1309 results about "Calorimeter" patented technology

An indirect calorimeter for measuring the metabolic rate of a subject includes a disposable portion and a reusable portion. The disposable portion includes a respiratory connector configured to be supported in contact with the subject so as to pass inhaled and exhaled gases as the subject breathes. The disposable portion also includes a flow pathway operable to receive and pass inhaled and exhaled gases, having a first end in fluid communication with the respiratory connector and a second end in fluid communication with a source and sink for respiratory gases. The disposable portion is disposed within the reusable portion, which includes a flow meter, a component gas concentration sensor, and a computation unit. The flow meter generates a signal as a function of the instantaneous flow volume of respiratory gases passing through the flow pathway and the component gas concentration sensor generates a signal as a function of the instantaneous fraction of a predetermined component gas in the exhaled gases. The computation unit receives the electrical signals from the flow meter and the concentration sensor and calculates at least one respiratory parameter for the subject as the subject breathes through the calorimeter.

A color measuring sensor assembly includes an optical filter such as a linear variable filter, and an optical detector array positioned directly opposite from the optical filter a predetermined distance. A plurality of lenses, such as gradient index rods or microlens arrays, are disposed between the optical filter and the detector array such that light beams propagating through the lenses from the optical filter to the detector array project an upright, noninverted image of the optical filter onto a photosensitive surface of the detector array. The color measuring sensor assembly can be incorporated with other standard components into a spectrometer device such as a portable calorimeter having a compact and rugged construction suitable for use in the field.

A method of determining a respiratory parameter for a subject using an indirect calorimeter is provided. The indirect calorimeter includes a respiratory connector for passing inhaled and exhaled gases, a flow pathway operable to receive and pass inhaled and exhaled gases having a flow tube within the flow pathway through which the inhaled and exhaled gases pass, a flow meter for determining an instantaneous flow volume of the inhaled and exhaled gases, a component gas concentration sensor for determining an instantaneous fraction of a predetermined component gas and a computation unit having a processor and a memory. The method includes the steps of initializing the indirect calorimeter and the subject breathing into the respiratory connector if the indirect calorimeter is initialized, sensing the flow volume of the inhaled and exhaled gases passing through the flow pathway using the flow meter and transmitting a signal representing the sensed flow volume to the computation unit. The method also includes the steps of sensing a concentration of a predetermined component gas as the inhaled and exhaled gases pass through the flow pathway using the component gas sensor, and transmitting a signal representing the sensed concentration of the predetermined component gas to the computation unit. The method further includes the steps of calculating at least one respiratory parameter for the subject as the subject breathes through the calorimeter using the sensed flow volume and the sensed concentration of the predetermined component gas, and providing the subject with the at least one respiratory parameter.

The present invention provides a molded article obtained from an aliphatic polyester resin composition comprising 60 to 99.9 parts by weight of at least one aliphatic polyester (A) and 0.1 to 40 parts by weight of at least one elastic polymer (B), provided that the total amount of the components (A) and (B) is 100 parts by weight, wherein the aliphatic polyester component in the molded article has an enthalpy of crystal fusion ΔH determined using a differential scanning calorimeter of 5 J/g or more, the molded article has a continuous phase composed of the aliphatic polyester (A) and dispersed phases composed of the elastic polymer (B), and the distance T between the walls of the dispersed phases is less than 5.0 μm.

In order to provide a film having excellent heat resistance, thermal dimensional stability, and mechanical properties, in particular, a film capable of satisfying required properties, e.g., higher strength in accordance with the reduction in thickness of a base film, improved thermal dimensional stability and mechanical properties in a use environment, and higher heat resistance and improved thermal dimensional stability in accordance with the needs for miniaturization and more functionality in electrical and electronic areas, a thermoplastic resin is allowed to contain transition metal oxide particles, and is formed into a biaxially oriented thermoplastic resin film, wherein the melting point of the film is allowed to become higher than the melting point of the thermoplastic resin to be used. Preferably, the difference between a peak temperature (melting point T₁) of the heat of fusion in the first run of the measurement of the biaxially oriented thermoplastic resin film with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and a peak temperature (melting point T₂) of the heat of fusion in the second run is allowed to satisfy the following Formula.

