420results about "Pretreatment control" patented technology

Methods, apparatuses, and system are described herein for dynamic building material modification. An example method includes receiving sensor data from a sensor device that is associated with a first stage of a plurality of stages that form a process for a construction project and that is associated with a first portion of a building material associated with the first stage. The method includes determining one or more characteristics associated with the first portion of the building material and modifying, via a control system, one or more parameters of the building material from which the first portion of the building material is derived based on the one or more determined characteristics.

Embodied within a realm of transformative innovation, a proactive Al-powered system emerges, seamlessly and autonomously managing the addition of chemical admixtures to control and adjust the composition of concrete during production and transport. The system comprises a concrete mixer tank, reservoirs for the chemical admixtures, a mechanism to dispense them as needed, sensors, and proactive Al-based control system, embodying the pinnacle of the proactive intelligent automation. Sensors track the concrete's properties and environmental conditions, and the proactive Al-based control system analyses the sensor data in real time to discern the precise type, quantity, and timing of chemical admixtures required to maintain the optimal properties of the concrete within the mixer tank, ensuring unwavering fidelity to the desired specifications. This autonomous Al-based system aims to produce concrete with minimal water addition, ensuring consistent concrete quality and reducing reliance on manual intervention.

Provided herein are methods and compositions for determining and reporting carbon dioxide sequestered and / or carbon dioxide avoided in operations involving concrete, including concrete raw material transport, concrete production, and concrete use.

The invention provides alkaline residue-based fluidized stabilized soil and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of solid wastes. The alkaline residue-based fluid solidified soil comprises the following components: alkaline residue, a curing agent, an admixture, water and an additive, wherein the mass ratio of the water to a dry basis is (0.85-1.45): 1; the mass ratio of the additive to the curing agent is (0.001-0.01): 1. The preparation device comprises an alkaline residue slurrying system, a fluid-state solidified soil slurry preparation system, a pumping pouring system and an intelligent control platform, and the operation control problem caused by high water content and large water content fluctuation of alkaline residues can be effectively solved by optimizing the slurrying mode and the technological process.

Globally our environment comprises structures built to perform a meet different requirements including residential, commercial, retail, recreational and service infrastructure. Whilst, millions of tons of construction materials are deployed annually the quality control procedures in many instances have not changed to reflect today's demands. Accordingly, it would be beneficial to provide construction companies, engineering companies, infrastructure owners, regulators, etc. with means to automated testing / characterization of construction materials during at least one of its manufacture, deployment in construction and subsequent infrastructure life. It would be further beneficial for such automated methods to exploit self-contained data acquisition / logging modules allowing them to be employed with ease at the different points in the life cycle of a construction material and / or construction project.

The present invention relates to the technical field of mortar conveying, and in particular to a mortar conveying system, which includes a feed hopper, a feeding pipe connected to the bottom of the feed hopper, and a bracket fixed on the surface of the feed hopper. The system further includes: a auger rotatably connected to the inner wall of the feeding pipe, a support block fixed to the top of the bracket and a support mechanism installed thereon, and a servo motor fixed to the top of the support block. The present invention facilitates the disassembly and cleaning of the conveying pipe by the staff. In addition, this conveying system can not only break and stir the agglomerated mortar, but also reduce the blockage inside the discharge pipe, solving the problem that after the use of some current mortar conveyors, it is inconvenient for the staff to clean the conveying pipe and the auger, thus easily affecting the subsequent conveying efficiency, and solving the problem that when some current mortar conveyors are in use, the agglomerated mortar in the feed hopper that is not transported away in time easily affects the smoothness of the subsequent conveying operation.

The invention discloses spatial free distribution micro-scale cage-shaped unit interlocking confined concrete and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method of the spatial free distribution micro-scale cage-shaped unit interlocking confined concrete comprises the steps that a concrete premix, a pouring formwork and a plurality of micro-scale cage-shaped units are prepared; the concrete premix and the multiple micro-scale cage-shaped constraint units are mixed, and pouring is completed in the formwork; and curing and hardening the concrete premix in the pouring template and a concrete reinforcing framework formed by interlocking the plurality of cage-shaped constraint units to obtain the spatial free distribution micro-scale cage-shaped unit interlocking constraint concrete. The cage-shaped constraint units with multiple concrete component scales are doped in the concrete premix, the spatial free distribution micro-scale cage-shaped unit interlocking constraint concrete is prepared, and the mechanical property of a concrete member can be improved.

