894 results about "Gel permeation chromatography" patented technology

A cement dispersant having excellent ability to prevent slump loss and high water-reducing property which comprises a polycarboxylic acid type polymer having a specific molecular weight distribution, a method for the production thereof, and a cement composition using the dispersant are provided. The cement dispersant comprises as a main component thereof a polycarboxylic acid type polymer (A), having a weight average molecular weight in the range of 10,000 to 500,000 in terms of polyethylene glycol determined by gel permeation chromatography, and having a value determined by subtracting the peak top molecular weight from the weight average molecular weight in the range of 0 to 8,000.

A crystallizable, purified chondroitinase ABC having a molecular weight of about 100,000 dalton by the measurement of the SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and the measurement by the gel permeation chromatography method, having alanine as the N-terminal amino acid and proline as the C-terminal amino acid. A process for the purification of the crystallizable purified chondroitinase ABC comprising removing nucleic acid from an surfactant solution extract obtained from cells of chondroitinase ABC-producing microorganisms and chromatographically treating by concentration gradient elution using a weak cation exchange resin or a strong cation exchange resin. A composition comprising a chondroitinase and serum albumin, gelatin, or a nonionic surfactant.

An aqueous ink composition comprising: a pigment, having a particle diameter as determined by the light scattering method of no less than 20 nm and no more than 200 nm; and a water dispersible polymer, having a styrene-equivalent number average molecular weight of as determined by gel permeation chromatography no less than 5000 and no more than 200000, having a surface tension of no less than 20 mN/m and no more than 40 mN/m, and wherein the abovementioned pigment is a polymer-coated pigment that is coated with the abovementioned water dispersible polymer, is provided. The water-dispersible polymer may be a copolymer of monomers, mainly comprising acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid and an acrylate and/or methacrylate. With this ink composition, the printing quality can be improved.

Provided are an electrophotographic toner, comprising a binder resin containing a coloring agent, a crystalline resin and an amorphous resin, wherein the crystalline resin has two or more peaks in weight-average molecular weight as determined by gel permeation chromatography, one of the peaks has a weight-average molecular weight in the range of 15,000 to 40,000, and another peak has a weight-average molecular weight in the range of 2,000 to 10,000 and a production method thereof, and an electrophotographic developer and an image-forming process using the electrophotographic toner.

A polypropylene resin composition, which is light weighing, has very high values for the stiffness and heat resistance and is superior in the scratch-proof property with better moldability upon molding and which can be injection-molded into formed articles without occurrence of cracking, comprising 5-25% by weight of a higher molecular weight polypropylene (A) having an intrinsic viscosity [eta], determined in decalin at 135° C., in the range from 6 to 11 dl/g and 95-75% by weight of a lower molecular weight polypropylene (B) having an intrinsic viscosity [eta], determined in decalin at 135° C., in the range from 0.6 to 1.6 dl/g, wherein the said resin composition has the following charactristic features <<1>> and <<2>>, namely,<<1>> an isotactic pentad fraction (mmmm-fraction), determined by 13C-NMR, of at least 96.5% and<<2>> a molecular weight distribution value expressed by Mw/Mn (weight-average molecular weight/number-average molecular weight), determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), of at least 8.

A polyacrylonitrile-based polymer, containing a polymer of which main component is acrylonitrile, which satisfies at least one kind requirement selected from the following [a] to [d].

[a] Z-average molecular weight (Mz) determined by gel-permeation chromatograph is 800,000 to 6,000,000 and degree of polydispersity (Mz/Mw) (Mw denotes weight average molecular weight) is 3.0 to 10.0.

[b] Z+1-average molecular weight (Mz+1) determined by GPC method is 3,000,000 to 10,000,000 and degree of polydispersity (Mz+1/Mw) is 6.0 to 25.0.

[c] Mzm determined by gel-permeation chromatograph multi-angle laserlight scattering photometry is 400,000 to 1,000,000 and degree of polydispersity (Mzm/Mwm) is 3.0 to 10.0.

[d] Z-average radius of gyration (Rz) determined by gel-permeation chromatograph multi-angle laserlight scattering photometry is 25 to 45 nm and its ratio to weight average radius of gyration (Rz/Rw) is 1.3 to 2.5.

A rubber composition for tires which comprises 100 parts by mass of (A) copolymer (a) which is a styrene-butadiene copolymer having a weight-average molecular weight of 4.0×10⁵ to 3.0×10⁶; as obtained in accordance with gel permeation chromatography and expressed as the value of corresponding polystyrene, a content of the bound styrene St(a) of 10 to 50% by mass and a content of the vinyl unit in the butadiene portion of 20 to 70%; 10 to 200 parts by mass of (B) copolymer (b) which is a hydrogenated styrene-butadiene copolymer having a weight-average molecular weight of 5.0×10³ to 2.0×10⁵, as obtained in accordance with gel permeation chromatography and expressed as the value of corresponding polystyrene, a content of the bound styrene St(b) which is in the range of 25 to 70% by mass and satisfies a relation expressed by equation (I) and a fraction of hydrogenated double bond in the butadiene portion of 60% or greater and (C) at least one substance selected from resins providing tackiness to the rubber composition and liquid polymers having a weight-average molecular weight of 1,000 to 50,000.

