181 results about "Acid concentration" patented technology

The utility model discloses a waste acid concentration and recovery device, which relates to the technical field of waste acid recovery, and comprises a flocculation barrel and a heating barrel, and further comprises a disturbance impurity removal unit and a transfer filtering unit which are arranged between the flocculation barrel and the heating barrel, the disturbance impurity removal unit comprises a collection hopper, an impurity removal vertical pipe, a rotating rod, a driving motor, a disturbance transverse plate and a spiral blade; the adjusting and filtering unit comprises a circular brush plate, a servo motor, a screw rod, a flocculating agent input pipe and a circular filter plate. In the utility model, the disturbance transverse plate fixedly arranged on the peripheral surface of the rotating rod can disturb and stir waste acid and a flocculating agent, flocculate is extruded by the circular filter plate and then is gathered through the aggregate bin, and when the flocculate is removed, a pipe plug on the impurity removal vertical pipe is taken down, so that the waste acid and the flocculating agent can be removed. And the spiral blade wound on the peripheral surface of the rotating rod can push and guide out the gathered flocculate on the impurity removal vertical pipe to complete removal, so that the flocculate is smoothly discharged and guided out, and the subsequent treatment effect is ensured.

The utility model discloses a dilute sulphuric acid concentration and recovery device which is characterized in that the inside of a concentration barrel is divided into four concentration cavities by partition plates, jackets are wrapped outside the concentration barrel and positioned at the positions of the concentration cavities, and feed openings are formed in the bottoms of the upper three concentration cavities of the concentration barrel; feed ports are formed in the positions, located on the upper portions of the lower three concentration cavities, of the concentration barrel, the feed ports and the discharge ports are in one-to-one correspondence and are connected with each other through electric valves, and an output shaft of the speed reduction motor is connected with the assembly type stirrer. Every two concentration cavities are communicated through an electric valve, on one hand, the multiple concentration cavities are adopted for concentration at the same time, efficiency is greatly improved, extra space is not occupied, on the other hand, stepped concentration treatment can be achieved, the stepped concentration treatment can be continuously carried out without waiting, and when the concentration meets the requirement, the concentration can be discharged and recycled from the corresponding discharging port, and the cost is reduced. And the flexibility is greatly improved.

The invention discloses a non-enzymatic uric acid electrochemical sensor based on quaternary ammonium salt modified MXene, a method and application, and belongs to the technical field of sensors. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing an MXene material through an etching method; the preparation method comprises the following steps: modifying an MXene material by adopting quaternary ammonium salt to obtain a modified MXene material; a working electrode is modified with the modified MXene material, a reference electrode and a counter electrode are combined to form a three-electrode system, and the non-enzymatic uric acid electrochemical sensor based on quaternary ammonium salt modified MXene is obtained. The prepared non-enzymatic uric acid electrochemical sensor is excellent in performance, high in sensitivity and low in detection limit; the linear range is wide and covers the human blood uric acid concentration range; the stability is good, and the influence by temperature and pH is avoided; the biological compatibility is good, the antibacterial property is good, and the toxicity is low. The sensor can realize rapid and quantitative detection of human blood uric acid concentration, has excellent detection performance, and has no obvious difference with the detection result of a large biochemical analysis instrument.

The invention provides a novel implant surface treatment method and device, and the method comprises the following steps: carrying out sand blasting treatment on an implant by adopting TA4G medical titanium sand, and controlling the sand blasting parameters to be that the air pressure is 0.18-0.25 Mpa, the distance between a spray gun nozzle and the implant is 3-8 mm, the single sand blasting time is 5-13 seconds, and the sand blasting times is 2-5; then carrying out acid etching treatment on the implant subjected to sand blasting by using a mixed acid solution of sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid, wherein the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 18-36%, and the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 15-48%; and finally, cleaning the implant subjected to acid etching treatment. The particle size of TA4G medical titanium sand used in the sand blasting treatment is 40-80 meshes. The invention provides a novel sand blasting and acid etching surface treatment process, provides a better implant surface treatment solution, not only solves the problems in the prior art, but also brings about optimized surface structure, enhanced hydrophilicity and bone combination rate, reduced material pollution and stronger parameter controllability. Therefore, a better choice is provided for manufacturing and clinical application of the dental implant.

