62 results about "Atomic number" patented technology

The invention discloses a rare earth based halide scintillator and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of functional materials. The chemical formula of the rare earth based halide scintillator provided by the invention is RE (DMSO) 8 [Bi < 1-x > Sb < x > Cl6], wherein 0 < x < = 1; rE is a rare earth element; dMSO is a dimethyl sulfoxide ligand. By introducing the DMSO ligand and combining antimony doping, the formed rare earth based halide scintillator has intrinsic high atomic number, no self-absorption rare earth emission, no toxic element and outstanding comprehensive optical performance, so that the antimony-doped rare earth based halide scintillator has good luminescence performance and can be applied to the field of luminescent devices. Particularly, the compound has good fluorescence quantum efficiency and light yield, and has a good application prospect in the fields of detection, imaging or luminescence.

The present invention relates to the technical field related to atomic gravity measurement and provides a steady-state identification method based on the multi-factor and multi-dimensional characteristics of a cold atom absolute gravimeter. The method comprises: S1, at each steady-state level, collecting historical data of hull operation based on the cold atom absolute gravimeter, the historical data including the acceleration and inclination of the hull, and the atomic number data of the cold atom absolute gravimeter; S2, dividing the acceleration, inclination, and atomic number data into feature groups to form a multi-factor and multi-dimensional hull steady-state feature matrix; S3, establishing a hull steady-state identification model based on the hull steady-state feature matrix and a machine learning algorithm, and cross-validating the hull steady-state identification model; S4, identifying the hull steady-state based on the cross-validated hull steady-state identification model and the currently collected hull acceleration, inclination, and atomic number data. The present invention further improves the accuracy of hull stability identification based on the multi-factor and multi-dimensional information of the ship-borne cold atom absolute gravimeter.

The invention belongs to the technical field of analysis of single particles, and particularly discloses a method for detecting the atomic number ratio of multiple elements in a single particle in a nano material, which can synchronously collect ion signals of all the elements in the single particle, accurately measure the intensity of each element in a transient signal, and improve the detection accuracy. A novel data processing method, namely a statistical distribution fitting method, is adopted, so that the real and accurate multi-element atomic ratio is calculated, and the inherent defects of the traditional SP-ICP-MS and TEM technologies are overcome; meanwhile, the problem that part of nano-particles are unstable in a water phase is solved through an organic phase oxygen adding and sampling method.

The invention relates to a method for testing non-contact friction energy dissipation influenced by defects in a two-dimensional heterojunction material, electronic equipment and a non-transient computer readable storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: detecting a heterojunction formed by a first two-dimensional material and a second two-dimensional material by using a femtosecond transient absorption spectrum technology to obtain a detection light attenuation curve; acquiring the electroacoustic coupling life according to the probe light attenuation curve; the non-contact friction energy dissipation is obtained according to the following model: mi is the atomic mass of the first two-dimensional material, me is the electron mass, Cs is the sound velocity in the first two-dimensional material, ne is the carrier concentration of the second two-dimensional material, ni is the atomic number density of the heterojunction, T is the environment temperature, kB is the Boltzmann constant, and tau is the obtained electroacoustic coupling life. The invention provides a method for obtaining non-contact friction energy dissipation influenced by defects by measuring the electroacoustic coupling life of a two-dimensional heterojunction material.

A carbon material which contains at least carbon, nitrogen and bromine as constituent elements, has a bromine content of 50-100,000 ppm by mass as measured by combustion ion chromatography, and satisfies 0.005 < = Nxps / Cxps < = 0.300, the number Cxps of carbon atoms and the number Nxps of nitrogen atoms as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

The invention discloses an average atomic number detection method and system for a material sample, a medium, equipment and a product in the technical field of scanning electron microscope detection, and aims to solve the optimization problem of the existing detection technology. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out image preprocessing on an obtained backscattered electron image of a to-be-detected material sample to obtain a processed image; performing image segmentation on the processed image by using a trained clustering model to obtain a to-be-tested material sample area; calculating the average gray value of the to-be-detected material sample area of the processed image; and inputting the average gray value of the to-be-tested material sample area of the processed image into the fitted index model to obtain the predicted average atomic number of the to-be-tested material sample. According to the invention, characterization of material elements and distribution states thereof can be realized efficiently and conveniently, and the method is suitable for analysis and detection of various non-magnetic elementary substances, compounds and mixtures.