The invention relates to a method for calculating optimised concrete formulations and providing process data (PD1; PD2) for controlling system components (214, 215, 216; 221, 222) for the purpose of specifically processing raw materials (RA, RB,...) to form solid fractions (FK1, FK2,...) to be prepared and / or producing concrete (BTN) or concrete products by means of the prepared solid fractions (FK1, FK2,...) and further already prefabricated solid fractions (FK#), wherein the method (100) is designed for the weighted combination of l+m grading curves (SLV1... SLV3; SLP1... SLP8) to form a result grading curve (SLE), wherein the grading curves each represent a grain size distribution of one of the solid fractions (FK1, FK2, FK3...) given or not given, but still to be prepared by processing raw materials (RA, RB...); and wherein the method (100) is designed to match the result grading curves to a predefinable sample grading curve (SLM) which represents a grain size distribution with maximum packing density, as a result of which the optimised result grading curve (SLE) describes an ideal combination of all l+m solid fractions (FK1, FK2,... FK#) and the process data thereof for a sufficiently maximum packing density.

The invention relates to the technical field of concrete construction, in particular to a green low-carbon concrete construction operation device which comprises a vehicle body, a stirring tank is fixedly mounted on one side of the upper end of the vehicle body, a feeding cylinder is fixedly mounted on one side of the upper end of the stirring tank, and a feeding hopper is fixedly mounted at the upper end of the feeding cylinder. A first motor is started to drive a crushing roller and a rotating roller to rotate, the crushing roller crushes stones, the crushed stones fall at the upper end of an inclined plate, the rotating roller evenly throws the crushed stones to the upper end of a sieve plate, the stones are filtered, and the matched stone fragments fall into a stirring tank and are mixed with additives such as cement and sand to form concrete. Then a valve on the discharging pipe is opened, the vehicle body is pulled towards the concrete outlet side, the pressing cylinder rotates while moving up and down on the concrete, the surface of the concrete is vibrated to be flat, the concrete surface is leveled through the patter and the leveling plate, secondary leveling of workers is not needed, the labor intensity is reduced, and the efficiency is improved.

This invention discloses a continuous, high-efficiency, automatic dry-mixed mortar preparation equipment, relating to the field of mortar preparation technology. It includes a sand drying device and a feeding hopper. A sand particle screen is installed on one side of the sand drying device, and a screw conveyor connects the sand drying device and the sand particle screen. The dried sand enters the sand particle screen via the screw conveyor. Under the action of a first and second uniform material assembly, the mortar on the first conveyor belt consists of coarse sand, fine sand, cement, and filler laid out in sequence. Because the fine sand can fill the gaps in the coarse sand, reducing the relative movement space of the coarse sand and increasing internal friction, the cement and filler can be positioned on top of the coarse and fine sand. The dry-mixed mortar is stacked in a layered structure in a packaging bag using an anti-segregation telescopic tube, reducing stratification during bagging and transportation after mortar preparation, and reducing the mixing time between the mortar and water in the later stages.

The invention relates to the technical field of powder feeding, and discloses a powder feeding device for a concrete mixing plant, which comprises an outer cylinder, a discharging hopper is arranged at the bottom, a top cover is arranged at the top, a feeding structure is arranged on the top cover, a bag opening connecting structure is arranged at an inlet of the feeding structure, and a crushing and screening structure is slidably arranged in the outer cylinder. The crushing and screening structure comprises a screening module, a crushing module and a vibration dust removal module; the vibration dust removal module comprises a ratchet wheel rod and a supporting rod which are fixed to the outer cylinder, ratchets are arranged at the bottom of the ratchet wheel rod, the screening module is provided with a screen, one end of a rotating shaft of the screen is movably connected to the ratchet wheel rod in a sleeving mode and provided with a transmission ratchet wheel meshed with the ratchet wheel rod, and the other end of the rotating shaft of the screen is movably connected to the supporting rod in a sleeving mode and provided with a supporting plate; and a supporting spring is arranged between the supporting plate and the supporting rod. Compared with the prior art, the dust removal device has the advantage that residual powder is shaken off through vibration generated by the vibration dust removal module.

