149 results about "Plant cover" patented technology

The invention relates to an expansive soil cut slope support structure and a construction method thereof, in particular to the field of highway and railway cut slope protection of expansive soil regions. The expansive soil cut slope support structure comprises a rigid supporting system, a flexible protection system and a waterproof and draining system. The rigid supporting system comprises a lame retaining wall arranged on an expansive soil cut slope and a retaining wall foundation; the flexible protection system comprises a lattice beam arranged on the expansive soil cut slope, an anchor rod, a flexible net-shaped geogrid laid on the slope surface and a plant cover planted on the slope surface; and the waterproof and draining system comprises an intercepting ditch or drainage ditch arranged at the top of the slope, a permeable layer positioned behind the retaining wall, a drainage ditch and a drainage seepage ditch positioned below the drainage ditch. The slope surface is supported through a flexible supporting system, and in comparison with a rigid supporting method of fully laying a mortar rubble structure on the slope surface, the construction cost is reduced by over 20%, and the construction period is greatly reduced; and expansive force generated when expansive soil is met with rainwater and expands can be effectively released.

The invention discloses a method for conducting afforestation on saline-alkali soil. The method includes the steps of firstly, digging deep planting pits in the saline-alkali soil; secondly, paving two layers of isolating curtains at the bottom of each planting pit and the inner wall of each planting pit respectively; thirdly, arranging filtering layers between each isolation layer and the bottom of each planting pit and between each isolating layer and the inner wall of each planting pit; fourthly, preparing mixed matrix, filling the matrix into the pits and tamping down the matrix; fifthly, planting seedlings; sixthly, conducting maintenance management. According to the method for conducting afforestation on the saline-alkali soil, the difficult problems of lowering the salt content, improving the soil and conducting afforestation on the saline-alkali soil are solved. Through the measures of discharging salt and blocking salt, the salt content in the distribution range of the plant root systems is lowered, the plant root systems are promoted to absorb nutrient and water and discharge salt in a unidirectional mode, and a soil environment which is beneficial to plant growth is created. According to the method for conducting afforestation on the saline-alkali soil, the survival rate and the preserving rate of the seedlings are improved, and the method is low in cost compared with a traditional method for improving the saline-alkali soil by merely paving the salt isolating layers, replacing soil and conducting afforestation, is suitable for the saline-alkali soil afforestation and the plant cover recovery project, and can also be used in the manual construction and the machine and human coordinated construction.

The invention discloses a situ determination method and device of carbon dioxide flux in soil. This invention is based on the principle of convection and diffusion between the soil and air, using scale-marked drill pipe vertically drill from the soil surface downward, obtain carbon dioxide samples from different soil depth through sampling rod, directly to the apparatus, according to the physical property that infrared has special absorption to carbon dioxide gas, regularly measure the concentration of carbon dioxide that soil of different depth released or absorbed. Substitute the concentration value of carbon dioxide at different soil depth into formula, and then flux of carbon dioxide of unit area in unit time at certain depth under standard atmospheric pressure can be obtained. The invention can be used for observations of carbon dioxide flux, detection of carbon dioxide storage under different depths in natural state, calculation of variation of carbon dioxide emission induced by land-use changes and evaluation of restore rate of plant cover and land capability.

The invention relates to a comprehensive restoration method for a salt-alkali degraded marsh wetland in a plain area, in particular to a restoration method for the salt-alkali degraded marsh wetland, and solves the problem that a satisfactory effect cannot be achieved as a land leveling technology, a hydrologic control technology or a wetland plant cover restoration technology is singly used in the conventional restoration process for the salt-alkali degraded marsh wetland in the plain area. The comprehensive restoration method comprises the steps as follows: 1, leveling land; 2, hydrologically controlling the salt-alkali degraded marsh wetland to be restored in the plain area; and 3, carrying out plant cover technology treatment on the salt-alkali degraded marsh wetland in the plain area. The comprehensive restoration method can be applied to the field of a restoration project for the salt-alkali degraded marsh wetland in the plain area.

