724 results about "Dry basis" patented technology

The present invention provides carbonaceous fuels and processes for making them. Moreover, the invention also relates to processes using the carbonaceous fuels in the production of cement products. One embodiment of the invention is a carbonaceous fuel comprising (a) unconverted fines of a carbonaceous feedstock, the carbonaceous feedstock having an ash content of greater than 1%, the fines having an average particle size less than about 45 μm; and (b) a char residue formed by catalytic gasification of the carbonaceous feedstock, the char residue having an ash content of greater than about 30%, wherein the ash includes at least one aluminum-containing compound or silicon-containing compound; and having a weight ratio of fines to char residue in the range of about 4:1 to about 1:4, and a total dry basis wt % of carbon of least about 40%. Another embodiment of the invention is a process of making a cement product comprising: (a) providing a carbonaceous fuel as described above; (b) passing the carbonaceous fuel into a cement-making zone; and (c) at least partially combusting the carbonaceous fuel to provide heat for a cement producing reaction within the cement-making zone.

The invention discloses a heavy oil hydrogenation catalyst and a preparation method thereof. The heavy oil hydrogenation catalyst comprises a carrier and an active ingredient; the carrier is aluminum oxide, and is prepared from pseudo-boehmite with dry basis content below 50% via moulding; the active ingredient are metals selected form family VIII, Co or Ni, and/or family VI B, Mo or W. The preparation method comprises following steps: preparation of pseudo-boehmite, preparation of the carrier, and loading of the active ingredient. The heavy oil hydrogenation catalyst is capable of maintaining high demetalization, desulphurization, and carbon residue removing activities, simplifying drying process of pseudo-boehmite preparation, avoiding dust pollution caused by moulding process, increasing production efficiency, reducing production energy consumption, and reducing catalyst cost further.

The invention provides an alkali treatment modifying method of a Y-shaped molecular sieve, which comprises the following steps of: beating and uniformly mixing the Y-shaped molecular sieve and a strong alkali aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of the molecular sieve, a strong alkali and distilled water as (0.1-2): (0.05-2): (4-15), and carrying out alkali treatment for 0.1-24 hours at the temperature of 0-120 DEG C; compared with a parent Y-shaped molecular sieve, the obtained molecular sieve has the advanced performance of higher N2 adsorptive capacity, larger water absorbing capacity and the like. On the basis of modified treatment, the invention also provides a preparation method of an NH4 molecular sieve and an ultrastable Y-shaped molecular sieve, which comprises ammonium exchange treatment and hydrothermal ultrastable treatment implemented for a modified NaY molecular sieve after alkali treatment, and the obtained NH4 molecular sieve has lower metallic ion residues; an obtained USY molecular sieve has more abundant secondary holes while keeping high degree of crystallinity, thereby improving the catalytic activity of the USY molecular sieve.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a skeleton silicon-rich Y-shaped molecular sieve, comprising the following steps of: firstly, carrying out desiliconizing pretreatment on a NaY molecular sieve with alkali lye and secondly carrying out ammonium exchange and dealumination and silicon reinsertion on the molecular sieve treated with alkali. The alkali treatment condition is to pulp and evenly mix the NaY molecular sieve and an alkali liquor in the mass ratio of NaY (dry basis): alkali: H2O being (0.1-2): (0.05-2): (4-15) and carry out alkali treatment at 0-120 DEG C for 0.1-24h. Compared with a product obtained by carrying out ammonium exchange and silicon-rich treatment on the NaY molecular sieve, the skeleton silicon-rich Y-shaped molecular sieve subject to the desiliconizing pretreatment has higher infrared acid quantity, B acid quantity and secondary pore content. A catalyst prepared from an active component which is the skeleton silicon-rich Y-shaped molecular sieve prepared by the method has stronger heavy oil transformation capability and higher light oil recovery rate when being used for a heavy oil cracking reaction.

