Ecological slope protection, method for establishing rainwater infiltration control model based on ecological slope protection, and control method

Abstract

The present application relates to ecological slope protection, a method for establishing a rainwater infiltration control model based on the same, and a control method, and belongs to the technical field of urban construction. The slope protection comprises a water-permeable layer, a reinforcing layer, and a plant cover layer stacked in sequence. The water-permeable layer is fixed on the surface of the slope soil. The root system of the plant cover layer penetrates the reinforcing layer and the water-permeable layer in sequence and is rooted in the slope soil. The water-permeable layer comprises a gradient porous ceramic layer and a polymer water-conducting fiber layer. The gradient porous ceramic layer is close to the reinforcing layer. A humidity sensor sub-network is arranged at the junction of the reinforcing layer and the plant cover layer and at the junction of the water-permeable layer and the reinforcing layer. Pressure sensors are arranged at the top and bottom of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer. A rain sensor is arranged in the open area at the top of the slope. The bottom of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer is provided with a plurality of water-conducting pipes. Side water-conducting valves are arranged on the water-conducting pipes. The present application realizes multiple infiltration paths for rainwater and solves the problem of the conflict between root system infiltration and the direction of infiltration and the gravitational field in traditional slope protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of urban construction technology, and specifically relates to ecological slope protection, a method for establishing a rainwater infiltration control model based thereon, and a control method therefor. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, traditional hardened surfaces are leading to increasingly severe problems such as a surge in rainwater runoff, insufficient groundwater replenishment, and frequent urban flooding. Against this backdrop, the concept of "sponge city" has emerged, aiming to construct a sustainable urban water cycle system through multi-dimensional technologies encompassing infiltration, retention, storage, purification, utilization, and drainage. Among these, rainwater infiltration enhancement systems, as a core component of sponge city construction, can effectively alleviate pressure on drainage networks, replenish groundwater reserves, and reduce the risk of non-point source pollution by improving rainwater infiltration efficiency. However, existing rainwater infiltration technologies still face significant bottlenecks in practical applications:

[0003] Traditional ecological slope protection techniques enhance infiltration by using vegetation roots to stabilize the soil and stems and leaves to intercept rainwater. Typical solutions include: turf slope protection, which relies on the root system to form infiltration channels by planting drought-resistant grasses; and shrub-soil composite layers, which utilize shrub roots to expand pores and combine with organic matter to improve soil permeability. However, traditional ecological slope protection has insufficient infiltration capacity and limitations in root infiltration: the infiltration channels formed by vegetation roots are easily rendered ineffective by soil compaction or root degradation, resulting in a sharp drop in infiltration rate during heavy rain; and poor dynamic adaptability: traditional slope protection relies on static vegetation density configuration and cannot adjust infiltration efficiency in real time according to rainfall intensity.

[0004] The application of permeable materials utilizes engineering materials to enhance rainwater infiltration capacity. For example, through aggregate gradation design, permeable concrete with a porous structure is formed; through sintering processes, permeable ceramic bricks with interconnected pores are formed. However, the synergy between permeable materials and ecological slope protection is lacking. Firstly, the material-ecological interface fails, leading to pore blockage due to soil erosion when permeable materials (such as permeable bricks) are combined with the slope vegetation layer. Secondly, it exhibits poor slope applicability because existing permeable materials are mostly designed for horizontal paving, making material fixation difficult on slopes and causing the permeation direction to conflict with the gravitational field.

[0005] In addition, traditional technologies use a passive infiltration mode, relying on natural infiltration, and cannot dynamically adjust the infiltration path according to soil moisture and groundwater level, and the infiltration process lacks intelligent control.

[0006] In light of the aforementioned technical background, there is an urgent need for ecological slope protection, as well as methods for establishing and controlling rainwater infiltration control models based on it. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides ecological slope protection, a method for establishing a rainwater infiltration control model based thereon, and a control method.

[0008] The first objective of this invention is to provide an ecological slope protection system, comprising a permeable layer, a reinforcing layer, and a vegetation cover layer stacked sequentially.

[0009] The permeable layer is fixed on the slope soil surface, and the root system of the plant cover layer penetrates the reinforcement layer and the permeable layer in sequence, taking root in the slope soil.

[0010] The permeable layer includes a gradient porous ceramic layer and a polymer water-conducting fiber layer, with the gradient porous ceramic layer located close to the reinforcing layer;

[0011] Humidity sensor subnetworks are arranged at the junction of the reinforcement layer and the plant cover layer, and at the junction of the permeable layer and the reinforcement layer. Pressure sensors are arranged at the top and bottom of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer, and the rainfall sensor is arranged in the open area at the top of the slope.