A plant cover is disclosed that is removably placed over a garden or garden area to prevent access to the garden or garden area by animal or insect pests. The plant cover includes a wire or mesh screen main body having holes of a sufficient size to prevent the undesired animal pest from being able to pass through the holes in the screen. The main body is open on the bottom and sits over the garden or area of the garden to be protected. The plant cover also has a pair of opposed end pieces that are attached to and provide structural support for the main body. The plant cover may also include a handle to allow the plant cover to be easily lifted off of the garden. Ideally, the plant cover, including all its parts and pieces, may fold into a compact unit for storage or transportation and then be unrolled and joined together to make the final plant cover that is useful to protect the garden or garden area.

The invention discloses a farmland ecologic interception ditch adopting a slope protection technology and a construction method of the ditch. The cross section of the channel takes the shape of an inverted trapezoid, a ditch bottom is a prefabricated perforated plate, S-shaped holes are arranged in a staggered manner, and local perennial aquatic plants are planted in the holes; after being compacted, the soil bodies of ditch walls are paved with three-dimensional plant nets and covered with prefabricated perforated plates, a plurality of holes are in parallel and uniformly distributed at the middle upper parts of the perforated plates, wire grass is planted in the holes, and rye grass is replanted in the holes; a water inlet end is provided with a grating, and a water outflow end is provided with a controllable emptying gate. Through the reasonable arrangement of the plant planting holes and the anchoring action of root systems and the plant cover nets, the structural stability of the ditch is achieved. The ecologic interception ditch provided by the invention has the advantages that the structure is stable, the structural stability can approximately reach the structural strength of a concrete ditch built in facility grainfield, water erosion of farmland drainage can be resisted effectively, and meanwhile suspended matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in drain water of farmland, particularly dry land, are effectively intercepted; no cultivated land is occupied, the construction cost is low, the operation is simple, and suitability for large-scale popularization and application is achieved.

The invention discloses a method for reconstructing submerged plant communities of lakeside wetland and controlling water quality purification. The method comprises the steps of monitoring and analyzing the water quality purification capacity and the community change rule of water plants in an ecological restoration area of a lakeside wetland, and determining some kinds of water plants with high-intensity purification and survival ability to serve as pioneer species; determining which kind of season dominant species to which the pioneer species belong respectively, and constructing submerged plant communities of the lakeside wetland through reasonable matching of different season dominant species; quickly cultivating the pioneer species on a large scale in the ecological restoration area of the lakeside wetland to realize purification control of water quality. Compared with the prior art, by adopting the method disclosed by the invention, the amount of the submerged plant communities of the lakeside wetland can be effectively controlled, and the stability of a plant cover in an eutrophic water body is maintained, so that the method is of great significance to ecological restoration of the eutrophic water body; moreover, the method disclosed by the invention is technically reliable, simple and feasible in operation and low in cost.

The invention discloses a plant covering information extracting method based on perfect polarization SAR images. The obtained perfect polarization SAR images are preprocessed, so that standard SAR images are obtained, then coherence matrix computing is carried out, the eigenvalue and eigenvector thereof are obtained, accordingly, Cloude-pottier decomposition is carried out, therefore, polarization entropy and scattering angles are obtained, and then through H / alpha classification and Wishart H / alpha classification in sequence, scattering features of plant covering and covering information are identified and extracted. Through an H / alpha classification algorithm and a Wishart H / alpha classification algorithm, the plant covering information can be identified and extracted accurately, and the recognition error rate is greatly reduced.

The sand-dune stabilization method includes the following steps: 1. making sand screen; making plant fibre into the fibre rope whose thickness is 1-5 cm, knot-tying and weaving to make the fibre ropeinto net sand screen, graticule specification is (10-60)cmX(20-60)cm, 2. fixing sand screen; covering moving dune with said invented said screen and tying the edge of sand screen to the fixed wood wedges uniformly distributed around dune; and 3. planting natural plants: after the dune is fixed, can not be moved, the natural plants of sand rice and sand bamboo, etc. can be naturally grown, when the plant covering rate is 40%-50% and the natural plants are uniformly distributed, the sand screen can be taken out and can be reused.

