336 results about "Calorimeter" patented technology

The invention provides a control method and device of a mixed gas power generation system, equipment and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of new energy power generation. The method comprises the following steps: calculating the introduction rate of each target gas based on load operation data, the type of gas introduced into the gas generator set at present, the type of target gas introduced into the gas generator set after a first duration in a combustion stage and the proportion of the target gas, based on the introduction rate and the total heat per unit time of the exhaust gas output by the gas generator set after the second duration, the exhaust gas proportion used for heating each target gas is calculated, each target gas is heated based on the exhaust gas proportion, and the temperature value of the gas in the gas generator set is monitored in real time; and regulating and controlling the operation state of the mixed gas power generation system based on the temperature value. The proportion of gas input into the gas generator can be flexibly adjusted, and the energy utilization rate of the system is increased.

The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy lithium battery measurement, and particularly relates to a lithium battery temperature change thermal parameter measurement method and device. Under the condition of considering the heat loss, the specific heat capacity and the anisotropic heat conductivity coefficient of the lithium battery under the temperature change can be synchronously measured through a single experiment, and the test efficiency and the measurement precision are greatly improved. The device is suitable for cylindrical, square, soft package and blade lithium batteries, can perform measurement under various different equivalent heat exchange boundary conditions including air natural convection, heat insulation material wrapping, vacuum, heat insulation calorimeters and the like, is convenient to operate, high in accuracy and high in adaptability, can realize rapid and accurate measurement of thermal parameters of the lithium batteries at different temperatures, and is suitable for popularization and application. And high efficiency and high precision are both considered.

The utility model discloses a high-temperature specific heat capacity tester which comprises a main control cabinet, a heating device, a connecting sleeve and a detection device, the heating device is fixedly installed on the detection device through the connecting sleeve, the detection device is fixedly installed on the main control cabinet, the heating device comprises an electric furnace, a test sample is hung in a heating hearth through a high-temperature-resistant wire to be heated, and the electric furnace is connected with the electric furnace. The detection device comprises an outer box body connected with the connecting sleeve, a constant-temperature heat insulation screen cover is installed in the outer box body, a temperature-controllable heat insulation screen cover is installed in the constant-temperature heat insulation screen cover through an insulation support, a heat measuring block is installed in the temperature-controllable heat insulation screen cover through an insulation support, and an electric heating tube and a thermocouple are arranged on the heat measuring block. A heating resistance wire is arranged on the side wall of the temperature-controllable heat insulation shield, a temperature difference thermopile is arranged between the heating resistance wire and the calorimetric block, and a copper pipe used for introducing constant-temperature hot water is wound on the side wall of the constant-temperature heat insulation shield. The high-temperature specific heat capacity tester disclosed by the utility model is high in measurement precision, simple to operate and small in size.

The utility model relates to the technical field of components, and discloses a combined bonding tool of a heat conduction component for a calorimeter, which comprises a constant-temperature heat sink, a positioning frame is fixedly mounted at the top of the constant-temperature heat sink, a mounting groove is formed in the top of the constant-temperature heat sink, and the positioning frame is fixedly mounted in the mounting groove. According to the combined bonding tool of the heat conduction component for the calorimeter, the limiting block is pressed downwards, the leather roller is made to be separated from the bottom of the hopper and attached to the interior of the mounting groove, at the moment, the leather roller rolls in the mounting groove, and the heat conduction component is bonded through the sample table. By means of the device, silver colloid flowing to the surface of the leather roller from the hopper can be evenly smeared in the installation groove, the silver colloid is evenly laid in the installation groove, it is guaranteed that the silver colloid at the bottom of the heat flow sensor is evenly smeared when the heat flow sensor is spliced and installed, follow-up bonding balance is not affected, and stable installation of the heat flow sensor is guaranteed.

The invention discloses a measurement method for accelerated calorimeter test based on in-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The measurement method comprises the following steps: applying excitation current to a battery to be detected; measuring the battery to be detected under the current condition through the EIS module to obtain real part impedance and imaginary part impedance under different frequencies; determining phase angles and impedances under different frequencies according to the real part impedances and the imaginary part impedances under different frequencies; the voltage of the battery to be detected at different surface temperatures is collected through the ARC module, and the corresponding temperature rise rate is determined; determining an impedance modulus deviation, a phase deviation, a voltage sharp change deviation and a temperature rise rate deviation according to the phase angles and the impedances under the different frequencies, the voltages under the different surface temperatures and the corresponding temperature rise rates, and generating an error signal; generating a corresponding sampling rate control instruction according to the error signal based on dynamic PID control; and the ARC module adjusts the sampling frequency according to the sampling rate control instruction so as to perform high-precision measurement.

