27 results about "Soil evaporation" patented technology

The invention discloses an evapotranspiration calculation and component splitting method based on a dynamic canopy extinction coefficient, which is applied to the field of farmland crop irrigation and comprises the following steps: judging a main control factor of canopy extinction coefficient change; constructing a canopy extinction coefficient dynamic change rule quantitative characterization function based on the main control factor; the method comprises the following steps of: nesting a single-source Penman-Monteith model or a double-source Shuttleworth-Wallace model to replace a conventional extinction coefficient fixed value scheme, and further estimating the evapotranspiration of the farmland and components (soil evaporation and crop evaporation) of the evapotranspiration of the farmland, wherein the evapotranspiration of the farmland and the components of the evapotranspiration of the farmland are the soil evaporation and the crop evaporation. According to the method, accurate quantitative characterization of the dynamic change rule of the extinction coefficient is achieved, compared with a traditional constant value taking scheme, although the total evapotranspiration simulation effect is slightly improved, the component splitting accuracy of the evapotranspiration can be effectively improved, that is, the accuracy of the evaporation capacity and the ratio of the evapotranspiration is improved, and the effect is stable and reliable through verification in many places.

The utility model discloses a thermal pulse probe for accurately measuring the evaporation capacity of biological crust soil, and belongs to the field of soil measuring equipment. The probe comprises a probe handle, and a plurality of heating needles and temperature sensing needles which are vertically fixed on the probe handle and are distributed in n layers, the first layer comprises three temperature sensing needles which are vertically arranged at equal intervals from top to bottom; the second layer to the nth layer take the heating needle as the center, two temperature sensing needles are arranged on the two horizontal sides respectively, the heating needles of the second layer to the nth layer are vertically arranged on one line, and the vertical distances between the heating needles of all the layers are the same; the distances between the three temperature sensing needles in the first layer and the heating needles in the second layer are the same. According to the utility model, the obvious correlation between the soil thermal capacity and the moisture is utilized, the change of the moisture content is calculated by accurately measuring the soil thermal capacity, and the evaporation capacity of the soil covered by the biological crust is obtained. The device has the advantages of quick response, high sensitivity and small disturbance to soil when being used for measuring the soil moisture change, and is suitable for measuring the evaporation capacity of biological crust.

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological hydrology, and particularly discloses a forest underlying surface earth surface evapotranspiration estimation and component segmentation method based on kNDVI. According to the method, based on a maximum entropy increase model, under the constraint of a surface energy balance equation, the surface state parameters of a forest vegetation-free area are used for resolving to obtain the soil evaporation capacity of the bare soil; on the basis of a maximum entropy increase model, under the constraint of a canopy energy balance equation, the vegetation transpiration amount is obtained through calculation according to the canopy state parameters of the forest vegetation coverage area; calculating the canopy interception evaporation capacity according to the leaf area index and the rainfall capacity of the forest vegetation coverage area; and finally, based on the kNDVI index, carrying out weighted summation on the bare soil evaporation amount, the vegetation evaporation amount and the canopy interception evaporation amount in the forest to obtain the total evapotranspiration of the underlying surface of the forest. Compared with an existing evapotranspiration estimation model, the forest underlying surface earth surface evapotranspiration estimation method is lower in complexity and higher in estimation precision.

The utility model relates to the field of soil detection, in particular to a desert wetland soil evaporation capacity detection device. The desert wetland soil evaporation capacity detection device provided by the utility model can be used for detecting the moisture of soil in the evaporation dish while detecting the moisture of soil at different depths, is convenient to compare, improves the accuracy and reliability of detection and is convenient to use. A desert wetland soil evaporation capacity detection device comprises a placement table, insertion rods and the like, and the left and right parts of the placement table are connected with the front and rear insertion rods. Changes of soil moisture in the evaporation dish are measured at regular time through the weighing device and recorded, meanwhile, the soil moisture sensor is moved to different depths to detect and record the moisture in the soil, and then the evaporation capacity is calculated through data comparison. Therefore, moisture of soil in the evaporation pan can be detected while moisture of soil at different depths is detected, comparison is facilitated, detection accuracy and reliability are improved, and use is convenient.