The present invention relates to a particle beam monitoring device for FLASH radiotherapy based on the Cherenkov Effect, comprising a Cherenkov light radiator (1), which is transparent in the wavelength range of 350–600 nm, formed of a material having an atomic number less than or equal to 40, configured to receive a beam of charged particles having an energy in the range of 1 MeV to 250 MeV; and a light detection system comprising a photodetector (2) when the Cherenkov angle is less than the total internal reflection angle, or a photodetector (2) and an optical coupling material (3) when the Cherenkov angle is greater than the total internal reflection angle, in which the photodetector (2) is configured to detect wavelengths in the range of 350–600 nm and has a temporal resolution in the range of 10 to 99 ns.

A calibration phantom is configured to be difficult to deform and easy to handle. The calibration phantom can be used in a case of acquiring calibration data of a photon-counting type detector that outputs an electrical signal corresponding to photon energy of an incident X-ray. The calibration phantom includes first base substances and a second base substance which are known substances, the second base substance having an atomic number larger than an atomic number of the first base substances and being sandwiched between the first base substances.

A single crystal diamond material comprising a single crystal diamond and an altered portion present on the outer periphery of the single crystal diamond, wherein the nitrogen atom content in the single crystal diamond is 1 ppm or more and 2000 ppm or less based on the atomic number, and the single crystal diamond material has a core electron excitation spectrum of the altered portion obtained by electron energy loss spectroscopy using a transmission electron microscope, in which an energy loss of π exists in a range of 285 eV±5 eV. * Maximum intensity of the peak Iπ * and the energy loss is in the range of 291±5 eV. * Maximum intensity of the peak Iσ * Ratio to Iπ * / Iσ * is 0.15 or more, and in the altered portion, the percentage {N1 / (N1+N2)}×100 of the number N1 of primary carbon atoms to the sum N1+N2 of the number N1 of primary carbon atoms constituting amorphous carbon and the number N2 of secondary carbon atoms constituting graphite is 90% or more.

The invention discloses a shape memory alloy with stable thermal cycle and a preparation method of the shape memory alloy. The shape memory alloy comprises the following elements: TiNiZrCu, in terms of the total atomic number of the four elements of Ti, Ni, Zr and Cu, the content of Cu is 1at.%-20at.%; the sum of the contents of Ti, Ni and Zr is 80 at.%-99 at.%; %, and the sum of the atomic percentages of the four elements of Ti, Ni, Zr and Cu is 100 at. Wherein in terms of the total atomic number of the three elements of Ti, Ni and Zr, the content of Zr is 0.15 at.%-0.25 at.%; the content of Ti is 45 at.%-55 at.%; the content of Ni is 45 at.%-55 at.%; %, and the sum of the atomic percentages of Ti, Ni and Zr is 100 at. According to the shape memory alloy with the stable thermal cycle, the phase change lag is reduced, and the thermal cycle stability is improved.

Provided is a ferromagnetic free layer, comprising Fe, Co, B and an additive metal, and based on a total atomic number of the ferromagnetic free layer, a content of Co is more than 0 at % and less than 30 at %, a content of B is more than 10 at % and less than or equal to 35 at %, and a content of the additive metal is more than or equal to 2 at % and less than 10 at %; the additive metal comprises Mo, Re or a combination thereof, and a thickness of the ferromagnetic free layer is more than or equal to 1.5 nm and less than 2.5 nm. The ferromagnetic free layer can be applied to a MTJ structure as a single layer, and has sufficient thermal stability for maintaining good magnetic properties after thermal treatment, which makes sure that the MTJ structure can exert normal recording function.