Systems, computer program products, and methods are described herein for quantum material-related characterizations. With reference to an example method, the method interacts one or more quantum states with a target material, generates one or more first data elements based on a measurement associated with the interaction of the one or more quantum states with the target material, and outputs the one or more first data elements. The method further determines a change in at least one quantum state of the one or more quantum states after the interaction with the target material, generates one or more second data elements associated with a characteristic of the target material based on the determined change in the at least one quantum state, and outputs the one or more second data elements.

The invention relates to the technical field of production of fused zirconia corundum bricks, in particular to a homogenizing and mixing device for fused zirconia corundum bricks, which comprises a mixing box, a hopper, a connecting piece and a mixing cylinder, a feed port and an opening are respectively formed in opposite sides of the outer wall of the mixing cylinder, and a filter screen is mounted on the opening. According to the homogenizing and mixing device for the fused zirconia corundum bricks, raw materials are stirred in all directions through a mixing barrel on a connecting piece, meanwhile, a second driving source drives a supporting frame to rotate around a connecting plate in the axial direction, the connecting piece slides in a center-edge-center reciprocating mode along a curve-shaped limiting sliding rail, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed; the stirring part circulates between the central area of the mixing cavity and the edge area of the inner wall, so that the mixing area of raw materials is increased, and stirring dead angles are avoided.

The invention relates to the field of concrete, in particular to low-magnetism low-hydration-heat concrete and a preparation method thereof. The concrete comprises the following raw materials: a cementing material, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water and a water reducing agent, the cementing material comprises cement and slag powder, the cement accounts for 60%-70%, and the slag powder accounts for 30%-40%; the coarse aggregate adopts three-graded broken stone, the maximum particle size is 80 mm, the maximum value allowed by water transportation engineering specifications is met, and the use amount of a cementing material is effectively reduced and can be reduced by about 15% compared with that of common C30 concrete; the reduction of the cementing material not only can reduce the cost of the concrete and bring remarkable economic benefits, but also can reduce the hydration heat in the mass concrete, and does not need to add a hydration heat inhibitor to reduce the cracking risk of the concrete; the raw materials are detected by a metal detector, so that the raw materials are prevented from being mixed with magnetic substances, the slump of the concrete is 30-80mm, and the concrete is transported by adopting a hanging tank, a belt conveyor, a dumper and the like, so that the construction is convenient.

The invention discloses a concrete mixing station without flying dust during feeding, and relates to the technical field of stone cutting, the concrete mixing station comprises a cutting dustproof mechanism and a dust collector mounted at the top of the cutting dustproof mechanism, a crushing and mixing mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the cutting dustproof mechanism, and a mixing box is arranged on one side of the bottom of the crushing and mixing mechanism; the cutting dustproof mechanism comprises a cutting support, a cutting fixing cover is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the cutting support, a dust collecting cover is fixedly installed on the inner side of the top of the cutting fixing cover, the dust collector is fixedly installed on the top of the dust collecting cover, and a dust collecting fan is arranged on the inner side of the top of the dust collector. Connecting pipes are symmetrically installed on the two sides of the top of the dust collection cover, a feeding pipe is fixedly installed between the two connecting pipes, the feeding pipe is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cutting support, and dust generated by stone cutting is absorbed through a dust collector and a dust collection fan. And dust generated at the feeding pipe can be absorbed through the connecting pipes on the two sides of the dust collecting cover.

The invention relates to a concrete production system, a feeding method and a feeding device.The concrete production system comprises a discharging hopper, a sand making assembly, a stirring assembly, a transfer bin and a first conveying device.The first conveying device comprises a first bearing part and a second bearing part; the first receiving part corresponds to the output part of the discharge hopper and is used for receiving sand making raw materials or gravel materials output by the discharge hopper and conveying the sand making raw materials or the gravel materials to the sand making assembly or the stirring assembly; and the second receiving part corresponds to the output part of the transfer bin and is used for receiving the finished sand output by the transfer bin and conveying the finished sand to the stirring assembly. According to the concrete production system, the feeding method and the feeding device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the occupied area can be reduced, and the cost is reduced.