2° C.≦T₁−T₂≦30°C.

Alternatively, the plane orientation factor of the biaxially oriented thermoplastic resin film containing the transition metal oxide particles is controlled at 0.120 or more and less than 0.280.

Provided is a yellow toner having toner particles each containing at least a binder resin, a colorant, and a polar resin, the yellow toner being characterized in that: the colorant is a coloring compound having a specific structure; in a microscopic compression test at a measurement temperature of 25° C., the toner has a recovery ratio Z(25) of 40 to 80%; and the toner has a glass transition temperature (TgA) measured with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) of 40° C. to 60° C. and a temperature (P1) of the highest endothermic peak measured with the DSC of 70° C. to 90° C., and the temperature (P1) of the highest endothermic peak and the glass transition temperature (TgA) satisfy the relationship of 15° C.≦P1−TgA≦50° C.

A power compensation differential scanning calorimeter that uses one absolute temperature measurement, two differential temperature measurements, a differential power measurement, and a five-term heat flow equation to measure the sample heat flow. The calorimeter is calibrated by running two sequential calibration experiments. In a preferred embodiment, the first calibration experiment uses empty sample and reference pans, and the second calibration experiment uses sapphire specimens in the sample and reference holders. In an alternate embodiment, sapphire calibration specimens are used in both the first and second calibration experiments.

A thermal processing apparatus (1) comprises a chamber body (6), a holding part (7) for holding a substrate (9) inside the chamber body (6), a light emitting part (5) for heating the substrate (9) through light irradiation and a light measuring part (2) for measuring light energy. The light measuring part (2) comprises a calorimeter (24) disposed outside the chamber body (6), a light guide structure (20) for guiding the light inside the chamber body (6) to the calorimeter (24) and a calculation part (25) for performing computations on the basis of an output of the calorimeter (24). In the thermal processing apparatus (1), by measuring the light from the light emitting part (5) by the calorimeter (24), it is possible to measure the energy of light emitted from the light emitting part (5) during thermal processing inside chamber body (6) and obtain a surface temperature of the substrate (9) by the calculation part (25).

A microfluidic embedded nanoelectromechanical system (NEMs) force sensor provides an electrical readout. The force sensor contains a deformable member that is integrated with a strain sensor. The strain sensor converts a deformation of the deformable member into an electrical signal. A microfluidic channel encapsulates the force sensor, controls a fluidic environment around the force sensor, and improves the read out. In addition, a microfluidic embedded vacuum insulated biocalorimeter is provided. A calorimeter chamber contains a parylene membrane. Both sides of the chamber are under vacuum during measurement of a sample. A microfluidic cannel (built from parylene) is used to deliver a sample to the chamber. A thermopile, used as a thermometer is located between two layers of parylene.

Encapsulating material for solar cells which facilitates fabricating solar cell modules and has excellent transparency, heat resistance, flexibility, etc., and a solar cell modules. More specifically, the present invention provides encapsulating material for solar cells comprising a non-crystalline or low-crystalline a-olefin-based copolymer or its composition (I). In a preferred embodiment, the aforementioned copolymer or its composition (I) is a resin composition (C) containing 50 to 100 parts by weight of non-crystalline α-olefin polymer (A) meeting the following requirements: (a) the α-olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms is not less than 20 mol %, (b) practically no melt peak as measured by a differential scanning calorimeter is observed, and (c) the Mw/Mn is not more than 5, and 50 to 0 parts by weight of crystalline α-olefin polymer (B) (the total of (A) and (B) being 100 parts by weight).

A propylene random copolymer and a film laminate thereof is described having excellent blocking resistance and transparency and substantially maintaining favorable low-temperature heat-sealing properties after corona discharge treatment. The propylene random copolymer of the invention includes a propylene component and an alpha-olefin component having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, wherein the content of the alpha-olefin component is in the range of about 6% to about 40% by weight, the intrinsic viscosity [eta] measured in tetralin at 135° C. is not lower than about 0.45 dl/g and not higher than about 5.0 dl/g, and the melting point (Tm) measured by a differential scanning calorimeter and the content of 20° C. xylene soluble fraction (CSX) fulfill a relationship of

It is an object of the present invention to provide polylactic acid containing a stereocomplex crystal and having excellent moldability, a high molecular weight, high crystallinity and a high melting point and a process for manufacturing the same. It is another object of the present invention to provide a composition comprising the polylactic acid and a molded product of the polylactic acid. The present invention is characterized from polylactic acid having a weight average molecular weight of 80,000 to 500,000 and a melting peak at 195° C. or higher which accounts for 80% or more of the total of melting peaks in the temperature elevation step when measured by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and a process for manufacturing the same.