The method is for homolytic and heterolytic cleavage in molecules of gases and liquids with the release of bonding energy and its use to change the internal geometric architecture of some molecules, leading to the synthesis of new chemical compounds that are not contained in the initial gases and liquids, with the secondary release of energy during the synthesis process, without carrying out nuclear reactions on equipment for its realization, characterised by an increase in the energy of the work environment and use of this energy to generate thermal energy with simultaneous synthesis of new chemical compounds, in consequence of the physical effect of a standing pressure wave on the gas and liquid molecules at various temperatures, where the temperature is a measure of activation energy, and subsequent dissociation of the molecules into atoms or fragments of molecules (radicals), partial ionization of atoms and subsequent transformation of the bonds in atoms of the molecules with no change to atomic number but with a change to atomic mass and in the proton-neutron ratio. The method also consists in the direct conversion of neutron mass into the mass equivalent to the total mass of 1 electron and 1 proton that do not go beyond the framework of the electrodynamic interaction of electrons and the nucleus, which ensures the absence of radiation, where the method also consists in the transformation of an atom into a chemical molecule or the reverse transformation of 1 electron and 1 proton into 1 neutron from the volume, where these elementary particles can be free, with external exchange of energy and mass equalling the mass with a positive charge and equal to the reduction in the mass of the neutron and proton. The method furthermore consists in a back reaction to the physical effect consisting in the formation of new chemical compounds that are not contained in the initial gases and liquids, with the release of the energy produced during the process of recombination of atoms into the original molecules, where the execution of the proposed method takes place through a combination of initial influences, such as for example: 12 C 1 H 4=16 Ne=16 O, while the method further consists in rearranging the architecture of some molecules without changing the atomic number, mass number, atomic weight as a reaction to a physical impact, during which new chemical compounds are synthesized, including those that they are not contained in the initial gases and liquids, while the energy generated during these synthesis reactions is released, for example 14 N 2=12 C 16 O; 12 C 16 O 2=14 N 2 16 O. The proposed method is implemented by a combination of initial influences, such as:increase in temperature of up to 250° C., ideally 140° C. to 150° C.;reduction in pressure (creation of a reduced atmosphere) to-100 kPa, ideally-65 kPa;generation of standing pressure waves;electric discharge (tribostatic discharge, barrier, spark) with a breakdown voltage of 1 to 15 kV;the value of the magnetic field in the reactor based on the discharge in the gas is 70 to 120 nTl;micro-explosions;impact, impact force, at which negative acceleration at from 50,000 to 150,000 g occurs;or a combination of these influences.The apparatus for converting hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon gases and liquids consists ofan acceleration module, which is a piece of apparatus accelerating a mixture of gas and liquid up to a speed of 30 to 400 m / s;a deceleration module, which is a tribostatic energy generator covering 70% to 90% of the reactor's cross-section;a tribostatic generator, which consists of two electrodes which are placed side by side an on which positive and negative charges are mutually created;a reduced atmosphere zone after the deceleration module.

The invention provides an X-ray composite radiation shielding material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of radiation protection. The photoelectric effect and the scattering effect of X-rays in the material are remarkably enhanced by using high atomic number elements contained in the metal oxide, so that the transmittance of the X-rays is effectively reduced. Meanwhile, the oxide material has good chemical stability and environmental friendliness, and the toxicity and aging problems caused by a traditional lead-based shielding material can be avoided. The prepared composite radiation shielding material has the advantages of being low in cost, light in weight, easy to process, good in flexibility, non-toxic, environmentally friendly and the like, the shielding efficiency of an X-ray shielding coating reaches up to 70% or above when the X-ray photon energy is 70 kV or below, and the generated secondary reflectance can be reduced by 35-80% compared with lead.

The invention relates to the technical field of neutron radiation measurement, discloses a neutron nondestructive testing wide-spectrum moderation device for a laser neutron source and a detection method, and adopts a three-in-one design idea of material function compounding, space structure nesting and energy step matching. An integrated structure formed by concentrically nesting an inner layer, a middle layer and an outer layer in sequence from inside to outside is adopted; the inner layer adopts a high-Z inelastic moderator, the middle layer adopts a low-absorption elastic moderator layer, and the outer layer adopts a thermalization and mechanical constraint shell; through physical combination and space structure optimization of a high atomic number material and a low atomic number material, step-by-step, collaborative and stepped efficient moderation of the neutron spectrum in the laser white light is realized. An integrated moderation structure formed by sequentially and concentrically nesting a high atomic number inelastic moderation layer, a low-absorption elastic moderation layer and a thermalization restraint layer from inside to outside is adopted, and step-by-step, collaborative and stepped efficient moderation and regulation and control of the wide energy spectrum of the laser white light neutron source are achieved.