The invention provides a reactor and a method for testing thermal decomposition parameters of explosive and powder samples under simulated working conditions. The reactor comprises a reaction bottle, a sample bottle is arranged in the reaction bottle, an inner cavity of the sample bottle is a sample pool, and the sample pool is used for containing a to-be-tested sample; a tail clamp is arranged at the bottom end of the reaction bottle, a reactor thin tube is arranged in the reaction bottle, an upper pressing column and a lower pressing column are arranged in the reactor thin tube, and a spring is arranged between the upper pressing column and the lower pressing column; and a pressure pipe of the calorimeter is sleeved outside the upper pressing column. By adopting the pressure loading design, certain pressure can be loaded on materials in the explosive and powder technological process, so that the materials are subjected to a thermal acceleration calorimetry test under the pressure, and thermal decomposition parameters of the materials under pressure and temperature coupling loading are obtained. Compared with a heat acceleration calorimetry test only carrying out temperature loading in the prior art, the pressure stress is increased, the method is closer to the actual material state in multiple process stages, and the obtained thermal decomposition parameters can be used for accurately evaluating the safety of the materials in the actual technological process.

The invention discloses a gas constant pressure specific heat capacity measuring device. Belongs to the technical field of measurement. The gas constant pressure specific heat capacity measuring device comprises a gas source, a recovery gas tank, a gas pipeline, and a calorimeter, a pressure control system, a vacuum pump and a mass flow meter which are communicated through the gas pipeline, wherein the vacuum pump is configured to be connected with the gas source and the recovery gas tank; the calorimeter comprises a vacuum cavity, and a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a heater and a heating device which are located in the vacuum cavity, and the first temperature sensor, the heater and the second temperature sensor are sequentially connected to a gas pipeline in series according to the gas flow direction and located in the heating device; and the gas pipeline is made of a nickel-based high-temperature alloy material. Therefore, constant pressure specific heat measurement of high-temperature gas of about 800 DEG C can be realized, high-precision temperature measurement and temperature control technologies are adopted, the measurement precision can be improved, and the application range is wide.

The invention discloses a wide-working-condition multi-refrigerant high-precision compressor refrigerating capacity testing method and device. The wide-working-condition multi-refrigerant high-precision compressor refrigerating capacity testing device comprises a measurement and control system, a testing software system and a refrigerating system. The measurement and control system is matched with the measurement and control software system to measure, judge, control, establish a database, process data and perform man-machine interaction on the refrigeration system; the test software system is used for realizing the functions of parameter setting, data visualization, system control, safety alarm and report storage; the refrigeration system comprises a test main system and a test environment system. The test main system comprises a compressor to be tested, an oil separation system, a condenser, a subcooler, a flowmeter, an expansion valve and a calorimeter; the test environment system provides a tested environment for the test main system and comprises a cooling system, a heater and an air circulation system; according to the invention, corresponding control parameters are adjusted according to different characteristics of different refrigerants, so that the testing device can adapt to testing of refrigerating systems of various working media, and a multi-refrigerant testing function is realized.

The utility model relates to the technical field of testing, in particular to a differential scanning calorimeter which comprises a differential scanning calorimeter, a heating assembly, a display screen and ground feet, the display screen is arranged on one side of the front face of the differential scanning calorimeter, and the ground feet are connected to the positions, close to the four corners, of the lower end of the differential scanning calorimeter. One side, far away from the display screen, of the upper end of the differential scanning calorimeter is connected with a heating assembly, and the heating assembly is composed of a heat insulation cover, a heat insulation sleeve, a handle, a first inner cover, a second inner cover, an inner furnace, an outer furnace, a heat insulation tank, a sealing ring, a heating ring, a sample holder, a soaking block, a sample box and a temperature difference sensor.