A toner formed of a toner composition containing a resin and a plasticizer, wherein the following relationships (1) and (2) are satisfied: Tg2r>Tg2t (1), and Tg1t−Tg2t>Tg1r−Tg2r (2), wherein Tg1r represents the peak of the resin for the first temperature rise and Tg2r represents the peak of the resin for the second temperature rise when a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) measurement is performed for the resin, Tg1t represents the peak of the toner comprising the resin for the first temperature rise and Tg2t represents the peak of the toner comprising the resin for the second temperature rise when a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) measurement is performed for the toner.

A printing system is linearized automatically using measurements made with a simple optical sensor, such as a line sensor, that is onboard the system. The printing system itself is for forming images on plural printing media. Because the optical sensor is not a calorimeter or even a true densitometer, the sensor requires calibration, preferably based upon measurements using real inks. In the past it has been considered a requirement that such calibration be performed separately using each of the print media that was to be used for printing images. Linearization according to the invention, however, refers to a single calibration of the sensor, that calibration being used in common for essentially all media—even though the single calibration is performed with respect to exclusively a single one of the plural media.

There are provided a resin composition comprising a polylactic acid which (i) comprises a poly-L-lactic acid (component B-1) and a poly-D-lactic acid (component B-4), (ii) has a weight ratio of the component B-1 to the component B-4 (component B-1/component B-4) of 10/90 to 90/10, and (iii) shows a proportion of melt peaks at 195° C. or higher to all melt peaks in a temperature rising process in measurement by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) of at least 20%; a molded article of the resin composition; and methods for producing the resin composition and the molded article.

The invention relates to a substance heat capacity measuring instrument, in particular to an adiabatic calorimeter and a calorimetric system thereof, and comprises a vacuum sealed socket connector, a vacuum system valve, a vacuum conduit, a temperature control ring of conducting wires, a conducting wire beam, an outer heat screen, a middle heat screen, an inner heat screens, a sample container, a differential thermocouple and a vacuum chamber. The substance heat capacity measuring instrument has compact structure, stable performance and convenient operation, realizes the adiabatic calorimetric experiment, which comprises a whole automatically controlled and finished process of electricity energy importing, heat insulation controlling, temperature measuring, heat equilibrium judging, heat capacity data computing and processing, and result displaying and printing and the like. Through the detection with a standard calorimetric substance Alpha-Al2O3 and the comparison with internationally acknowledged data that is published by National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the measuring heat capacity variability of variation with temperature of the instrument is certificated to be plus or minus 0.2mK per minute<-1>, the precision of the instrument is certificated to be plus or minus 0.12 percent and the accuracy of the instrument is certificated to be plus or minus 0.14 percent.

The invention discloses a differential scanning calorimeter, which is compatible with visualization and comprises a worktable, a first heat current detection part, a second heat current detection part, temperature control equipment, a temperature-recording instrument, a microscope image pickup system and an image acquisition system; wherein, the worktable is provided with a sample cell and a reference cell. The first heat current detection part is arranged in the sample cell and used for bearing samples and transmitting heat flux with the samples. The second heat current detection part is arranged in the reference cell and is used for bearing reference compound and transmitting heat flux with the reference compound. The temperate control equipment respectively controls the heating up and temperature reduction of the two heat current detection parts. The temperature-recording instrument is respectively connected with the two heat current detection parts by a thermocouple wire. The microscope image pickup system observes the microstructure of the samples by a sample observation window arranged on the sample cell and acquires and records the microstructure variation of the sample by the image acquisition system. The differential scanning calorimeter can monitor and acquires the structure variation information of the sample while measuring the heat flow when the samples change phase, and increases the synchronicity and integrity of real-time analysis detecting of the samples.