The invention discloses a plant-machine compound type sand barrier design method, namely a method for promoting quick ecological restoration of a moving dune. The method mainly consists of technologies of laying a line transect, laying a grass grid sand barrier, planting a plant living sand barrier, directly seeding the plant living sand barrier and the like. The design principle is that the grass grid sand barrier is laid first to fix drift sand, meanwhile the plant living sand barrier is planted and directly seeded, the plant sand barrier can continue to play a windproof and sand-stabilizing function after a mechanical sand barrier loses efficacy, and the comprehensive sand stabilization effect is good. The method solves the difficult problems in the past that the governing difficulty of the tall moving dune in a high and cold area is large, the plant cover is hard to recover, and the drift sand is hard to stabilize, explores a new ecological restoration mode for preventing serious sandy desertification, and is a quick ecological restoration method for the moving dune in the high and cold area.

The invention discloses an environment-friendly plant concrete, consisting of water, cement, waste concrete aggregate, concrete antalkali and poly carboxylic acid water reducing agent. The detailed matching proportion is as follows: the ratio of water / cement / waste concrete aggregate is 0.28 to 0.32:1:5; the quantity of adopted concrete antalkali is 10 to 20 percent of the cement quantity; the quantity of the poly carboxylic acid water reducing agent is 1 to 2 percent of the cement quantity. Compared with the existing similar product of the prior technology, the invention not only can solve the contamination to ecological environment by stacked waste concrete but also can avoid the damage to ecological environment by extreme exploitation to aggregate and realize the purpose of planting plants on concrete, thus achieving the effects of recycling sources, regulating ecological balance and beautifying environment; the intensity of the concrete is high, the concrete can be pre-cast into various shapes as requirements, and the construction is convenient.

The invention discloses a matrix improving method through which the vegetation in a wet fly ash yard is recovered, which belongs to an improved method of industrial solid waste; the invention is to provide a method for improving wet fly ash, so that the wet fly ash can adapt to the growth of plants. Straw stack retting and wormcast are mixed by the weight ratio of 1:1 to 1 and then added into polymer resin with 5 percent of weight, to obtain a water retaining modified material; the water retaining modified material with 5 percent to 40 percent of weight and the wet fly ash with 60 percent to 95 percent of weight are evenly mixed, to obtain the improved matrix; the improved matrix is spread on the surface of the wet fly ash; grass seeds are sowed on the improved matrix through a conventional greening method, and field management is conducted. The method of the invention can quickly recover the vegetation and effectively improve the ecological environment of the fly ash yards of sensitive areas, treats waste with waste, changes waste into valuable, has the advantages of low cost, good investment profit, etc. can not only be used for the greening of fly ash yards, but also be used as greening soil for mine rehabilitation or garbage landfill.

An optoelectronic device for measuring the water content in a plant element and an apparatus designed to evaluate and monitor in real time the state of hydration of the plant covers. The device includes an optoelectronic probe connected to a measurement module, the probe including: i) a first light source emitting at a wavelength corresponding to a strong water absorption band; ii) optionally, a second light source emitting at a wavelength close to the first source and weakly absorbed by water; and iii) a photo receiver having a spectral response that corresponds to the emission bands of the first light source or of the first and second light sources, the device including elements for modulating the average optical power emitted by the light source or sources at a defined frequency, and elements for synchronously detecting the light received by the photoreceiver.

The invention provides a plant net structure, which comprises a main reinforced bar layer as an upper layer, a moisture ecological effective layer as a middle layer, a sub reinforced bar layer as a lower layer and a bar-shaped seed pile, wherein the bar-shaped seed pile is vertically embedded in the main reinforced bar layer, the moisture ecological effective layer and the sub reinforced bar layer or is horizontally embedded in the moisture ecological effective layer, wherein the main reinforced bar layer is one net in a polythene net, a polypropylene net and a glass fiber net, the sub reinforced bar layer is a hemp net or a cotton net, and the moisture ecological effective layer is made of composite materials of straw fiber and coconut fiber or hemp fiber. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, easy construction and convenient operation, is favorable for fast sprouting and seedling forming of seeds, and realizes the uniform distribution of the seeds, so the plant density is controlled, the soil coverage quantity of manual plant cover can be reduced, and the work load of the moisture management in the late stage of the seed sprouting is reduced. The invention is mainly used for garden greening, and plant cover recovery engineering after the construction of highways, railways, ore mines and the like.