The invention provides a system and a method for testing the apparent heat conductivity coefficient of a liquid hydrogen storage tank thermal insulation material. A water cooling coil is arranged on the side wall of a calorimeter, and thermal boundary temperature controllers are arranged on the peripheries of an upper protection cavity, a test cavity and a lower protection cavity; low-temperature thermal boundary temperature control can be achieved through the thermal boundary temperature controller, thermal boundary temperature control over 0 DEG C can be achieved through the water cooling coil, and large consumption of low-temperature working media is avoided. Therefore, the system can measure the apparent heat conductivity coefficient of the thermal insulation material at different thermal boundary temperatures.

The present invention discloses a differential power compensation type battery isothermal calorimeter and a dynamic characteristic correction method. The present invention provides a stable temperature boundary by means of a constant temperature heat sink, installs a battery under test and a reference battery of the same model and the same size in a constant temperature calorimeter cavity, and uses a flexible heating sheet to heat to a target temperature. During the charge and discharge process of the battery under test, the power of the reference side heating sheet is used as the baseline power, the output power of the sample side heating sheet is feedback-controlled, and the real-time output powers of the reference side and the sample side heating sheets are collected and recorded. Based on the piecewise fitting of the curve polynomial, a limiting condition is added to the fitting curve, and the limiting condition is that the curve after fitting is continuous at a specified point, so as to obtain the fitted power value and the power change rate value. The real-time heat generation power during the charge and discharge process of the battery under test can be obtained from the difference between the two powers, and thus the heat generation amount of the battery can be calculated by integration. The present invention can reduce the interference caused by the ambient temperature fluctuation and obtain the baseline power that changes in real time.

The invention relates to an ardealite-based phase change energy storage wallboard as well as a preparation method and application of the ardealite-based phase change energy storage wallboard. LA-HD-PA and DME shape-stabilized phase-change materials are mixed according to different proportions (wherein LA-HD-PA is compounded with modified DME by adopting a vacuum adsorption method, stable combination of LA-HD-PA and DME is ensured, the mass ratio of LA-HD-PA to MDE is 45: 55, the materials are doped into phosphogypsum, and the materials are mixed with cement, fly ash and other building materials to prepare the phase-change energy-storage gypsum board. The microstructure, the mechanical property, the thermophysical property, the heat-conducting property and the thermal stability of the energy storage gypsum board under the condition of different mass fractions of phase change admixtures are analyzed through a scanning electron microscope, a differential scanning calorimeter, a heat conductivity coefficient tester and a thermogravimetric analyzer; and the heat storage and release capability and the temperature control effect of the lower phase change wallboard are evaluated through a self-made micro-room model.

Disclosed in the present invention is a method for preparing an industrial-scale inverse-vulcanized sulfur-rich polymer by means of temperature programming. The method at least comprises the following steps: step 1, melting a dicyclopentadiene raw material with a certain weight in warm water; step 2, adding precipitated sulfur to the molten dicyclopentadiene, and mixing same until uniform; step 3, heating the mixture to 50°C, and then introducing nitrogen or a rare gas into same; step 4, heating the mixture to 115-120°C; step 5, heating the reaction liquid obtained in step 4 to 140°C, so as to obtain a dark brown pre-polymer; step 6, cooling the dark brown pre-polymer to room temperature, so as to obtain a brown viscous body-prepolymer; step 7, subjecting the brown viscous body-prepolymer to temperature-programmed curing, so as to obtain an inverse-vulcanized sulfur-rich polymer product; and step 8, testing the product by using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The present invention relates to the technical field of chemistry, and in particular relates to a method for preparing an industrial-scale inverse-vulcanized sulfur-rich polymer by means of temperature programming.

The embodiment of the application provides a heat exchange quantity metering method and a controller, a heat exchange quantity metering system and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of heat exchange. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining the inlet flow of each inlet pipeline and the outlet flow of each outlet pipeline within a starting time to an ending time, and obtaining the inlet temperature at the starting time and the outlet temperature at the ending time; performing heat exchange quantity calculation according to the inlet flow, the inlet temperature, the outlet flow and the outlet temperature to obtain an initial heat exchange quantity; determining a refrigerant enthalpy value change amount according to the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature; determining a target error proportion according to the refrigerant enthalpy value change amount and the initial heat exchange quantity; if the target error proportion is greater than an error proportion threshold, increasing the ending time, and re-performing error calculation to obtain the target error proportion; if the target error proportion is less than or equal to the error proportion threshold, taking the initial heat exchange quantity as a target heat exchange quantity. The embodiment of the application can realize heat exchange quantity metering of a complex pipeline.

