145 results about "Heat pulse" patented technology

Devices and methods for the treatment of skin conditions and lesions are disclosed herein. One aspect of the invention is a compact hand held device that can be safely used by those suffering from skin conditions, such as acne, warts, cold blisters, blemished skin, or fine wrinkles. The devices described herein employ the application of heat for the treatment of skin conditions and lesions. Typically, the peak temperatures employed are about 70° C. to about 400° C. by the devices, are achieved in less than about 1 second, and maintained for less than about 1 second. In some embodiments, the skin surface is heated with heat pulses. Thermal conduction transfers heat from the device to the skin and causes a biological response that accelerates acne clearing, treats blemished skin, itching, or fine wrinkles. The total heat transferred is low enough to prevent burns.

Systems and methods for detecting a condition of multi-phase flow through a component with a first sensing cable having a first sensor location and aligned with a heating element and a second sensing cable having a second sensing location a predetermined distance from the first sensing location. A heat pulse is propagated through the heating element. A first temperature profile at the first sensing location and a second temperature profile at the second sensing location, each corresponding to the heat pulse, are measured over time. A flow velocity is determined by correlating the first temperature profile with the second temperature profile. A condition of flow of the media is detected by determining a phase of at least one medium exposed to the sensing cable at the first sensing location based on the first temperature profile and the determined flow velocity.

A system and method for determining lateral thermal diffusivity of a material sample using a heat pulse; a sample oriented within an orthogonal coordinate system; an infrared camera; and a computer that has a digital frame grabber, and data acquisition and processing software. The mathematical model used within the data processing software is capable of determining the lateral thermal diffusivity of a sample of finite boundaries. The system and method may also be used as a nondestructive method for detecting and locating cracks within the material sample.

The present invention concerns a method for measuring the thickness of any deposit of material on the inner wall of a structure conducting a fluid stream of hydrocarbons, the method comprising the steps of: applying a first heat pulse or continuous heating to at least one first section of the structure removing deposits on the inner wall of the first section of the structure; applying a second heat pulse to both the first section of the structure and at least one second section of the structure, the first and second sections being spaced apart, which heat pulse does not loosen any deposit of material in the second section; measuring the temperature of the wall of the structure or the fluid during the second heat pulse at both the first and second sections; and determining the thickness of any deposit of material on the inner wall of the structure at the second section based on the measured temperatures. The present invention also relates to a corresponding device and arrangement.

The invention relates to a method for measuring thermophysical parameters of a translucent material, in particular to a method for measuring thermophysical parameters of a translucent material with transient photothermal signals generated by heating pulse lasers. The method comprises the steps that the surface of one side of the translucent material is irradiated by the lasers, a thermocouple thermodetector is used for measuring and recording the changes of the temperature of the two surfaces of the material along with time, and a laser power meter is synchronously used for respectively measuring the hemispherical reflecting radiation signals of the laser incidence side of a test-piece and the hemispherical transmission radiation signals of the laser emitting side of the test-piece. According to the laser transmission radiation signals, the reflecting radiation signals and the temperature, changed along with the time, of the two surfaces, the absorption coefficient, the scattering coefficient and the heat conduction coefficient of the translucent material are obtained on the basis of an inverse problem solving technology. A direct problem model and an inverse problem model for measuring the absorption coefficient, the scattering coefficient and the heat conduction coefficient of the translucent material are built, and the absorption coefficient, the scattering coefficient and the heat conduction coefficient of the translucent material can be simultaneously measured simply, fast and accurately through the inverse problem solving technology.

An apparatus for and method of operating a thermal actuator for a micromechanical device, especially a liquid drop emitter such as an ink jet printhead, is disclosed. The disclosed thermal actuator comprises a base element and a cantilevered element including a thermo-mechanical bender portion extending from the base element to a free end tip. The thermo-mechanical bender portion includes a barrier layer constructed of a dielectric material having low thermal conductivity, a first deflector layer constructed of a first electrically resistive material having a large coefficient of thermal expansion, and a second deflector layer constructed of a second electrically resistive material having a large coefficient of thermal expansion wherein the barrier layer is bonded between the first and second deflector layers. The thermo-mechanical bender portion further has a base end and base end width, w_b, adjacent the base element, and a free end and free end width, w_f, adjacent the free end tip, wherein the base end width is substantially greater than the free end width. A first heater resistor is formed in the first deflector layer and adapted to apply heat energy having a first spatial thermal pattern which results in a first deflector layer base end temperature increase, ΔT_1b, that is greater than a first deflector layer free end temperature increase, ΔT_1f. A second heater resistor is formed in the second deflector layer and adapted to apply heat energy having a second spatial thermal pattern which results in a second deflector layer base end temperature increase, ΔT_2b that is greater than a second deflector layer free end temperature increase, ΔT_2f. Application of an electrical pulse to either the first or second heater resistors causes deflection of the cantilevered element, followed by restoration of the cantilevered element to an initial position as heat diffuses through the barrier layer and the cantilevered element reaches a uniform temperature. For liquid drop emitter embodiments, the thermal actuator resides in a liquid-filled chamber that includes a nozzle for ejecting liquid. Application of electrical pulses to the heater resistors is used to adjust the characteristics of liquid drop emission. The barrier layer exhibits a heat transfer time constant τ_B. The thermal actuator is activated by a heat pulses of duration τ_P wherein τ_P<½τ_B.

