The invention provides a novel aerogel multifunctional material and a preparation method thereof. The multifunctional aerogel composite is prepared from gellan gum, hyaluronic acid as well as derivatives or mixture of the gellan gum and the hyaluronic acid, aerogel, a novel light-sensitive material, a novel solvent or novel ionic liquid or a novel mixed solvent formred by the above solvents or essential oil and the like by a high-energy photocuring method. The composite material has the characteristics of low density, low heat-conducting coefficient, high weather resistance, environmental friendliness and the like. A functional carrier or a functional material coated with the composite material has high heat-isolating, heat-insulating, cold-accumulating, moisturizing, moisture-proof, moisture-retaining and anti-haze characteristics, and the characteristics and the use range of the materials can be improved. The multifunctional material is extremely widely applied, and can be widely applied in the fields of haze prevention and control, disease diagnosis and treatment, medicine, military industry, chemical industry, spaceflight, navigation, aviation, high-speed train, paper making, printing, water treatment, agriculture and animal husbandry, a cold chain system, food and cosmetic safety.