Disclosed in the present invention is a process for preparing a monosaccharide solution by means of acid gradient treatment of a straw lignocellulose. The process comprises the steps of: S1: performing a first acidolysis reaction on a lignocellulose biomass using an acid solution with a concentration of 50 wt% or above to obtain a first acidolysis solution; S2: uniformly mixing the first acidolysis solution with an organic solvent, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain a glycan-containing residue; and S3: adding water and / or an acid solution to the glycan-containing residue to obtain a mixed solution with an acid concentration of 45 wt% or below, and performing a second acidolysis reaction to obtain a monosaccharide-containing reaction solution. In the present invention, pretreatment is performed at room temperature and atmospheric pressure without the need to provide additional energy, and various agents used in the pretreatment process are all recoverable, which greatly reduces the production cost. In addition, in the present invention, a relatively low liquid-solid ratio is used, monosaccharide can be directly obtained after the pretreatment, and finally a monosaccharide solution with a high and adjustable concentration is obtained, thereby avoiding a large amount of input in enzyme costs.

The invention discloses an establishing method, a monitoring method and an adding method of a monitoring model for the concentration of hydrochloric acid in an etching solution. The establishing method of the monitoring model for the concentration of hydrochloric acid in the etching solution comprises the following steps: acquiring sample data; calculating each coefficient value in a pre-established multivariate polynomial regression model according to the sample data to obtain a regression model; obtaining verification data, taking the temperature, the oxidation-reduction potential, the hydrochloric acid concentration and the Cu < 2 + > concentration in the verification data as the input of the regression model, and outputting the predicted value of the conductivity; calculating the closeness degree of the predicted value of the conductivity and the actual value of the conductivity in the verification data; when the calculated closeness degree is smaller than a preset threshold value, recalculating each coefficient value in the regression model until the closeness degree is greater than or equal to the preset threshold value; and when the calculated closeness degree is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value, taking the obtained regression model as a hydrochloric acid concentration monitoring model.

The invention provides a pipeline dead zone pickling parameter determination method, medium and system, and belongs to the technical field of pipeline dead zone pickling, and the method comprises the steps: firstly building a pipeline dead zone geometric model, and determining the length, diameter, shape and other characteristics of a dead zone; then defining pickling parameters including acid liquor concentration, temperature, pickling time and related pump power; then, acid pickling effect evaluation indexes are constructed, such as acid pickling uniformity, residual dirt amount and pipe wall corrosion degree; the method comprises the following steps: simulating acid liquid flowing and reaction processes under different pickling parameters by utilizing computational fluid dynamics software, and establishing a mathematical relationship model between the pickling parameters and pickling effect evaluation indexes; on the basis, a multi-objective optimization model is designed, constraint conditions are established by taking maximization of pickling uniformity and minimization of residual dirt amount and pipe wall corrosion degree as objectives, and a plurality of optimal solutions are solved. And finally, through small-scale experiment verification, selecting an optimal solution with an optimal pickling effect as a target solution, and outputting a corresponding optimal pickling parameter.

The utility model belongs to the technical field of heat exchanger cleaning, and discloses a heat exchanger cleaning device which comprises a box body, a circulating system and an acidity meter, acid liquid is contained in the box body, the circulating system is connected with the box body and a heat exchanger and can enable the acid liquid in the box body to enter the heat exchanger in a circulating mode, and the acidity meter comprises a probe and a display screen. The probe is arranged in the box body and used for detecting the concentration of the acid liquid in the box body, and the display screen is used for displaying the real-time acid concentration of the acid liquid. According to the heat exchanger cleaning device provided by the utility model, the acid liquid is used for circularly cleaning the heat exchanger, so that the heat exchanger is prevented from being disassembled and assembled, and the working difficulty of workers is reduced; it is ensured that the acid liquid can chemically react with scale every time the acid liquid enters and exits the heat exchanger, effective cleaning is achieved every time the acid liquid enters and exits the heat exchanger, and the cleaning efficiency of the heat exchanger is effectively improved.