The invention discloses a multi-mode self-adaptive UHPC fiber dispersion metering device and method.The device comprises a dispersion bin and a belt conveying device, a weighing device is assembled on the belt conveying device so as to dynamically weigh fiber materials on the belt conveying device in real time, and the upper end and the lower end of the dispersion bin are connected with a discharging bin and a discharging hopper respectively; a discharging opening communicated with the discharging hopper is formed in the middle of the dispersing bin, a material distributing disc is rotationally arranged on the discharging opening, a main shaft is assembled in the middle of the material distributing disc, a first motor is installed at the top of the discharging bin through a support, and an output shaft of the first motor is in transmission connection with the main shaft; through the multi-mode self-adaptive design, the device can automatically adjust the dispersion strength, switch the filter sieve plate and adapt to flow control parameters according to the characteristics of different types of fibers such as synthesis, minerals and metals, realizes efficient and uniform dispersion and accurate metering of the fibers, effectively adapts to the production requirements of multi-formula UHPC (Ultra High Performance Concrete), and greatly improves the application range and production flexibility of the device; and the UHPC quality stability is ensured.

The invention relates to the related technical field of mixing plants, and discloses a precise mixing control system suitable for large-scale precooled concrete production, the precise mixing control system uses a mixing plant and a mistake-proof valve of a feed bin pipeline of the mixing plant, and the precise mixing control system comprises a feed bin body, a material level meter, a control device and a control device, a cleaning and discharging valve is arranged in the center of the bottom of the stock bin body; the mistake-proof valve is installed at the through connection position of the feeding pipe and the stock bin body, the mistake-proof valve comprises a pre-storage cavity formed in the inner wall of the stock bin body, and the pre-storage cavity communicates with the feeding pipe; the positioning cylinder is fixed to the top of the pre-storage cavity, a push rod is movably installed in the positioning cylinder in a telescopic mode, and the tail end of the push rod is fixedly connected with the upper end of a rod piece. According to the precise mixing control system suitable for large-scale precooling concrete production, precooling treatment of large-scale concrete is achieved, and meanwhile, when a material bin pipeline is used for conveying materials, the problem that the materials are fed by mistake when the materials are conveyed through the interior of the pipeline is effectively avoided.

The present invention relates to the technical field of solid waste utilization and production equipment, and discloses a device for producing recycled concrete aggregate from construction solid waste, comprising a feed hopper, a bottom cover fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the feed hopper, a rotating drum fixedly installed on the top of the bottom cover, a processing box fixedly installed on one side of the bottom cover, a third motor fixedly connected to one side of the processing box, a fixed rod slidably connected to the processing box, a connecting rod fixedly installed on the top of the fixed rod, a rack fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod, a main drive gear sleeved on the output shaft of the third motor, the main drive gear and the rack engaged for transmission, the device for producing recycled concrete aggregate from construction solid waste drives the third motor to perform forward and reverse rotation, so that the aggregates can grind and break up each other by relying on their own edges and corners, and in the process of washing the aggregates, the aggregates rub and grind the aggregates themselves to refine the particle size, and the aggregates can be used directly after being ground.

The invention belongs to the technical field of crushing equipment, and particularly provides a concrete crushing and screening device and a recycled asphalt concrete production process. The concrete crushing and screening device comprises a multi-stage vibrating screen, a first-stage crusher and a second-stage crusher, and the multi-stage vibrating screen can screen concrete materials into at least three types according to the particle size in advance. In the working process, powder materials which do not need to be crushed repeatedly are directly discharged through the corresponding discharging ports and do not enter the first-stage crusher and the second-stage crusher any more, energy consumption is reduced, and excessive crushing is avoided. Coarse aggregate with large particle size firstly enters the primary crusher through the corresponding discharge port, and then enters the secondary crusher through the discharge channel for secondary crushing. The graded crushing design ensures that the coarse aggregate is fully crushed, the mixing of substandard aggregate or powder materials in a final product is reduced, and the grading uniformity of the recycled aggregate and the quality stability of the product are improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of crushing and regeneration, and particularly relates to a processing method convenient for recycling waste fan blade materials, which comprises the following steps: S1, a pretreatment stage; s2, a particle crushing and fiber crushing stage; s3, a mixing and compounding stage; s4, a forming and pre-burying stage; s5, a curing and pouring stage; according to the processing method convenient for recycling the waste fan blade material, the waste fan blades are respectively crushed into particles and fibers according to different application requirements, so that different requirements of building bricks, wallboard filling and concrete reinforcement are met, and the utilization efficiency and the application effect of the material are improved; meanwhile, the tensile strength and bending strength of the concrete can be remarkably improved and the mechanical property of the material can be improved by adding the fibrous material, and the toughness of bricks and wallboards can be improved and cracks can be reduced by adding the granular material, so that the impact resistance of the bricks and wallboards is improved.