A method for removal of wax deposited on an inner wall in contact with a fluid stream. The method includes the steps of cooling the inner wall and the fluid stream to a temperature of or below the wax appearance temperature, enabling wax to dissolve and precipitate on the inner wall, and heating of the inner wall for a short period of time to release the deposited wax from the surface of the inner wall, mainly in the form of solid parts. The thickness of wax deposits in a pipe section can be determined by computing the temperatures obtained upstream and downstream in the said pipe section, before and after applying heat pulse.

The present invention provides an un-intrusive type pulse stem flow gauge including a heating element positioned on the surface of the plant, a differential amplifying circuit and a signal control processing circuit. A downriver temperature sensor is positioned down the stem flow where the heating element of the stem flow gauge is positioned; an upriver temperature sensor assortative with the downstream temperature sensor is provided on the upper of the stem flow where the heating element of the stem flow gauge is positioned. Said downriver temperature sensor and upriver temperature sensor are connected with the differential amplifying circuit and the signal control processing circuit. As a result, the stem flow measuring of the plant with a smaller diameter can be realized conveniently in the present invention by adopting an un-intrusive type heating method and a differential temperature measuring method of the temperature sensor through measuring the moving time of the heat pulse inner the plant.

The invention provides an experimental device for testing a heat conductivity coefficient of a building material based on quasi steady state and unsteady state methods, relates to the field of a testing technology of thermophysical parameters of a building material, and solves the problems that an existing thermophysical parameter experimental device can not simultaneously load the measurement processes by using three methods including a quasi steady state method, a normal power method and a heat pulse method, and one-time testing time is long and a measurement maximum relative error is large. An anode and a cathode of a low-potential potentiometer are correspondingly connected with a switch control interface of an oil immersed key conversion switch; thermoelectromotive force signals output by thermocouples are respectively connected into a thermoelectromotive force signal output end of the oil immersed key conversion switch; cold ends of the thermocouples are respectively inserted into an ice bottle containing an ice-water mixture; measuring ends of the thermocouples are respectively contacted with a testing piece to be tested; a heating resistor is used for heating the testing piece to be tested. The theoretical error analysis and the actual measurement prove that the measurement maximum relative errors are as follows: the heat conductivity coefficient is less than or equal to 5.1%, the thermal diffusivity is less than or equal to 9.2% and the specific heat value is less than or equal to 7.7%; the requirement on precision by engineering is met.

The invention relates to a plant stemflow flow rate measurement method and the device for measuring the stemflow flow rate of a plant minute stem or a herbal plant by using the heat-pulse tracing technology; a heater is arranged on the plant stem the stemflow rate of which needs to be measured; the upper and lower parts of the plant stem which are away from the heater with the equal distance S are respectively provided with a pair of temperature sensors, and the two sensors of each pair of temperature sensors are separately arranged along the up and down direction of the stem for detecting temperature differences; the heater is started to carry out an instant heating to the stem, at the same time, the heater is cleared to zero and two timers are started; when the upper and lower pairs of temperature sensors respectively detect the temperature differences, the corresponding timer is closed, and the recording times of the two timers and the S are substituted into a formula to get the stemflow flow rate, thus effectively reducing the heating amount of the stem; the invention is not only applicable to common fruit bearing forest and other woody plants, but also expands the heat-pulse tracing technology to the stemflow rate measurement of plant minute stem or herbal plant, and the invention has the advantages of stable work, economy, practicability, safety, reliability and high accuracy.

A process transmitter for measuring a process variable in an industrial process comprises a sensor module, a heating device and transmitter circuitry. The sensor module has a sensor for sensing a process variable of an industrial process and generating a sensor signal. The heating device is connected to the sensor module for generating a heat pulse to influence generation of the sensor signal. The transmitter circuitry is connected to the sensor and the heating device. The transmitter circuitry verifies operation of the sensor by measuring a change in the sensor signal due to the heat pulse. In one embodiment of the invention, the heat pulse thermally expands a volume of a fill fluid within the process transmitter. In another embodiment, the heat pulse changes a physical property, such as dielectric, of a fill fluid within the process transmitter.