[0012] The bottom of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer is provided with several water-conducting pipes, and the water-conducting pipes are provided with side water-conducting valves.

[0013] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the gradient porous ceramic layer is used for photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants under sunlight irradiation;

[0014] And / or, the porosity of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer is 30-40%.

[0015] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the pore size of the gradient porous ceramic layer is 50-100 μm;

[0016] And / or, the pore size of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer is 200-500 μm.

[0017] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the gradient porous ceramic layer is composed of several layers of porous ceramic layers with single pore size stacked in order of pore size, with the porous ceramic layer with larger pore size closer to the slope surface.

[0018] And / or, the thickness of each porous ceramic layer with a single pore size is the same.

[0019] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the reinforcing layer is provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes;

[0020] The diameter of the permeable hole is 1.5-4cm;

[0021] And / or, the material of the reinforcing layer is active soil;

[0022] And / or, the permeable holes are filled with a plant rooting agent.

[0023] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the plants in the plant cover layer include herbs and shrubs.

[0024] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for establishing a rainwater infiltration control model based on the above-mentioned ecological slope protection, comprising:

[0025] The rainfall intensity and duration on the slope, soil moisture at the junction of the reinforcement layer and the vegetation cover, soil moisture at the junction of the permeable layer and the reinforcement layer, and pore pressure at the top and bottom of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer were collected.

[0026] Based on the rainfall intensity and duration of the slope, the soil moisture at the interface between the reinforcement layer and the vegetation cover layer, the soil moisture at the interface between the permeable layer and the reinforcement layer, the pore pressure at the top and bottom of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer, as well as the BP neural network and the probability function for predicting the blockage risk, a rainwater infiltration control model for ecological slope protection is constructed.

[0027] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a rainwater infiltration control model for ecological slope protection is constructed based on the rainfall intensity and duration of the slope, the soil moisture at the interface between the reinforcement layer and the vegetation cover layer, the soil moisture at the interface between the permeable layer and the reinforcement layer, the pore pressure at the top and bottom of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer, and a BP neural network and a probability function for predicting clogging risk. The model includes:

[0028] Data preprocessing was performed on the rainfall intensity and duration of the slope, soil moisture at the interface between the reinforcement layer and the vegetation cover, soil moisture at the interface between the permeable layer and the reinforcement layer, and pore pressure at the top and bottom of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer.

[0029] The soil moisture gradient is calculated based on the soil moisture at the interface between the reinforcement layer and the vegetation cover layer and the soil moisture at the interface between the permeable layer and the reinforcement layer after data preprocessing.

[0030] The pore pressure difference is calculated based on the pore pressure at the top and bottom of the preprocessed polymer water-conducting fiber layer.

[0031] Based on the preprocessed rainfall intensity and duration, soil moisture gradient, pore pressure difference, BP neural network, and the probability function for predicting blockage risk, the model is trained and optimized.

[0032] Based on the training and optimization results, a rainwater infiltration control model for ecological slope protection was established.

[0033] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the probability function for predicting congestion risk is as follows:

[0034]

[0035] Where X represents the input vector, W1 is the hidden layer weight matrix, b1 is the hidden layer bias, W2 is the output layer weight, and b2 is the output layer bias.

[0036] The third objective of this invention is to provide a method for controlling the permeability of ecological slope protection based on the method described in the invention, comprising:

[0037] The real-time probability of blockage risk is calculated based on real-time rainfall intensity and duration, soil moisture gradient, and pore pressure difference.

[0038] The vertical infiltration flow rate is calculated based on the real-time effective infiltration area, vertical permeability coefficient, soil moisture at the interface between the reinforcement layer and the vegetation cover layer after data preprocessing, and soil saturation moisture.

[0039] The permeation efficiency is adjusted in real time based on the probability of blockage risk and the vertical permeation flow rate.

[0040] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the real-time adjustment of the permeation efficiency is performed based on the probability of blockage risk and the vertical permeation flow rate, including:

[0041] Adjust the ratio of vertical infiltration flow rate to lateral infiltration flow rate according to the probability of blockage risk;

[0042] The lateral infiltration flow rate is obtained based on the ratio of vertical infiltration flow rate to lateral infiltration flow rate and the vertical infiltration flow rate.