The invention discloses a resourceful treatment method for stainless steel pickling waste liquid and waste water. The waste liquid is divided into high-concentration waste liquid and low-concentration waste liquid according to the acid concentration and the salt concentration to be treated respectively. Sequentially recovering gypsum, chromic hydroxide, nickel sulfide, ferrous hydroxide and manganese-rich slag from the low-concentration waste liquid through gradient precipitation; and neutralizing free acid from the high-concentration waste liquid by using ferrous hydroxide generated in a low-concentration section, cooling and crystallizing to recover ferrous sulfate, deeply removing nickel by using nickel sulfide generated in the low-concentration section, and precipitating to recover chromium hydroxide. In the whole process, generation of ferric iron is strictly controlled, and high-value productization recovery of free acid and all metals is achieved. The method has the advantages of low medicament consumption, high metal recovery rate, high product value, no secondary pollution and the like.

Proposed is a method for producing a grain-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet, with which it is possible to further improve magnetic properties and suppress fluctuations in magnetic properties and film properties in a coil without using an inhibitor. This method for producing a grain-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet includes: a hot rolling step for hot rolling a steel roll material having a constituent composition which contains C, Si, Mn, acid-soluble Al, N and Sb and in which S and Se are contained so as to satisfy a prescribed relational expression; an optional hot-rolled sheet annealing step; a cold rolling step; an acid washing step; a primary recrystallization annealing step; and a finish annealing step. In intermediate annealing in the hot-rolled sheet annealing step or cold rolling step before a final cold rolled steel sheet is obtained, the γ-phase fraction in the steel structure at the annealing temperature is 1.0-25.0 vol%, the average cooling speed after annealing is 20-50ºC / s, acid washing is carried out using a solution which contains 2-15 mass% of Fe ions and has an acid concentration of 1-20 mass% in the acid washing step, and an annealing separating agent contains a Ti compound at a quantity of 0.3-8 parts by mass in terms of Ti relative to 100 parts by mass of magnesia in the finish annealing step.

This invention relates to the field of scheelite processing technology, and particularly to a method for processing scheelite ore, comprising the following steps: first, slurry conditioning; pH adjustment, the method for controlling the pH value of the reaction solution includes: after controlling the reaction solution to a first pH value, lowering the pH value to a second pH value every first time period, and finally controlling the residual acid concentration of the reaction solution to be controlled at 8-11 g / L and maintained for a second time period; first filtration; second slurry conditioning; leaching; second filtration. Using the scheelite ore processing method provided by this invention, after treating the scheelite ore with a first reagent under certain conditions, followed by leaching treatment, effectively reduces the tungsten content in the slag and reduces tungsten loss. This method has the advantages of a short process, less reagent addition, less slag and solution formation, and significantly reduced tungsten loss.

The invention relates to a weighted authigenic acid as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The weighted authigenic acid comprises an acid generating component and a weighting component, the acid generating component comprises an acid generating agent, a product solubilizer, a catalyst and a corrosion inhibitor; the acid generator comprises organic weak acid and a chlorine-containing acid generator; the weighting component comprises weighting salt, a resistance reducing agent and water; the aggravated authigenic acid is high in acid generation efficiency and controllable in acid generation concentration, the concentration of generated H < + > can reach up to 4.95 mol / L, the aggravated authigenic acid has high corrosion inhibition capacity, the corrosion rate is as low as 30 g / (m < 2 >. H) or below, the preparation method is simple, raw materials are easy to obtain, and the aggravated authigenic acid can be used for efficient transformation of ultra-deep high-temperature carbonate reservoirs with the temperature reaching up to 120-200 DEG C.