The invention discloses a plant seedling nutritive cube applied to ecological slop protection and an application method thereof. The scheme of the invention is that: the materials such as planting soil, peat or agriculture-forest straws, a slow release fertilizer, an organic fertilizer, a water retention agent, a binding agent, microelement fertilizer and the like are mixed together to prepared the nutritive cube; then plant seeds are sown on the nutritive cube; after the emergence of seedlings, the seedlings are hardened through adversities to enhance the drought resistance of the seedlings; and when plants germinate and grow to a certain height and length, young seedling curative cubes are thrown to a sloping surface to be re-greened in a manual or mechanical mode to fulfill the aim of planting a sloping surface plant cover. The young seedling nutritive cube has the advantages of having simple manufacturing, light mass, moisture retention and no disintegration when meeting water, saving seeds, raw materials, energy sources and manpower, having a high plant planting survival rate, being capable of quickly forming a slope surface-exposed plant community integrated with arbors, shrubs, grasses and rattans, being capable of breaking through that plants are limited by seasons and regions, and being favorable for realizing recovery of indigenous plants and the like.

The invention discloses a karst region rapid plant recovering method belonging to plant cover cultivation methods; and is object to provide a method of using small amount of soil to rapid recover grass in karst region. Its technical scheme includes: mixing uniformly the grass seeds and the growth substrate at a weight ratio of 1:10 to confect a sowing material, uniformly covering the sowing material on the surface of the abandoned land, and then performing breeding management according to conventional method, wherein, the growth substrate is confected by the following material at weight percentage: 39% of clay, 25% of phosphogypsum powder, 25% of fly ash, 10% of activated sludge powder, 1% of paper pulp. The grass planted by the method has high survival rate and fast plant growth; can not only prevent soil erosion, but also significantly improve the ecological environment and natural landscape; has small engineering amount, convenient construction, low investment and quick returns, and the like advantages; and the method is a karst region reclamation treating and plant cover recovering ideal method.

The invention provides an ecological protection structure of crushed rock side slope dry spray construction frame lattice beams and a base material and a method. The ecological protection structure ofthe crushed rock side slope dry spray construction frame lattice beams and the base material comprises an iron gauze laid on the whole slope surface, a short anchor rod for fixing the iron gauze, theframe lattice beams formed on the iron gauze by sand slurry spraying and a base material spraying layer, the base material spraying layer is located in a frame lattice formed by the frame lattice beams and the height of the base material spraying layer is lower than the height of the frame lattice beams, and the base material spraying layer comprises a base layer not containing mixing plant greenseeds and a surface layer containing the mixing plant green seeds; and the frame lattice beams with arc-shaped section profiles are fixed to the slope surface through a long anchor rod or a long anchor cable with an anchor head. According to the ecological protection structure of the crushed rock side slope dry spray construction frame lattice beams and the base material, frame lattice beam and plant cover shotcrete construction is completed by using a set of dry spray equipment, setting up of a scaffold and a template is removed, the construction process is simple and the construction periodis short, the construction cost is low, the ecological protection structure of the crushed rock side slope dry spray construction frame lattice beams and the base material is applied to slope protection and ecological remediation of the rock slope surface with the crushed slope surface and without deep landslide, and a wide application prospect is achieved.

The invention relates to a method for improving saline-alkali land and restoring vegetation by covering land surface with shallow foreign soil, which aims to restore the vegetation ecosystem of saline-alkali land. The method comprises the following steps: the area of the saline-alkali land needing vegetation restoration is determined first; the amount of needed foreign soil is calculated according to the coverage height of the foreign soil; off-site foreign soil is dug and transported to the severe saline-alkali land needing improvement by use of machinery, and is placed in separate piles on standby; in early spring or autumn, the high-quality foreign soil is spread on the saline-alkali land according to the salinization degrees differentiated through the original vegetation characteristics, wherein the largest amount of the foreign soil is spread on saline-alkali bare land; a medium amount of the foreign soil is spread on seepweed communities and Chloris virgata ruins; the smallest amount of the foreign soil is spread on the communities of Guinea grass together with forbs thereof; and closed management is carried out on the basis of the previous steps, and good vegetation landscapes can be restored in the same year .