The invention discloses a compact high-resolution epithermal neutron resonance absorption spectrum method and a compact high-resolution epithermal neutron resonance absorption spectrum device in the technical field of nuclear physics application, and aims to solve the problems of large size, high cost and limited application of a traditional epithermal neutron source. The method comprises the following steps: generating an epithermal neutron source with high repetition frequency and microsecond-level pulse by using a kilohertz femtosecond laser, accelerating an electron beam through a laser plasma wake field, bombarding a metal target to generate fast neutrons, and processing the fast neutrons through a polyethylene body to obtain an epithermal neutron energy spectrum with ultrahigh energy resolution; the device comprises a femtosecond laser, a vacuum target chamber, a supersonic nozzle, a high-atomic-number metal target, polyethylene, a collimator, an EJ-420 detector and other key components, and is compact in design, convenient to move and convenient for multi-scene application. The technology can realize accurate diagnosis of the type and abundance of nuclides in nuclear fuel and nuclear waste and non-contact temperature measurement in a special environment, and has important nuclear safety and nuclear guarantee application values.

This invention discloses a threshold switching material, a threshold switching device, and a method for preparing the same. The chemical formula of the threshold switching material is M. x D 1‑x Wherein, M is one of La, Ce, Gd, Lu, Sc, Y, Zr, Mo, Hf, W, and Ta, and D is one of S, Se, and Te, with 0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.8. In this invention, M is selected from metallic elements, which have good conductivity. This is beneficial for increasing the driving current and reducing the randomness of conductive path formation, thereby improving the switching speed of threshold switching devices based on this threshold switching material. The unique d-orbital electronic structure of the selected M elements makes M... x D 1‑x The high crystallization activation energy results in a lower leakage current. The selected element M has an atomic number greater than 20, a small atomic diffusion coefficient, and is less prone to component segregation, resulting in high stability and thus contributing to a longer fatigue life and higher device reliability.

The invention relates to a ferritic alloy comprising of in weight %: C 0.001 – 0.03, O ≤ 0.2, N ≤ 0.1, Si ≤ 1, Mn ≤ 1, Cr 9 – 12.0, Al 3.5 – 5, Ce + La 0.005 – 0.2. Ni ≤ 3, Mo ≤ 3, W ≤ 3, Y ≤0.5, Ti ≤1, Zr ≤ 1, Nb ≤ 1, V ≤ 1, Hf ≤ 1, Ta ≤ 1, Th ≤ 1, B ≤ 0.05, Cu ≤ 0.5, REE ≤ 0.3 balance Fe apart from impurities, wherein the content of REE does not include the amount of Y, Ce, La but only the amount of the elements having atomic numbers 21 and 59-71 wherein the amounts of Ti+Zr+Nb+V+Hf+Ta+Th, C, N and O in atom % are balanced such that: (Ti+Zr+Nb+V+Hf+Ta+Th -xO – N) / C is " 2, wherein x is 0.5, unless the content of Y is more than equal to 0.01 weight %, then x is 0.67.

The invention discloses a composite target material as well as a manufacturing method and application thereof. The composite target material comprises a substrate and a functional layer, the substrate material is a metal simple substance, and the atomic number Z of the metal simple substance in the periodic table of elements is greater than or equal to 40; the functional layer is made of an elementary substance, and the atomic number Z of the elementary substance in the periodic table of elements is less than 10; the functional layer is coated on one side surface of the substrate, and the thickness of the functional layer is smaller than that of the substrate. According to the composite target material, the characteristic X-ray peak is inhibited through the functional layer, and meanwhile, the tough-induced radiation intensity is improved.

Provided is a method for determining an atom using four-color X-ray equipment capable of determining which group an atom having a greatest atomic number among atoms constituting a material belongs on the periodic table.