[0043] Calculate the expected flow velocity of the side guide valve based on the lateral seepage flow rate;

[0044] The flow rate of the side guide valve is adjusted in real time according to the expected flow rate, thereby achieving real-time adjustment of the permeation efficiency.

[0045] The fourth objective of this invention is to provide a permeability control system based on the above-mentioned ecological slope protection, including a sensor network and a control unit connected to the sensor network. The control unit includes a data acquisition module and a model building and usage module.

[0046] The sensor network includes a humidity sensor sub-network, a rainfall sensor, and a pore pressure sensor sub-network.

[0047] The humidity sensors in the humidity sensor sub-network are arranged at the junction of the reinforcement layer and the plant cover layer and at the junction of the permeable layer and the reinforcement layer.

[0048] The rain sensor is positioned in an open area at the top of the slope;

[0049] The pressure sensors in the pore pressure sensor sub-network are arranged at the top and bottom of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer;

[0050] The data acquisition module is used to collect rainfall intensity and duration on the slope, soil moisture at the junction of the reinforcement layer and the vegetation cover layer, soil moisture at the junction of the permeable layer and the reinforcement layer, and pore pressure at the top and bottom of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer.

[0051] The model construction and usage module is used to construct a rainwater infiltration control model for ecological slope protection based on the rainfall intensity and duration of the slope, the soil moisture at the junction of the reinforcement layer and the vegetation cover layer, the soil moisture at the junction of the permeable layer and the reinforcement layer, the pore pressure at the top and bottom of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer, as well as the BP neural network and the probability function for predicting the blockage risk.

[0052] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the model construction and usage module is also used to calculate the real-time blockage risk probability based on the real-time rainfall intensity and duration, soil moisture gradient, and pore pressure difference; and to calculate the vertical infiltration flow rate based on the real-time effective infiltration area, vertical permeability coefficient, soil moisture at the junction of the reinforcement layer and the plant cover layer after data preprocessing, and soil saturation moisture.

[0053] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the permeability control system for ecological slope protection further includes a water flow control module;

[0054] The water flow control module is used to calculate the real-time probability of blockage based on the real-time rainfall intensity and duration, soil moisture gradient, and pore pressure difference; and to calculate the vertical infiltration flow rate based on the real-time effective infiltration area, vertical permeability coefficient, soil moisture at the interface between the pre-processed reinforcement layer and the vegetation cover layer, and soil saturation moisture; and to adjust the infiltration efficiency in real time based on the probability of blockage and the vertical infiltration flow rate.

[0055] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0056] The ecological slope protection, the rainwater infiltration control model based thereon, and the control method of the present invention integrate the collaborative design of ecological slope protection and permeable materials. Through the synergistic effect of vegetation and permeable materials, multiple infiltration paths of rainwater are realized. This not only overcomes the problem of material fixation difficulties under traditional ecological slope protection conditions, but also solves the shortcomings of root infiltration and the conflict between infiltration direction and gravity field in traditional slope protection, laying the foundation for rainwater infiltration control.

[0057] This invention integrates a humidity sensor and an intelligent valve system to achieve a real-time data-based permeability control method, thereby solving the problems of insufficient rainwater permeability and poor dynamic adaptability in ecological slope protection.

[0058] During heavy rain (corresponding to situations with high blockage rates), intelligent optimization of infiltration paths is achieved, providing efficient and reliable technical support for the construction of sponge cities.

[0059] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0060] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0061] Figure 1 A flowchart is shown below illustrating a method for establishing a rainwater infiltration control model based on ecological slope protection according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 2 A flowchart of a permeability control method based on ecological slope protection according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0063] Figure 3 A framework diagram of a rainwater infiltration control system for ecological slope protection according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0064] In the diagram: Data acquisition module 10; Model building and usage module 20; Flow control module 30. Detailed Implementation

[0065] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] An ecological slope protection method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a permeable layer, a reinforcing layer and a vegetation cover layer stacked sequentially.

[0067] The permeable layer is fixed on the slope soil surface, and the root system of the plant cover layer penetrates the reinforcement layer and the permeable layer in sequence, taking root in the slope soil.

[0068] The permeable layer includes a gradient porous ceramic layer and a polymer water-conducting fiber layer, with the gradient porous ceramic layer located close to the reinforcing layer;

[0069] A humidity sensor subnetwork is arranged at the junction of the reinforcing layer and the plant cover layer, and at the junction of the permeable layer and the reinforcing layer. The humidity sensor subnetwork is used to collect the humidity at the junction of the reinforcing layer and the plant cover layer, and at the junction of the permeable layer and the reinforcing layer.