One embodiment includes a respirator system that corrects oxygen sensor measurements, such as measurements derived from an oxygen sensor in a mixing chamber of an indirect calorimeter or oxygen consumption (VO2) monitoring device. In one example, an embodiment determines an inhaled oxygen fraction drift provided by a respirator and corrects a VO2 determination made by the system using a change or rate of change in the inhaled oxygen fraction over time.

The invention relates to the technical field of keel quality identification, in particular to a keel identification method based on differential scanning calorimetry, which comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a keel sample into keel sample powder, putting the keel sample powder into a container, putting the container into a sample measuring pool of a differential scanning calorimeter, and testing under preset conditions; and S2, acquiring a differential scanning calorimetry curve of the keel sample, when the differential scanning calorimetry curve has an endothermic peak within the temperature range of 110-140 DEG C, judging the keel sample as a certified product or a counterfeit product containing at least part of the certified product, and when the differential scanning calorimetry curve does not have an endothermic peak within the temperature range of 110-140 DEG C, judging the keel sample as a counterfeit product. Quality identification of authenticity and adulteration conditions in the keel sample is realized according to whether an endothermic peak appears in a differential scanning calorimetry curve of the keel sample in a temperature range of 110-140 DEG C and according to the peak value of the endothermic peak.

Fluid meter, namely heat quantity meter (1) for recording the quantity of cold and / or heat of a fluid, for installation in a supply line (20) or return line (21) of a fluid piping system, comprising - a connection housing (2), - a measuring arrangement for determining flow rates, - a control and evaluation unit (3) as well as - a first temperature sensor (4) which is intended for installation in the flow line (20) and is intended there for determining the temperature in the flow line (20), - a second temperature sensor (5), which is intended for installation in the return line (21) and is intended there for determining the temperature in the return line (21), - wherein a means for determining the temperature of the connection housing (2) of the fluid meter is provided, - wherein a temperature difference between the temperature of the connection housing (2) of the fluid meter and at least one of the temperatures of the first (4) and second temperature sensor (5) can be determined, wherein the control and evaluation unit (3) determines, on the basis of the determined temperature difference between the temperature of the fluid meter and at least one of the temperatures of the first and second temperature sensors (4, 5), which of the temperature sensors (4, 5) is installed in the supply line (20) or return line (21), wherein the measuring arrangement for determining the flow rate is provided as a means for determining the temperature of the connection housing (2) of the fluid meter, where the temperature sensors (4, 5) are automatically assigned to the flow (20) or return (21), wherein the temperature of the connection housing (2) of the fluid meter is determined on the basis of a temperature-dependent transit time of an ultrasonic signal in the fluid, and wherein a look-up table is provided in which the transit times of the ultrasonic signal in the fluid are stored as a function of the corresponding temperature of the fluid and / or the connection housing (2) of the fluid meter and the temperature to be determined of the connection housing (2) of the fluid meter can be derived from the transit time of the ultrasonic signal and the look-up table.

The invention relates to a heat pump coupling frame kit (1) for a hybrid energy transformation device (600). The heat pump coupling frame kit (1) comprises a frame (2) for connecting the heat pump coupling frame kit (1) to a wall and to a boiler unit (500), in particular a boiler frame kit (100). Further provided is a distributor (10) arranged in the frame (2), in particular connected to the frame (2). The distributor (10) comprises at least one load connector set (17, 18) for connecting the distributor (10) with at least one load circuit (300) of an energy system (400), the load connector set (17, 18) comprising a first load connector configured to connect the load circuit of the energy system (400) to an output of the distributor (10) and a second load connector configured to connect a return from the load circuit to the distributor (10); a boiler connector set (15), comprising a first boiler connector configured to connect the distributor (10) to an output line of the boiler unit (500) and a second boiler connector configured to connect the distributor (10) to a return line of the boiler unit (500); and an energy monitoring module (1000) configured to determine a thermal energy production of the boiler unit (500) by: (a) querying the boiler unit (500) via a local connection, bus, or network; and / or (b) determining a first temperature and first flow volume at the first boiler connector, and calculating the thermal energy output of the boiler unit (500) based, at least in part, on the first temperature and the first flow volume, wherein the energy monitoring module (1000) comprises a first temperature sensor and a first flow sensor; and / or (c) determining the first temperature and the first flow volume at the first load connector or at a combined output of the distributor (10) to the at least one load circuit (300), and calculating the thermal energy output of the boiler unit (500) based, at least in part, on the first temperature and the first flow volume, wherein the energy monitoring module (1000) comprises a first temperature sensor (1110) and a first flow sensor (1112); and / or (d) determining the heat demand of the boiler unit (500), and calculating the thermal energy output of the boiler unit (500) based, at least in part, on the heat demand of the boiler unit (500) and a boiler efficiency; and / or (e) determining an energy consumption of the boiler unit (500) and determining the thermal energy output of the boiler unit (500) based, at least in part, on the energy consumption of the boiler unit (500) and the heat boiler efficiency; and / or (f) receiving information from a heat meter via a local connection, bus, or network.