Method of preparing and introducing fuel into the combustors of a gas turbine in which a hydrocarbon containing feed, oxygen and steam are introduced into a catalytic partial oxidation reactor to produce a product stream. The hydrocarbon containing feed contains no less than about 15 percent by volume on a dry basis of hydrocarbons with at least two carbon atoms and/or at least about 3 percent by volume of olefins. The reactant mixture formed of the hydrocarbon containing feed, oxygen and steam has an oxygen to carbon ratio of between about 0.08 and about 0.25 and a water to carbon ratio of between about 0.05 to about 0.5. The hydrocarbon containing feed is introduced into the reactor alone or with a steam at a temperature no greater than 600° C. and the product stream is produced at a temperature of between about 600° C. and 860° C. and contains less than about 0.5 percent of olefins and less than 10 percent of hydrocarbons with two or more carbon atoms on a dry basis. After cooling the product stream the product stream is introduced into the combustors of the gas turbine to form part or all of the fuel required to support combustion.

A partially hydrophobic precipitated silica having a methanol wettability of 10 to 49%, in particular with a DBP uptake on a dry basis of greater than 250 g/100 g and a mean particle size of 1 to 12 mum and/or a carbon content of 0.3 to 1.85% and/or a loss on drying of 2.6 to 10.0% and/or a pH value of 5.5 to 10.0, is prepared by mixing the amount of water-repellent agent with the precipitated silica suspension at very short residence time and low pH value, filtering off the solid substance, washing free of salt, drying, post-treating thermally and milling. The partially hydrophobic precipitated silica can be used in active substance formulations and active substance formulations of hydrolysis-sensitive substance and in defoaming agents.

The invention relates to an antibacterial heal-promoting gel material used for preparing medical wound dressing and a preparation method thereof. The antibacterial heal-promoting gel material used for preparing the medical wound dressing is characterized in that the antibacterial heal-promoting gel material comprises natural gel agents, chitosan, bioactive materials, soluble silver salt and organic acids, water is added into the ingredients, the water content accounts for 5 to 20 times of the weight sum of the natural gel agents and the chitosan, and then, the antibacterial heal-promoting gelmaterial of any forms can be obtained through cross-linked curing and aftertreatment. The antibacterial heal-promoting gel material is metered according to dry basis, and is prepared form the following ingredients in percentage by weight:57 to 90.9 percent of natural gel agents, 5 to 25 percent of bioactive materials, 2 to 8 percent of chitosan, 0.1 to 2 of soluble silver salt and 2 to 8 percent of organic acids. The antibacterial heal-promoting gel material has good biocompatibility, good antibiotic property, strong tissue regeneration promoting capacity and various forms, and can be easily and conveniently prepared into the medical wound dressing.

The invention relates to a municipal sludge deep dehydration composite conditioner and a dehydration method, the composite conditioner accounting for 3-30% by dry basis weight of sludge is added for conditioning modification of domestic sewage treatment plant concentrated sludge with the moisture content of about 97% to improve sludge preliminary mechanical dehydration and subsequent electroosmosis dehydration ability; the moisture content of the preliminarily dehydrated conditioned modified sludge is reduced to 70-85%; the preliminarily dehydrated sludge directly enters into electroosmosis dehydration equipment for deep dehydration, the moisture content of the sludge is reduced to 40 to 60%, landfill disposal, thermal conversion, use as building materials and other treatment, dispose and resource utilization can be directly carried out. The method can realize the continuous operation of sludge dehydration, is high in treatment efficiency, can effectively reduce the bound water content of the sludge, is good in dehydration effect, and low in moisture content of deeply dehydrated sludge cake, and is suitable for a newly-constructed sewage treatment plant and design requirements of reconstruction, expansion and contingency plans of sludge dehydration treatment of a sewage treatment plant in the prior art.