The invention discloses a method for improving sensory quality of flos lonicerae tea by acidizing treatment. The method comprises the following steps: (1) enzyme deactivation; (2) acidizing; (3) microwave treatment; and (4) drying. The fragrance and taste of the flos lonicerae scented tea are effectively enhanced and reserved, the scented tea is sweet in taste and refreshing in fragrance, the additional value of the flos lonicerae scented tea is improved, the problems that in current flos lonicerae scented tea processing, camellia flowers are boring in taste and poor in fragrance are solved, uniform design and optimization are conducted through experiments, and the quality of the flos lonicerae scented tea is improved. The optimal process conditions of the obtained flos lonicerae flower tea are as follows: the acid concentration is 0.6%, the acid preparation temperature is 60 DEG C, the acid addition percentage content is 16%, and the drying temperature is 90 DEG C. The process has certain significance in popularization of flos lonicerae flower tea products.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological detection, and particularly relates to active powder for rapidly detecting the concentration of succinic acid, a detection device and a detection method, the detection process is simplified through standardized addition of the active powder, online monitoring of the concentration of succinic acid can be realized in combination with a matched detection device, the accuracy of a detection result is improved, and the detection efficiency is improved. Rapid detection of the concentration of succinic acid can be achieved, the concentration of succinic acid can be monitored on line in combination with a matched device, and the production efficiency and the product quality control level are greatly improved.

The invention provides a pickling line monitoring system, which comprises a sensor, a control module and an actuator, the sensor monitors the acid concentration, temperature, liquid level and pickling line transmission speed of a pickling tank, and the actuator is used for controlling the technological actions of acid supplement, acid dilution, acid discharge, heating and circulation of the pickling tank. The control module controls the actuator in real time according to data of the sensor so as to maintain the concentration of acid liquor in the pickling tank to be close to the optimal value of the pickling process; the real-time control strategy of the control module comprises the steps that output parameters of an actuator are adjusted in real time through a feed-forward control and PID feedback control integrated composite control strategy, feed-forward compensation is improved for the change of the transmission speed of the pickling line through feed-forward control, and disturbance of acid concentration, temperature and liquid level data to output is reduced through PID feedback control setting dead zones. According to the invention, the acid concentration adjusting precision and the automation degree of the pickling line are improved.

The invention discloses a titanium dioxide waste acid concentration system and method, and belongs to the technical field of sulfuric acid process titanium dioxide production or similar waste acid concentration. The system comprises a primary concentration and ferrous separation module and a secondary concentration and ferrous separation module. The primary concentration and ferrous separation module realizes primary concentration and solid-liquid separation of waste acid through an evaporation concentration kettle, a flash tank and a primary diaphragm filter press; and the secondary concentration and ferrous separation module is used for carrying out deep concentration and secondary separation on the waste acid through a scraper evaporator and a secondary diaphragm filter press. The system adopts the technologies of ultrasonic descaling, stepped concentration and solid removal, partition temperature control film evaporation and the like, and is matched with a mirror surface level inner wall scraper evaporator and an adjustable rapping device, so that the problem of scaling blockage in the waste acid concentration process is effectively solved. The method can increase the concentration of waste acid to 60% or above, realizes continuous automatic operation, and has the advantages of low equipment investment, low operation cost, environmental friendliness, high resource recovery rate and the like.

The invention provides a method for recycling waste acid in a steel cord electroplating process. The method comprises the following steps: collecting waste acid discharged by an electrolytic pickling tank; freezing crystallization treatment is performed at low temperature, ferrous sulfate is separated out through crystallization, and pretreated acid liquor is obtained after recovery; filtering the acid liquor to remove oil sludge impurities in the acid liquor, and storing at normal temperature; after secondary filtration of the acid liquor, part is pumped out and diluted with water, the concentration of iron ions and organic matter in the acid liquor is reduced, the acid concentration is controlled, and diluted acid liquor is obtained; concentrated sulfuric acid and diluted acid liquor are used for reconfiguration, and new dilute sulfuric acid is obtained; and dilute sulfuric acid is added into the electrolytic pickling tank for electrolytic pickling operation. According to the method, ferrous sulfate can be recycled from the waste acid, resource utilization of the waste acid is achieved, meanwhile, a dilute sulfuric acid preparation method is optimized, precipitates, impurities and acid liquor turbidity are reduced, the quality of prepared electrolytic pickling sulfuric acid is improved, the surface quality of a steel wire and the efficiency of an electrolytic polar plate and a heat exchanger are not affected, recycled waste acid is treated and utilized, and the economic benefit is increased. And emission and pollution are reduced.