The present invention relates to a method for simulating soil water and salt, including: collecting soil data, meteorological data, irrigation data, and groundwater data for driving the model; determining soil hydraulic parameters, evaporation stress parameters, solute transport parameters, ion adsorption parameters, precipitation / dissolution parameters, and simulation time; constructing a water and salt transport model considering multi-component salt competitive adsorption and precipitation / dissolution reactions; setting the initial conditions and upper and lower boundary conditions for model operation, inputting soil information, meteorological data, groundwater data, and required parameters, and solving the above-constructed model using numerical algorithms to obtain the water and salt distribution characteristics on the soil profile at a specified time. Based on the traditional water and salt transport model, the present invention considers the physical and chemical reaction processes of multi-component salts and the influence of salt crystallization on soil evaporation during the water and salt transport process, and can reflect the water movement and salt reaction and transport processes in the soil, making it more suitable for simulating the water and salt transport process in saline soil.

The application relates to the technical field of soil evaporation and seepage measuring systems, in particular to a soil evaporation and seepage measuring system based on hydraulic connection, which comprises a power mechanism, a hydraulic connection conveying mechanism arranged below the power mechanism, and a detection mechanism arranged at the bottom of the hydraulic connection conveying mechanism. The detection mechanism comprises a detection barrel, a first fixing frame arranged around the outer circle of the detection barrel, two first fixing frames arranged at the upper and lower ends of the detection barrel respectively, a sensing device arranged on the first fixing frame at the upper end, and a second fixing frame arranged on the first fixing frame at the lower end. The soil to be measured is contacted with the soil on the ground, the soil on the ground is loaded onto a soil loading table, the power mechanism is started to drive the hydraulic connection conveying mechanism to contact the detection mechanism, and the moisture in the soil during detection is closer to the reality, so that the test data is accurate.

The present invention discloses an experimental system and method for simulating the influence of ground cover on soil evaporation. The system includes an artificial rainfall subsystem, an evaporation monitoring subsystem, a meteorological data observation subsystem and a data acquisition subsystem, all of which are arranged in a canopy. The system can accurately and automatically collect evaporation and meteorological data, and the data can be exported for analysis by researchers. The experimental method provides a mechanism for analyzing the influence of ground cover on soil evaporation from the perspective of soil evaporation energy supply and water vapor diffusion conditions. It can save time and human resources for scientific researchers to carry out scientific research. The device is firm and reliable, and the accuracy meets the needs of experimental research. The relevant results have good universality and provide a theoretical basis for calculating the actual evaporation of soil covered with covers.

The invention provides a method for segmenting an earth surface evapotranspiration component based on a double-source wave-text ratio. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, collecting meteorological data; step 2, function expressions of an ecological system wave-text ratio, a vegetation canopy wave-text ratio and a soil layer wave-text ratio are respectively constructed based on the collected meteorological data; step 3, substituting the Bowen ratio expression in the step 2 into an energy balance equation and a water vapor balance equation, and deducing plant transpiration and soil evaporation segmentation factors; and step 4, calculating the plant evaporation amount and the soil evaporation amount according to the segmentation factor. According to the method, the ecosystem evapotranspiration can be accurately divided into plant transpiration and soil evaporation only through conventional meteorological data driving. According to the method, a theoretical basis can be provided for ecosystem evapotranspiration component simulation, a technical support is provided for improving the calculation efficiency of an existing global mode in the ecosystem evapotranspiration component simulation process, and a scientific basis is provided for ecological hydrology research.

The utility model belongs to the technical field of plateau greening, and particularly relates to a plant pit soil moisture preservation device suitable for plateau mountain areas, which comprises a soil layer, a plant pit is arranged on the surface of the soil layer, a tree body is planted in the plant pit, and a breathable impermeable layer is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the bottom of the plant pit. The inner side wall of the breathable impermeable layer is backfilled with planting backfill soil, the interior of the planting backfill soil is uniformly mixed with a water-retaining agent, the upper portion of the planting backfill soil is covered with geotechnical cloth, the surface of the geotechnical cloth is fixedly covered with a macromolecule consolidation water-retaining layer, and a rainwater collecting and irrigating mechanism is further arranged in the soil layer. According to the plant pit soil moisture preservation device suitable for the plateau mountain area, by arranging the breathable impermeable layer, about 30% of water leakage is reduced, 40% of irrigation cost is saved, and by arranging the macromolecule consolidation water retention layer, the soil evaporation rate can be reduced by 8-10%.