The present invention relates to a production method for a seaweed bio-composite organic liquid fertilizer. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out crushing grinding on fresh kelps; adding the crushed kelp slurry to a fermentation tank, and adding water; adjusting the pH value to 6.8-8.8, adding a composite enzyme and a microbial fermentation bacteria agent, uniformly stirring, and heating to a temperature of 25-60 DEG C, wherein the thermal insulation fermentation time is at least 85 hours; and filtering, and adding an acid production bacterial agent to obtain the seaweed bio-composite organic liquid fertilizer. According to the present invention, the water used in the method adopting the fresh kelps as the raw material to produce the product is saved by 90% compared with the method adopting the dried kelp raw material to produce the product; the energy is saved by 40% by adopting solar heating and thermal insulation fermentation production, the production cost can be reduced by 25%, and characteristics of energy saving, water saving, low carbon and environmental protection are provided; the seaweed bio-composite organic liquid fertilizer of the present invention has effects of combination of organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, microbial fertilizer, and medium and trace element fertilizer, rapid acting, long lasting time, synergy, fertilizer retention, water retention, cold resistance, insect repelling, disease resistance, soil improving, and the like.

The invention discloses a compound type cracking catalyst which contains the following materials according to dry basis mass: 20-70% of in-situ crystallization Y-shaped molecular sieve/matrix composite material, 0.3-12% of MFI structural molecular sieve, and 30-75% of clay and inorganic oxide bonding agent. The in-situ crystallization Y-shaped molecular sieve/matrix composite material is the matrix formed after the in-situ crystallization is conducted on kaolin, and is one or a mixture of REY, REHY, HY, REUSY and USY formed by modification of Nay combined by surface in-situ crystallization. The catalyst has excellent capability of resisting heavy metal pollution and heavy oil cracking, and good coking selection.

The invention discloses silicon dioxide aerogel and a preparation method thereof. The silicon dioxide aerogel of a three-dimensional network structure is prepared by the step of subjecting alkaline silicate and inorganic acid to neutralization reaction, washing, rapidly dehydrating for drying, and crushing; the aerogel is internally filled with pores of about 20nm and has the silica content (dry basis) of more than 99.0%, the BET (Brunauer, Emmett and Teller) specific surface area of 300-800m<2>/g, the pore space volume of 1.6-3.0, the average granularity of 3-20 mum and the pore volume of 1.7-3.6ml/g. In the invention, the alkaline silicate is used as a silicon source and is subjected to neutralization reaction with the inorganic acid, the raw materials are readily available, cheap and innoxious, and the process flow is short and is easy for industrialization.

This invention describes a pyrolysis assistant for increasing the propylene concentration, which, measured on dry basis, comprises 10-65 wt.% of modified ZSM-5 molecular sieve, 0-60 wt.% of clay, 15-60 wt.% of inorganic oxide binder, 0.5-15 wt.% of one or several metal additives selected from VIIIB group metals and 2-25 wt.% of phosphorus additive, wherein the said ZSM-5 molecular sieve is modified with phosphorus and a metal selected from ferrum, cobalt or nickel, whose anhydrous chemical formulation is (0-0.3)Na2Oíñ(0.5-5)Al2O3íñ(1.3-10)P2O5íñ(0.7-15)MxOyíñ(70-97)SiO2, wherein x represents the molecular number of M and y represents the number needed for the oxidation state of M. The said metal additive and phosphorus additive are both measured by their oxides. The process of this invention can increase the yield of the catalytic pyrolytic liquefied gas, the octane number of the catalytic pyrolytic gasoline, as well as the propylene concentration in the liquefied gas.

A processed biochar composition made with an oxygen-starved microwave sub-system from a processed organic-carbon-containing feedstock made with a beneficiation sub-system is described. Renewable biomass feedstock passed through a beneficiation sub-system to reduce water content to below at least 20 wt % and water-soluble salt reduction of at least 60% from that of unprocessed organic-carbon-containing feedstock on a dry basis. The processed feedstock is introduced into a substantially microwave-transparent reaction chamber. A microwave source emits microwaves which are directed through the microwave-transparent wall of the reaction chamber to impinge on the feedstock within the reaction chamber. The microwave source may be rotated relative to the reaction chamber. The feedstock is subjected to microwaves until the desired reaction occurs to produce a solid processed biochar fuel.

