85 results about "Gas volume fraction" patented technology

A flow measuring system combines a density measuring device and a device for measuring the speed of sound (SOS) propagating through the fluid flow and/or for determining the gas volume fraction (GVF) of the flow. The GVF meter measures acoustic pressures propagating through the fluids to measure the speed of sound α_mix propagating through the fluid to calculate at least gas volume fraction of the fluid and/or SOS. In response to the measured density and gas volume fraction, a processing unit determines the density of non-gaseous component of an aerated fluid flow. For three phase fluid flows, the processing unit can determine the phase fraction of the non-gaseous components of the fluid flow. The gas volume fraction (GVF) meter may include a sensing device having a plurality of strain-based or pressure sensors spaced axially along the pipe for measuring the acoustic pressures propagating through the flow.

A flow measuring system is provided that provides at least one of a compensated mass flow rate measurement and a compensated density measurement. The flow measuring system includes a gas volume fraction meter in combination with a coriolis meter. The GVF meter measures acoustic pressures propagating through the fluids to measure the speed of sound α_mix propagating through the fluid to calculate at least gas volume fraction of the fluid and/or the reduced natural frequency. For determining an improved density for the coriolis meter, the calculated gas volume fraction and/or reduced frequency is provided to a processing unit. The improved density is determined using analytically derived or empirically derived density calibration models (or formulas derived therefore), which is a function of the measured natural frequency and at least one of the determined GVF, reduced frequency and speed of sound, or any combination thereof. The gas volume fraction (GVF) meter may include a sensing device having a plurality of strain-based or pressure sensors spaced axially along the pipe for measuring the acoustic pressures propagating through the flow.

An apparatus 10,110 is provided that measures the speed of sound or acoustic disturbances propagating in a fluid or mixture having entrained gas/air to determine the gas volume fraction of the flow 12 propagating through a pipe 14. The apparatus includes an array of pressure sensors disposed axially along the length of the pipe. The apparatus measures the speed of sound propagating through the fluid to determine the gas volume fraction of the mixture using adaptive array processing techniques to define an acoustic ridge in the k-ω plane. The slope of the acoustic ridge 61 defines the speed of sound propagating through the fluid in the pipe.

A method and apparatus for measuring at least one characteristic of an aerated fluid flowing within a pipe is provided, wherein the method includes generating a measured sound speed, a measured density, a pressure and a gas volume fraction for the aerated fluid. The method also includes correcting the measured density responsive to the measured sound speed, the pressure and the gas volume fraction to generate a corrected density. The method further includes calculating a liquid phase density, determining whether the gas volume fraction is above a predetermined threshold value and generating a mass flow rate responsive to whether the gas volume fraction is above the predetermined threshold value.

A flow measuring system is provided that provides at least one of a compensated mass flow rate measurement and a compensated density measurement. The flow measuring system includes a gas volume fraction meter in combination with a coriolis meter. The GVF meter measures acoustic pressures propagating through the fluids to measure the speed of sound α_mix propagating through the fluid to calculate at least gas volume fraction of the fluid and/or the reduced natural frequency. For determining an improved density for the coriolis meter, the calculated gas volume fraction and/or reduced frequency is provided to a processing unit. The improved density is determined using analytically derived or empirically derived density calibration models (or formulas derived therefore), which is a function of the measured natural frequency and at least one of the determined GVF, reduced frequency and speed of sound, or any combination thereof. The gas volume fraction (GVF) meter may include a sensing device having a plurality of strain-based or pressure sensors spaced axially along the pipe for measuring the acoustic pressures propagating through the flow.

The invention provides a signal processor that receives a signal containing information about an acoustic signal that is generated by at least one acoustic transmitter, that travels through an aerated fluid in a container, and that is received by at least one acoustic receiver arranged in relation to the container, including inside the container; and determines the gas volume fraction of the aerated fluid based at least partly on the speed of sound measurement of the acoustic signal that travels through the aerated fluid in the container. The signal processor also sends an output signal containing information about the gas volume fraction of the aerated fluid. The signal processor may be configured together with at least one acoustic transmitter, the at least one acoustic receiver, or both.

An apparatus for determining a fluid cut measurement of a multi-liquid mixture includes a first device configured to sense at least one parameter of the mixture to determine a fluid cut of a liquid in the mixture. A second device is configured to determine a concentration of gas in the mixture in response to a speed of sound in the mixture; and a signal processor is configured to adjust the fluid cut of the liquid using the concentration of the gas to determine a compensated fluid cut of the liquid. The parameter of the mixture sensed by the first device may include a density of the mixture (e.g., by way of a Coriolis meter), a permittivity of the mixture (e.g., by way of a resonant microwave oscillator), or an amount of microwave energy absorbed by the mixture (e.g., by way of a microwave absorption watercut meter). The signal processor may employ different correction factors depending on the type of fluid cut device used. The second device may include a gas volume fraction meter.

A method and apparatus are provided for determining the gas flow rate of a gas-liquid mixture which has a gas volume fraction (GVF) of at least 85% and which is conveyed along a conduit. The conduit is fitted with a differential pressure flow meter and a fluid densitometer. The method comprises: measuring the pressure difference across the differential pressure flow meter and measuring the density of the mixture using the densitometer; estimating the GVF of the mixture from the measured density; and calculating the gas flow rate from the measured pressure difference and measured is used in the calculation to correct the gas flow rate for the high GVF value of the mixture.

