627 results about "Shaped charge" patented technology

A chemical reaction between molten aluminum and an oxygen carrier such as water to do useful work is disclosed, and in particular two chemical methods to obtain aluminum in its molten state. One is to detonate a HE/Al mixture with surplus Al in stoichiometry, and the other is to use an oxidizer/Al mixture with surplus Al in stoichiometry. Additionally, there is a physical method of shocking and heating Al using high temperature reaction products. The produced Al in its liquid form is forced to react with an oxygen carrying liquid (e.g. water), giving off heat and releasing hydrogen gas or other gaseous material. A water solution of some oxygen-rich chemicals (e.g. ammonium nitrate) can be advantageously used in place of water. A shaped charge is also disclosed having a liner that contains aluminum, propelled by a high explosive such as RDX or its mixture with aluminum powder. Some aluminum in its molten state is projected into the perforation and forced to react with water that also enters the perforation, creating another explosion, fracturing the crushed zone of the perforation and initializing cracks. Another shaped charge is shown having a liner of energetic material such as a mixture of aluminum powder and a metal oxide. Upon detonation, the collapsed liner carries kinetic and thermal energy. Also shown are methods to build and to detonate or fire explosive devices in an oxygen carrying liquid (e.g. water) to perforate and stimulate a hydrocarbon-bearing formation.

A shaped charge includes a charge case; a liner; an explosive retained between the charge case and the liner; and a primer core disposed in a hole in the charge case and in contact with the explosive, wherein at least one of the case, the liner, the primer core, and the explosive comprising a material soluble in a selected fluid. A perforation system includes a perforation gun, comprising a gun housing that includes a safety valve or a firing valve, wherein the safety valve or the firing valve comprises a material soluble in a selected fluid.

The invention provides shock initiation devices comprising multilayer structures with constituent layers that undergo an exothermic self-propagating reaction once initiated by shock. The multilayer structures may be used as components in shaped charges, EFP devices, warheads, munition casings, interceptors, missiles, bombs, and other systems. The reactive layer materials may be selected based on required structural properties, density and reaction temperature.

A shaped charge comprises a shell, an explosive charge disposed inside the shell, and a first liner for retaining the explosive charge within the shell. The shaped charge further comprises an acid material disposed inside the shell on the first liner and retained by a second liner into the shell.

A shaped charge liner formed by injection molding, where the liner components include powdered metal and organic binder. The liner components are blended then processed within an injection molding device and urged from the molding device into a mold where a liner shape is formed. The liner shape is debinded, both mechanically and chemically. Mechanical debinding involves heating and chemical debinding comprises treating the liner shape with a solution to dissolve and remove the binder components. The process of forming the shaped charge liner does not include sintering. The present process can also use “green products” formed by the injection molding device that are not debinded. A shaped charge case can also be formed using the present method. The added step of sintering can be applied to the process of forming the shaped charge case.

A perforating system having a perforating gun with a high pressure gun body. The gun body can be thickened so that no empty space is present between it and a corresponding gun tube. Alternatively, the gun body could be a solid cylinder with slots radially formed therein to receive a shaped charge. In another embodiment, a flowable material, such as foam, fluid, sand, ceramic beads, eutectic metal, and combinations thereof, is provided in the space between the gun body and gun tube.

A positioning device includes a shaped charge holder. A plurality of shaped charge receptacles formed in the shaped charge holder are configured to arrange a plurality of shaped charges in a desired orientation. The shaped charges are detonated by a detonator in response to an initiation signal. The positioning device may be secured in a perforating gun module, with vertical and horizontal movement of the positioning being inhibited in the perforating gun module.

An oil and gas well shaped charge perforator capable of providing an exothermic reaction after detonation is provided, comprising a housing, a high explosive, and a reactive liner where the high explosive is positioned between the reactive liner and the housing. The reactive liner is produced from a composition which is capable of sustaining an exothermic reaction during the formation of the cutting jet. The composition may be selected from any known formulation which is suitable for use in an oil and gas well perforator, typically the composition will comprise at least one metal and at least one non-metal, wherein the non-metal is selected from a metal oxide, or any non-metal from Group III or Group IV or at least two metals such as to form an intermetallic reaction. Typically at least one of the metals in the invention may be selected from Al, Ce, Li, Mg, Mo, Ni, Nb, Pb, Pd, Ta, Ti, Zn or Zr. The liner composition may preferably be a pressed particulate composition, such that the material is consolidated under pressure to form the desired shape of the liner. To aid consolidation a binder may also be added.

A shaped charge and a method of using such to provide for large and effective perforations in oil bearing sandy formations while causing minimal disturbance to the formation porosity is described. This shaped charge uses a low-density liner having a filler material that is enclosed by outer walls made, preferably, of plastic or polyester. The filler material is preferably a powdered metal or a granulated substance, which is left largely unconsolidated. The preferred filler material is aluminum powder, or aluminum particles, that are coated with an oxidizing substance, such as TEFLON®, permitting a secondary detonation reaction inside the formation following jet penetration. The filled liner is also provided with a metal cap to aid penetration of the gun scallops, the surrounding borehole casing and the cement sheath. The metal cap forms the leading portion of the jet, during detonation. The remaining portion of the jet is formed from the low-density filler material, thereby resulting in a more particulated jet. The jet results in less compression around the perforation tunnel and less skin damage to the proximal end of the perforation tunnel.