The invention discloses geopolymer concrete based on waste concrete micro powder and a preparation device and method, and belongs to the technical field of building materials, the geopolymer concrete comprises a crushing system, a grinding device, a stirring device and a shaping device; the smashing system is used for smashing waste concrete to form waste concrete fragments and conveying the waste concrete fragments into the grinding device, and the grinding device is used for grinding the waste concrete fragments to form waste concrete micro powder. According to the invention, the waste concrete micro powder is used as a mixed material or admixture for replacing cement and reacts with water to generate hydrated calcium silicate gel and calcium hydroxide; the hydrated calcium silicate gel can bond the aggregate to form a compact structure with certain mechanical strength, and the calcium hydroxide can react with amorphous SiO2 and Al2O3 in the waste concrete micro powder to generate hydrated calcium silicate, hydrated calcium aluminate or hydrated calcium aluminosilicate; a series of problems caused by nowhere to stack a large amount of waste concrete are effectively solved.

Globally our environment comprises structures built to perform a meet different requirements including residential, commercial, retail, recreational and service infrastructure. Whilst millions of tons of construction materials are deployed annually the quality control procedures in many instances have not changed to reflect today's demands. Accordingly, it would be beneficial to provide construction companies, engineering companies, infrastructure owners, regulators, etc. with means to automated testing / characterization of construction materials during at least one of its manufacture, deployment in construction and subsequent infrastructure life. It would be further beneficial for such automated methods to exploit self-contained data acquisition / logging modules allowing them to be employed with ease at the different points in the life cycle of a construction material and / or construction project.

The invention provides an efficient building mortar stirring device. The first stirring blade and the second stirring blade are arranged and can be driven by the stirring shaft to rotate, so that the materials can be mixed and stirred. Furthermore, the first stirring blades and the second stirring blades are spiral auger blades, so that when the spiral directions of the first stirring blades and the second stirring blades are opposite, the stirring shaft drives the corresponding first stirring blades and second stirring blades to rotate in the same direction even if the rotating directions are the same; the first stirring blade and the second stirring blade push materials to move in opposite directions. In other words, when the first stirring blades drive the materials to move towards the axis position of the stirring barrel in the rotating process, the second stirring blades drive the materials to move towards the direction, away from the axis, of the stirring barrel in the rotating process. And the two are matched with each other, so that to-be-stirred materials can be stirred in a reciprocating motion manner from inside to outside, the materials can be fully stirred, and the stirring efficiency is improved.

The embodiment of the invention provides a machine-made sand control method and system, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of machine-made sand control. The system comprises a data acquisition sensor used for acquiring environmental data; the intelligent control equipment is used for determining a machine-made sand production mode according to the environmental data and a sand making production database obtained in advance, and the machine-made sand production mode comprises a dry-method sand making mode and a wet-method sand making mode; and the intelligent control equipment is used for controlling the carrying vehicle, the soil screening machine, the camera shooting equipment to shoot and the crushing and shaping machine and the dust removal equipment to carry out related treatment to obtain final machine-made sand if the machine-made sand production mode is a dry-method sand making mode. According to the provided control scheme of the machine-made sand, the dry-method sand making mode is determined to be adopted in combination with the environment data and the sand making production database obtained in advance, and under the dry-method sand making mode, the quality of the machine-made sand is improved, and the cost of the machine-made sand is reduced.