The application provides a compressor performance test system and a test method thereof, wherein the compressor performance test system comprises a to-be-tested compressor, at least two condensers, at least two calorimeters and a control unit, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and an electronic expansion valve are arranged between the inlet of the calorimeter and the outlet of the condenser, and the outlet of the calorimeter and the liquid reservoir are spaced apart to arrange the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor. In the compressor performance test system and the test method thereof provided in the application, two or more sets of calorimeter systems are used to simultaneously obtain refrigerating capacity of two or more evaporation sides and heating capacity of two or more condensation sides, so as to meet the performance test requirements of the compressor with multiple evaporation temperatures and multiple condensation temperatures.

The present invention discloses a method for evaluating the availability of a heater in a shaft seal overflow energy recovery system, comprising the following steps: inputting heater operating conditions; determining the pressure of the gas phase components at the hot flow side inlet; assuming that the limit temperature is the initial value of the hot flow side outlet temperature and the loop count N=0; determining the pressure of the gas phase components at the hot flow side outlet; calculating the steam flow rate at the hot flow side outlet; calculating the heat exchange capacity at the hot flow side; calculating the cold flow side outlet temperature; determining the heat transfer driving temperature difference; calculating the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchanger; if N=0 and the heat exchange capacity difference is greater than 0, the heater is unavailable; otherwise, calculating the absolute value of the relative error in heat exchange capacity; if it is greater than 0.01%, adjusting the hot flow side outlet temperature and setting N=N+1, and recalculating the heat exchange capacity; otherwise, exiting the loop, calculating the flow rates and end difference of each phase at the hot flow side outlet; if all are not greater than the allowable value, the heater is available; otherwise, the heater is unavailable. The present invention can comprehensively and quickly evaluate the availability of the heater in a shaft seal overflow energy recovery system under relatively few known conditions.

The present application relates to the technical field of secondary batteries and specifically provides a separator and a preparation method therefor, a secondary battery and an electric device. The separator includes a porous base film, where the porous base film includes a matrix phase and a filler phase distributed in the matrix phase; in a differential scanning calorimeter test curve of the porous base film, both a melting peak of the matrix phase and a melting peak of the filler phase are included, and a temperature of the melting peak of the matrix phase is higher than a temperature of the melting peak of the filler phase.

The invention provides a control method for realizing waste heat recovery of a circular cooler, which comprises the following steps of: calculating cooling air quantity required by a high-temperature section according to a waste gas temperature set value of the high-temperature section, a heat calculation value of a sintered ore block at a 1 # monitoring point, a heat calculation value of the sintered ore block at a 2 # monitoring point and a waste gas temperature of a low-temperature section; according to the waste gas temperature set value of the medium-temperature section, the heat calculation value of the sinter blocks at the second monitoring point and the heat calculation value of the sinter blocks at the third monitoring point, the cooling air volume needed by the medium-temperature section is calculated; and according to the heat calculation value of the sinter blocks at the 3 # monitoring point and the set average ore temperature and the heat set value of the sinter blocks at the 4 # monitoring point, the cooling air volume required by the low-temperature section is calculated. According to the system, full utilization of waste heat of the high-temperature section, the medium-temperature section and the low-temperature section and the normal cooling effect of the sinter in the circular cooler are achieved, and the triple purposes of controllable sinter cooling, waste heat recycling and frequency conversion electricity saving are achieved.