The invention discloses a safe overwintering technology for tea plants in severe cold regions. A layer of plastic film small shed is covered on the tea plants covered inside a plastic greenhouse in winter, films are removed for the plastic greenhouse in spring and the irrigation is carried at proper time, therefore, the technical problem of planting the tea plants in the severe cold regions is solved. The plastic greenhouse utilizes a column-less steel frame, the span of the greenhouse is 8 m, and the height of the greenhouse is 2.4 m; the greenhouse film adopts a polyethylene anti-drop film with the thickness of 0.08 to 0.12 mm, a polyethylene anti-aging film, and the like; and the lowest temperature in the greenhouse can be increased by 3 to 9 DEG C, and the relative humidity can be improved by 8 to 12 percent. The plastic small shed is built on the surface of a tea plant by using bamboo strips and plastic films, the height of the plastic small shed is 1 to 1.6 m, and the span of the plastic small shed is 0.6 to 1.2 m. The plastic small shed is dissembled in February, and the films of the plastic greenhouse are removed in middle April. The invention solves the problem that the tea plant cultivating area is available within the latitude of 36 degrees north, can prevent the harm from the cold spell and the late spring coldness, reduces the overwintering hibernation time of the teat plants as possible and promotes tea shoots to sprout in advance.

The invention relates to a method for growing plants on a slope, which comprises the following steps: (1) tidying the slope to be treated, removing weed and miscellaneous trees, and hydraulically jetting grass seeds on the whole slope; (2) constructing a plurality of plate slots on the steep slope, keeping the distance between the upper plate slot and the lower plate slot so that the upper plate slot casts shadow at the inmost side of the lower plate slot and the plant cover in each plate slot can be irradiated by sunshine, growing undershrubs and vines in the plate slots, and growing the vines on the side near the slope; (3) growing high arbors and shrubs at the staircase at the foot of slope, and artificially maintaining until seasonal aspect landscape variations of flowers, fruits and leaves appear; and (4) growing undershrubs and vines on the slope with a thick soil layer, and growing the vines on the side near the slope. The invention can grow different plants according to requirements of different slope shapes, changes the single plant cover slope in the past, and develops from artificial community to natural community. Thus, the invention has the advantages of short maintenance time and obvious slope protection effect, reduces the cost and beautifies the environment.

The invention discloses a greening biological brick, and belongs to the field of environmental protection and greening. A brick body of the greening biological brick consists of a base material, an auxiliary component and a seed layer, wherein the seed layer is arranged at a certain depth on the inner side of at least one outer surface of the brick body. The invention has the following advantages: the greening biological brick produced according to the invention has purposes of different plant types, different shapes, different sizes, and different degradation time limits. The greening biological brick can be placed like laying a floor tile and building a wall brick to realize rapid planar and three-dimensional greening of regions including courtyards, public park scenic spots, playgrounds, streets, highway protection slopes and the like. When greening is needed, the greening biological brick is laid or built into a certain pattern or shape according to plant type and modeling requirements, and the greening can be completed after water spraying. The greening biological brick can realize greening effects of different plant cover pictures and different shapes.

The invention provides a plant covering material and a preparation method thereof, and solves the technical problems that an existing covering film does not have the characteristics of isolating ultraviolet rays and resisting high and low temperatures, can be only used in a greenhouse, and is narrow in use range, no preparation method of the existing covering film is provided, and the like. The plant covering material comprises a base cloth layer, wherein protection layers are fixed on the two sides of the base cloth layer and are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 90 to 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 33 to 42 parts of dioctyl phthalate, 2.5 to 3.3 parts of soybean oil, 0.4 to 0.6 part of an ultraviolet ray absorbent, 0.3 to 0.5 part of a cold-proof agent, 10 to 14 parts of titanium dioxide, 5 to 8 parts of calcium carbonate and 35 to 55 parts of water. The preparation method is further provided. The plant covering material has the advantages of wide use range and high production efficiency.