[0070] Pressure sensors are arranged at both the top and bottom of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer. The pressure sensors are used to collect the pressure at the top and bottom of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer in order to calculate the pore pressure difference of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer.

[0071] The rain sensor is arranged in an open area at the top of the slope. The rain sensor is used to collect data on rainfall intensity and duration.

[0072] The bottom of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer is provided with several water-conducting pipes, and the water-conducting pipes are provided with side water-conducting valves. The side water-conducting valves are intelligently controlled water-conducting valves, so as to intelligently regulate the lateral flow rate by controlling the opening degree of the side water-conducting valves.

[0073] In some embodiments of the present invention, the gradient porous ceramic layer is used for photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants under sunlight.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present invention, the porosity of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer is 30-40%.

[0075] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pore size of the gradient porous ceramic layer is 50-100 μm.

[0076] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pore size of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer is 200-500 μm.

[0077] For example, in some embodiments, the polymer water-conducting fiber layer is composed of polypropylene fibers (0.2 mm in diameter) + polyvinyl alcohol adhesive (5%), the axial water-conducting fibers are cross-woven at 45° (tensile strength ≥ 50 MPa), the porosity of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer is 35%, and the effective pore size is 200-500 μm; this pore structure has both water-conducting properties and anti-clogging properties.

[0078] In some embodiments of the present invention, the gradient porous ceramic layer is composed of several layers of porous ceramic layers with single pore sizes stacked in order of pore size, with the porous ceramic layers with larger pore sizes located near the slope surface.

[0079] In some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of each porous ceramic layer with a single pore size is the same.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present invention, the number of porous ceramic layers with a single pore size in the gradient porous ceramic layer is at least 3.

[0081] For example, in some embodiments, the gradient porous ceramic layer is composed of three porous ceramic layers stacked in order of pore size, with a total thickness of 5 cm and a thickness of 1.67 cm for each layer. The upper layer has a pore size of 50 μm, the middle layer has a pore size of 80 μm, and the lower layer has a pore size of 100 μm. All layers have a self-cleaning function. This function is achieved by loading a TiO2 / Ag nano-coating (loading amount of 3 mg / cm²) onto the surface of the gradient porous ceramic layer, which can photocatalytically degrade organic pollutants under sunlight (degradation efficiency > 90%, wavelength 365 nm).

[0082] For example, in some embodiments, the permeable layer has an inclination angle of 5°-15° (adapted to slopes).

[0083] For example, in some embodiments, the permeable layer is fixed to the slope base surface by anchor bolts, with the tilt direction consistent with the gravitational field;

[0084] The anchoring nails are titanium alloy anchoring nails (5mm in diameter and 30cm in length) with a root-like bifurcation design. The surface is coated with a silica hydrophobic coating (contact angle > 150°), which can effectively reduce soil adhesion. They are distributed in a quincunx pattern (30×30cm spacing). The anchoring depth L is calculated according to the anti-slip formula as shown in formula (1):

[0085] (1)

[0086] In equation (1), F is the pull-out force, τ is the soil shear strength, and d is the diameter of the anchor nail.

[0087] In some embodiments of the present invention, the reinforcing layer is provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes;

[0088] The diameter of the permeable hole is 1.5-4cm;

[0089] The reinforcing layer is made of active soil;

[0090] The permeable holes are filled with a plant root-promoting agent.

[0091] In some embodiments, the active soil is composed of: humus (60%) + coconut coir (20%) + silica sand (20%), the pH of the active soil is controlled at 6.5-7.5, the diameter of the permeable pores is 2cm, the spacing between the permeable pores is 15cm, and the root-promoting agent is, for example, a root-promoting agent containing 500ppm of the plant growth regulator indolebutyric acid (IBA) to promote plant root growth in the reinforced layer, penetrate the gradient porous ceramic layer in the permeable layer, and form an interlocking structure with the polymer water-conducting fiber layer in the permeable layer, thus forming a root interlocking mechanism.

[0092] In some embodiments of the invention, the plants in the plant cover include herbs and shrubs;

[0093] For example, the herbaceous plant is Bermuda grass, with a planting density of 40 plants / m², a grass height of 10-15cm, and a root depth of 15-20cm; the shrub is Buxus microphylla, with a planting spacing of 30cm and a root depth of 30-50cm.