A clamp on apparatus10,110 is provided that measures the speed of sound or acoustic disturbances propagating in a fluid or mixture having entrained gas/air to determine the gas volume fraction of the flow 12 propagating through a pipe 14. The apparatus includes an array of pressure sensors clamped onto the exterior of the pipe and disposed axially along the length of the pipe. The apparatus measures the speed of sound propagating through the fluid to determine the gas volume fraction of the mixture using adaptive array processing techniques to define an acoustic ridge in the k-ω plane. The slope of the acoustic ridge 61 defines the speed of sound propagating through the fluid in the pipe.

The invention discloses a tracer-gas-volume-fraction-based integral measurement and calculation method for an air leakage of a working face behind a support. At a lower corner angle of a working face, tracer gas is released to a place with the certain depth in a goaf region near the lower corner angle of the working face at a constant amount; gas is extracted from gaps between supports by using gas measuring pipes at certain intervals along the working face length direction; a tracer gas volume fraction at a measuring point is analyzed; a tracer gas volume fraction distribution curve after supports is drawn, wherein a horizontal coordinate region included under the curve is a goaf facing working face tunnel air-leak region. With the integral method, the area encircled by the tracer gas volume fraction curve is solved and a tracer gas volume fraction of goaf air-leak attenuation is obtained; the attenuation tracer gas volume is divided by the tracer gas volume fraction to obtain a total air leak value of leaking in the goaf of the U-shaped ventilating working face. A ratio value of all segments of tracer gas volume fractions to volume fractions after integration is multiplied by the total air leak value of the goaf to obtain all air leak values of the working face.

A stream of primarily water is treated to remove oxygen before injecting the water into an underground hydrocarbon reservoir. The pressure of water moving through a conduit (12) is reduced to a low level to maximize the dissolution of oxygen and other gases that are dissolved in the water. The resulting two phase mixture is separated by centrifugal action caused by rotating the water inside the conduit. The rotation is induced by flowing the water past fixed spin blades (20). The oxygen and any other gases are removed from the center of the conduit through a gas pipe (30) and eventually pass out of the system to the atmosphere via a vacuum pump (50). As an enhancement, nitrogen may be introduced upstream of the centrifuge. The nitrogen injection saturates the water-gas solution to improve the dissolution of oxygen from the low pressure water, and also improves the efficiency of the gas-liquid separation by adjusting the gas volume fraction downstream of the fixed spin blades (20) to an optimal proportion of the total flow.

A fluid processing system is provided containing a pump and a fluid reservoir. The pump includes a casing, one or more pump stages, a pump inlet, and a pump outlet. The casing includes one or more slots, with at least one slot configured to extract at least a portion of a multiphase fluid flowing within the pump. The fluid reservoir encompasses at least a portion of the casing and is configured to receive and separate the portion of the multiphase fluid into an extracted liquid phase and an extracted gaseous phase. The fluid reservoir includes a re-circulation conduit disposed proximate to the pump inlet and a discharge device coupled to the re-circulation conduit. The discharge device regulates re-circulation of at least a portion of the extracted liquid phase to the pump via the pump inlet for reducing a gas volume fraction of the multiphase fluid being fed to the pump.

The invention belongs to a chemical-looping combustion system of a parallel fluidized bed in the technical field of clean combustion and efficient use of fuel. A cylinder of the parallel fluidized bed is divided into two cavities by a partition plate, one cavity is of a fuel reactor, and the other cavity is of an air reactor; and a hole a and a hole b are arranged on the partition plate, and materials pass through the hole a and the hole b on the partition plate to carry out the exchange of matter and energy. The system breaks the design idea of the interconnected fluidized bed of the more traditional chemical-looping combustion device, and adopts the concept of the parallel fluidized bed; the partition plate is used for partitioning the air reactor from the fuel reactor, and oxygen carriers are transferred between the two reactors only by the partition plate; the transfer distance and the transfer resistance are reduced, so that the transfer amount of the oxygen carriers can be ensured; and the volume fraction of gas flowing into the air reactor from the fuel reactor is within 5 to 10%, and the conversion rate of the fuel is 95%. The chemical-looping combustion reactor of the parallel fluidized bed is easy to enlarge the scale.

A subsea fluid processing system is provided containing a liquid reservoir, an inlet tank, a pump, an outlet system, and a fluid re-circulation loop. The liquid reservoir circulates a primer liquid stream to the inlet tank via the fluid re-circulation loop. The inlet tank further receives a first production fluid stream and mixes it with the primer liquid stream to produce thereby a second production fluid stream having a reduced gas volume fraction (GVF) relative to the first production fluid stream. The pump receives the second production fluid stream from the inlet tank and increases its pressure. Further, the outlet system containing the liquid reservoir receives the second production fluid stream from the pump and separates at least a portion of the primer liquid stream from a principal production stream. The primer liquid includes at least one exogenous liquid not derived from the first production fluid stream.