The present application belongs to the technical field of soil wilting and saturated water content estimation, and particularly relates to a soil wilting and saturated water content estimation method and device using multi-temporal remote sensing images, an electronic device and a medium. The method comprises: establishing a water-heat balance equation of soil wilting and saturated water content and surface temperature history of each period; solving the water-heat balance equation of each period to obtain the soil wilting and saturated water content of each period; and estimating the soil wilting and saturated water content according to the soil wilting and saturated water content of each period. The present application proposes a water-heat balance method of the physical connection among bare soil evaporation, surface temperature and soil wilting and saturated water content, which can estimate the regional soil wilting and saturated water content under a given confidence level, avoids the time-consuming and laborious shortcomings of the traditional experimental method, improves the determination efficiency of the soil wilting and saturated water content, and provides technical support for hydrological research, agricultural production, water-saving irrigation, drought monitoring, ecological restoration and the like.

The present invention discloses a dry-wet cycling device and method for measuring the evapotranspiration of a clay slope based on humidity difference, which relates to the technical field of climate engineering geology. The device includes a model box, a rainfall component, an evaporation component, a measurement component and an angle adjustment component: a clay slope body is constructed in the model box and placed on an inclined plate; the rainfall component and the evaporation component are used to simulate the real dry-wet alternating conditions of the clay slope; the measurement component includes a hydrological sensor inside the cracked clay slope and an external water flux monitoring system, which are used to monitor the hydrological changes of the cracked clay slope; the angle adjustment component is arranged at the toe of the slope under the inclined plate and is used to adjust the inclination angle of the slope. The method for calculating the soil evaporation amount based on the humidity difference principle of the present invention can efficiently and accurately calculate the actual evaporation amount of the cracked clay slope, overcome the shortcoming that the traditional model test cannot measure the actual evaporation of the slope, and has important theoretical value and practical application prospects.

The application discloses a kind of based on dynamic canopy extinction coefficient evapotranspiration calculation and component splitting method, applied to farmland crop irrigation field, the method includes: discerning the main control factor of canopy extinction coefficient change;Based on main control factor, construct canopy extinction coefficient dynamic change law quantitative representation function;It is nested into single-source Penman-Monteith model or double-source Shuttleworth-Wallace model to replace conventional extinction coefficient fixed value scheme, and then estimate farmland evapotranspiration and its components (soil evaporation and crop transpiration).The application realizes the accurate quantitative representation of the dynamic change law of extinction coefficient.Compared with the traditional fixed value scheme, although the simulation effect of total evapotranspiration is slightly improved, the accuracy of component splitting of evapotranspiration can be effectively improved, i.e.the accuracy of the proportion of evaporation and transpiration.Compared with the proportion of evaporation and transpiration, the effect is stable and reliable after being verified in many places.

The application discloses a kind of desert soil evaporation field in-situ monitoring system and data processing method and application, system includes sensor acquisition module, data transmission module and output platform.Taking soil bucket contains undisturbed soil column, bottom support is weighed on the weighing disc in weighing cylinder, and weighing module is composed of weighing disc, sensor support, weighing sensor and bottom sealing disc.Taking soil bucket and the clearance of weighing cylinder are equipped with sand and water proof sealing ring.Weighing transmitter and 4G collector are packaged in joint sealing windproof sand box, and power supply uses solar panel with local latitude plus 5 ° and buried battery combination.Output platform is based on dynamic threshold method processing quality data: mean and standard deviation are calculated in sliding time window, and k times standard deviation is dynamic threshold value;When continuous multiple data points exceed the sum of mean and threshold value and continuously rise, it is determined that it is rainfall event and data is retained, to avoid false deletion real signal.The application effectively solves the problem of evaporation calculation distortion under desert extreme environment, realizes long-term automatic monitoring.