The invention relates to a preparation method of ozone catalytic oxidation catalyst used for treating oil refining waste water. Amorphous aluminium oxide powder and ferric hydroxide powder are mixed by dry basis weight ratio of 100: 1-30, and rolling pelleting, maintaining, drying and roasting are carried out, thus obtaining the finished product catalyst. The method includes the following steps: (a) amorphous aluminium oxide and ferric hydroxide powder are mixed to be uniform; (b) the mixture is placed into a rotary pelleting machine, binder is sprayed, and rolling pelleting is carried out, the binder is sprayed in solution or colloid form in an atomizing way, and the amount of binder sprayed into the pelleting machine is 2-50% of total mass of amorphous aluminium oxide; and diameter of pelleting is controlled to be 1-8mm; (c) particle matter is maintained for 3-24 hours under the condition that temperature of water vapour is 100-110 DEG C; (d) catalyst is dried, drying temperature is 50-180 DEG C, drying time is 2-10 hours, and then roasting is carried out; and roasting temperature of catalyst is 400-600 DEG C, roasting time is 2-8 hours, and finished product catalyst is obtained.

The invention provides a method for preparing a reforming catalyst. The catalyst comprises the following active components calculated on the basis of the weight of a dry-basis alumina carrier: 0.01 to 2.0 percent of platinum group metals, 0.01 to 3.0 percent of VIIB group metals, 0.01 to 2.0 percent of third metal components and 0.1 to 5.0 percent of halogen. The third metal components are selected from rare earth elements or IIIA, IVA or VA group metals; the active components are introduced into the alumina carrier through fractional impregnation or co-impregnation, wherein impregnation liquid prepared from platinum group metals introduced into the carrier contains dispersant; the dispersant is selected from C1-C3 alcohol, organic acid, nitrogen-containing compounds or a mixture thereof; and the organic acid is formic acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid or acrylic acid. The reforming catalyst prepared by the method has the advantages of high activity stability and aromatic selectivity.

The invention provides a water-coal-slurry additive and a preparation method thereof. The additive is compounded by anionic surfactant naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensation product sodium salt, lignosulphonate and non-ionic surfactant alkylphenol polyethenoxy ether (methyl) acrylic ester according to mass ratio of 8:1:1 to 1:8:1. The invention uses the naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensation product sodium salt, lignosulphonate and alkylphenol polyethenoxy ether (methyl) acrylic ester in the preparation technology of water-coal-slurry, and the additive has wide adaptability to coal, in particular to coal with low degree of metamorphism. When ternary compound additive reaches 0.1-1wt percent of the weight (dry basis) of the coal, the water-coal-slurry with the content of coal dust being 62-70wt percent can be prepared. The slurry has good fluidity, lower apparent viscosity and favorable steady state stability. The ternary compound additive is simple in production process, excellent in performance and wide in the range of applicable coal.

The invention provides a fish protein powder which is water soluble with the color between light-yellow and pale-brown meal, wherein, the dry basis protein content of the fish protein powder is more than 80%; and a preparation method is provided for the fish protein powder. The method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing mincedfish seriflux; (2) preparing enzymatic hydrolyzate by the mincedfish seriflux; (3) preparing the fish protein powder by the enzymatic hydrolyzate. The fish protein powder prepared in the invention has the advantages of health, easy digestion, easy absorption, and the like; and can be widely used on protein-enhanced foods; the production process is simple, the production efficiency is high, and the raw materials have wide sources and can be obtained easily, thereby helping save cost.