The invention relates to the field of phosphoric acid production, and particularly discloses an improved nitric acid method crude phosphoric acid production process and a denitration concentration system. The production process comprises the following steps: decomposing phosphorite with dilute nitric acid, freezing and crystallizing the obtained acidolysis solution, filtering, and adding concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain a mixed acid solution containing phosphoric acid and nitric acid; and introducing the mixed acid liquid into a first-effect evaporator and a second-effect evaporator for double-effect evaporation, and distilling in a rectifying tower to obtain a crude phosphoric acid product. According to the application, mixed acid is subjected to denitration concentration by adopting a downstream double-effect evaporation technology, by virtue of a pressure-temperature double-gradient design and in combination with a rectifying tower, staged denitration is realized by utilizing the pressure dependence of the volatility of nitric acid, and primary denitration and energy supply are realized by adopting a high-pressure and high-temperature evaporation section as a first-effect evaporation section; the second-effect evaporation is a vacuum low-temperature evaporation section, deep denitration and acid enrichment are achieved, and the concentration of nitric acid enriched in the low-temperature section reaches 55 wt%. The concentration of phosphoric acid in the finally obtained product is more than or equal to 75wt%, and the residual nitric acid is less than or equal to 0.5

The present application relates to the technical field of rhombohedral manganese ore leaching, and particularly discloses a rhombohedral manganese ore dressing and smelting combined efficient leaching process, which comprises the following steps: 1. low-acid leaching: rhombohedral manganese ore powder is added into low-acid anolyte for stirring leaching, the acid concentration of the anolyte is 42-46 g / L, 8-10 cubic meters of low-acid anolyte is used for each ton of rhombohedral manganese ore powder, after the leaching is completed, the end point pH value is controlled to be 6.0-6.5 by adding a neutralizing agent, and the leaching slurry is concentrated by a thickener to separate supernatant and concentrated ore slurry. The present application can efficiently realize rhombohedral manganese ore leaching and is suitable for promotion.

The present invention addresses the problem of providing: a method for continuously producing an aluminum-resin composite having high bonding strength, the method comprising: a first surface treatment step in which the surface of an aluminum member is brought into contact with an alkaline surface treatment agent, and the alkaline surface treatment agent is brought into contact with the surface of the aluminum member; the alkaline surface treatment agent contains an alkali source, amphoteric metal ions, an oxidizing agent, and a sulfur compound; a second surface treatment step in which the surface of the aluminum member that has undergone the first surface treatment step is brought into contact with an acidic surface treatment agent containing halogen ions, aluminum ions, ammonium ions, and an acid, the acidic surface treatment agent containing the acid at an acid concentration of 3.0 mass% to 4.9 mass%, and the aluminum ions at an acid concentration of 0.2 mass% to 3.8 mass%; and a bonding step in which a resin composition is bonded to the surface of the aluminum member subjected to the second surface treatment step.

The invention relates to the field of chemical analysis and detection, in particular to a method for rapidly detecting the concentration of industrial concentrated acid based on neutralization reaction, which comprises the following steps: 1, theoretical calculation; converting molar concentration according to acid density and mass fraction; 2, accurately measuring the volume of target acid by using a pipette; 2, injecting 100-150ml of pure water into the triangular flask, and adding 3-5 drops of phenolphthalein; 3, slowly injecting an acid sample into the triangular flask, and slightly shaking and uniformly mixing; 4, adding 10.00 ml of NaOH solution by using the pipette, and oscillating for 10-20 seconds; 3, result interpretation: transparency and colorless: acid is excessive when the acid concentration reaches the standard, pH is less than or equal to 8.2 after neutralization, pink lasts for 20-30 seconds, and reinspection is needed when the acid concentration is insufficient and the pH is greater than or equal to 8.3. The method has the beneficial effects that 1, a reverse judgment method is adopted, namely the conventional end-point titration is replaced by fixed alkali amount, so that the detection time is shortened to 2 minutes; 2, safety design: pre-dilution reduces the risk of acid mist, and only a trace amount of raw acid is needed to avoid acid corrosion; 3, multi-acid adaptation: compatibility with detection of different types of concentrated acids is realized through pipetting volume adjustment;