[0094] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for establishing a rainwater infiltration control model for ecological slope protection according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0095] S1. Collect rainfall intensity and duration on the slope, soil moisture at the junction of the reinforcement layer and the vegetation cover layer, soil moisture at the junction of the permeable layer and the reinforcement layer, and pore pressure at the top and bottom of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer.

[0096] S2. Based on the rainfall intensity and duration of the slope, the soil moisture at the junction of the reinforcement layer and the vegetation cover layer, the soil moisture at the junction of the permeable layer and the reinforcement layer, the pore pressure at the top and bottom of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer, as well as the BP neural network and the probability function for predicting the blockage risk, a rainwater infiltration control model for ecological slope protection is constructed.

[0097] In this embodiment of the invention, the data collected in step S1 is data from a laboratory (constructing a laboratory model of the ecological slope protection in the above embodiment) simulating a blockage situation under a rainstorm scenario (including rainfall intensity and duration, soil moisture gradient, and pore pressure difference).

[0098] In some embodiments of the present invention, step S2 includes:

[0099] S2-1. Data preprocessing is performed on the rainfall intensity and duration of the slope, soil moisture at the interface between the reinforcement layer and the vegetation cover, soil moisture at the interface between the permeable layer and the reinforcement layer, and pore pressure at the top and bottom of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer.

[0100] For example, the preprocessing includes normalization and missing value imputation;

[0101] The standardization process is to eliminate the dimension of the Z-score, and its calculation formula is as shown in equation (2):

[0102] (2)

[0103] In equation (2), μ is the mean and σ is the standard deviation;

[0104] Missing values ​​were filled using time-series linear interpolation.

[0105] S2-2. Calculate the soil moisture gradient based on the soil moisture at the junction of the reinforcement layer and the vegetation cover layer after data preprocessing, and the soil moisture at the junction of the permeable layer and the reinforcement layer.

[0106] The calculation formula for the soil moisture gradient is detailed in equation (3):

[0107] (3)

[0108] In equation (3), H 1 represents the soil moisture at the interface between the reinforcement layer and the vegetation cover layer after data preprocessing. H 2 represents the soil moisture at the interface between the permeable layer and the reinforcement layer after data preprocessing.

[0109] S2-3. Calculate the pore pressure difference based on the pore pressure at the top and bottom of the preprocessed polymer water-conducting fiber layer; the pore pressure difference is the difference between the pore pressure at the top and bottom of the preprocessed polymer water-conducting fiber layer.

[0110] S2-4. Based on the preprocessed rainfall intensity and duration, soil moisture gradient, pore pressure difference, BP neural network, and the probability function for predicting blockage risk, the model is trained and optimized.

[0111] S2-5. Based on the training and optimization results, establish a rainwater infiltration control model for ecological slope protection.

[0112] In some embodiments of the present invention, in steps S1-4, the predicted congestion risk probability function (Pclog) is as shown in equation (4):

[0113] (4)

[0114] In equation (4), X represents the input vector, W1 is the hidden layer weight matrix, b1 is the hidden layer bias, W2 is the output layer weight, and b2 is the output layer bias.

[0115] In this embodiment of the invention, X = [rainfall intensity, rainfall duration, soil moisture gradient, pore pressure difference]T: 4-dimensional input vector; σ: Sigmoid function .

[0116] In the Sigmoid function, z represents a linearly weighted input, specifically defined as a linear combination of the input features of a certain layer in a neural network. In the rainwater infiltration control model of this invention embodiment, z is calculated as shown in equation (5):

[0117] (5)

[0118] In equation (5), W is the weight matrix, which represents the contribution weight of the input features to the output result.

[0119] For example, if the input layer has 4 input quantities (rainfall intensity, rainfall duration, soil moisture gradient, pore pressure difference), then W is a weight vector with a dimension of 1×7.

[0120] X: Input feature vector, i.e., the normalized real-time parameter values, with a dimension of 7×1.

[0121] b: Bias, used to adjust the model's fitting ability, and its specific value is obtained through training.

[0122] The data processed in steps S2-3 is used as input data (four-dimensional input data of rainfall intensity and duration, soil moisture gradient, and pore pressure difference), and input into the BP neural network. After deep learning training and optimization of the BP neural network, the blockage risk probability Rclog (Sigmoid function mapped to [0,1]) is finally output by the BP neural network.