The invention discloses a biological enzyme soil solidification-based side slope ecological protection method which comprises the steps of adding cement and nutrient soil in the soil for stirring, adding a biological enzyme stock solution into the soil to mix evenly after diluting by water and finally paving on a side slope with a paving thickness of 3-20cm; and sowing grass seeds or implanting turfs in the paved soil layer to ensure that the grass seeds or the grass turfs grow under natural conditions, wherein 2wt% cement, 36-60ml biological enzyme stock solution and 3wt% nutrient soil are added in every square meter of soil, the biological enzyme stock solution is diluted according to a volume ratio of 1: (500-1500) to the water, and the biological enzyme is Terrazyme or Permazyme slurry. After the treatment through the method, the erosion prevention performance of the soil on the surface of the side slope is enhanced, the erosion prevention performance and the heavy rainfall filtration prevention performance are provided, the side slope is suitable for the growth of plant covers and the secular stability of the side slope can be kept.

The invention discloses a platform rail system used for intelligent connected vehicle intelligent driving auxiliary experiment and practical training teaching. The platform rail system comprises a support frame, driving wheels, driven wheels, a belt and a steering device. The device has the advantages that the simulation on the advancing and steering on a road is realized; common models, such as traffic signs, roadside buildings and plant cover, crossings, changeable street lamps, traffic lamps and pedestrians, capable of being used for simulating road conditions are arranged on a moving road;simplicity and controllability are realized; the building is flexible; the created experience scene is suitable for being used for testing a driverless vehicle environment sensing sensor, and can also be used as a tool for class teaching and experiments.

The invention discloses a greening retaining wall building block which comprises an opening body. The body consists of a base plate and a semi-surrounding structure on the base plate, wherein the semi-surrounding structure is formed from two side walls and a front wall which are connected into a whole, and the rear end of the side wall flanges outwards to form external flanging which outreaches the outer boundary of the side wall of the semi-surrounding structure at the same side. The invention also discloses a method for constructing a retaining wall with building blocks. In the method, the building blocks are interlaced and stacked up, and the front wall of building blocks at the same layer and flanging in occluding connection form a transversal S-shaped continuous closing retaining wall which can prevent soil at the wall back from running off. An open structure formed from a greening groove at the middle of the wall and filled soil at the wall back is provided and is in communication with a greening groove at an open side wall of building blocks at the upper layer, so the retaining wall can provide sufficient thickness of cultivation soil for greening plant cover and continuously provide capillary water or nutritive substances. Therefore, favorable greening conditions are provided for steep retaining wall to create better ecological effects.

The invention discloses a green waterflow estimation method and a green waterflow estimation device. The green water estimation method is designed to solve the problem that the conventional green waterflowestimationmethod is not accurate. The green water estimation method comprises the following steps: A) solving a plant coefficient Kc according to a first preset method; B) solving potential evapotranspiration ETp0 of an area corresponding to the plant coefficient Kc according to a second preset method; C) solving soil evaporativeness Ea according to a third preset method; and D) estimating a green waterflow estimated value Z according to the following formulas: ETp=Kc*ETP0, Ecan,a=cp*delta*ETp, Z=Ecan,a+Ta+Ea, wherein ETp is plant potential evapotranspiration, Ecan,a is plant canopy interceptionevaporativeness, cp is a rate of plant coverage which is obtained by inverting space discretized pixel elements of a remote sensing image, delta is an area rate of a wet leaf area, Ta is plant transpiration, Si is water absorption of an i-layer root system, and n is the total number of layers of a plant root system. The invention has the advantages of simple implementation and accurate green waterflow simulation and estimation.

Described are devices and methods for providing protection to plants from cold and other weather. A plant cover or protector is constructed of a translucent or other material, a flexible or bendable material, cut into a two-dimensional blank or shape and provides an easily assembled, self-supporting structure to be placed over one or more plants or a location. The plant protector is erected without the use of tools or need for a separate frame or support. The plant protector may be used with stakes or spikes. The plant protector may be collapsed to a planar configuration. The plant protector may be easily and inexpensively manufactured. The plant protector may be repeatedly used from season to season. A top portion of each plant protector may be easily and quickly closed or opened such as by manual manipulation. The plant protector comprises one or more supports or feet for increased contact with the ground and resilience against wind. The plant protector may be folded from a blank into a three-dimensional frustum or conical shape and placed in a desired location. Other shapes such as hexagonal and octagonal cross sections are possible. A preferred form is tapered from bottom to top.