The invention discloses a method for preparing high-entropy gamma-ray shielding filler based on a multilayer electrophoresis method, and belongs to the technical field of shielding materials. The invention aims to solve the problems of low shielding efficiency and complex process caused by non-uniform component distribution and weak interface bonding force of the traditional shielding filler. The method comprises the following steps: dispersing a plurality of high-atomic-number metal salts in deionized water, immersing a conductive base material into a polyelectrolyte solution for surface modification, performing electrophoretic deposition under the conditions of regulating and controlling voltage, pH and deposition time to realize gradient deposition of metal ions on the surface of the base material, drying, sintering, and grinding to obtain the compact high-entropy gamma-ray shielding filler. The method has the advantages that atomic-scale mixing can be achieved through the multi-layer electrophoresis method, and the segregation problem of traditional mechanical mixing is avoided; the multi-layer design enhances multiple scattering and absorption of gamma rays, so that the effect of improving the shielding efficiency is achieved; the process is simplified, high-temperature smelting or complex pressing equipment is not needed, and energy consumption and cost are reduced.

The application relates to a method for quantitatively characterizing fluid adsorption on a rock pore surface, comprising the following steps: establishing a molecular simulation initial model based on the molecular structure and physical parameters of the rock and the fluid; giving the molecular simulation initial model an initial velocity and a force field, and starting the movement of the molecules; after the model is in a thermal equilibrium state, recording the coordinate information of each fluid molecule at each time step; taking the rock pore surface Z0 as a starting point, dividing the whole model into n series of cuboid intervals with equal intervals of Delta r along the Z axis; solving the model ensemble average, and then calculating the atomic number density in each cuboid; drawing a fluid atomic number density diagram along the Z axis, and then determining the adsorption layer and the homogeneous phase zone; and calculating the atomic number density ratio in the adsorption layer and the homogeneous phase zone, which is the adsorption capacity of the rock surface to the component. The method can accurately calculate the adsorption capacity of the solid surface, and provides theoretical support for subsequent research on fluid flow mechanism and analysis of flow characteristics.

A storage device includes memory cells each including: a first layer, a second layer, a third layer between the first and second layers, a switching layer between the first and third layers, and a variable resistance layer between the second and third layers. The switching layer includes first and second regions. The first region includes: first and second elements. The second region includes: the first element, a third element, an atomic number of which is greater than that of the second element, and a fourth element. An atomic concentration of a fifth element in the second region is higher than an atomic concentration of the fifth element in the first region. The fifth element is selected from a group consisting of zinc, tin, gallium, indium, bismuth, magnesium, and calcium.

We have developed a new type of target for linear particle accelerators, capable of converting electrons into X-rays with an efficiency comparable to that of conventional targets (such as bulk tungsten), and a greater resistance to high irradiation (reduced risk of target melting). Our target prototype consists of several layers of a substrate material (combining good thermal conductivity, low atomic number of its constituents, and high melting temperature), in which are implanted pads made of elements with high Bremsstrahlung conversion power (i.e., elements with high atomic number). We have presented the advantages and limitations of the different types of substrates and pads (ceramic or metallic), and modeled, via a Monte-Carlo approach, the photon spectra obtained with the prototypes with Cu, SiC and diamond substrates, and with W and TaC pads.

To evaluate the contribution of high-energy neutrons and photons with which an object under measurement is irradiated.SOLUTION: A measurement device 10 includes a first measuring unit 12 located at a position where at least one of high-energy neutrons B1 and high-energy photons B2 emitted from a high-energy radiation source 96 is made incident, and a second measuring unit 14 located at a position farther away from the high-energy radiation source 96 than the first measuring unit 12 and not overlapping with the first measuring unit 12. The first measuring unit 12 includes a plurality of first converters each containing an element with a different atomic number, and the second measuring unit 14 includes a plurality of second converters each containing the same element as each of the plurality of first converters.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

The utility model discloses a radiation shielding device for isotope application, which is characterized by comprising a first atomic number material layer, a second atomic number material layer and a third atomic number material layer which are sequentially arranged along a ray output direction, the atomic number of the first atomic number material layer < the atomic number of the second atomic number material layer < the atomic number of the third atomic number material layer. According to the utility model, low-atomic-number to high-atomic-number materials are sequentially adopted according to the output direction of rays, so that the beta radiation protection effect is better, the protection use of the nuclear medicine application is met, and the application is environment-friendly and harmless.

