The invention discloses a system for automatically and quickly distributing drilling liquid. The system comprises a programmable logic controller (PLC) automatic control system, an air source system, a storage system, a dry mixing system and a slurry mixing system; the air source system comprises an air storage tank, a large-scale air compressor, a dry cooling machine, a small-scale air compressor and an air supply pipeline which are uniformly distributed on a forced draught fan package; the storage system comprises a raw material storage tank, an additive storage tank, a dust removal tank, weighing sensors which are arranged at bottoms of the raw material storage tank and the additive storage tank, a raw material gas conveying pipeline and a dust removal pipeline; the dry mixing system comprises a primary mixing tank and a batch mixing tank which are arranged on a dry mixing package, weighing sensors which are arranged at bottoms of the primary mixing tank and the batch mixing tank, a primary mixing pipeline, a batch mixing pipeline, and a primary mixing tank and batch mixing tank mixing circulation pipeline; and the slurry mixing system comprises a stirring pool, a stirrer which is arranged on the middle part of the stirring pool, a diffusion groove which is formed on one side of the stirrer, a high-energy mixer which is arranged on the upper part of the diffusion groove, a slurry mixing pipeline, a slurry conveying pipeline and a densitometer which is arranged on the slurry conveying pipeline; and all the systems are matched to realize automatic slurry distribution.