This utility model belongs to the field of stainless steel pipe pickling technology, specifically relating to an acid concentration adaptive automatic pickling tank, including a tank body. A perforated plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tank body. An acidity detector is embedded in the tank body. A sealing baffle is detachably connected to the tank body. A disturbance component is arranged below the perforated plate. A reflux component and a vibration component are arranged on the side wall of the tank body. The disturbance component includes a motor, which is fixedly mounted on a mounting frame. A bevel gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor. This acid concentration adaptive automatic pickling tank, through the use of the disturbance component, uses a motor to drive the agitator blades to rotate, agitating the acid solution. The reflux component, through synchronous transmission, rotates the spiral blades, transporting the acid solution from the bottom of the tank to the top, promoting the circulation and mixing of the upper and lower layers of acid solution, significantly reducing concentration stratification and avoiding excessive or insufficient acid replenishment due to local concentration deviations, thus ensuring stable pickling results.

The invention relates to the technical field of concentration detection of phosphate, in particular to a method for detecting the concentration of phosphate ions in a nickel-free hole sealing tank solution. The detection method comprises the following steps: adding a nickel-free hole sealing tank solution into a quantitative bottle for quantification, adding an ascorbic acid solution and a molybdate solution into a volumetric flask, carrying out a standing reaction at 28-32 DEG C for 15-25 min, determining the light absorption value of the reaction solution at 700 nm by using a spectrophotometer, obtaining the phosphorus content M according to a phosphorus standard curve model, and calculating the phosphate ion concentration P according to a formula. Compared with an existing method for detecting the concentration of orthophosphoric acid through IC equipment, the concentration data measured through the spectrophotometric method is more stable and smaller in difference, the accuracy of concentration analysis of the phosphate ions in the nickel-free hole sealing groove can be achieved, and the situation that materials are scrapped due to the fact that the concentration of the phosphate ions is abnormal in the production process is effectively avoided.

The invention discloses a rinsing system and a rinsing method for regulating and controlling the deacidification effect of a latex solidification film, the film to be rinsed is output from the right end of the system after sequentially passing through one to multiple stages of rinsing tanks, the acid content of the film is gradually reduced after multiple times of thinning and rinsing, and the acid content of circulating water in the rinsing tanks is also gradually reduced. Acid-free make-up water enters the system from an inlet of a make-up water pump in the rear-stage rinsing tank, sequentially passes through the rear-stage rinsing tank and the front-stage rinsing tank, and then is discharged from the front-stage rinsing tank; the distribution trend of the acid content of the make-up water is consistent with the distribution trend of the acid content of the circulating water from the previous-stage rinsing tank to the last-stage rinsing tank, and a large concentration difference is maintained between the make-up water and the circulating water in each tank, so that the deacidification effect of the make-up water is fully exerted, and the purpose of saving water is achieved. The acid concentration difference value between the make-up water and the circulating water in each tank can be changed by changing the flow of the make-up water, and the deacidification effect of the film is changed.

This invention belongs to the field of fly ash treatment technology, specifically disclosing a method for separating potassium and sodium from fly ash, including the following steps: adjusting the acid concentration in the fly ash washing solution to 40-65% and the temperature to 40-65℃, adding a sodium precipitating agent and maintaining the reaction temperature, and filtering to obtain sodium salt and potassium-containing waste liquid. This invention utilizes precipitation to recover sodium ions from fly ash washing solution. After filtration, sodium salt precipitate and potassium-containing waste liquid are obtained. During this process, the reaction is controlled under acidic conditions to prevent potassium ion precipitation. At 40-60℃, the sodium precipitating agent reacts with sodium ions to obtain sodium salt precipitate with large crystals, which allows for more convenient and thorough filtration, resulting in better separation of potassium and sodium ions in the fly ash washing solution. The sodium salt precipitate is further washed with a displacement agent to replace the potassium ions attached to the surface of the sodium salt precipitate with sodium, improving the purity of the sodium salt product. Finally, multiple water washings are performed to reduce the acidity of the sodium salt precipitate, resulting in a sodium salt product with stable quality.