The present invention discloses a method and device for determining the soil instantaneous evaporation ratio. The method comprises: first acquiring ground data, including ground vorticity data and ground remote sensing data; then determining an initial daily soil evaporation ratio based on the ground data and a surface flux balance model; then determining the dry-side temperature of bare soil in a triangular model based on the initial daily soil evaporation ratio; then optimizing the dry-side temperature to obtain a final dry-side temperature value; and finally inputting the final dry-side temperature value into the triangular model to obtain the soil instantaneous evaporation ratio. This method reduces the error in determining the soil instantaneous evaporation ratio and improves its accuracy.

The application provides a method and device for determining the amount of surface evapotranspiration, wherein the method comprises: processing remote sensing monitoring data of a surface into remote sensing monitoring data of the surface with consistent spatial and temporal resolutions; calculating vegetation transpiration, soil evaporation, canopy interception evaporation, water body evaporation and ice and snow sublimation in a target region according to the remote sensing monitoring data of the surface with consistent spatial and temporal resolutions; and determining the total amount of surface evapotranspiration in the target region according to the vegetation transpiration, soil evaporation, canopy interception evaporation, water body evaporation and ice and snow sublimation in the target region. The above technical solution improves the accuracy of the determination of the amount of evapotranspiration and realizes continuous high-resolution estimation of evapotranspiration.

The present invention relates to the field of evapotranspiration calculation, and specifically relates to a method and device for differentiating orchard evapotranspiration based on differential changes in soil moisture, which greatly reduces the observation cost of evapotranspiration components. The solution includes: performing two sets of short-term soil moisture measurements (7-10 days) under conditions not affected by precipitation. The first set measures the soil moisture profile curve in the existing state, and the second set measures the soil moisture profile curve under the starting covering condition; at the initial moment of measurement, the change curves of the soil moisture of the two sets with depth in the longitudinal section are the same, denoted as SWC1 * ; at the second moment during the measurement process, the curve of the soil moisture change with depth of the first set is denoted as SWC1, and the curve of the soil moisture change with depth of the second set is denoted as SWC2. According to the water balance principle, the evapotranspiration amount is the soil moisture consumption of the corresponding test. Then, the evapotranspiration amounts in both the first case and the second case are transpiration amounts, that is, #imgabs1#. During the set time period, the soil evaporation amount E = ET1 - ET2. The present invention is applicable to differentiating evapotranspiration.

The utility model discloses an automatic crack evaporation rate testing device which comprises supports, the supports are detachably installed on a base platform, the supports are symmetrically arranged, the base platform is detachably connected with a box body, the box body is arranged between the supports, soil evaporation boxes are arranged in the box body at intervals, and the soil evaporation boxes are arranged on the base platform. The soil evaporation box is filled with soil, simulation cracks are placed in the soil evaporation box, control actuators are arranged on the support at intervals, a ventilation hole channel is fixedly formed in the box body, a fan is installed on the ventilation hole channel, the fan controls the air volume through an air speed regulator, and the air speed regulator is connected with the control actuators. The ventilation hole channels in the box body are formed in the opposite faces of the box body at intervals, the ventilation hole channels in the opposite faces are coaxially arranged, the distance between the ventilation hole channels is 50 mm, the interval distance is 160 mm, and the distance between the centers of the ventilation hole channels and the end face of the box body is 200 mm.

The application discloses a kind of multifunctional compound planting system evapotranspiration process dynamic monitoring device and method, lysimeter measuring cylinder is arranged in the upper portion of lysimeter filter layer, soil evaporation barrel and intercropping crop lysimeter barrel are buried in the soil of lysimeter measuring cylinder top portion, soil moisture sensor is connected to the outer wall of one side of lysimeter measuring cylinder, automatic water supply device is connected to the bottom of the outer wall of the other side, with automatic water supply device is located in the same side, groundwater supply device and water level gauge are equipped in the bottom of lysimeter filter layer, the other side is equipped with drain pipe, drain pipe is connected with leakage device, lysimeter filter layer bottom is connected with weighing sensor, drip irrigation belt is arranged in crop row;Based on lysimeter weight, soil moisture, irrigation data, automatic water supply data, groundwater recharge data, drainage data, leakage data and meteorological data, the change of soil storage water quantity is calculated.The application can accurately characterize the evapotranspiration process of compound system.