A device for cooling liquids comprises a container (2) for holding a liquid bath (17, 29) in which a heat exchanger (3, 26) is arranged for cooling the liquid by heat exchange with a liquefied cryogenic cooling medium. The heat exchanger (3, 26) is in flow communication with an inlet device (14, 30) for the cooling medium, which opens into the liquid bath (17, 29) below the heat exchanger (3, 26). A gas bubble stream rising from the inlet device (14, 30) during operation of the device surrounds the heat exchanger (3, 26) and prevents the formation of an ice layer on the outer surface of the heat exchanger (2, 26). The heat exchanger surface preferably has the form of a coiled tube arranged vertically in the liquid bath (17, 29).

The invention relates to the technical field of concrete mixers, in particular to concrete mixing equipment which comprises a mixing barrel, and a circulating mixing assembly is mounted in the mixing barrel; the circulating stirring assembly comprises stirring assemblies, stress lifting assemblies, an air injection box and a dust removal assembly, the two stirring assemblies are installed in the center of the stirring barrel and are opposite in stirring direction, a motor for driving the stirring assemblies to rotate is installed on one side of the stirring barrel, and the stress lifting assemblies are installed on the two sides of the inner wall of the stirring barrel; the air injection box is installed over the two stirring assemblies, a hole is formed in the bottom of the air injection box, one side of the air injection box is communicated with an air inlet pipeline, the dust removal assembly is installed at the top of the stirring barrel, the stress lifting assembly comprises a sliding plate, a baffle, an elastic plate, an inclined plate and a transverse plate, the sliding plate slides along the inner wall of the stirring barrel, and the baffle is installed at the top of the sliding plate. The technical problem that existing concrete stirring equipment is difficult to achieve the purpose of cyclic stirring of foam concrete by using an original structure in a stirring barrel is solved.

The invention discloses a preparation device and method for flow-state solidified soil, the preparation device comprises a stirring assembly (4) arranged on a high-pressure water source output port and a mixing assembly (3) arranged between the high-pressure water source output port and the stirring assembly (4), through the stirring assembly (4), stirring and mixed powder wet treatment is carried out on a soil material, a curing agent and an additive, and through the mixing assembly (3), the soil material, the curing agent and the additive are subjected to wet treatment. According to the invention, mixing treatment of a soil material subjected to wet treatment of mixed powder, a curing agent and an additive in a water flow state environment is realized, preparation of flow-state solidified soil is realized in mixing treatment of a high-speed double-hedging component, and the technical problem that solidified soil mixing is realized by using a concrete mortar mixer truck is solved; therefore, the preparation effect of the solidified soil is improved.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of concrete mixing devices, and in particular to a concrete mixing device, comprising a mixing barrel, a supporting foot arranged at the bottom end of the mixing barrel, and an opening and closing structure arranged at the bottom end of the mixing barrel for discharging concrete, comprising: a first pipe, one end of which is connected to the inner wall of the mixing barrel, and the other end is located on the outer wall of the mixing barrel; a stone screening device, comprising a large stone output structure connected to the first pipe, a small stone output structure connected to the outer wall of the mixing barrel, and a screening mechanism rotatably connected to the large stone output structure and the small stone output structure respectively; a mixing device, which is arranged at the top opening of the mixing barrel; wherein a through hole for inputting the small stone output structure is provided on the side wall of the mixing barrel, and when stones need to be input, the screening mechanism screens the input stones, and transports the small stones into the small stone output structure, and the large stones into the large stone output structure; the beneficial effects of the present invention are: uniform mixing and the size of the stones can be screened for mixing.

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent manufacturing control, in particular to an air cooling control method and system for multi-aggregate pre-cooling. According to the scheme provided by the invention, classified and bin-divided independent pre-cooling is performed according to different aggregate particle sizes and pre-cooling characteristics, so that the cooling effect is good, the pre-cooling time is saved, and the working efficiency is improved. Furthermore, through periodic dynamic pre-cooling control and adjustment, in combination with real-time monitoring of the aggregate temperature of each bin and dynamic calculation of required cooling capacity distribution air cooling, synchronization of the cooling process of each aggregate is ensured, and the pre-cooled aggregates with different particle sizes and different characteristics synchronously reach the preset delivery temperature within the target time. Meanwhile, the scheme of the invention has good robustness for interference factors such as initial temperature fluctuation of the aggregate, environment temperature change and the height of the stock bin position, can automatically adjust the distribution strategy, and keeps the stability of the pre-cooling effect.