The invention relates to the field of detection, in particular to a food detection method which can determine heat conduction lag coefficients of a sample to be detected and a reference substance at previous moments for points corresponding to each target moment on a heat flow curve generated by a differential scanning calorimeter. The method comprises the following steps: determining the actual heat conducted to a to-be-detected sample and a reference substance at a target moment according to the heat quantity of the to-be-detected sample and the reference substance, calculating the actual heat flow to correct a heat flow curve, and judging the quality of the food by using the corrected heat flow curve, so that the hysteresis quality of the heat generated by the heater conducted to the sample and the reference substance is fully considered; the heat flow curve obtained through correction according to the method can better show the actual heat characteristics of the sample, and therefore accurate judgment on the quality of the sample can be achieved.

The invention relates to the technical field of release film detection, and discloses a release film weatherability detection device, which comprises a detection box, a control panel, a differential scanning calorimeter, a detection module, an alternate compensation module, a detection screening module and a temporary resistance separation module, the alternate compensation module comprises a high-temperature area and a low-temperature area, release film samples are alternately and circularly detected in the high-temperature area and the low-temperature area, detection temperature fluctuation caused by energy brought in from an opposite area in the sample switching process is eliminated, and defective films are screened through the detection screening module before the release films enter the alternate compensation module to be detected. The temporary resistance separation module is used for detecting and screening out defective goods and automatically separating the defective goods; a rotation track is arranged to be matched with high-temperature short-time and cooling mode circulating detection, hot and cold alternate transfer is achieved, a sample is cooled after high-temperature detection is conducted for a certain time, the continuous high-temperature exposure time of a release film base material layer is shortened, and the situation that jelly seeps and adheres to the detection environment is affected is avoided.

The invention relates to a differential calorimeter for detecting a thermodynamic characteristic variable of a sample, wherein at least one heating element (2) and at least one thermal element (3) as temperature sensor are formed in each case in the form of a coating on the surface of a planar substrate (1) which is formed from a glass, glass ceramic, glass carbon or ceramic material having a thermal conductivity of less than 20 W / (m K).

The present disclosure provides a multi-sample differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) that allows for simultaneous processing of samples to achieve high throughput sample processing. The multi-sample DSC includes a test chamber; a sample cartridge located within the test chamber, wherein the sample cartridge includes a plurality of sample wells arranged at a periphery of the sample cartridge; a plurality of temperature sensors, wherein each temperature sensor measures a respective temperature of a respective sample well; and a processor configured to selectively determine a temperature difference between any two or more of the plurality of sample wells.

The present invention addresses the problem of providing a PTC resistor in which the resistance value can be easily increased within a short time after reaching a certain temperature and the resistance value remains high after the temperature increase. A PTC resistor according to the present invention, which solves the problem described above, comprises conductive particles, a polyolefin-based wax, and a binder resin. With respect to the DSC curve of the polyolefin-based wax, obtained by increasing the temperature from 25°C to 150°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min using a differential scanning calorimeter, the number of melting peaks in the DSC curve is 1 or 2.

The invention discloses a calorimeter and method for FLASH radiotherapy rays. The calorimeter comprises a calorimetric core, a jacket layer and a shielding layer. The calorimetric core is an absorber of FLASH radiotherapy rays, and the calorimetric core is nested in a first space in the jacket layer in a manner that a first interval exists between the calorimetric core and the jacket layer and the calorimetric core and the jacket layer are not in contact with each other; the jacket layer is nested in a second space in the shielding layer in a manner that the jacket layer and the shielding layer have a second interval and are not in contact with each other; no non-gas filler exists in the first interval and the second interval. Through the arrangement, the calorimeter aims to meet the strict requirements of ultrahigh dose rate and millisecond irradiation of FLASH radiotherapy rays, the defects that solid filler hinders heat transfer and increases heat capacity in the prior art are overcome, through the design that three layers do not make contact with each other and are free of solid filling, heat loss and heat conduction lag are reduced, heat is concentrated on the calorimetric core, and the heat loss is reduced. Meanwhile, the overall heat capacity is reduced, the millisecond-level thermal response speed is guaranteed, and high accuracy and traceability of dose measurement are guaranteed.