The invention relates to the technical field of soil evaporation leakage measurement systems, in particular to a hydraulic communication-based soil evaporation leakage measurement system, which comprises a power mechanism, a hydraulic communication transmission mechanism is arranged below the power mechanism, a detection mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the hydraulic communication transmission mechanism, and the detection mechanism comprises a detection barrel. First fixing frames are arranged on the periphery of the outer ring of the detection barrel, the number of the first fixing frames is two, the two first fixing frames are located at the upper end and the lower end of the detection barrel respectively, a sensing device is arranged on the first fixing frame at the upper end, and a second fixing frame is arranged on the first fixing frame at the lower end; soil to be detected is in contact with soil on the ground, the soil on the ground is loaded on the soil loading table, and the power mechanism is started to drive the hydraulic communication transmission mechanism to be in contact with the detection mechanism, so that the moisture in the soil is closer to reality during detection, and the test data is accurate.

The application provides a method for dividing surface evapotranspiration components based on dual-source Penman-Monteith, which comprises the following steps: step 1, collecting meteorological data; step 2, constructing function expressions of ecosystem Penman-Monteith, vegetation canopy Penman-Monteith and soil layer Penman-Monteith based on the collected meteorological data; step 3, substituting the Penman-Monteith expressions in step 2 into energy balance equation and water vapor balance equation to deduce plant transpiration and soil evaporation division factors; and step 4, calculating plant transpiration and soil evaporation according to the division factors. The application can accurately divide the ecosystem evapotranspiration into plant transpiration and soil evaporation by only using conventional meteorological data driving. The application can provide a theoretical basis for ecosystem evapotranspiration component simulation, technical support for improving the calculation efficiency of existing global models in the process of ecosystem evapotranspiration component simulation, and a scientific basis for ecological hydrology research.

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil evaporation capacity measurement, and particularly relates to a method for measuring the evaporation resistance coefficient of the surface of medium-covered saline alkali soil. According to the method, the weights of the bare saline-alkali soil and the medium-covered saline-alkali soil are weighed respectively, the surface evaporation resistance coefficient of the medium-covered saline-alkali soil is obtained through calculation according to a specific model, and a theoretical basis for medium type and thickness screening is provided for improving saline-alkali soil through a medium covering method, the calculation model of the medium covering saline alkali soil surface evaporation resistance coefficient is fn = (M0-Mn) / (G0-Gn). The method provided by the invention is simple to operate, the result is visual and visible, and in addition, the method shows good stability, reliability and accuracy.

The present application relates to a carbon-water flux simulation method and system based on vegetation hydraulic transmission. The method includes: constructing a biosphere-atmosphere exchange process simulator model coupled with a vegetation hydraulic module, obtaining model driving data and model parameters and calculating vegetation photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, vegetation transpiration and soil evaporation respectively; calculating the water absorption rate of vegetation based on the model driving data and model parameters; calculating the soil moisture of each preset layer based on the water absorption rate and model parameters; iterating the corresponding process variables of the model by updating the vegetation water stress factor within a preset time, until the number of iterations reaches a preset critical number, and then outputting the carbon-water flux simulation results. This method takes into account the flow of water between the soil-vegetation-atmosphere continuum, is more mechanistic, and strengthens the water-carbon coupling relationship in the model; using the vegetation water stress factor to adjust the stomatal conductance, the simulation accuracy of the model during drought is better than the original model.

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogeology, and discloses a method and a device for acquiring the evaporation rate of an unsaturated soil body and related equipment, and the method for acquiring the evaporation rate of the unsaturated soil body comprises the following steps: acquiring the evaporation rate of the unsaturated soil body on the basis of an evaporation action mode of the unsaturated soil body; an unsaturated soil evaporation model is constructed according to the physical relation of the density calculation parameter, the relative humidity calculation parameter and the retardation coefficient parameter; acquiring unsaturated soil body information of the to-be-measured unsaturated soil body and atmosphere information close to the surface of the to-be-measured unsaturated soil body; determining a retardation coefficient parameter, a density calculation parameter and a relative humidity calculation parameter based on the unsaturated soil body information and the atmosphere information; and solving the unsaturated soil body evaporation model to obtain the unsaturated soil body evaporation rate. The method can improve the accuracy of obtaining the evaporation rate of the unsaturated soil body.