St(b)≧St(a)+10   (I)

The above-described and other deficiencies of the art are met by a method of making a polycarbonate polymer comprising isosorbide carbonate units, comprising melt reacting a dihydroxy compound comprising an isosorbide of the general formula (2a):

and an activated carbonate, in the presence of a catalyst consisting essentially of a sodium salt capable of providing a hydroxide ion, wherein the polycarbonate polymer comprises greater than or equal to 50 mol % isosorbide carbonate units, and wherein the polycarbonate polymer has a Mw of greater than or equal to about 40,000 g/mol as determined by gel-permeation chromatography relative to polystyrene standards. Polycarbonates comprising the isosorbide carbonate unit, including isosorbide homopolycarbonate and an isosorbide-based polyester-polycarbonate, are also disclosed, as are a thermoplastic composition and an article including the isosorbide-based polycarbonate polymer.

It is an object of the present invention, with respect to a phenol aralkyl type epoxy resin, to suppress any crystal precipitation, improve the quality manageability and operation efficiency at composition production and enhance the properties, including heat resistance, thereof. It is also intended to provide a resin composition that even when stored in the form of a varnish for a prolonged period of time, is resistant to crystal precipitation, excelling in storage stability and operation efficiency, and that gives a hardening product of low dielectric constant and low dielectric tangent excelling in heat resistance, water resistance and flame retardance.

There is provided an epoxy resin characterized by comprising a phenol aralkyl type epoxy resin in which a content (an area % measured by gel permeation chromatography) of a bifunctional compound is 20% or less, and provided a resin composition obtained therefrom.

It is an object to provide toner excellent in charge stability, fixing property at low temperature, durability, microdot reproducibility and cleaning ability. An excellent image forming apparatus using the toner is provided. Said toner has at least a plurality of resins, a colorant and a layered inorganic material in which at least a part of ions in the layered inorganic material has been exchanged with organic ions in the toner prepared by dispersing and/or emulsifying an oil phase comprising at least a toner composition and/or a toner composition precursor in a water-based medium to granulate, and wherein a first resin in said a plurality of resins has a weight average molecular weight of 3,000 to 10,000 in a molecular weight distribution obtained by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).

A resin composition for forming a top coat which can be formed on a photoresist film without causing intermixing with the photoresist film, can maintain a stable film coating which is not eluted into a medium during immersion lithography, does not impair pattern profiles during dry exposure (which is not immersion lithography), and can be easily dissolved in an alkaline developer. The resin is a copolymer which comprises at least one recurring unit (I) selected from the group consisting of a recurring unit having a group shown by the following formula (1), a recurring unit having a group shown by the following formula (2), and a recurring unit having a carboxyl group, and a recurring unit (II) having a sulfo group, the copolymer having a weight average molecular weight determined by gel permeation chromatography of 2,000 to 100,000,

wherein at least one of R¹ and R² is a fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R³ in the formula (2) represents a fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

A method of preparing a toner, including periodically discharging a toner constituent liquid from plural nozzles having the same aperture diameter with a mechanical oscillator, wherein the toner constituent liquid includes:

• • a binder resin,
  • a colorant, and
  • an organic solvent,

wherein the binder resin and the colorant are dissolved or dispersed in the organic solvent; forming a droplet of the toner constituent liquid in a gas phase; and solidifying the droplet, wherein the aperture diameter is from 3 to 30 μm, and the binder resin has a ratio (Mw/Mn) of a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) to a number-average molecular weight (Mn) of THF (tetrahydrofuran)-soluble components therein of from 1.5 to 15 in a molecular weight distribution measured by GPC (gel permeation chromatography), and a ½ flow temperature (Tm) of from 114 to 149° C.

There is disclosed an organic electro luminescence display device comprising a two-dimensional array of pixels comprising organic electro luminescence elements capable of emitting a of color or different plural colors, each of the organic electro luminescence elements being provided with an anode, a cathode, a polymeric luminescence layer located between the anode and the cathode, and a hole injection layer. The hole injection layer is constituted by solid matters containing a donor molecule comprising polythiophene and/or a derivative thereof, and an acceptor molecule comprising polystyrenesulfonic acid and/or a derivative thereof, a concentration of sulfate ion in the hole injection layer is 125 ppm or less, and components having a molecular weight of 110,000 or less is 35% or less based on an entire solid matters, the molecular weight being converted as sodium polystyrenesulfonate in an aqueous gel permeation chromatography measured by using UV of 254 nm in wavelength.