[0123] like Figure 2 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a permeability control method based on the above-described ecological slope protection includes:

[0124] C1. Calculate the real-time probability of blockage risk based on real-time rainfall intensity and duration, soil moisture gradient, and pore pressure difference;

[0125] The real-time blockage risk probability is calculated based on the rainwater infiltration control model constructed in the above embodiments;

[0126] C2. Calculate the vertical infiltration flow rate based on the real-time effective infiltration area, vertical permeability coefficient, soil moisture at the junction of the reinforcement layer and the vegetation cover layer after data preprocessing, and soil saturation moisture.

[0127] The formula for calculating the vertical infiltration flow rate is shown in equation (6):

[0128] (6)

[0129] In equation (6), Q1 is the vertical infiltration flow rate, A1 is the effective infiltration area of ​​the reinforcement layer (the projected area of ​​the reinforcement layer on the horizontal plane), and K1 is the vertical permeability coefficient (1×10⁻⁶). -4 (m / s), H3 is the soil saturation moisture (value is 40%).

[0130] C3. Adjust the permeation efficiency in real time based on the probability of blockage risk and the vertical permeation flow rate.

[0131] In some embodiments of the present invention, step C3 includes:

[0132] C3-1. Adjust the ratio of lateral infiltration flow rate to vertical infiltration flow rate according to the probability of blockage risk;

[0133] Specifically, adjusting the ratio of lateral infiltration flow to vertical infiltration flow is positively correlated with the probability of blockage. That is, when the probability of blockage is high, the ratio of lateral infiltration flow to vertical infiltration flow is increased by increasing the lateral infiltration flow, thereby reducing the probability of blockage and protecting the permeability of the permeable layer in the ecological slope protection to prevent blockage. When the probability of blockage is low, the permeability of the permeable layer in the ecological slope protection can be maintained with a smaller lateral infiltration flow (lower cost).

[0134] For example, in some embodiments of the present invention, the following adjustment rule data are obtained by analyzing the relationship between the blockage risk probability data and the ratio data of vertical infiltration flow to lateral infiltration flow in the rainwater infiltration control model of the above embodiments:

[0135] If the blockage probability Pclog > 50%, then η is adjusted to 0.8;

[0136] If the blockage probability is 20% < Pclog ≤ 50%, then η is adjusted to 0.3;

[0137] If the blockage probability Pclog≤20%, then η is adjusted to 0;

[0138] The formula for calculating η is shown in equation (7).

[0139] η = Q2 / Q1 (7)

[0140] In equation (7), Q2 is the lateral permeation flow rate.

[0141] C3-2. Obtain the lateral infiltration flow rate based on the ratio of lateral infiltration flow rate to vertical infiltration flow rate and the vertical infiltration flow rate;

[0142] C3-3. Calculate the expected flow velocity of the side guide valve based on the lateral seepage flow rate;

[0143] C3-4. Adjust the flow rate of the side guide valve in real time according to the expected flow rate to achieve real-time adjustment of the permeation efficiency;

[0144] The formulas for calculating the lateral seepage flow rate and the expected flow velocity of the side guide valve are shown in equation (8):

[0145] (8)

[0146] In equation (8), A2 is the total cross-sectional area of ​​the side guide valve, v is the lateral flow velocity, and the lateral flow velocity is linearly related to the opening degree, v = 0.015·K, where K is the opening degree of the side guide valve; therefore, the lateral permeation flow rate of the side guide valve can be adjusted by controlling the opening degree of the side guide valve.

[0147] like Figure 3 As shown, according to an example of the present invention, a rainwater infiltration control system for ecological slope protection includes a sensor network and a control unit connected to the sensor network. The control unit includes a data acquisition module 10 and a model building and usage module 20.

[0148] The sensor network includes a humidity sensor sub-network, a rainfall sensor, and a pore pressure sensor sub-network.

[0149] The humidity sensors in the humidity sensor sub-network are arranged at the junction of the reinforcement layer and the plant cover layer and at the junction of the permeable layer and the reinforcement layer.

[0150] The rain sensor is positioned in an open area at the top of the slope;

[0151] The pressure sensors in the pore pressure sensor sub-network are arranged at the top and bottom of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer;

[0152] The data acquisition module 10 is used to collect rainfall intensity and duration on the slope, soil moisture at the junction of the reinforcement layer and the vegetation cover layer, soil moisture at the junction of the permeable layer and the reinforcement layer, and pore pressure at the top and bottom of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer.

[0153] The model building and usage module 20 is used to build a rainwater infiltration control model for ecological slope protection based on the rainfall intensity and duration of the slope, the soil moisture at the junction of the reinforcement layer and the vegetation cover layer, the soil moisture at the junction of the permeable layer and the reinforcement layer, the pore pressure at the top and bottom of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer, as well as the BP neural network and the probability function for predicting the blockage risk.