The present invention discloses a method for generating a carbon-chromium alloy with optimal hardness, comprising: setting the elemental components of the carbon-chromium alloy and the total mass of the carbon-chromium alloy, and constructing an iron matrix model in software; setting the initial mass percentage of each elemental component, calculating the initial atomic number of each elemental component, and using the initial atomic number of each elemental component to replace an equal amount of iron atoms in the iron matrix model to form a first model; using carbon atoms to replace an equal amount of iron atoms in the first model to form multiple second models; pressing a diamond indenter model into each of the second models, obtaining a first optimal percentage of carbon in the second model with the smallest indentation depth; and similarly obtaining the optimal mass percentages of manganese, silicon, nickel, molybdenum, and vanadium. Based on the optimal percentages of each elemental component and the mass of the carbon-chromium alloy, a carbon-chromium alloy with optimal hardness can be obtained. The present invention has a simple process and low cost.

This invention provides an M with precise atomic number. n Nanocluster catalysts, their preparation methods, and applications. Using Ketjen black as an innovative platform, oxidizing acid treatment was employed to obtain Ketjen black oxide with a surface rich in oxygen-containing functional groups. Utilizing the electrostatic and coordination interactions between its negatively charged surface and the clusters, atomically precise Mo nanocluster catalysts were prepared. n Nanocluster catalysts. The active metal M is highly and stably dispersed on the surface of an oxygen-rich Ketjen black oxide support under electrostatic and coordination interactions. The prepared process is simple and successfully overcomes the problems of easy aggregation and poor stability of nanoclusters during loading. It can be used in selective hydrogenation reactions, exhibiting excellent hydrogenation activity and selectivity, outstanding catalytic performance, easy recovery and reuse, and good stability.

A cemented carbide including tungsten carbide particles and a binder phase, wherein the cemented carbide includes the tungsten carbide particles and the binder phase in total of 80% by volume or more, the cemented carbide includes the binder phase of 0.1% by volume or more and 20% by volume or less, the tungsten carbide particles are composed of a first region and a second region, the first region is a region of 0 nm or more and 50 nm or less from a surface of the tungsten carbide particle, the second region is a portion in the tungsten carbide particle after the first region is removed, the first region and the second region each include a first metal element, the first metal element is at least one selected from the group consisting of titanium, niobium, and tantalum, a proportion R1 of an atomic number of the first metal element in the first region with respect to a total of an atomic number of the first metal element and an atomic number of tungsten is 0.70 times or more and less than 1.30 times a proportion R2 of an atomic number of the first metal element in the second region with respect to a total of an atomic number of the first metal element and an atomic number of tungsten, the R2 is 2.0% or more and 10.0% or less, and the binder phase includes cobalt.

To synthesize a radioactive metal complex using Py-macrodipa as a chelating agent.SOLUTION: A solution obtained by mixing an organic solvent, a chelating agent containing a structure represented by formula (1), and a radioactive metal having an atomic number of 22 or more and belonging to the fourth or fifth period is maintained at a predetermined temperature of 60 °C or more and 100 °C or less for a predetermined time or more to synthesize a radioactive metal complex. The organic solvent is at least one solvent selected from dimethyl sulfoxide, N, N-dimethylformamide and the like.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

The invention relates to the technical field of image processing, in particular to an automatic quantitative statistical characterization method and device for load-type nanoparticle information, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a microscopic image of dissolution-type load-type nanoparticles, preprocessing the microscopic image to obtain a processed image, marking the processed image to obtain the position information of each dissolution type supported nanoparticle, thereby determining the particle diameter of each dissolution type supported nanoparticle, and obtaining the metal density and relative atomic mass of the dissolution type supported nanoparticles, the pseudo cubic cell parameters of perovskite and the stoichiometric number of doped elements; and calculating the average number of atoms of the particles based on the particle diameter, the metal density and the relative atomic mass calculation formula, and calculating the average depth of the perovskite material based on the average number of atoms of the particles, the pseudo-cubic cell parameters of the perovskite and the stoichiometric number calculation formula of the doped elements. Therefore, the problems that the number of nano-particles loaded on the base material is large, and manual analysis and statistics are difficult are solved.