Disclosed herein is a polymer composition comprising a poly (arylene ether) resin; a polyamide resin having a weight average molecular weight greater than or equal to about 75,000 as determined by gel permeation chromatography using polystyrene standards; an impact modifier; and a flame retardant.

This invention relates to a rubber composition having excellent workability, fracture characteristics and wear resistance and a low heat buildup and a high storage modulus (G'), and more particularly to a rubber composition comprising not less than 20 parts by mass of a reinforcing filler (B) and 5 to 60 parts by mass of a low-molecular weight aromatic vinyl compound-conjugated diene compound copolymer (C) having an aromatic vinyl compound content of 5 to 80% by mass, a vinyl bond content in a conjugated diene compound portion of 10 to 80% by mass and a weight average molecular weight as measured with a gel permeation chromatography and converted to polystyrene of 5,000 to 300,000 based on 100 parts by mass of a rubber component (A) containing not less than 10% by mass of a modified conjugated diene-based polymer having at least one functional group.

There is provided a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition for optical films. The composition can form a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer that can prevent light leakage caused by stress associated with dimensional change of a component such as an optical film, which include the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer that has reworkability such that it can be easily peeled from a component, and that has satisfactory processability such that it can be processed without pressure-sensitive adhesive stain or dropout, after it is formed on an optical film. A pressure-sensitive adhesive optical film produced using the composition is also provided. The pressure-sensitive adhesive composition includes a (meth)acrylic polymer including (a) 34 to 94% by weight of an alkyl(meth)acrylate monomer unit, (b) 5 to 35% by weight of an aromatic ring-containing (meth)acrylate monomer unit, and (c) 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of an amino group-containing (meth)acrylate monomer unit and further including (d) 0.05 to 3% by weight of a carboxyl group-containing (meth)acrylate monomer unit and/or (e) 0.05 to 2% by weight of a hydroxyl group-containing (meth)acrylate monomer unit and having a weight average molecular weight of 1,600,000 to 3,000,000 as determined by gel permeation chromatography; crosslinking agents including 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of an isocyanate crosslinking agent and 0.01 to 2 parts by weight of a silane coupling agent based on 100 parts by weight of the (meth)acrylic polymer.

A conjugated diene polymer is provided that contains a conjugated diene-based monomer unit and a group represented by Formula (I) below, at least peaks H, M, and L below being present in a molecular weight distribution curve obtained by gel permeation chromatography measurement, and when the total area of the molecular weight distribution curve is 100%, the total peak area of peak H is 3% to 30%, the total peak area of peak M is 5% to 45%, and the total peak area of peak L is 40% to 80%

(in Formula (I), R¹ and R² independently denote a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbonoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a hydroxy group, or a polymer chain containing a conjugated diene-based monomer unit, m denotes an integer of 0 to 10, and A¹ denotes a polar functional group that does not have an active hydrogen)

Peak H: a peak for which the molecular weight at the peak top is higher than the molecular weight at the peak top of peak M

Peak M: a peak for which, when the molecular weight at the peak top of peak H is MH, the molecular weight at the peak top is 0.6×MH to 0.8×MH

Peak L: a peak for which, when the molecular weight at the peak top of peak H is MH, the molecular weight at the peak top is 0.2×MH to 0.4×MH.

Provided is a polycarbonate-polyorganosiloxane copolymer, including a specific polycarbonate block unit (A) and a specific polyorganosiloxane block unit (B), in which in a differential molecular weight distribution curve obtained from measurement of the polyorganosiloxane block unit (B) by gel permeation chromatography using the polystyrene calibration curve, the curve having an axis of abscissa indicating a logarithmic value log(M) of a molecular weight M and an axis of ordinate indicating dw/d log(M) obtained by differentiating a concentration fraction w with respect to the logarithmic value log(M) of the molecular weight, (1) a dw/d log(M) value becomes maximum in a range of 3.4≦log(M)≦4.0, and (2) in the differential molecular weight distribution curve, a ratio of a value obtained by integrating the dw/d log(M) value over a range of 4.0≦Log(M)≦4.5 to a value obtained by integrating the dw/d log(M) value over the entire range of the log(M) is 6% or more and 40% or less.

A polyalkylene glycol derivative containing a compound of the formula (1):

wherein R is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, OA² is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, the groups represented by R are the same or different from each other in one molecule, the groups represented by OA² are the same or different from each other in one molecule, m is an average number of moles of the oxyalkylene group added, m represents 10 to 1000, and X represents a functional group capable of chemically reactive with a bio-related substance,

polydispersity Mw/Mu of the above polyalkylene glycol derivative in gel permeation chromatography satisfying the following relationship:

Mw/Mn≦1.07

wherein Mw represents a weight average molecular weight and Mn represents a number average molecular weight.