[0154] The model building and usage module 20 is also used to calculate the real-time blockage risk probability based on the real-time rainfall intensity and duration, soil moisture gradient, and pore pressure difference; and to calculate the vertical infiltration flow rate based on the real-time effective infiltration area, vertical permeability coefficient, soil moisture at the junction of the reinforcement layer and the vegetation cover layer after data preprocessing, and soil saturation moisture.

[0155] In some embodiments of the present invention, a flow control module 30 is also included;

[0156] The water flow control module 30 is used to calculate the real-time probability of blockage based on the real-time rainfall intensity and duration, soil moisture gradient, and pore pressure difference; and to calculate the vertical infiltration flow rate based on the real-time effective infiltration area, vertical permeability coefficient, soil moisture at the junction of the reinforcement layer and the plant cover layer after data preprocessing, and soil saturation moisture; and to adjust the infiltration efficiency in real time based on the probability of blockage and the vertical infiltration flow rate.

[0157] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological revetment, characterized in that The water-permeable layer, the reinforcing layer and the plant cover layer are sequentially stacked; The water-permeable layer is fixed on the soil surface of the slope, and the root system of the plant cover layer penetrates the reinforcing layer and the water-permeable layer in sequence and is rooted in the soil of the slope; The water-permeable layer comprises a gradient porous ceramic layer and a polymer water-conducting fiber layer, and the gradient porous ceramic layer is close to the reinforcing layer; The reinforcing layer and the water-permeable layer are both provided with a humidity sensor sub-network at the junction with the plant cover layer, and the polymer water-conducting fiber layer is provided with a pressure sensor at the top and the bottom, and the slope is provided with a rain sensor at the top of the open area; The bottom of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer is provided with a plurality of water pipes, and the water pipes are provided with side water valves; The reinforcing layer is made of active soil, and the active soil comprises 60% humus soil, 20% coconut husk and 20% silica sand, and the pH of the active soil is controlled to be 6.5-7.5; The gradient porous ceramic layer is composed of a plurality of single-aperture porous ceramic layers stacked in order of aperture size, and the porous ceramic layer with a larger aperture is close to the surface of the slope.

2. The eco-slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gradient porous ceramic layer is used for photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants under sunlight; And / or, the porosity of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer is 30-40%.

3. The eco- revetment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The thickness of each single-aperture porous ceramic layer is the same.

4. A method for establishing a rainwater infiltration control model based on the ecological revetment according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, It comprises: Collecting the rainfall intensity and rainfall duration of the slope, the soil humidity at the junction of the reinforcing layer and the plant cover layer, the soil humidity at the junction of the water-permeable layer and the reinforcing layer, and the pore pressure at the top and the bottom of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer; Based on the rainfall intensity and rainfall duration of the slope, the soil humidity at the junction of the reinforcing layer and the plant cover layer, the soil humidity at the junction of the water-permeable layer and the reinforcing layer, the pore pressure at the top and the bottom of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer, and the BP neural network and the prediction of the risk probability function, an ecological slope rainwater infiltration control model is constructed, including: Data preprocessing is performed on the rainfall intensity and rainfall duration of the slope, the soil humidity at the junction of the reinforcing layer and the plant cover layer, the soil humidity at the junction of the water-permeable layer and the reinforcing layer, and the pore pressure at the top and the bottom of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer, the preprocessing including standardization processing and missing value filling, the standardization processing being Z-score dimensionless, and the missing value filling being time series linear interpolation filling; According to the data-preprocessed soil humidity at the junction of the reinforcing layer and the plant cover layer and the soil humidity at the junction of the water-permeable layer and the reinforcing layer, the soil humidity gradient is calculated; According to the data-preprocessed pore pressure at the top and the bottom of the polymer water-conducting fiber layer, the pore pressure difference is calculated; According to the data-preprocessed rainfall intensity and rainfall duration, soil humidity gradient, pore pressure difference, and BP neural network and prediction of risk probability function, model training and optimization are performed; According to the training and optimization results, the establishment of the ecological slope rainwater infiltration control model is completed; The prediction of the risk probability function is as follows: where X represents an input vector, W1 is a hidden layer weight matrix, b1 is a hidden layer bias, W2 is an output layer weight, b2 is an output layer bias, and σ is a Sigmoid function, In the Sigmoid function, z represents a linearly weighted input, which is specifically defined as a linear combination of input features of a certain layer in a neural network.