The invention discloses a sudden drought simulation device, and relates to the technical field of agricultural meteorology, and the sudden drought simulation device comprises an experiment setting and integration module, an air supply pipeline design module, a required air speed estimation module and a fan selection control module. Based on a fluid static pressure conservation principle, wind with uniform speed can be output, the uncertainty of influence of wind speed space difference on an analysis result is reduced, local wind speed sudden change is avoided, the uniformity of an evaporation process is ensured, and the wind speed required in a sudden drought process is quantified through a required wind speed estimation module. According to the device, soil evaporation is accelerated through uniform air supply, the repeatability and accuracy of an experiment are ensured, it can be ensured that the relative humidity of soil is reduced to a target value within the set time under the limited control condition, and the repeatability and precision of the experiment are improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of soil evaporation test systems, in particular to a soil evaporation test system. Comprising the steps that a soil column simulation device contains a simulation soil column; the temperature control evaporation device regulates and controls the current evaporation temperature; the precipitation device controls the current precipitation amount; the salt concentration collecting device collects the current salt concentration; the gas permeability sensor collects current gas diffusion rates of the simulated soil column at different depths; the salt concentration supply device provides a salt solution; the hierarchical data acquisition device acquires corresponding temperatures, pH values, conductivity and nitrogen migration amounts at different depths; and the electronic equipment takes the current evaporation temperature, the current precipitation, the current salt concentration and each current gas diffusion rate as input, and takes the temperature, the pH value, the conductivity and the nitrogen migration amount corresponding to each depth as output, the initial soil column data prediction network is trained, and a target soil column data prediction model is obtained. The accurate simulation of the process of water-salt migration along with nitrogen migration of the saline-alkali soil is realized.

The invention is suitable for the technical field of intelligent agricultural irrigation, and provides an automatic sprinkling irrigation method and system for gardens, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining soil state information, environmental meteorological information and plant physiological information in real time; based on the blade total conductance prediction model, predicting the blade total conductance in real time; determining a transpiration rate prediction value of the plant according to the leaf total conductance prediction value, and predicting the water demand of the plant in real time; predicting the soil evaporation capacity based on the soil evaporation capacity prediction model; predicting the leaf residual moisture evaporation capacity based on the leaf residual moisture evaporation capacity prediction model; according to the plant water demand, the soil evaporation capacity and the leaf residual water evaporation capacity which are predicted in real time, the needed spray irrigation amount is determined, and the spray irrigation process is dynamically adjusted in real time. According to the invention, the water demand of plants and the required sprinkling irrigation amount can be accurately predicted, so that the sprinkling irrigation process can be dynamically adjusted in real time, the phenomena of excessive irrigation or insufficient irrigation and the like are avoided, and the purpose of saving water resources and energy is achieved.

The application discloses a kind of high-efficiency soil remediation equipment of turnover, belong to soil remediation technical field.The application includes bottom plate and be set in the stirring cavity and filter cavity of bottom plate top end, the side of stirring cavity in the top of bottom plate and be equipped with heating cavity, heating cavity is connected with stirring cavity by trachea, stirring cavity is connected with filter cavity by connecting pipe, the top of bottom plate and be equipped with support in the two sides of heating cavity symmetry, one side support is installed with heating air blowing equipment, the side of two side supports corresponding all be equipped with slide, slide middle part is connected with heating cavity by the movable shaft on support, heating cavity two sides symmetry is equipped with heating cavity ear, and in addition two sides of vertical have up-and-down staggered top plate.The application uses hydraulic cylinder to promote heating cavity to rise, utilizes gravity to make heating cavity overturn, soil continues to overturn after evaporating once, increases evaporation time, so that soil evaporation is more sufficient, improves efficiency.