A doubly-anchored thermal actuator for a micro-electromechanical device such as a liquid drop emitter or a fluid control microvalve is disclosed. The thermal actuator is comprised of a base element formed with a depression having opposing anchor. A deformable element, attached to the base element at the opposing anchor edges, is constructed as a planar lamination including a first layer of a first material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion and a second layer of a second material having a high coefficient of thermal expansion. The deformable element has anchor portions adjacent the anchor edges and a central portion between the anchor portions wherein the flexural rigidity of the anchor portions is substantially less than the flexural rigidity of the central portion. The doubly-anchored thermal actuator further comprises apparatus adapted to apply a heat pulse to the deformable element that causes a sudden rise in the temperature of the deformable element. The deformable element bows outward in a direction toward the second layer, and then relaxes to a residual shape as the temperature decreases. The doubly-anchored thermal actuator is configured with a liquid chamber having a nozzle or a fluid flow port to form a liquid drop emitter or a fluid control microvalve, or to activate an electrical microswitch. Heat pulses are applied to the deformable element by resistive heating or by light energy pulses.

The invention discloses a wireless plant stem flow detection device based on a laser heat pulse. The wireless plant stem flow detection device comprises a microprocessor, a laser heat pulse generator, a stem flow sensor, a calendar chip, a voltage converter, a power supply, a wireless communication module, a keyboard, an LCD module, an RS232 interface and a USB interface module. The laser heat pulse is taken as the heat pulse of the stem flow sensor, and temperature is detected by an infrared temperature probe, the contact of the detected stem with the detection device is avoided by the heat source and the detection method, thus reducing the impact on the stem. Two infrared temperature probes are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of an optical fiber, are inserted into foam enwinding the plant stem to be detected and do not contact the stem; the two infrared temperature probes are respectively connected with the microprocessor, and the optical fiber is connected with the laser heat pulse generator. A wireless data communication method of ZigBee communication protocol is employed to facilitate the device installation and the data acquisition. The wireless plant stem flow detection device can be used for measuring the stem flow of herbaceous plants or smaller stems.

An apparatus for a liquid drop emitter, especially for use in an ink jet printhead, is disclosed. A chamber filled with a liquid, a nozzle and a thermo-mechanical actuator, extending into the chamber from at least one wall of the chamber is disclosed. A movable element of the thermo-mechanical actuator is configured with a bending portion which bends when heated, the bending portion having at least one actuator opening for passage of the liquid. Apparatus is adapted to apply heat pulses to the bending portion resulting in rapid deflection of the movable element, ejection of a liquid drop, and passage of liquid through the at least one actuator opening. A movable element configured as a cantilever or as a beam extending from anchor walls of the chamber is disclosed. The thermo-mechanical actuator may be formed as a laminate structure including a layer constructed of a deflector material having a high coefficient of thermal expansion and that is electrically resistive, for example, titanium aluminide. Apparatus adapted to apply heat pulses comprising a resistive heater formed in the deflector material in the bending portion is also disclosed.

This invention relates to a measurer for oceanic sediment thermal conductivity in-situ measuring system, which comprises: a measuring probe, an attitude detection circuit, a thermal impulse excitation circuit, a temperature collection circuit, a CPU, I/O, and a memory. Wherein, the measuring device comprises: a. a memory; b. an input device; c. a detection device; d. a calculation device to calculate the thermal conductivity by formula k=0.029275*Q/(Tmtm) and store the data in an EFPROM; e. an output device. This device improves measurement precision by filter, high-bit A/D conversion and complex algorithm, cuts time to 1~2min, and has simple structure with light weight for convenient communication.

A method for measuring thermal conductivity of a material contains the now described steps. A heat pulse is applied to a front side of the material. The resulting time-dependent two-dimensional temperature field of the front side of the material is detected using an infrared detector. An isotherm is identified in the temperature field. First and second thermal conductivities of the material in first and second directions of the material are calculated on the basis of the shape of the isotherm and on the basis of first and second temperatures detected at one point of the front side of the material at two points in time.

The invention belongs to the technical field of measure, and especially relates to a double-probe heat-pulse thermal-property measure apparatus capable of realizing spacing in-field self correcting and a method. The double-probe heat-pulse thermal-property measure device capable of realizing spacing in-field self correcting comprises a pedestal, and a temperature probe and a heating probe both fixedly disposed on the pedestal, and is characterized in that the length/internal diameter of the temperature probe and the heating probe is larger than 25, two temperature-measuring elements are arranged in the temperature probe along the axial direction of the temperature probe, and the two temperature-measuring elements and the heating probe are all connected with an external-connection device. By employing the two temperature-measuring elements, the provided measure apparatus and the measure method help to reduce the specific heat measurement error caused by bending deformation of the probes in practical application. Additionally, the apparatus is simple in structure, low in cost, convenient to use and rapid and accurate for measurement.