5. A method for controlling the permeability of an ecological revetment, characterized in that, The method for establishing the ecological slope rainwater infiltration control model of claim 4 comprises: According to the real-time rainfall intensity and rainfall duration, soil humidity gradient, pore pressure difference, the real-time risk probability is calculated; According to the real-time effective infiltration area, the vertical permeation coefficient, the soil humidity at the junction of the reinforced layer and the plant cover layer after data preprocessing, and the soil saturation humidity, a vertical permeation flow rate is calculated, and a calculation formula of the vertical permeation flow rate is as follows: Wherein, Q1 is the vertical permeation flow rate, A1 is the effective infiltration area of the reinforced layer, the effective infiltration area of the reinforced layer is the projected area of the area of the reinforced layer on the horizontal plane, K1 is the vertical permeation coefficient, H3 is the soil saturation humidity, and H1 is the soil humidity at the junction of the reinforced layer and the plant cover layer after data preprocessing; According to the clogging risk probability and the vertical permeation flow rate, the real-time adjustment of the permeation efficiency is performed, including: According to the size of the clogging risk probability, the ratio of the lateral permeation flow rate to the vertical permeation flow rate is adjusted, including: If the clogging probability is greater than 50%, the ratio of the lateral permeation flow rate to the vertical permeation flow rate is adjusted to 0.8; If the clogging probability is 20% < Pclog ≤ 50%, the ratio of the lateral permeation flow rate to the vertical permeation flow rate is adjusted to 0.3; If the clogging probability Pclog ≤ 20%, the ratio of the lateral permeation flow rate to the vertical permeation flow rate is adjusted to 0; According to the ratio of the lateral permeation flow rate to the vertical permeation flow rate and the vertical permeation flow rate, the lateral permeation flow rate is obtained. According to the lateral permeation flow rate, the flow rate of the expected lateral water guide valve is calculated. According to the flow rate of the expected lateral water guide valve, the flow rate of the lateral water guide valve is adjusted in real time, and the real-time adjustment of the permeation efficiency is completed.

6. A permeability control system for an ecological revetment, characterized by The permeation rate control method of the ecological slope protection according to claim 5 comprises a sensor network and a control unit connected with the sensor network, the control unit comprises a data acquisition module, a model construction and use module; The sensor network comprises a humidity sensor sub-network, a rainfall sensor, and a pore pressure sensor sub-network; The humidity sensors in the humidity sensor sub-network are arranged at the junction of the reinforced layer and the plant cover layer and the junction of the water permeable layer and the reinforced layer; The rainfall sensor is arranged at the open area on the top of the slope; The pressure sensors in the pore pressure sensor sub-network are arranged at the top and bottom of the polymer water guide fiber layer; The data acquisition module is used to acquire the rainfall intensity and rainfall duration of the slope, the soil humidity at the junction of the reinforced layer and the plant cover layer, the soil humidity at the junction of the water permeable layer and the reinforced layer, and the pore pressure at the top and bottom of the polymer water guide fiber layer; The model construction and use module is used to construct a rainwater permeation control model of the ecological slope protection based on the rainfall intensity and rainfall duration of the slope, the soil humidity at the junction of the reinforced layer and the plant cover layer, the soil humidity at the junction of the water permeable layer and the reinforced layer, the pore pressure at the top and bottom of the polymer water guide fiber layer, and a BP neural network and a prediction clogging risk probability function.

7. The permeability control system for an eco-slope according to claim 6, wherein The model construction and use module is also used to calculate the real-time clogging risk probability according to the real-time rainfall intensity and rainfall duration, the soil humidity gradient, and the pore pressure difference; and calculate the vertical permeation flow rate according to the real-time effective infiltration area, the vertical permeation coefficient, and the soil humidity at the junction of the reinforced layer and the plant cover layer after data preprocessing.

8. The permeability control system for an eco-slope according to claim 6, wherein It also comprises a water flow control module; The flow control module is used to calculate the real-time blockage risk probability according to real-time rainfall intensity and rainfall duration, soil humidity gradient, and pore pressure difference; And calculate the vertical infiltration flow rate according to real-time effective infiltration area, vertical permeability coefficient, soil humidity at the junction of the reinforced layer and the plant cover layer after data preprocessing, and soil saturation humidity; and perform real-time adjustment of the infiltration efficiency according to the blockage risk probability and the vertical infiltration flow rate.

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