Embodiments of the present technology include electroplating methods that include providing a first portion of an electrolyte feedstock to a first compartment of an electrochemical cell. The first portion of an electrolyte feedstock may be characterized by an initial metal ion concentration and an initial acid concentration. The methods may include providing a second portion of an electrolyte feedstock to a second compartment of the electrochemical cell. The second compartment and first compartment may be separated by a first membrane. The methods may include providing an acidic solution to a third compartment of the electrochemical cell. The third compartment and second compartment may be separated by a second membrane. The acidic solution may be characterized by an initial acid concentration. The methods may include applying a current to an anode of the electrochemical cell. The anode of the electrochemical cell may be disposed proximate the first compartment and across from the first membrane.

An electroplating system including a Cu bath disposed within a vessel, the Cu bath characterized by a predetermined threshold of Cu concentration, and a predetermined threshold of acid concentration, and where a substrate is submerged in the Cu bath; and a jet array configured to spray a fluid onto the substrate, where the fluid has a same composition as the Cu bath. Further, a method including spraying a fluid onto a substrate with the jet array, wherein the fluid has a same composition as the Cu bath and where spraying the substrate increases a deposition rate of a deposited Cu onto the substrate, where the predetermined threshold of acid concentration increases a bath conductivity of the Cu bath, and where the increased bath conductivity improves a coplanarity of deposited copper structure.

The utility model provides an automatic sulfuric acid concentration detection device which is characterized in that a liquid inlet pipe is arranged on one side of a shell, a sampling valve is arranged at the upper end of the liquid inlet pipe, a cavity with a closed structure is arranged at the upper half position of one side in the shell, and a first sulfuric acid concentration meter and a second sulfuric acid concentration meter are arranged in the cavity; the detection ends of the first sulfuric acid concentration meter and the second sulfuric acid concentration meter extend into the shell and are close to the bottom of the shell, a liquid level sensor is further arranged between the first sulfuric acid concentration meter and the second sulfuric acid concentration meter, the detection end of the liquid level sensor penetrates through the cavity to face the interior of the shell, and a liquid outlet is further formed in one side of the bottom of the shell. And an acid discharge pump is arranged on the liquid discharge port. According to the automatic detection device, the working environment is improved, the operation safety and convenience are improved, and meanwhile the requirement for safety management is met.

The invention provides a fault judgment and processing method and device for a wet sulfuric acid process and electronic equipment, and the fault judgment and processing method comprises the steps: obtaining operation parameters in the wet sulfuric acid process, and presetting an operation threshold value and a fault condition of the process; comparing the operation parameter with an operation threshold value, and if the operation parameter exceeds the operation threshold value and meets a fault condition, analyzing the acid outlet concentration of the wet sulfuric acid process; and if the acid outlet concentration exceeds the standard value of the wet sulfuric acid process, outputting a fault condition corresponding to the fault condition and carrying out fault treatment on the wet sulfuric acid process. The fault judgment and processing method provided by the invention carries out fault study and judgment and fault processing on the wet sulfuric acid process, the comprehensive operation parameters and the outlet acid concentration, improves the accuracy of process fault judgment, improves the fault processing efficiency, and effectively guarantees the process operation stability, the system safety and the product quality.

This invention proposes an indirect steam heating device resistant to strong acid corrosion, belonging to the field of steam heating technology for strong acid corrosion resistance. Addressing the technical problems of existing strong acid environment heating technologies, such as acid concentration dilution, poor corrosion resistance of ordinary materials, low heating efficiency of plastic materials, and small heat exchange area, this invention provides an indirect steam heating device resistant to strong acid corrosion in strong acid environments. It achieves the technical goals of not diluting the acid concentration, long-term resistance to strong acid corrosion, and efficient increase in the temperature of strong acid solutions. Furthermore, by optimizing the pipeline layout to increase the heat exchange area, it further improves heating efficiency, meeting the requirements for efficient oxide layer removal in beryllium copper strip production.