The invention provides a method for preparing a Y type molecular sieve containing rare earth, which comprises the following steps of: firstly, carrying out alkali treatment and modification on the raw material Y type molecular sieve; and then carrying out ion exchange on the molecular sieve subjected to alkali treatment or further carrying out hydrothermal ultrastable treatment to obtain the rare-earth Y type molecular sieve or the rare-earth ultrastable Y type molecular sieve. The alkali treatment condition comprises the steps of pulping and uniformly mixing a Na Y type molecular sieve with an alkali solution according to the mass ratio of Na Y(dry basis): alkali:H2O=(0.1-2):(0.05-2):(4-15) and carrying out alkali treatment on the molecular sieve at 0-120 DEG C for 0.1-24 hours. A catalytic cracking reaction evaluating result displays that the rare-earth Y type molecular sieve and the rare-earth ultrastable Y type molecular sieve obtained by the modification of the method are catalysts prepared by active components and have high microreactivation when used for heavy oil cracking.

The invention provides a method for producing pasty unclassified tailing filling materials containing red mud and belongs to the fields of environmental protection engineering and mineral engineering. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, stoving the required materials comprising red mud, slag and desulfurized gypsum respectively; then, grinding red mud, slag, cement clinker and desulfurized gypsum with the corresponding dry-basis weight percentage being 24%-50%, 30%-56%, 1%-15%, and 1%-15% in a separate or mixed manner until the specific surface area thereof reaches 300-900m<2>/kg, to obtain a gel material; and evenly stirring by the weight ratio between the gel material and the unclassified tailings being 0.08-0.20 and the weight ratio between water and the gel material being 1.2-3.0, so as to obtain qualified pasty unclassified tailing filling materials. The invention can make good use of solid waste that is difficult to be comprehensively utilized, such as red mud, desulfurized gypsum and unclassified tailings and solve the problems of high cost and low early strength in cement-bonded filling mining.

The invention relates to a water heat-transfer shift process for by-product high-grade steam energy-saving deep conversion. According to the process, a primary water heat-transfer shift converter and a secondary shift converter are adopted, CO in feed gas reacts with H2O to generate H2 and CO2 under the catalysis of a Co-Mo (copper-zinc) catalyst, and CO in shift gas coming out of a shift system is less than or equal to 0.1% (dry basis). In the process, CO is subject to deep conversion, the feed gas (containing water gas, semi-water gas, natural gas conversion gas or coke-oven gas conversion gas) utilization rate is high, the shift catalyst is not overheated, and the catalyst has a long service life; meanwhile, by-product saturated steam with the pressure of 0.5 to 9.0 MPa is generated, sensible heat and latent heat in the shift gas are further recovered by deoxygenated water and desalted water, low-grade heat energy is converted into high-grade heat energy, cooling water consumption is reduced, the temperature of` the shift gas coming out of a process system is lower than or equal to 40 DEG C, equipment is few, the flow is short, the investment is small, and the resistance is low (less than or equal to 0.05MPa).

The invention discloses a method for preparing a solid fuel by mixing sludge and biomass. The method comprises the following steps: (1) pretreating: adding additive accounting for 1-5% of the dry basis quantity of the sludge to the sludge; dewatering and drying the obtained mixture until the water content is 10-25%; crushing and sieving to form dried sludge raw material; dewatering and drying the biomass until the water content is 10-25%; crushing and sieving the biomass so as to obtain dried biomass raw material; (2) mixing and forming: mixing and stirring the dried sludge raw material and the dried biomass raw material to obtain a raw material mixture, wherein the mass fraction of the dried sludge raw material is 30-70%; the mass fraction of the dried biomass raw material is 70-30%; and extruding and forming the raw material mixture so as to obtain the solid fuel. The method disclosed by the invention is low in cost, energy-saving and environment-friendly, realizes the recycle of the solid waste and the biomass and effectively solves the treatment problem of the solid waste and the biomass.

