a composition of the engine; in combination with the radiation brightness of the target metal and the engine plume data, carrying out atomic number density inversion on the target metal in the engine plume, and determining the atomic number density of the target metal in the engine plume; in combination with the atomic number density and the engine plume data, combustion chemical equilibrium calculation is conducted on the engine plume, and the total concentration of the target metal in the engine plume is determined; and determining the erosion rate of the engine material according to the total concentration of the target metal in the engine plume. The method can quantify the erosion rate of the structural material of the engine during the cycle operation of the engine.

The invention relates to a method for the quantitative determination of the components of a solution. The method comprises at least the following steps: - Providing a sample, - Providing a reference solution comprising at least a first standard in the form of a 1H-NMR active substance and a second standard in the form of a metal salt of a metal with an atomic number ≥ 10, wherein the solvent is in particular a deuterated liquid, - Dissolving the entire sample in the reference solution to obtain an analytical solution, - Analysis of the analytical solution using 1H-NMR spectroscopy and - Applying a defined volume of the analytical solution to a carrier and allowing the analytical solution to dry, and then - Analysis of the dried analytical solution using XRF spectroscopy, - Evaluation of the data obtained in the analyses. The method according to the invention is advantageously simple and requires only one sampling. Weighing the sample taken is not necessary to determine the composition.

A dielectric substance according to the present disclosure contains a tantalum compound. The dielectric substance contains: oxygen; and a first element other than oxygen and tantalum. The first element is an element which has an atomic valence electron number of 3 or 4 and can be a positive ion in an ion state. The abundance ratio of the first element in an outermost layer of the dielectric substance is less than 10 at%.

The invention discloses a high-sensitivity neutron detector based on a heavy atomic number element doped perovskite single crystal and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that methyl ammonium bromide and lead bromide are dissolved in N, N-dimethylformamide, bismuth iodide is added and stirred to obtain a precursor solution, the precursor solution is divided into two parts, the first part is taken to be heated for the first time, and the second part is taken to be heated for the second time; and then adding the second part to perform second heating to obtain the perovskite single crystal doped with the heavy atomic number element, vacuumizing, drying and polishing to obtain the perovskite single crystal layer doped with the heavy atomic number element. The single crystal layer is combined with a neutron conversion layer, an electron transmission layer and a hole transmission layer are introduced, a novel neutron detector is constructed, the neutron detector has the advantages of being high in integration level, low in cost, portable, easy to process, high in response efficiency and the like, and a new solution is expected to be provided besides a traditional detector.

The invention discloses a material surface adsorption site identification and structure generation method based on topological mapping. According to the method, an initial structure file and a geometrically optimized structure file of a material with consistent atomic composition and identical atomic numbers are obtained, a surface atom set of the material and an atomic number corresponding to each surface atom are determined on the basis of the initial structure file, and matching is performed through the identical atomic numbers in the two files; and determining real space coordinates of each surface atom in the geometrically optimized structure, identifying adsorption sites and corresponding space coordinates based on the space coordinates of the surface atoms, generating adsorption molecules at corresponding positions of the adsorption sites to obtain an adsorption structure, and finally outputting a standard structure input file based on the adsorption structure. Meanwhile, the method can be expanded and applied to scenes such as electrochemical interface simulation, gas sensing response mechanism analysis and resource conversion process optimization, and has important scientific research value and wide industrial application prospect in cross field research.

The invention discloses an isotope production method, device and equipment, a medium and a product, and relates to the field of isotope production, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining the ion mass of incident projectile nuclear ions, the atomic number of a target material and the ion energy of the incident projectile nuclear ions; determining a compensation voltage according to the ion mass, the atomic number of the target material and the ion energy; determining a compensation electric field according to the compensation voltage; generating isotopes by using an ion targeting method based on the compensation electric field according to incident projectile nuclear ions and a target material; and the compensation electric field supplements the energy loss of the incident projectile nuclear ions in the target material. According to the invention, the yield of isotopes can be improved.

The invention relates to a quantitative analysis method for isotope content in double tracers, belongs to the technical field of isotope content analysis and testing, solves the technical problem that the isotope content in the double tracers cannot be measured, and comprises the following steps: calibrating the abundance ratio of an isotope diluent and the addition amount of the isotope diluent; mixing the isotope diluent with a to-be-detected sample; measuring the abundance ratio of the diluted mixture; solving the number of atoms of an isotope B and an isotope E from the tracer agent 1; and obtaining the number of atoms of the isotope B and isotope E derived from the tracer 2. The method is used for measuring the content of isotope B and isotope E from different tracers in a mixture of an original sample and double tracers.