Shaped charge assembly for use as part of a perforating gun, particularly, channel finder gun. The shaped charge assembly includes a charge is configured to produce a jet which is substantially non-circular in cross section (in relation to the axial direction of travel of the jet) in which the assembly includes a base that is relatively rigid with respect to the liner of the assembly.

A method for perforating a subterranean formation includes positioning a shaped charge and a reactant composite material in a carrier; positioning the carrier in the wellbore; detonating the shaped charge; and disintegrating the reactant composite material using a shock generated by the detonated shaped charge. The method may also include initiating a first deflagration by using carbon and heat resulting from the detonation of the shaped charge and an oxygen component of the disintegrated reactant composite material. A system for performing the method may include a carrier, a shaped charge positioned in the carrier; and a reactant composite material positioned in the carrier. The reactant composite material may be configured to disintegrate upon detonation of the shaped charge.

An armor system for defeating rocket propelled grenade-type missiles and/or high velocity jets created by shaped charges directed at a vehicle includes a grid layer such as a net and/or an array of slats or bars (“RPG”) spaced from an outer surface of the vehicle by support members. The grid layer has a characteristic mesh size or bar/slat spacing to disrupt the missile firing mechanism. The system also has a shaped layer having a plurality of tapered members formed from a fiber-reinforced material, the tapered members positioned between the grid layer and the vehicle outer surface and having respective apex ends proximate the distant the grid layer and base ends, the tapered members defining with adjacent tapered members a plurality of depressions opening in a direction to receive an incoming conical portion of an unexploded RPG-type missile, or a jet emanating from an exploded RPG or other anti-armor device, and a layer of fiber-reinforced material abutting the base ends of the tapered members. The system may further include reactive elements disposed on surfaces of the tapered members defining the depressions to deflect impinging jets. The system may still further include one or more metal armor layers and one or more additional fiber-reinforced material layers disposed between the shaped fiber-reinforced material layer and the vehicle surface.

An apparatus string for use in a wellbore is disclosed comprising a plurality of activation modules having first and second ends and containing devices to be activated/initiated downhole. An apparatus string according to the present invention also comprises a plurality of initiator modules where at least initiator is operatively connected to each activation module and is addressable. Each initiator module may comprise a safety initiator which when the initiator module is addressed initiates the firing of the shaped charges in the gun module to which it is operatively connected. A wireless transmitter is provided which is operatively connected in and integral to the apparatus string for use in transmitting signals to address any initiator module in the apparatus string. An apparatus string according to the present invention may be especially useful in perforating operations.

A liner for a shaped charge comprising powdered heavy metal tungsten coated with a metal binder coating compressively formed into a liner body. Each of the powdered heavy metal particles are substantially uniformly coated with metal binder coating. The preferred powdered heavy metal particles are comprised of tungsten. Optionally, the liner for a shaped charge includes a lubricant intermixed with the coated heavy metal particles. The metal binder coating is selected from the group consisting of copper, lead, nickel, tantalum, other malleable metals, and alloys thereof, and comprises from 40 percent to 3 percent by weight of the liner. The powdered heavy metal particles comprise from 60 percent to 97 percent by weight of the liner.

A perforation gun which provides a means to create perforations required for the hydraulic fracturing of rock formations for the production of natural gas, oil, and other oil well fluids and further comprises a gun body assembly having an inserted carrier tube to nest shaped charge canisters with built in primers, conical liner, and explosive material. The charges are positioned in various angular patterns along various phase angles to create specifically directed perforation tunnels which puncture scalloped areas of the aforementioned gun body and subsequently penetrate through the wellbore, well casing, well cement, and into the rock formations for the release and removal of natural gas, oil, and other oil well fluids after hydraulic fracturing.

It is a special-purpose device used for two-directional energy-focusing and smooth blasting, post standard knot of multisection energy-gathering pipe which is in the double ''V'' shaped energy-accumulating groove which is set on the pipewall full of detonator, each post standard knot is linked with connection casing on which there is energy-accumulating groove, centering ring in the hole is noosed on the standard joint of the binding energy tube so that the center lines of the upper and the lower energy-gathering groove like V shape are in the same surface in the blasthole. Orifice centering rings of the two V- shaped central whose orientation is the same with V- shaped energy-gathering groove are set on the noose annulus wall at the ground end of energy -gathering pipe at orifice of blasthole, which makes the center line of each energy-gathering groove like a V shape forms a surface of centering and coinciding with blasting surface in each blasthole and among. After detonating explosive, make shaped charge jet spark along initial small crack that forms while the crack begins to form, then forms presplitting or smooth blasting surface, and finish energy-gathering presplitting and smooth blasting. The invention can enhance utilization ratio of demolishing energy and debase quantity of drilled holes, the influence of destroying rock mass kept down is little and the blasting surface is more level.