A method of preparing fuel pellets includes the steps of providing a feedstock in the form of agricultural hull fibres having a moisture content of about 10 to about 16%; and compressing and extruding the agricultural fibre feedstock through a die to obtain fuel pellets in the form of small cylinders having a diameter of about ⅜ inch to ¾ inch or more, said pellets having an ash content of about 1.1% to about 20% by weight and a calorific value of about 7,000 BTUs per pound of fuel on a dry basis. The agricultural hull fibres may be derived from all whole grains and seeds. For example, are comprised of at least one of corn bran fibre, rye bran fibre; oat bran fibre, rice bran fibre, soy bran fibre, canola bran fibre and wheat bran fibre. The method may include the step of pre-treating the agricultural whole grain and seed hull fibre feedstock with high temperature steam before being formed into pellets at a sufficient temperature and sufficient time to activate hemicellulose within the fibre as a binding agent. The method may include the step of mixing the agricultural whole grain and seed hull fibre feedstock with a sequestering agent before being formed into pellets for sequestering alkali metal vapors and raising the fusion point of the inorganic elements during combustion of the pellets. The sequestering agent may be calcium carbonate added in amounts up to about 0.5% by weight. The pellets contain additives comprised of ammonium nitrate, calcium, manganese, magnesium, aluminum, barium, iron, potassium and amorphous silicate, which sequester potassium and chlorides and alter the fusion point of the inorganic elements present in the fuel.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a liquid product rich in furfural and other furan chemicals by biomass. The method comprises the following steps: a catalyst is added into particles of a biomass raw material by a dry method or a wet method; the mixture is dried after the mixture is sufficiently mixed; the mixture is placed in a drying cabinet to remove free moisture for standby; the obtained material is filled into a quartz reactor, the reactor is placed in a microwave purolyzer, and oxygen in the quartz reactor and a condenser pipeline is driven off by inert gas; and microwave is started, power of the microwave is adjusted to pyrolyze the material in the quartz reactor, and the pyrolyzed steam is condensed into a pyrolysis liquid through a two stage water-cooled condenser. The method has the advantages that the yield of the pyrolysis liquid reaches over 50 percent (dry base), the furfural in a liquid product is over 60 percent of the content of organic compositions, which is far higher than the content of quickly pyrolzed furfural by the biomass (below 10 percent), and the time of a pyrolyzing reaction is obviously shortened. The method has the characteristics of simple process, single product, high furfural selectivity, and the like.

The invention discloses a method for preparing lactalbumin peptides, comprising the following steps: (1) adding compound protease into lactalbumin solution to carry out enzymatic hydrolysis; (2) inactivating the compound protease; (3) depositing the enzyme solution and selecting supernatant fluid to carry out centrifugation; (4) carrying out decoloring processing on the centrifugalized supernatant fluid and then carrying out desalting processing; (5) carrying out nanofiltration on the desalted enzyme solution; (6)concentrating; (7) embedding the concentrated product into wall material; (8) spray drying, then the product is obtained. By applying compound protease in the invention, the lactalbumin is zymohydrolyzed with effectively improving enzyme hydrolysis degree, prominently improving usage factor of the lactalbumin, high product yield, good distribution range of molecular weight of the lactalbumin peptides, high peptide content and good product quality. By detecting, the content (counted by dry basis) of the lactalbumin peptides prepared by the method in the invention is up to 75.15 percent, the molecular weight distribution range of the peptide smaller than 2258 dalton can reach 98.83 percent.

The invention provides a method for producing an air entrapping building block by utilizing red mud, comprising the following steps: mixing the following raw materials (dry basis) by weight part: 50-70 parts of red mud, 5-10 parts of calcium oxide and 20-40 parts of active gelled material; adding water according to 85-100 percent of the dry basis mass of the mixture, adding aluminium powder according to 0.04-0.06 percent of the dry basis mass of the mixture and adding an auxiliary agent according to 0.5-0.8 percent of the dry basis mass of the mixture; mixing to prepare a sizing agent; and finally obtaining the air entrapping building block through foaming, standing and steam curing. The air entrapping building block has the advantages of stable physical properties, light weight, good heat-insulation property, high waste use ratio, simple process, low cost, environmental protection, natural resource saving and the like, and can be used as non-load bearing partitions of urban high-risebuildings and as heat-insulation building blocks of low-temperature warehouses, heat-insulation warehouses and cold storage warehouses of industrial equipment.